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The context of this paper is family situations where young people are experiencing significant behavioural and emotional problems. Based on a qualitative study, it offers an empirical and theoretical contribution to the understanding of family‐related factors that promote or hinder behaviour change. Data were collected through face‐to‐face, semi‐structured group interviews with nine families (28 participants), all of them mandatory recipients of child welfare services in Croatia. Thematic analysis comprised primary coding designed to elicit information about individual family members' capacity for change and secondary coding of family‐level phenomena. The results indicated 10 phenomena that were judged to represent factors that helped or hindered change. The discussion section suggests three broad categories of capacity to change at family level (Goals and Priorities; Problem solving dynamics; and Development of role relationship). This analysis is offered as the basis for an examination of the concept of family capacity for change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Objective: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is the term used for a group of genetic skin fragility disorders. For those living with EB, pain represents a constant challenge, with blistering and tasks such as changing dressings, adding to the distress. This paper focuses on describing and exploring the health‐care needs of children, adults and families who are affected by EB. The specific aim of the paper is to identify the needs of the EB population with a view towards informing the development of a community liaison service to support adults living with EB and the parents/carers of children living with EB. Setting and Participants: Interviews with six adults and the parents of eight children with EB were conducted. The data were analysed thematically. All participants were resident on the island of Ireland and are therefore reflecting on services in this geographic region. Results: Participants' needs were grouped into five themes: support managing physical health‐care issues; access to community/home‐based services; EB‐specific information and psychosocial support; effective interaction with health‐care professionals; and advice regarding benefits and entitlements. Discussion and Conclusions: This article represents the health‐care needs and preferences of a broad spectrum of those with EB, highlighting the need for a comprehensive service regardless of the severity of the condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Siblings are key actors in the social network of young people in care. This paper explores young people's perceptions of changes in the quality of sibling relationships and the pathways relationships follow during the transition from the biological family into care. A thematic analysis of interviews with young Norwegian people (n = 25) in care showed that, in the biological family, sibling relationships are characterized by alliances, parentification, conflicts or nonexistence. After admission to child welfare services care, sibling relationships developed along multiple pathways. Their sibling relationships reshaped into either close and supportive, conflictual or completely broken relationships. Sibling relationships were dynamic, complex, with the pathway, and its impact on well‐being, being unique to each young person. Sibling relationship quality in the biological home did not predict relationship quality after admission to child welfare services. The implications for social worker practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to report the findings of the consultation rounds with former patients and health care professionals to inform the design of a qualitative study. We aimed to understand stakeholders' views regarding the relevance of a proposed study looking at the impact of patients witnessing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on other patients in hospital, the appropriateness of the proposed methodology and ethical aspects. We conducted an online survey (n = 22) and telephone interviews (n = 4) with former patients linked to the British Heart Foundation charity and a focus group (n = 15) with hospital health care professionals involved in cardiopulmonary resuscitation activities. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The consultation rounds provided valuable advice on three major themes: conceptual aspects, methodological aspects and practical suggestions. The conceptual aspects were related to the relevance of the proposed study, the emotional impact for participating patients and how the social interaction among patients could influence the witnessing experience. Methodological advice included recruitment strategies and data collection methods such as the use of individual and focus group interviews, the timeframe of interviews with patients and the topics of the interview guides. In the third theme, practical suggestions were provided, such as strategies to advertise the study, improving the public's and participants' engagement throughout the study process and disseminating the findings. Overall, the study proposed in this consultation was considered relevant and worthy by patients and health care professionals to raise awareness and generate new evidence on an unconsidered aspect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and of patients' hospital experience. These stakeholders' consultation rounds constituted a valuable exercise to design high‐quality research based on a shared vision among researchers, service users and clinicians. They also provided pragmatic advice to inform critical care practice to support patients witnessing cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with negative mental and physical health consequences. Neighbourhood police officers (NPOs) are thought to be well placed to identify and support children experiencing ACEs. Within this paper, we describe a qualitative exploration of an initiative deployed by a large UK police force which aimed to aid early identification of young people with ACEs using police data and provide subsequent support given by NPOs. A thematic analysis was conducted using transcripts from three focus groups of NPOs, supplemented by questionnaires. Key