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The journal structure in the China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations Database (CSTPCD) is analyzed from three perspectives: the database level, the specialty level, and the institutional level (i.e., university journals vs. journals issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences). The results are compared with those for (Chinese) journals included in the Science Citation Index (SCI). The frequency of journal–journal citation relations in the CSTPCD is an order of magnitude lower than in the SCI. Chinese journals, especially high-quality journals, prefer to cite international journals rather than domestic ones; however, Chinese journals do not get an equivalent reception from their international counterparts. The international visibility of Chinese journals is low, but varies among fields of science. Journals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a better reception in the international scientific community than university journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lifestyles signify who people are and who people want to be. They contain one's value orientation toward the world. The speeding urbanization over the globe has made the urban lifestyle mainstream, and so does it in China. The overwhelming range of options in cities represents a consumerist society, but meanwhile, there is an emergent underground alternative, especially from the younger generations who are pursuing a "more meaningful life." This paper does an ethnographic study on young Chinese urbanites' engagement in a village as an essential example of this trend. It argues that young people's choice for rural life is a reaction and a resistance to the social forces of consumerism and urbanization. By reflecting on the reimagination of modernity and life politics in the changing process, the research implies that accompanied by opportunities for social change, young people's promotion of rural lifestyles could be linked to the government's development agenda, and this might potentially cause new forms of inequalities in rural development. By drawing on practical experience, the paper brings narratives about young Chinese urbanites' life choices in rural places into the discussion of modernity and life politics, hopefully exemplifying a broader sociological contribution around the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the circumstances of "Carbon Peak," it is imminent to implement green construction technology in the construction industry as it is a major source of CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, little study has been done on the impact of self‐face awareness (SA) on green building project performance (GP). On the basis of a large‐scale questionnaire survey in China and an in‐depth analysis of the four categories (cognition, behavior, satisfaction, and performance), this paper has added an SA dimension, and proposed a new impacting path. Then, based on the improved conceptual model for measuring the impact of green construction behavior on GP, this paper has conducted empirical tests by using a large sample of questionnaire data and partial least square‐structural equation modeling method. The results show that: (1) green construction behavior has a positive impact on GP, and the impact of perceived behavioral control of green construction technology is most significant for promoting green construction in the industry, and SA has a significant positive effect on green construction in the industry; (2) environmental perception and perceived behavioral control for green construction technology play a mediating role; and (3) significant differences indeed exist in the multigroup analysis, and the biggest difference is working experiences in the engineering field. Finally, this paper has proposed corresponding management implications based on the above findings. The main contribution of this study is that this study has developed a new dimension (SA) to the model considering Chinese national and cultural differences, in an attempt to reveal the impact of green construction technology on GP in the Chinese context. In addition, the promotion of green construction (PGC) in the construction industry was also added based on the sustainability perspective, which is the first attempt to explore the role of the PGC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflecting on different theoretical premises within geographies of care, this paper develops their connections and responds to the normativity and universalism in care literature through conceptualising live‐in elder care (LEC). Considering the relationality of differential contributions to care, we propose a conceptualisation of multiple interrelated approaches by: (1) extending the critical frameworks of care to understand the broader frames of institution, market, and morality in mediating interpersonal connectedness of elder care; (2) thinking care relationally, we challenge the dominant conceptualisation of care and power as unidirectional flows and elder care relationships as a receiver–giver dyad; (3) emplacing care, we focus on the actual conditions of care through which ethics are assembled in their geo‐historical context; (4) treating care as grounded, we centre voices from both older people and LEC workers and how ethics of care are comprehended in the everyday rather than prescribed for commodified care. Our thematic analysis starts with a commodification process where LEC is negotiated in tensions; yet moving beyond arguments around systems of dominance and ideal ethics of care, findings show LEC also creates a space of care where LEC workers and older people constantly negotiate norms, boundaries, and care as a relational process. Conceptually, this paper recognises the role of power in shaping the market and intimate relationships of elder care by elaborating on the inequities of age, gender, and place (not just gender). Moving beyond critiques, this paper emphasises the entangled and relational nature of care as grounded in a series of everyday concerns and resistance, where ethics of difference are negotiated and a cultural‐historical configuration of care still perpetuates in its locale. Finally, this paper speaks to the active yet overlooked role of age and ageing in constructing an ethics of care. This paper recognises the role of power in shaping the market and intimate relationships of elder care by elaborating on the inequities of age, gender, and place (not just gender). Moving beyond critiques, this paper emphasises the relational nature of care as grounded and emplaced in a series of everyday concerns and resistance, where ethics of difference are negotiated and a cultural‐historical configuration of care still perpetuates in its locale. Finally, this paper speaks to the active yet overlooked role of age and ageing in constructing an ethics of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the effect on general health checkup system-based prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for early detection of prostate cancer in asymptomatic elderly men in our hospital since 2004. We compared the changes in the medical parameters of prostate cancer in the eras before and after general health checkup system-based PSA screening was introduced. Our results revealed that there were significant increases in the proportion of patients without any clinical symptoms (18.92% vs 27.27%, P = 0.038), lower level serum PSA (24.32% vs 37.45%, P = 0.004), well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (22.45% vs 36.26%, P = 0.002), clinically organ-confined disease (30.41% vs 44.73%, P = 0.002), and patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (14.19% vs 34.55%, P < 0.001) after general health checkup system-based PSA screening. General health checkup system-based PSA screening is effective for early detection of prostate cancer in Chinese elderly men and favourable PSA levels, Gleason scores, and clinical stages are associated with PSA screening. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of screening on treatment outcomes and mortality of prostate cancer in southern Chinese. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small mammal species richness and relative abundance vary along elevational gradients, but there are different patterns that exist. This study reports the patterns of distribution and abundance of small mammals along the broader elevational gradient of Mt. Qilian range. The study was conducted in the Mt. Qilian range, north-western China, from June to August 2001. Removal trapping was conducted using a standardized technique at 7 sites ranging between 1600 and 3900 m elevation within three transects. Correlation, regression and graphical analyses were used to evaluate the diversity patterns along this elevational gradient. In total, 586 individuals representing 18 nonvolant small mammal species were collected during 20 160 trap nights. Species composition was different among the three transects with 6 (33%) of the species found only within one transect. Elevational distribution and relative abundance of small rodents showed substantial spatial variation, with only 2 species showing nonsignificant capture frequencies across elevations. Despite these variations, some general patterns of elevational distribution emerged: humped-shape relationships between species diversity and elevation were noted in all three transects with diversity peaks at middle elevations. In addition, relative abundance was negatively correlated with elevation. Results indicate that maximum richness and diversity of nonvolant small mammals occurred at mid-elevations where several types of plants reached their maximum diversity and primary productivity, and where rainfall and humidity reached a maximum. It is demonstrated that the mid-elevation bulge is a general feature of at least a large portion of the biota on the Mt. Qilian range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides summaries of various research studies on depression. The studies cover a range of topics, including the impact of trauma reporting on journalists, stigma and self-stigma of mental illness in Turkey, the relationship between depression severity and perceived cognitive impairment, the construct validity of a depression scale in Chinese adolescents, the interaction between a specific gene and peer rejection in predicting depression among Chinese adolescents, a clinical psychoinformatics approach to detect signs of depression recurrence, the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Filipino university students, the influencing factors of depression among 11th grade students in China, the effectiveness of a Mindful Self-Compassion program on college students with depression, and the effectiveness of a self-help paper-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention in reducing the risk of depression. The studies provide valuable insights into the causes, effects, and treatment of depression, highlighting the need for intervention and mental health support. [Extracted from the article]

