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Software reliability growth models, which are based on nonhomogeneous Poisson processes, are widely adopted tools when describing the stochastic failure behavior and measuring the reliability growth in software systems. Faults in the systems, which eventually cause the failures, are usually connected with each other in complicated ways. Considering a group of networked faults, we raise a new model to examine the reliability of software systems and assess the model's performance from real‐world data sets. Our numerical studies show that the new model, capturing networking effects among faults, well fits the failure data. We also formally study the optimal software release policy using the multi‐attribute utility theory (MAUT), considering both the reliability attribute and the cost attribute. We find that, if the networking effects among different layers of faults were ignored by the software testing team, the best time to release the software package to the market would be much later while the utility reaches its maximum. Sensitivity analysis is further delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we address the problem of structure-aware shape deformation: We specifically consider deformations that preserve symmetries of the shape being edited. While this is an elegant approach for obtaining plausible shape variations from minimal assumptions, a straightforward optimization is numerically expensive and poorly conditioned. Our paper introduces an explicit construction of bases of linear spaces of shape deformations that exactly preserve symmetries for any user-defined level of detail. This permits the construction of low-dimensional spaces of low-frequency deformations that preserve the symmetries. We obtain substantial speed-ups over alternative approaches for symmetry-preserving shape editing due to (i) the sub-space approach, which permits low-res editing, (ii) the removal of redundant, symmetric information, and (iii) the simplification of the numerical formulation due to hard-coded symmetry preservation. We demonstrate the utility in practice by applying our framework to symmetry-preserving co-rotated iterative Laplace surface editing of models with complex symmetry structure, including partial and nested symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cDNA library of male Chinese seahorse (Hippocampus kuda Bleeker) was constructed to investigate the molecular profile of seahorse as one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicine materials, and to reveal immunological and physiological mechanisms of seahorse as one of the most primitive vertebrates at molecular level. A total of 3372 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) consisting of 1911 unique genes (345 clusters and 1566 singletons) were examined in the present study. Identification of the genes related to immune system, paternal brooding and physiological regulation provides not only valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of immune system in teleost fish but also plausible explanations for pharmacological activities of Chinese seahorse. Furthermore, the occurrence of high prevalent C-type lectins suggested that a lectin-complement pathway might exert a more dominant function in the innate immune system of teleost than mammal. Carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) without a collagen-like region in the lectins of seahorse was likely an ancient characteristic of lectins similar to invertebrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]