themes identified in both sets of data offer reflections for policing and other public service provision seeking to target on the basis of ACEs, including: limitations in the usefulness of police data to identify childhood adversity; challenges using the ACEs framework as a means to target such 'early intervention'; and debates regarding the appropriate role of the police in supporting young people in adversity. Prior to replication of this intervention elsewhere, there are several points to consider: whether police data alone are sufficient in identifying ACEs; ensuring clarity regarding the role of the public sector agencies in such intervention; and determining an apt measure of success for the scheme. Key practitioner messages: Modelling using only police data can provide insight into the population of children who may have suffered from ACEs but may not provide significant opportunities for early interventionThere is a clear need for defining the role of UK police forces in the delivery of early interventionIt is evident that multi‐agency working/data sharing is crucial to preventing the duplication of referrals and interventions conducted with young people who have experienced ACEs 'There is a clear need for defining the role of UK police forces in the delivery of early intervention' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Value chain interventions have become widespread throughout the international development sector over the last 20 years, and there is a need to evaluate their effectiveness in improving women's welfare across multiple dimensions. Agricultural value chains are influenced by socio‐cultural norms and gender dynamics that have an impact on the distribution of resources, benefits, and access to opportunities. While women play a critical role in agriculture, they are generally confined to the least‐valued parts of the value chain with the lowest economic returns, depending on the local, social and institutional contexts. Objectives: The review assesses the effectiveness of approaches, strategies and interventions focused on women's engagement in agricultural value chains that lead to women's economic empowerment in low‐ and middle‐income countries. It explores the contextual barriers and facilitators that determine women's participation in value chains and ultimately impact their effectiveness. Search Methods: We searched completed and on‐going studies from Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection (Social Sciences Citation Index [SSCI], Science Citation Index Expanded [SCI‐EXPANDED], Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science [CPCI‐S], Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Social Science & Humanities [CPCI‐SSH], and Emerging Sources Citation Index [ESCI]), International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, EconLit, Business Source Premier, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane, Database of Systematic Reviews, CAB Abstracts and Sociological Abstracts. We also searched relevant websites such as Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers (CGIAR); the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD); AgriProFocus; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF); Donor Committee for Enterprise Development; the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO); the International Labour Organisation (ILO); the Netherlands Development Organisation; USAID; the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; the International Food Policy Research Institute; World Agroforestry; the International Livestock Research Institute; the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office; the British Library for Development Studies (BLDS); AGRIS; the IMMANA grant database; the 3ie impact evaluation database; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J‐PAL); the World Bank IEG evaluations; the USAID Development Data Library; Experience Clearinghouse; the proceedings of the Agriculture, Nutrition and Health Academy conference; the proceedings of the Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE) Conference; the proceedings of the North East Universities Development Consortium (NEUDC) Conference; and the World Bank Economic Review. The database search was conducted in March 2022, and the website search was completed in August 2022. Selection Criteria: The review includes value chain interventions evaluating the economic empowerment outcomes. The review includes effectiveness studies (experimental and non‐experimental studies with a comparison group) and process evaluations. Data Collection and Analysis: Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data, critically appraised the studies, and synthesised findings. Results: We found that value chain interventions are successful in improving the economic conditions of their intended beneficiaries. The interventions were found to improve women's economic outcomes such as income, assets holdings, productivity, and savings, but these effects were small in size and limited by low confidence in methodological quality. The meta‐analysis suggests that this occurs more via the acquisition of skills and improved inputs, rather than through improvement in access to profitable markets. The qualitative evidence on interventions points to the persistence of cultural barriers and other constraints. Those interventions implemented in Sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia are consistently more successful for all outcomes considered, although there are few studies conducted in other areas of the world. Conclusions: The review concludes that value chain interventions empower women, but perhaps to a lesser extent than expected. Economic empowerment does not immediately translate into empowerment within families and communities. Interventions should either moderate their expectations of empowerment goals, or they should be implemented in a way that ensures higher rates of participation among women and the acquisition of greater decision‐making power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Indigenous women experience high rates of family violence‐related head injuries. At present, lived experience accounts from Indigenous women are absent, which results in incomplete understandings and inadequate responses that have detrimental