The Dahongshan Fe‐Cu (‐Au) deposit is a superlarge deposit in the Kangdian metallogenic belt, southwestern China, comprising approximately 458 Mt of Fe ores (40% Fe) and 1.35 Mt Cu. Two main types of Fe‐Cu (‐Au) mineralization are present in the Dahongshan deposit: (1) early submarine volcanic exhalation and sedimentary mineralization characterized by strata‐bound fine‐grained magnetite and banded Fe‐Cu sulfide (pyrite and chalcopyrite) hosted in the Na‐rich metavolcanic rocks; (2) late hydrothermal (‐vein) type mineralization characterized by Fe‐Cu sulfide veins in the hosted strata or massive coarse‐grained magnetite orebodies controlled by faults. While previous studies have focused primarily on the early submarine volcanic and sedimentary mineralization of the deposit, data related to late hydrothermal mineralization is lacking. In order to establish the metallogenic age and ore‐forming material source of the late hydrothermal (‐vein) type mineralization, this paper reports the Re‐Os dating of molybdenite from the late hydrothermal vein Fe‐Cu orebody and H, O, S, and Pb isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal quartz‐sulfide veins. The primary aim of this study was to establish the metallogenic age and ore‐forming material source of the hydrothermal type orebody. Results show that the molybdenite separated from quartz‐sulfide veins has a Re‐Os isochron age of 831 ± 11 Ma, indicating that the Dahongshan Fe‐Cu deposit experienced hydrothermal superimposed mineralization in Neoproterozoic. The molybdenite has a Re concentration of 99.7–382.4 ppm, indicating that the Re of the hydrothermal vein ores were primarily derived from the mantle. The δ34S values of sulfides from the hydrothermal ores are 2‰–8‰ showing multi‐peak tower distribution, suggesting that S in the ore‐forming period was primarily derived from magma and partially from calcareous sedimentary rock. Furthermore, the abundance of radioactive Pb increased significantly from ore‐bearing strata to layered and hydrothermal vein ores, which may be related to the later hydrothermal transformation. The composition of H and O isotopes within the hydrothermal quartz indicates that the ore‐forming fluid is a mixture of magmatic water and a small quantity of water. These results further indicate that the late hydrothermal orebodies were formed by the Neoproterozoic magmatic hydrothermal event, which might be related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. Mantle derived magmatic hydrothermal fluid extracted ore‐forming materials from the metavolcanic rocks of Dahongshan Group and formed the hydrothermal (‐vein) type Fe‐Cu orebodies by filling and metasomatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a healthcare ICT4D solution, mobile health (mHealth) can potentially improve users' well‐being during pandemics, especially in developing countries with limited healthcare resources. Recent ICT4D research reveals that providing end‐users with access to ICT is insufficient for improving well‐being and, thus, understanding how mHealth empowers end‐users to enhance well‐being against stressful events is important. However, prior research has rarely discussed the issue of empowerment in the domain of mHealth or the context of major disruptive events. This paper contributes to the literature by conceptualizing the psychological empowerment of mHealth users (PEMU) and investigating its nomological network during pandemics. Drawing upon theories of psychological empowerment and event characteristics, we developed a research model and tested it through a mixed‐methods investigation, containing a quantitative study with 602 Chinese mHealth users during COVID‐19 and a follow‐up qualitative study of 326 online articles and reviews. We found that PEMU, driven by three technological characteristics (perceived response efficacy, ease of use, and mHealth quality), affects well‐being through both (a) a stress‐buffering effect, which counterbalances the detrimental, stress‐increasing effects of event criticality and disruption, and (b) a vitality‐stimulating effect, which is intensified by event criticality. These findings have important implications for ICT4D research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The observed variations in intense geomagnetic flux lobes have a significant impact on regional geomagnetic fields, and produce unique geomagnetic characteristics. To investigate the time‐dependent effect of the Siberian flux lobe on the geomagnetic field in East Asia, we reconstructed a stacked full‐vector paleomagnetic secular variation record (since 2000 BCE) from three sediment cores collected in the Bohai Sea, China. Age models of the studied cores were established through a combination of radiocarbon 14C dating and inter‐profile correlation of mass‐normalized magnetic susceptibility. Rock magnetic results indicate that fine‐grained magnetite is the primary remanent carrier. We found that the paleomagnetic field records in the Bohai Sea correspond more closely with those from the middle latitudes, rather than the low latitudes. This was primarily attributed to the variation of the Siberian flux lobe. This study provides a better understanding of the contrasting patterns of regional geomagnetic fields in East Asia, and emphasizes the significant role played by the Siberian flux intensity lobe in shaping their formation. Plain Language Summary: The Earth's magnetic field is in a constant state of flux, both temporally and spatially, and plays a crucial role in protecting our planet from solar wind and cosmic rays. The long‐term variation of the Earth's magnetic field is closely linked with the magnetic flux patch situated at the core‐mantle boundary. However, our understanding of the evolution of magnetic flux patches has been limited by the use of short‐term instrumental data and discrete archeomagnetic data. In this paper, we reconstruct a ∼4,000‐year high‐resolution full‐vector paleomagnetic record from sediments in the Bohai Sea, China. Our findings reveal a clear contrast in the paleomagnetic variations between the middle and low latitudes of East Asia. We proposed that the Siberian flux intensity lobe likely played an important role in the observed paleomagnetic behavior discrepancy between the low‐ and mid‐latitudes of East Asia. Key Points: A multi‐decadal resolution paleomagnetic record spanning approximately 4,000 years has been derived from sediments in the Bohai Sea, ChinaThe paleomagnetic behavior differs between middle and low latitudes across East Asia, indicating the variation of the Siberian flux lobeThe disparity in inclination between the Chinese and Levantine spikes implies that these spikes arise from separate magnetic flux patches [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large‐scale AC/DC hybrid power network has recently been constructed in China because of the fast development of high voltage direct current (HVDC) technology. The receiving AC system must have sufficient system strength to guarantee the safe operation of the DC side. The paradox is that raising the AC side system's strength will increase the short‐circuit current (SCC) level, endangering the safety of the system. In order to resolve the contradiction between the system strength of multi‐infeed DC receiving‐end power networks and SCC, this paper proposes an optimal transmission switching strategy. Firstly, the system strength is characterised by the multi‐infeed short‐circuit ratio (MISCR), followed by constructing a comprehensive constraint set that considers the MISCR and SCC simultaneously. Secondly, to optimize SCC with MISCR and N−1 safety constraints, a mixed integer linear programming model is developed. Finally, to enhance the computing performance for large power systems, a new connectivity constraint set and decision space reduction techniques are provided. The proposed method is tested for effectiveness using the IEEE 30‐bus and IEEE 118‐bus systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has conducted a high‐resolution characterization of a deeply buried carbonate karst in the Tarim Basin of China by utilizing the FMI (Full‐bore Formation Micro Image) method integrated with seismic data, drilling cores and thin sections. It was found that the type and scale of wellbore karst architecture are mainly controlled by karst paleogeomorphology and vertical faults. The karst highlands and slopes, respectively, develop vadose karst and phreatic karst, with different compositions of karst elements. In terms of the karst thickness in the wellbore, the vertical fault development zone is almost twice that of the non‐development zone, both for the vadose karst and phreatic karst. Furthermore, the vertical fault is also able to promote the development of mixing karst. The mixing zone is located 55 m below the water table, with a strata thickness of approximately 25 m, a net reservoir thickness of 5–15 m, and an average porosity of 4%–8%, which serves as an effective hydrocarbon reservoir in the Yingshan Formation. The results will provide insights into the vertical division of karst reservoir and help predict reservoirs using well logs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithofacies and micropore characteristics of shale reservoir directly affect the exploration and development of natural gas. To determine the development potential of shales of the Longmaxi Formation in the Western Hunan‐Hubei Region, the lithofacies types and micropore structure characteristics of the Longmaxi Formation shales have been systematically studied in this paper, based on ordinary thin sections, argon ion polishing–scanning electron microscopy, physical property testing, x‐ray diffraction whole‐rock and clay mineral analysis, isothermal nitrogen, and carbon dioxide adsorptions. According to the principle of 'laminar structure + total organic carbon (TOC) + mineral composition of felsic, clay, and carbonate minerals', eight types of shale lithofacies were identified. The effective porosity of the Longmaxi shale ranges from 1.8% to 14.4%, with a peak range from 3% to 6%, while the permeability ranges from 0.001 to 1.27 mD, with an average of 0.106 mD. Combined with the isothermal adsorption experiments, the proportion of mesopores is the largest in the Longmaxi shale, followed by macropores and micropores. Moreover, the pore diameters of mesopores are concentrated between 3 and 10 nm, while those of micropores are concentrated between 0.4 and 0.9 nm. The pore volume of shale is most developed when the content of brittle felsic minerals is 50% ~ 75% and the content of clay minerals is 25% ~ 50%, and the TOC content is positively correlated with the pore volume and specific surface area. There are significant differences in the pore development characteristics of different lithofacies. The shale reservoir space analysis indicates that micropores are controlled by TOC content and clay minerals, while the macropores are controlled by depositional intergranular pores, TOC content, and felsic content, as well as diagenetic pyrite mould pores, microfractures pores, and intercrystalline pores. On the other hand, mesopores are related to a mix of depositional and diagenetic factors with dominant contribution of intergranular pores, intercrystalline pores, organic pores, and intergranular shrinkage fractures pores. It is found that the pore development of massive organic‐rich siliceous shale lithofacies has the best reservoir quality, including well‐connected intergranular pores, intercrystalline pores, organic pores, and shrinkage fractures. Therefore, the massive organic‐rich siliceous shale lithofacies is the dominant fine‐grained reservoir lithofacies in the studied area. Based on understating the pore characteristics of different lithofacies, this study can provide a scientific basis for the prediction of favourable sweet spots of shale gas reservoir in the Longmaxi Formation, western Hunan‐Hubei Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies on reading engagement have generally used variable‐centred approaches to examine whole‐sample averages. Few have assumed a person‐centred approach, especially latent profile analysis (LPA), to examine students' reading engagement profiles. Although one study employed LPA to identify the reading engagement profiles of Chinese adolescents, how engagement dimensions combine within individuals was not clear from its results. Methods: This study used LPA to examine the reading engagement profiles of 12,058 Chinese adolescents based on their patterns of behavioural, cognitive and emotional engagement. Additionally, how profile membership relates to self‐concept and reading literacy was examined. Results: Four reading engagement profiles were identified: engaged (moderate to high on all three dimensions), moderately engaged (moderate on all three dimensions), disengaged (low on all three dimensions) and moderately cognitively engaged (moderate cognitive engagement/low behavioural and emotional engagement). Students with a higher reading self‐concept were more likely to exhibit a pattern of moderate to high engagement. Students with higher engagement patterns attained higher reading achievement. Conclusions: Chinese adolescents showed multiple reading engagement profiles that were differently related to self‐concept and reading literacy. Teachers should be aware of subgroups of students displaying different reading engagement patterns and be able to evaluate and then address them with appropriate instructional practices. Highlights: What is already known about this topicReading engagement is a multidimensional construct consisting of behavioural, affective and cognitive dimensions.Reading engagement profiles have been found to include consistent patterns characterised by high or low reading engagement and inconsistent patterns characterised by heterogeneous engagement among the three dimensions.Reading engagement profiles have different adaptive values with respect to related variables such as self‐concept and reading achievement. What this paper addsIt identified four reading engagement profiles: the engaged, moderately engaged, disengaged and moderately cognitively engaged profiles.Profiles with higher self‐concepts generally manifested patterns of higher engagement.Profiles characterised by higher engagement were associated with higher reading achievement. Implications for theory, policy or practiceFuture research should continue to employ person‐centred approaches to investigate more detailed profiles of reading engagement, as well as their relations to multiple contextual antecedents and educational outcomes.Teachers should be aware of subgroups of students with different engagement patterns and tailor effective instructional practices.The results highlight the need to intervene with the disengaged group, as well as with those not typically identified as at‐risk by teachers, such as the moderately cognitively engaged group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Left‐behind children who live away from their migrant parents in rural China have received widespread media attention, especially around their vulnerability and delinquency. To examine the media construction of this population and responsibility attribution for the incidents occurring to them, we used the phronetic iterative approach to analyse 348 news reports published by The Paper, one of China's leading digital media outlets. Our findings revealed that the media constructed a stereotypical portrayal of these children and their families. Moreover, structural inequalities existing in social policies were shifted into personal responsibility in media discourses. This study offers empirical support for the role of news media in shaping public perceptions through their construction and framing processes. We highlight the need to identify structural factors that affect media portrayals of rural families and call for more social support for left‐behind children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a group of ectoparasites, chiggers (larvae of chigger mites) are the exclusive vector of scrub typhus (tsutsugamushi disease). Rodents are the most important hosts of chiggers. The Anderson's niviventer rat, Niviventer andersoni, is an endemic species of rodent in China. However, few studies have involved this endemic rodent species and its ectoparasites including chiggers. According to the field investigation in five provincial regions of southwest China between 2001 and 2019, this paper retrospectively analysed the infestation and distribution of chiggers on the body surface of N. andersoni in southwest China for the first time. From 77 Anderson's niviventer rats captured, a total of 527 chiggers were collected and they were identified as 39 species and nine genera in two subfamilies of family Trombiculidae. Of 39 chigger species identified, Leptotrombidium deliense and L. scutellare are the most important vectors of scrub typhus in China. The overall infestation indexes were PM = 29.87%, MA = 6.84 and MI = 22.91, and the indexes of chigger mite community were Mf = 39, H' = 2.60, E = 0.71 and D = 0.12. The dominant chigger species are L. wenense, L. xiaguanense and L. fujianense with a total Cr = 51.04%, among which L. wenense is one of the six main vectors of scrub typhus in China. The dominant chigger species are of aggregated distribution among different individuals of the rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Weak theory of mind (ToM) ability is a core deficit in children with autism. A growing body of work has found that there is a close relation between complement syntax and ToM in autistic children. However, researchers have not yet investigated whether other linguistic components may explain the difficulties in ToM reasoning in autistic children. Aims: To determine whether verb factuality (i.e., mental and action verbs) is related to ToM ability, as measured by a false belief understanding (FBU) task after controlling the effect of complement syntax for Mandarin‐speaking autistic children. Methods & Procedures: Participants were verbal autistic children, aged 4–7 years. Their IQ performance (verbal, performance and total IQ) and the comprehension of complement syntax were evaluated. A total of 38 children scoring over 9 points in complement syntax test and 90 points in the verbal IQ test were selected to complete verb factuality and FBU task. The χ2 tests and correlation analyses were carried out on two relations: (1) ToM ability and understanding of verb factuality; and (2) ToM ability and comprehension of complement syntax. Outcomes & Results: A total of 11 autistic children completed the action verb factuality task, while 14 completed the mental verb factuality task and 13 completed both tasks. Participants performed well on the verb factuality task, and their ToM performance appeared to be related to their linguistic ability, regardless of the type of verb (i.e., action or mental verb). However, complement syntax scores did not significantly predict the success of the FBU task for the autistic children. Conclusions & Implications: The results of this study link weaker ToM ability with the understanding of verb factuality among autistic children aged 4–7 and provide new evidence for the view that the development of language facilitates improvement of ToM skills. The findings shed new light on how language affects or determines social interactions. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: ToM ability is crucial for social interaction. It has been claimed that mental verb factuality (e.g., think, had thought) may play a role in the development of ToM reasoning in typically developing children, but whether there is a link between the mastery of verb factuality and ToM skills in autistic children is still unclear. What this study adds to existing knowledge: Correlational analysis revealed links between verbal ToM measured by unexpected location task and factuality test of mental verbs as well as action verbs. More importantly, this study confirmed the extra role of verb factuality in explaining ToM ability after excluding the influence of the complement syntax. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: This study suggests that the factuality of verbs could serve as a tool for autistic children to infer the mental states of others. Thus, training on this linguistic structure could be taken into consideration when improving the social skills of autistic children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With a rapidly aging population in mainland China, dysphagia has become one of the common geriatric disorders which creates a huge demand on speech and language therapists (SLTs). The major challenge is the shortage of SLTs in China. In addition, frontline practitioners in mainland China may not be well equipped with the knowledge and practical skills in dysphagia management due to lack of systematic training and the work nature. Aims: This study evaluates the self‐perceived effectiveness and feasibility of an online training program that aims to enhance the self‐assessed knowledge and skills of SLTs providing dysphagia care in residential aged care homes. Methods and Procedures: Sixteen SLTs working in a residential aged care homes in mainland China attended a three‐hour pilot online training program which consists of didactic lecture and practical skills activity components. A total of 10 participants completed an online questionnaire one month after the training to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this online training program. Outcomes and Results: The preliminary results demonstrated participants' self‐perception of high training effectiveness in theoretical knowledge and practical skills. A majority of the participants perceived that the training enhanced their theoretical knowledge and all of them perceived that they acquired practical skills. All respondents were satisfied with the online training approach. They also highlighted the advantage and challenges of the online training approach. Conclusions and Implications: Online training is an effective and feasible approach for theoretical knowledge and practical skills transfer in SLT training and could ultimately benefit the delivery of services for individuals with dysphagia in