impacts on them and their families. The aim of this study was to gain insight into Indigenous women's personal and family perspectives regarding violence‐related traumatic brain injury (TBI), including impacts on life, as well as decision‐making processes about healthcare access and engagement. Methods: Purposeful sampling was used to complete semi‐structured interviews with 18 Indigenous women living in regional and remote Australia who had experienced TBI from family violence. The data from these interviews were augmented by data from interviews and focus groups with 28 community members, including family members or carers of Indigenous women living with TBI from family violence. Results: Three themes were conceptualised based on the data and research aims: interweaving of the past and the present—ways women experience brain injury; factors that inform decision‐making to access healthcare; and managing everyday changes that result from TBI from family violence. Indigenous women described living with a range of symptoms following repeated head injuries including problems with memory, cognition and concentration. A range of strategies to manage long‐term symptoms of TBI were used by Indigenous women and when they did seek healthcare, Indigenous women were required to navigate a range of barriers. Conclusions: The findings identify a range of gaps in healthcare and housing supports for Indigenous women with TBI from violence, highlighting the significant investment needed to develop responsive and appropriate pathways of care in regional and remote areas. A range of suggestions are discussed including development of a specialised workforce who can provide apppropriate follow‐up support, co‐designed concussion clinics and educational resources. TBI must also be a key aspect of policy and practice for services working with Indigenous women who have experienced violence to ensure appropriate responses are provided. Public or Patient Contribution: Indigenous women shared their views and experiences of TBI from family violence as well as decision‐making about accessing healthcare and managing TBI symptoms. As such, study participants provided public contributions to the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this three‐study paper was to develop and validate the Perceived Social Influence in Sport Scale‐2 (PSISS‐2) that aimed to resolve the limitations of PSISS‐1 in assessing the relative social influence of significant others in youth sport. In Study 1, a pool of 60 items generated from revisiting a qualitative dataset about significant others of young athletes were examined by two expert panel reviews in terms of content validity, clarity, coverage, and age‐appropriateness, leading to the development of 16 items of the PSISS‐2. In Study 2, multi‐group exploratory structural equation model for PSISS‐2 was conducted among 904 young athletes, and the results supported a model comprising positive influence (ie, conditional and unconditional positive influence combined), punishment (ie, conditional negative influence), and dysfunction (ie, unconditional negative influence) as three factors. The goodness of fit of the three‐factor model was acceptable and invariant across the coach‐, father‐, mother‐, and teammates‐versions of PSISS‐2. In support of the criterion validity of PSISS‐2, the three factors explained substantial variance of young athletes' perceived competence, effort, enjoyment, and trait anxiety in sport. Study 3 examined the relationship between PSISS‐2 factors, psychological need support, and controlling behaviors in a subsample of 452 young athletes, and the findings supported the concurrent validity and discriminant validity of the scale. In conclusion, the data are supportive of PSISS‐2. The three factors of the scale (ie, positive influence, punishment, and dysfunction) may form a new framework for understanding and comparing the relative role of significant others in youth sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper presents the findings of an exploratory study on parenting in the midst of suspicion of child sexual abuse (CSA). Data were drawn from in-depth interviews with 19 parents. Five of these had been accused of CSA. Study methods followed guidelines of grounded theory approaches. Specific parenting conditions during CSA suspicion were identified. Six analytic categories were developed: uncertainty concerning abuse, dilemmas on protection, changes in parent-child relationships, changes in the natural support network, dependency upon professional competence and severe emotional strain. The results are suggested as a tool for identifying themes in order to support and strengthen parenting in ensuring the safety and well-being of children in these kinds of situations. The current paper contributes to the field by exploring the perspectives of both suspected and non-suspected parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policy makers in Sweden and other European Member States pay increasing attention as to how best support working carers; carers juggling providing unpaid family care for older family members while performing paid work. Exploring perceived benefits and challenges with web-based information and communication technologies as a means of supporting working carers' in their caregiving role, this paper draws on findings from a qualitative study. The study aimed to describe working carers' experiences of having access to the web-based family care support network 'A good place' ( AGP) provided by the municipality to support those caring for an older family member. Content analysis of interviews with nine working carers revealed three themes: A support hub, connections to peers, personnel and knowledge; Experiencing ICT support as relevant in changing life circumstances; and Upholding one's personal firewall. Findings indicate that the web-based family care support network AGP is an accessible, complementary means of support. Utilising support while balancing caregiving, work obligations and responsibilities was made easier with access to AGP; enabling working carers to access information, psychosocial support and learning opportunities. In particular, it provided channels for carers to share experiences with others, to be informed, and to gain insights into medical and care issues. This