mainland China. What this paper adds: What is already known on the subject: Previous studies have shown that online training approach is as effective as face‐to‐face training in increasing professional knowledge. Online training programs may be more cost efficient and time efficient when compared with face‐to‐face training. What this study adds: The present study provided preliminary evidence to support the feasibility and effectiveness of using online training on dysphagia for speech and language therapists working in residential aged care homes in mainland China. What are the clinical implications of this work?: From the participants' perception, online training approach is effective and feasible in delivering theoretical knowledge and practical skills. It may be a better training approach for mainland China considering the lack of expertise and accessibility to training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water and energy are not only the foundation of high‐quality development in rural areas but also important constraints. Exploring the inner relationship between water, energy, and economic development has important significance for the high‐quality development in rural areas. This paper first constructs the evaluation index system of high‐quality development in rural areas, and quantifies high‐quality development levels in rural China from 1997 to 2021. Second, from the perspective of water footprint, the Super‐slack based measure model is used to calculate sustainable development efficiency under the constraint of water and energy. Finally, kernel density function, Gini coefficient method, and Tobit model are used to explore the evolution trend, regional differences, and driving factors of sustainable development efficiency in rural China. The results show that: (1) Under the constraint of water and energy, sustainable development efficiency in rural China is relatively low, showing a fluctuating trend of first rising and then declining. The efficiency in the western and eastern regions is higher than the national average, while the central region is the lowest. (2) The evolution trend of sustainable development efficiency in rural China, both the eastern and the western regions, shows the characteristics of "decreasing efficiency and weak polarization phenomenon," while the central region shows the characteristics of "decreasing efficiency and no polarization phenomenon." (3) The regional differences illustrate a fluctuating upward trend, which is mainly caused by the hypervariable density, followed by the differences among provinces in the eastern region. (4) Economic development, opening up, and rural marketization are the main factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sanding production of the underground gas storage (UGS) in the depleted reservoir will cause the decline of effective storage capacity, and the erosion of well string and auxiliary equipment, and other engineering problems. A deep understanding of the sanding production contributes to maintaining the injection and production capacity of gas storage and the long‐term safety of the UGS. In this paper, core samples of five main sedimentary microfacies were drilled from the UGS in middle China. The mechanical properties with different conditions of the moisture content in multi‐cycling injection–production process were tested. The critical drawdown pressure (CDP) calculation methods for the UGS were established based on the stress analysis near the wellbore and the Mogi–Coulomb criterion. Adopting the finite element method simulation on the geological model of the target UGS, the geo‐stress of the formation was calculated by inversed analysis and validated based on the Kaiser effect of rock. Then, the CDP of two target wells of the UGS were investigated. The effects of the water moisture and the cycling times of the injection–production process on the CDP were also analyzed. The geo‐stress distribution shows that the horizontal maximum principal stress ranges from 53 to 68 MPa, and the horizontal minimum principal stress is 46–58 MPa in the target reservoir section, and the vertical minimum principal stress is 69–77 MPa in the target reservoir. The calculated CDP changed with the types of the sedimentary microfacies in the range of [6.27, 8.77] MPa, in which the CDP of the mixed mud and sand flat sedimentary facies was the lowest. The weakness of the CDP with the increasing of the moisture content and the cycling times were analyzed quantitively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fangcang shelter hospital is a form of large temporary hospital developed in China to tackle public health events. Through the case study and analysis of managing a nursing unit in a huge Fangcang shelter hospital transformed from the National Exhibition and Convention Center during the Omicron wave in Shanghai, China between April 9, 2022 and May 24, 2022, this paper aimed to highlight critical implications of public health nurses in health emergencies. Design: A case study was conducted using data collected from a nursing unit with 570 beds. The five characteristics of management were organized as follows: human resource management, establishment and optimization of the core workflow, safety management of high‐risk patients, the grid cooperation mechanism with patient volunteers, as well as humanistic nursing. Results: Analysis of the data of the nursing unit indicated close team cooperation, efficient and orderly process scheduling, good outcomes of patients, and the indispensable role of volunteers. Conclusion: Practice indicated that nursing unit management in a large Fangcang shelter hospital is important to ensure medical order and efficiency. This practical experience can provide valuable reference and data to support for the nursing management of large‐scale public health events, such as infectious disease epidemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model‐circulation increment‐based dynamic statistical technique (MIDST) is proposed in this paper to improve the prediction of summer rainfall over southern China (SC) where quite low prediction skills have been found in the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version 1.1 with a moderate resolution (BCC_CSM1.1m). The results show that BCC_CSM1.1m can hardly represent the variability of the summer rainfall anomaly and its year‐to‐year increment over SC, and the skillful predictions are mostly confined over the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Using the dynamic model output and statistical method, the MIDST is established to capture the coupled modes between the year‐to‐year increments of the summer rainfall anomaly and the associated simultaneous three‐dimensional coupled air‐sea circulation predictors. The cross‐validation indicates that the prediction skills of the MIDST are evidently improved for both the summer rainfall increment prediction and summer rainfall anomaly prediction compared with the direct BCC_CSM1.1m prediction. The skillful prediction can persist for long forecast leads over most regions except southwestern China. As the major predictability source of seasonal prediction, the intense response to changes in the circulation related to the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is well captured, and thus, the performance improvement of the MIDST is primarily due to its more realistic representation of the incremental circulation related to the ENSO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mine roadway built in the same thick rock stratum will not change the lithologic medium in front of the roadway under the influence of the small structure of the mine, which makes the mine radar face many difficulties in structural interpretation. In the coal measure strata in southwest China, the coal seam roof is the weak aquifer of the Kayitou (T1k) group. The mine structure is the excellent drainage boundary of an aquifer, resulting in the water content of the structural belt being different from that of the surrounding rock. This paper proposes a method to identify hidden structures in mine roadways using the autoregressive and moving average power spectrum energy enveloping medium water content inversion technique. Based on the actual water content of strata in the study area, 48 roadway models are constructed. The finite‐difference time‐domain algorithm was used to obtain the forward data and calculate the volumetric water content of the model. The structure of the roadway model is accurately identified by the water content difference. In the numerical simulation study, the segmentation frequency of high‐frequency and low‐frequency envelope of the autoregressive and moving average spectrum of 100‐MHz radar antenna is determined to be 155 MHz, and the value range of water content calculation regulation parameter k is determined. The high‐ and low‐frequency envelope inversion characteristics of the autoregressive and moving average spectrum of different tunnel media models are summarized and analysed. To solve the calculation problem of energy envelope selection of autoregressive and moving average power spectrum of engineering data, the k‐nearest neighbour machine learning algorithm was used to learn and classify the power spectrum features of different tunnel models. The detection application is analysed through the whole‐rock medium and coal and rock medium roadway in the study area. The results show that the method can effectively identify the location and strike characteristics of the hidden structures in front of the roadway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grounded in comparative law research, this paper compares differences in the regulation of online child pornography in China and the United States. The United States began regulating child pornography through criminal law in the 1970s, gradually refining the laws to distinguish between child pornography and obscenity and prohibit the possession of child pornography and virtual child pornography. In contrast, China treats child pornography on an equal footing with adult pornography, but imposes more lenient penalties on disseminating child pornography, which has led to the proliferation of child pornography. By comparing the two countries' policies and laws on child pornography, this review makes four recommendations for other countries: (i) define child pornography in criminal law; (ii) distinguish between obscenity and child pornography; (iii) prohibit virtual child pornography on the internet; and (iv) increase criminal penalties for child pornography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multicellular algae are the core topic for understanding the early life evolution on Earth. The timing of origin and cellular differentiation of multicellular algae, however, remains poorly constrained. The Palaeoproterozoic to early Mesoproterozoic is a critical period during which multicellular algae began to occur and evolve in marine environments. This paper reports well‐preserved multicellular fossils from shales of the Chuanlinggou Formation (c. 1.64 Ga) in North China, with emphasis on their holdfast and putative cellular structures. These macroalgal fossils are reasonably diversified and include Chuaria circularis, Tawuia sinensis, Tawuia robusta, Glossophyton ovalis, Glossophyton sp., Tuanshanzia sp. and Changchengia sp.; mainly preserved as carbonaceous compressions, with a few sideritized forms. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) observation revealed multicellular structures in Chuaria, confirming its biological attributes of a multicellular eukaryote and providing direct evidence that multicellular algae had already originated by the terminal Palaeoproterozoic, earlier than previously speculated. Tuanshanzia sp. and Changchengia sp. developed with a bare rhizome holdfast, suggesting that they had a benthic sessile lifestyle in their late Palaeoproterozoic oceanic habitat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung had a lifelong interest in the I Ching after discovering it in 1919. Jung's interest in the I Ching is arguably more practical than purely theoretical or intellectual, and references to I Ching divination appear frequently in his various publications, seminars, letters and clinical practice records. After a few observations on the history of the study of the I Ching in China, the author categorizes Jung's three uses of the I Ching as physical use (to preview future potentials of outer reality), psychological use (to reveal one's psychological state), and psychical approach (to engage with the divine through "神"["shen", spiritual agencies]). Finally, the author discusses the current Jungian engagement by demonstrating clinical cases in contemporary times. Some Jungian analysts practise I Ching divination to obtain insights into the physical and psychological state of therapeutic relationships and for personal development. This paper is a historical and critical engagement of the Jungian practice of I Ching divination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the XIX International Botanical Congress held in Shenzhen, China, in July 2017, the delegates unanimously adopted the Shenzhen Declaration on Plant Sciences in an effort to accelerate the contributions made by plant scientists for the benefit of the world′s changing society. This paper discusses what has been accomplished concerning plant conservation since the Shenzhen Declaration. Beyond the problems we faced in 2017, the global Covid pandemic and the war have presented new challenges. With the massive ecological overshoot, the number of malnourished people globally has increased. Most threats to vascular plants have increased generally over these 6 years, while the responses of the botanical community to them have continued to proceed at a relatively slow pace. Although international cooperation is needed to combat the grave challenges we face, the ease of such collaboration has decreased substantially in recent years. Certainly, rapid deforestation, especially in the tropics, and our ineffective approaches to mitigate climate change will lessen the effectiveness of our strategies to slow extinction. Indeed, our blindness to the reality of ecological overshoot and misperceptions concerning sustainability are accelerating extinction and thus destabilizing social structures and civilization. As an example, conservation in China faces serious challenges with biodiversity loss, but botanical gardens and seed banks there offer hope on ex situ conservation. The botanical and other scientific communities can contribute by drawing the attention of fellow citizens to the gravity of the problems that we face and by being actively engaged in providing solutions and carrying them forward to action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

General circulation models (GCMs) are developed to simulate the past climate and generate future climate predictions. In the context of global warming, their important roles in identifying possible solutions to water resources planning/management are recognized by the world. However, in actual and regional implementation, due to many factors like initial and boundary conditions, parameters and model structures and so forth, there are great variabilities and uncertainties across the future climate projections of GCMs outputs, which has attracted criticism from water resources planners. Thus, the GCMs usually must be evaluated for assessing their performances in simulating the historical observations. Currently, there are many different conclusions and opinions as to whether the optimal individual model is more advantageous or whether the combined consideration of MME works better. The purpose of this paper is to compare the advantages and disadvantages between the selection of the optimal single GCM and multi‐model ensemble (MME) based on one of the more objective selection methods called TOPSIS. The results show that the performances of GCMs in simulating precipitation and temperature in different climate subregions over China are not identical. For CMIP6 GCMs simulations, the optimal precipitation GCM is CMCC‐CM2‐SR5 for EC, MIROC6 for SC, SWC and NWC, CESM2‐WACCM for NC and NEC, and FGOALS‐g3 for QTP. As for temperature, only NESM3 and BCC‐ESM1 are the optimal GCM for QTP and NWC, respectively; in other subregions, MME is better than single GCM. In general, a simple arithmetic averaging approach employed to generate the MME model is not superior to the optimal GCM, although the error metric with the observed data is reduced, at the cost of a severe compression of the interannual variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccines can play a crucial role in reducing the negative outcomes of pandemics. In this paper we explore how vaccine perceptions and uptake willingness can be affected by vaccine‐related information, the vaccine's country of origin, and national identity. Study 1 (N = 800) showed that a vaccine manufactured by China was perceived more negatively compared to vaccines from the UK, Germany, and Chile. Providing vaccine effectiveness information (83%) increased preference for waiting for an alternative vaccine and reduced perceived effectiveness of a vaccine from China. Brexit supporters perceived vaccines as less safe in general, and particularly thought of a vaccine from China as less competent, effective, and trustworthy, and were less prepared to have it. Study 2 (N = 601) largely replicated findings of Study 1 regarding the effects of a vaccine's country of origin. Moreover, participants who reported a higher sense of British superiority reported more negative attitudes towards a vaccine from China. However, apart from the aforementioned main effects of Study 2, our attempt to manipulate British identity vis a vis a Global identity in order to examine particular national‐identity related outcomes was not successful. Overall, vaccine characteristics can interact with various social psychological factors, potentially affecting people's perceptions and willingness to uptake particular measures to support personal and public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurately predicting wind power is premise for the large‐scale integration of wind energy into the power grid and realizing reliable power grid scheduling and efficient wind farm operation. The spatial–temporal differences between the acquisition points of numerical weather prediction and wind farm sites should be considered because they significantly affect the accuracy of wind power output. Meanwhile, since there are different actual constraints on wind farm electrical networks and units, and the weather conditions may vary, there are no universal methods for identifying and correcting wind power output. To this end, this paper proposes a wind speed calibration model based on an Attention‐Bi‐LSTM network and a self‐adaptive recognition‐correction model based on SHAP‐CART classification for wind power output prediction. First, a spatial–temporal dataset is established by using real weather data from wind farm sites and data from the surrounding NWP points. Then, wind speed is accurately calibrated using the Attention‐Bi‐LSTM model. Next, considering the practical constraints on wind farm electrical networks and units, the self‐adaptive recognition‐correction model based on SHAP‐CART classification is employed to effectively recognize and predict the operating states and power output of the units, thus improving the accuracy and stability of wind power output prediction. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method is verified by using a wind farm in Eastern China as an example and analyzing the prediction results in various approaches. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessments of treatments for 'subjective symptoms' are problematic and potentially contentious. These are symptoms without ascertainable pathophysiology, also referred to as 'medically unexplained.' Treatments of them may be assessed from different perspectives, and an assessment as seen from one perspective may be discrepant with an assessment as seen from another perspective. The observational study described in the paper represents one perspective. Patients in the study were treated with acupuncture for the subjective symptom of low back pain in a Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in China; acupuncture is a form of TCM, which is indigenous to China. Shortly after treatment began and six months afterward, patients reported 'clinically important improvements' on a variety of standard, cross‐culturally validated outcome measures, including pain intensity, physical functioning, and emotional functioning; this assessment is consistent with numerous assessments of acupuncture in China and other Southeastern Asian countries. On the other hand, clinical trials represent another perspective from which to assess acupuncture. Although assessments based on trials are not uniform, several assessments based on them, including those published in journals such as Lancet and New England Journal of Medicine, conclude that acupuncture is not effective. These trials, however, were mainly situated in the U.S., western European countries, and other WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) countries. This is notable, because the population of China, the indigenous context of acupuncture, is greater than populations of WEIRD countries combined. Patients' expectations of a treatment such as acupuncture and their prior familiarity with it vary among contexts, and patients' experiences of treatment outcomes may vary accordingly. In short, although clinical trials constitute a test of truth in biomedicine and inform authoritative assessments in WEIRD countries, they do not necessarily represent the truth from the perspective of those experiencing outcomes of especially indigenous treatments for subjective symptoms in non‐WEIRD contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Socially shared regulation is a vital factor that affects students' collaborative programming performance. However, students' weak group metacognitive skills or inability to adopt shared regulation mechanisms lead to unsatisfactory collaborative programming learning. Objectives: This study proposes an approach to support socially shared regulation in collaborative programming learning in order to enhance students' programming achievements and group metacognition. Methods: A quasi‐experimental study was conducted in a junior high school over a 10‐week period to investigate the impact of the proposed approach on programming achievements, group metacognition, and cognitive load. Forty eighth‐grade students participated in the study, with the experimental group learning via the proposed approach, while the control group used the conventional collaborative programming learning approach. Results and Conclusions: The analysis included data from 38 participants. The experimental results showed that the programming achievements and group metacognition of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group. Additionally, the proposed approach did not increase the cognitive load of the students. Implications: This study has important implications for teachers, learners, and researchers in collaborative programming and social regulation. Our proposed collaborative programming learning approach enhances learners' social regulation and performance, providing teachers with an effective tool for improving collaborative programming learning. This study also extends the field of socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL), demonstrating its potential to improve the effectiveness of collaborative programming learning and highlighting the need for future research to explore the mechanisms of SSRL in this context. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic?: Programming learning is difficult for most learners.Collaborative programming is an effective method of programming learning.Students' weak group metacognitive skills or inability to adopt shared regulation mechanisms lead to unsatisfactory collaborative programming learning. What this paper adds?: This study proposes a method to enhance collaborative programming learning by supporting socially shared regulation among students.The study utilized a quasi‐experimental to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in improving students' programming learning performance.The shared regulation approach was found to significantly improve students' programming achievements and group metacognition when compared to conventional collaborative programming approaches.Importantly, the shared regulation approach did not increase the cognitive load of the students, indicating its potential for practical implementation in programming education. The implications of study findings for practitioners: This study has shown that an approach that supports social shared regulation can improve student performance in collaborative programming learning, and that teachers can use this approach to help students learn programming better collaboratively.This study also contributes to the field of social shared regulated learning by demonstrating how it can support collaborative programming and improve its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Zoomorphism, an obverse of conventional anthropomorphism, has been shown in many cases to be a powerful tool with respect to the metaphorical use of animals. Objectives: This study introduced zoomorphism into the instructional video design of pedagogical agents (PAs). Method: We first developed three image sets, each of which corresponded to a type of zoomorphic PA image construct (full panda, a human face with a panda body, and a human body with panda head imagery). Then, we conducted an image‐screening experiment in which 177 second‐grade students from a primary school were asked to select their favourite PA image for each image construct set. We used a realistic human PA as the baseline. Next, 114 second‐grade students from another school were randomly assigned to learn instructional videos on the topic of pandas using a PA with one of four imageries. Results and Conclusions: ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests indicated that students presented with PAs with full‐panda imagery achieved significantly higher learning performance, learning experience, social presence, and learning interest than those presented with other imageries of PAs. The regression results showed that the effect of zoomorphic PAs with full‐panda imagery on learning performance was exerted in a direct way and that its effect on learning experience was mediated by social presence and learning interest. Implications: Our findings suggest that zoomorphic appearance is an essential quality for video learning that merits further investigation for the efficient imagery construction of PAs. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: The inclusion of pedagogical agents with images that are attributed human qualities to animals known as anthropomorphism is very popular in multimedia education; however, the existing studies on the effects of such images on learning have shown inconsistent results. What this paper adds: We introduced the alternative philosophy of animal use‐zoomorphism, which is the obverse of anthropomorphism, into agent image building. Implications for practice and/or policy: Our study demonstrated that the zoomorphism of agent images increases learning performance and experience; thus, our findings suggest the prospect of zoomorphism in the development of agent image patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Learning‐by‐teaching is a generative learning strategy in which students are told they will have to teach what they are learning to others. Although learning‐by‐teaching has been shown to be effective in some cases, few studies have established guidelines for how to optimize the benefits of learning‐by‐teaching as a generative learning strategy from a social presence perspective. Objectives: This study seeks to clarify the learning‐by‐teaching hypothesis and to pinpoint the optimal level of social presence during learning‐by‐teaching that is most conducive to learning. Methods: In Experiment 1, college students received a lesson with instructions that afterwards they would explain the material to others by making a video, explain the material aloud to themselves, or restudy the material. In Experiment 2, college students viewed a multimedia lesson with instructions that afterwards they would explain the materials by making a video, explain to an onscreen student, or explain to a student in person. Results and Conclusions: Teaching by making a video was better than restudying, self‐explaining, and teaching face‐to‐face or online. Teaching quality was better in video teaching than self‐explaining and face‐to‐face or online teaching. Teaching by making a video is ideal because it primes generative processing while minimizing extraneous processing. Implications: This study is the first to manipulate different levels of social presence of oral teaching to determine the optimal form of learning‐by‐teaching, which preliminarily clarifies generative learning and social presence theory and has implications for both empirical and theoretical research. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Learning‐by‐teaching is a generative learning strategy in which learners are told they will explain the material in the lesson to others after the lesson.Although learning‐by‐teaching has been shown to be effective in some cases, few studies have established guidelines for how to optimize the benefits of learning‐by‐teaching as a generative learning strategy from a social presence perspective. What this paper adds: Teaching by making a video was better than restudying, self‐explaining, and teaching face‐to‐face or online.Teaching quality was better in video teaching than self‐explaining and face‐to‐face or online teaching.Making a video creates suitable and lower social presence but more generative processing.This work shows the importance of balancing the positive effects of a moderate amount of social presence as a motivator with the potential negative effects of too much social presence as a distractor. Implications for practice and/or policy: Instructors should encourage students to record an instructional video explaining what they learned from a lesson. This serves as a generative learning activity that is more effective than self‐explaining or restudying the materials.The sense of social presence during teaching activities should not be too high. Thus, asking students to teach face‐to‐face is not a recommended approach.Instructors should set an appropriate level of social presence and take care to avoid adding extraneous distractions when implementing learning‐by‐teaching to help students achieve an optimal learning performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Computational thinking (CT) has become a crucial skill for individuals in the 21st century, and while more educators are starting to recognize the importance of CT education, there is still a lack of research on how to teach young children CT, particularly outside of traditional school settings. Objectives: To fill the gap in knowledge, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a web‐based parent education program on improving children's CT skills. Additionally, we sought to determine if children's age, gender and family socioeconomic status had any impact on the development of CT skills. Methods: We selected 86 adult–child pairs in the K3 age group to participate in a 4‐week intervention program using a quasi‐experimental approach. Results: After 4 weeks, children in the intervention group had improved their CT skills more than their peers in the control group. This shows that the intervention was successful in enhancing children's CT skills. Age had a moderating effect on CT enhancement, with older children showing a more significant improvement than younger children. However, children's gender and family socioeconomic status did not have any moderating effects. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that CT education can be effectively implemented in the home setting through web‐mediated parent education. Encouraging the use of unplugged CT activities at home can aid children in acquiring CT skills. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Computational thinking (CT) education can be started at the early childhood stage.Both plugged‐in and unplugged activities can promote children's CT.Unplugged activities have many advantages and are suitable for young children. What this paper adds: Web‐mediated parent education is useful for equipping parents with the knowledge and skills to conduct CT activities at home.CT education has a positive effect on children in the home setting.Parents play an important leading role in children's CT education.Parent–child unplugged activities are beneficial to children's CT enhancement. Implications for practice and/or policy: A web‐mediated approach is an appropriate way to encourage parent participation in CT training.CT‐related parent education should be scaled up so that parents can play an active educational role at home.Unplugged CT activities should be designed more for the home settings in addition to school settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Considerable evidence suggests that students' achievement emotions are important contributors to their learning and success online. It is, therefore, essential to understand and support students' emotional experiences to enhance online education, especially under the COVID‐19 context. However, to date, very few studies have investigated how students' achievement emotions might be affected by teaching and learning factors in online learning environments. Objectives: Based on Pekrun's (2006) control‐value theory of achievement emotions, this study examined the influence of students' perceived online teaching quality and appraisals of control and value on their achievement emotions in an online second language (L2) learning context instigated by the COVID‐19. Methods: Data were collected using an online survey of 1503 undergraduates from ten universities across different regions of China. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to test the validity of the instruments and structural equation modelling were conducted to examine the relations between L2 teaching and learning variables. Results and Conclusions: Results revealed that perceived teacher internet and communication technology competence had positive effects on enjoyment, but negative effects on anxiety and boredom, and these effects were fully mediated by perceived control and/or value. Perceived chaotic teaching structure (CTS) had reverse effects for the three emotions. Perceived CTS effects on enjoyment and anxiety were fully and partially mediated by perceived control, respectively. Takeaways: Online teaching quality is critical for students' appraisals and emotions towards L2 learning. Teachers should strive to improve online teaching quality and design interventions targeting students' perceived control and value to temper their affective experiences associated with the crisis‐prompted online teaching practices. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Teachers' internet and communication technology (ICT) competence and pedagogical design can enhance students' e‐learning efficacy, motivation and interests.Students' perceived control and value can influence their achievement emotions in online learning.Teacher's ICT competence and pedagogical design can impact students' emotions in online learning. What this paper adds: Perceived teacher ICT competence and chaotic teaching structures can have differential impact on students' perceived control and value for e‐learning.Perceived control and intrinsic value differently mediated the effects of the two teaching factors on students' emotions for e‐learning.Perceived teacher ICT competence and chaotic teaching structures can have both direct and indirect effects on students' e‐learning emotions via perceived control and value. Implications for practice and/or policy: Teacher training and development programs should prepare teachers for varying teaching formats including unplanned online teaching due to a forced switch to remote teaching.Teachers should acquaint themselves with using various online platforms and software to communicate the goals, expectations, structures and requirements of their language lessons to students' in a clear manner.Online language teaching interventions aiming to increase or decrease a specific emotion could directly target specific combinations of teaching characteristics and appraisals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security of natural gas supply and demand has always been an important topic, and as a result, analyzing and predicting the supply and demand of natural gas has received considerable attention from researchers. Numerous studies have extensively researched the supply and demand of natural gas. The main purpose of this study is to explore the supply‐demand balance mechanism for natural gas security. A system dynamics model is constructed to assess the supply and demand of natural gas in Sichuan Province, China. A new system dynamics model based on domestic gas, production gas, ecological environment and natural gas supply is proposed. The study considers four scenarios: natural development, economic priority development, environmental priority development and coordinated development. The results show that the rapid economic development has led to an excessive environmental carrying capacity, a larger gap between natural gas supply and demand, a decline in the quality of life of residents, and even affected the energy security of Sichuan Province and China. The findings also show that people's overprotection of the environment can lead to slow economic development, which prevents it from achieving its desired goals. The coordinated development scenario in this paper not only ensures the production of natural gas and the quality of life of residents, but also is an optimal scheme with low energy consumption and pollution. According to the research conclusions, considering the overall situation of China's energy security and the situation in Sichuan Province, the author proposes reforms from the supply and demand sides of natural gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The industrial sector is China's major element of energy consumption and carbon emissions, and carbon emissions reduction in industrial parks has become an important foothold in carbon reduction work. Predicting the future evolution trend of carbon emissions in industrial parks under different policy orientations is of great significance for China to achieve the carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Based on the current status of electricity consumption and carbon emissions in industrial parks, this paper takes a light industrial park as the research object, analyzes the source of carbon emissions in this park, combines the characteristics of resource endowment and industrial structure, and considers the factors influencing society, load curve, energy supply and carbon sink, thus constructing a system dynamics model of carbon emission evolution for this park. Different influencing factors are selected to set multiple target scenarios, and the GDP, carbon emissions, carbon emissions reduction and near‐zero carbon evaluation coefficient of light industrial parks are used as characterization indicators for simulation analysis. The analysis results revealed that the comprehensive scenario set by increasing the maximum installed capacity of renewable energy units and raising the proportions of environmental and science and technology inputs while adjusting the industrial growth rate of the park performed best. In this scenario, the economic development of the park and the process of carbon emissions reduction are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the primary causes of maternal death. Although many studies have reported maternal VTE, no study has estimated the incidence of it in China. Objectives: The aim of this work was to estimate the incidence of maternal VTE in China and to compare the risk factors for it. Search strategy: The authors searched eight platforms and databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to April 2022, with the search terms "venous thromboembolism" AND "puerperium (pregnancy)" AND "incidence" AND "China." Selection criteria: Studies provide data to calculate the incidence of maternal VTE among Chinese patients. Data collection and analysis: The authors made a standardized table to collect data and calculated the incidence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), founding source of heterogeneity by subgroup analysis and meta‐regression and judging publication bias by funnel plot and Egger test. Main results: The included 53 papers with a total sample size of 3 813 871 patients had 2539 cases of VTE, and the incidence of maternal VTE in China was 0.13% (95% CI, 0.11–0.16; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The trend in the incidence of maternal VTE in China is stable. Cesarean section and advanced age are associated with a higher incidence of VTE. Synopsis: This meta‐analysis reveals the incidence of maternal VTE in China is 0.13% and the trend is stable. Cesarean section is a critical risk factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term laminopathies refers to a group of congenital diseases characterized by accelerated degeneration of human tissues. Mutations in LMNA, LMNB, ZMPSTE24, and other genes lead to structural and functional abnormalities associated with lamins. One subtype of laminopathy is the generalized lipodystrophy‐associated progeroid syndrome (GLPS), which occurs in patients with heterozygous mutations of the LMNA gene c.29C>T(p.T10I). This paper reports the first case of GLPS in China and compares the clinical features of other GLPS patients with literature reports. A 16‐year‐old male patient was treated for diabetic ketoacidosis, presenting with premature aging appearance, systemic lipodystrophy, severe fatty liver, and decreased bone density. After peripheral blood DNA extraction and second‐generation sequencing, a heterozygous mutation of exon 1 of the LMNA gene c.29C>T(p.T10I) was detected. This case of GLPS may provide a diagnostic and therapeutic basis for potential patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional studies show that political connections have significant distributional effects. Yet, the means by which political connections affect the distribution of economic resources has not been fully investigated. This paper examines the role of political connections in the allocation of government procurements in China by combining quantitative and qualitative evidence. For quantitative analysis, we focus on a specific type of political connections, namely revolving‐door recruitment. A unique dataset between 2016 and 2020 based on the contract‐level transaction records of government procurements and the resumes of listed firms' board members and executives is established. The results suggest that firms establishing political connections by recruiting former government officials acquire more government procurements in the connected jurisdictions. Complementing with qualitative analysis from two publicly reported judicial cases, we show that political connections exploiting the loopholes in procurement institutions, including manipulating procurement methods, setting up restrictive requirements, and intervening in the process of expert evaluation, drives the allocation of government procurements. The results demonstrate that political connections exploit the loopholes in the context of weak institutions to benefit companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The White Paper on Chinese population policy, entitled "Family Planning in China," was issued by the Chinese Information Office of the State Council on August 23, 1995. The population problem is an important question that touches upon the survival and development of the Chinese nation, the success or failure of China's modernization drive as well as the coordinated and sustained development between the population on one hand and the economy, society, resources and environment on the other. It is a natural choice that the Chinese government has made to implement family planning, control population growth and improve the life quality of the population a basic state policy on the basis of a wish to make the state strong and powerful, the nation prosperous and the people happy. In the 1960s, the country's population entered its second peak birth period. From 1962 to 1972, the annual number of births in China averaged 26.69 million, totaling 300 million. In the practice of carrying out family planning programme, whilst persistently proceeding from its reality and taking into full account and observing principles and regulations concerning population and family planning formulated by international institutions and organizations, the Chinese government has gradually set up guiding principles, policies, measures and methods that reflect the basic interests and various rights and interests of the people and has continuously improved these as the actual situations change, so as to better safeguard the right to subsistence and development of the Chinese region.

Food production is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. China, as a rapidly developing economy, contributes to an unsustainable food system as its consumption of animal products and meat has continued to grow in recent decades. Using the extended theory of planned behavior as the conceptual framework, this paper examines factors influencing consumers' intention to purchase sustainable food in China. To this end, a population‐based face‐to‐face survey was conducted with 2422 respondents in five provinces spanning the north and south of China. The results showed that the traditional constructs of behavioral attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and the additional construct of perceived quality are significant in inducing such intentions. This paper suggests that to enhance consumers' willingness to shift to sustainable food consumption, appropriate regulation and monitoring framework is needed to increase consumers' trust toward sustainable food. The government can also cooperate with the media, experts, and social media opinion leaders to ensure that messages on sustainable development are promoted in effective ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equipment maintenance decision is a very critical technology in power grid asset management. The traditional maintenance decision focuses on the analysis of the operation performance of the equipment itself, but lacks the analysis and description of the fuzziness of power equipment outage parameters. Therefore, this paper establishes the reliability assessment model based on equipment health condition monitoring, which makes the maintenance decision transition from equipment level to system level, and the fuzzy mathematics theory is introduced to establish a model describing the fuzziness of equipment failure rate parameter to make system reliability assessment and equipment maintenance decision scheme. Firstly, this paper proposes a fuzzy failure rate model of power transformer based on condition monitoring. Then the fuzzy parameters are combined with the conventional probabilistic reliability assessment method to establish the fuzzy probability hybrid reliability assessment model of the transmission system, and the fuzzy maintenance reliability benefit index is defined and deduced. Finally, a maintenance strategy of transformer based on fuzzy probability hybrid reliability assessment and fuzzy set theory is proposed, and the case study is carried out on a regional power grid in East China. The results show that the proposed model provides an improved maintenance strategy of power equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subjective well‐being is a crucial index measuring the mental health of medical staffs, and it is necessary to examine the changes in subjective well‐being (SWB) level of Chinese medical staffs with time. A cross‐temporal meta‐analysis was performed using papers that measured the SWB level of Chinese medical staffs between 2004 and 2020. Moreover, a time‐lag analysis was conducted to define whether the macro‐social indicators can explain the changes in SWB. A total of 47 papers were included in the final sample. The results revealed that score of SWB was significantly negatively correlated with the year. Score of SWB was significantly associated with six social indicators of economic condition (the residents' consumption level, housing prices, and old‐age dependency ratio), social connectedness (the divorce rate and the urbanization level), and overall threat (the crime rate), which indicated that social change may account for the decline of Chinese medical staffs' SWB level. Our study revealed a decreasing trend of Chinese medical staffs' SWB level over time, which was associated with macro‐social changes in diverse areas. In addition, combined with the corresponding macro‐social indicators, a three‐dimensional theoretical framework is proposed to explain the SWB for medical staffs as a group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inquiry‐based learning is a salient instructional approach to cultivate students' higher order thinking skills (HOTS). With the presence and advancement of new technologies, their usage for inquiry learning in university context is increasingly ubiquitous. However, in most circumstances, college students cannot integrate technologies to their inquiry learning in efficient ways or their abilities to use technologies are not good enough. Previous studies found that intrinsic motivation (IM), peer interaction (PI) and classroom connectedness (CC) were key factors to influence students' approaches to using technologies from the personal, behavioural and environmental perspectives. Objectives: This study investigated the influence of these three essential learning factors (IM, PI and CC) on students' HOTS and the mediate influence of deep approach to using technologies (DAUT) between these learning factors and HOTS in the technology‐enhanced open inquiry‐based learning context. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 80 university students who had studied with the technology‐enhanced open inquiry‐based learning approach. The partial least squares method was employed to investigate the relationships among learning factors, DAUT and HOTS. Results and Conclusions: Results showed that CC and PI were positively directly related to HOTS. DAUT was a significant mediator between two (i.e., IM and PI) of the three learning factors and HOTS. The findings of the study have practical implications for instructors, indicating that they should pay attention to students' IM and PI in deepening their approach to using technologies as well as to improve students' HOTS in technology‐enhanced open inquiry‐based learning. Lay Description: What Is Already Known About This Topic: Inquiry‐based learning is considered to be a salient instructional approach to cultivate students' higher order thinking skills (HOTS).Technologies usage in inquiry learning is ubiquitous in university context.In most cases, college students are not able to integrate technologies in their inquiry learning in effective ways. What This Paper Adds: This paper proposed a research model that explains and predicts the mediating influence of deep approach to using technologies on the association between learning factors and HOTS in the technology‐enhanced open inquiry‐based learning context.The mediating effect of approaches to using technologies between learning factors and HOTS was identified.Two of the three learning factors (peer interaction and classroom connectedness) had direct effect on HOTS.Deep approaches to using technologies variable significantly mediates two of the three learning factors (peer interaction and intrinsic motivation) and HOTS. Implications for Practice or Policy: Instructors should pay attention to students' intrinsic motivation (IM) and peer interaction in order to deepen their approach to using technologies.Instructors should pay particular attention to peer interaction and classroom connectedness when conducting technology‐enhanced open inquiry‐based learning activities to improve college students' HOTS.Students' interest improvement and IM in using technologies, the integration of technologies and open inquiry‐based learning activities could be discussed and decided by both the instructor and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature often analyzes the effects of horizontal relationships on collaborative governance, though some scholars have started to recognize the role of hierarchical interventions. This paper identities two poorly examined areas of study. First, there is a lack of empirical studies to understand the diverse impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative governance. Second, there is little deliberation on how existing horizontal relationships can moderate the effects that hierarchical interventions have on collaborative governance. This paper utilizes environmental collaboration data from the Yangtze River Delta region in China to estimate the impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative arrangements and the contextual effects of horizontal relationships. We find that hierarchical interventions, such as top‐down regulations and performance evaluation, enhance the formalization of collaborative arrangements. Additionally, horizontal relationships derived from past experiences can moderate the effects of hierarchical interventions, notwithstanding such effects vary among different interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the impact of solar energy on the carbon footprint, to find effective measures to reduce the carbon footprint and slow global warming as soon as possible, this paper takes 30 provinces in China as an example. First, the inter‐regional input–output model is used to calculate the carbon footprint of each province. Then, the panel quantile regression model is used to investigate the impact of solar energy generation on different quantiles of carbon footprint. The results show that from 2012 to 2020, China's carbon footprint is at a high level, which is not conducive to the achievement of the goal of peaking carbon dioxide emissions. The eastern region has the highest carbon footprint, followed by the western region, the central region has the lowest carbon footprint, and its carbon footprint proportion continues to decline. The increase of solar energy generation can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of high quantile location, but has no significant impact on the carbon footprint of the middle and low quantile locations. Except for the negative impact of afforestation area on carbon footprint, the others control variables are all positive. Therefore, to reduce the carbon footprint of China, it is necessary to upgrade solar technology, increase solar energy generation, reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and the share of coal consumption, strengthen forestry management and reduce reliance on private vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]