reinforced working carers' sense of competence, helping them meet caregiving demands and see positive aspects in their situation. Carers' low levels of digital skills and anxieties about using computer-based support were barriers to utilising web-based support and could lead to deprioritising of this support. However, to help carers overcome these barriers and to better match web-based support to working carers' preferences and situations, web-based support must be introduced in a timely manner and must more accurately meet each working carer's unique caregiving needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This paper explores the experiences of older German Australians, with a focus on their support needs and preferences in later life. Methods Data were collected through qualitative semi-structured interviews. Data analysis incorporated a systematic concept matrix approach to content analysis. Results The findings of the study indicate that older German Australians have adapted well to the Australian way of life. Their high English language proficiency allowed them to source services without the barrier of language often reported in studies of older migrants. They did not show high interest in ethno-specific services. Conclusion Few studies have been conducted on older German Australians, and none focuses specifically on their experience of ageing in Australia. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on older migrants and, specifically, on those for whom language is not necessarily a major obstacle to obtaining aged care information or services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The views and opinions of people who use mental health services are being increasingly acknowledged in relation to rights-based, socially-inclusive, and recovery-oriented care. However, little is known of the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender ( LGBT) people in this respect. The aim of the present study was to explore the experiences and needs of LGBT people in relation to mental health services. The study was an exploratory design utilizing mixed methods. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a survey instrument ( n = 125) and in-depth semistructured interviews ( n = 20) with a sample of people who had completed the survey. This paper will report on the findings from the interview data. The data were thematically analysed, and the main themes that emerged included accessing services, treatment choices, mental health service experiences, and other supports. The findings inform the discussion, and recommendations are made in terms of future mental health practice, education, and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the experiences of Nigerian nurses in research and scholarly endeavours. Design: Descriptive phenomenological qualitative study design. Method: In‐depth interviews were conducted among 30 nurses until data saturation was reached. Data were analysed using the thematic analysis method, and consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines (COREQ) were adhered to in reporting this study. Results: Three themes emerged: (1) challenges of nurses with research; (2) the state of nursing research in Lagos state; (3) strategies to improve the state of nursing research in Lagos state. Some challenges nurses in Lagos State encounter with research include heavy workload and nursing shortage due to brain drain, faulty research foundation, lack of continuing education in research and the stressful nature of conducting research in Lagos. Conclusion: As research is essential in addressing healthcare challenges, policymakers are encouraged to employ more nurses to reduce the workload and provide time for research activities. Training and continuing education in research can be incorporated into professional development programmes. Lagos State will benefit from nursing research units in the hospitals, and a coordinating centre for the units should be provided with adequate funding. Support could be obtained from the Institute of Nursing Research Nigeria in establishing these structures. Hospital management should embrace and welcome research output from nurses and ensure such results are implemented to improve patients' care. Nurses who excel in research might be recognised with awards and other incentives to inspire their peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Health Organization encourages mental health services to adopt a strategic intersectoral approach by acknowledging the potential of the arts and the value of culture on the process of mental health recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of participatory arts in museums on mental health recovery. A quasi‐experimental, pre‐post and multicentre study was carried out. By using a mixed methods evaluation at baseline and at 3 months, quantitative outcome measures were used to assess the changes in recovery and social support and qualitative interviews to explore the self‐perceived impact on five processes of recovery. One hundred mental health service users participated for 3 years in the face‐to‐face programme RecuperArte, of which the data of 54 were analysed. The results indicate a significant increase in recovery measured with the QPR‐15‐SP (42 vs. 44; p = 0.034) and almost significant in functional social support measured with the DUKE‐UNC (41.50 vs. 43.50; p = 0.052), with almost large (r = 0.29) and medium (r = 0.26) effect sizes, respectively. Participants perceived mostly an impact on the recovery process of Meaning in life 30/54 (55.56%), Hope and optimism about the future 29/54 (53.7%) and Connectedness 21/54 (38.89%), followed by Identity 6/54 (11.11%) and Empowerment 5/54 (9.26%). The findings contribute to the growing evidence of the potential of the arts as a therapeutic tool, the value of museums as therapeutic spaces and the role of nurses in intersectoral coordination, between the mental health and cultural sectors, as facilitators and researchers of these evidence‐based practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study explored the views of an international sample of registered nurses and midwives working in health and social care concerning socially assistive robots (SARs), and the relationship between dimensions of culture and rejection of the idea that SARs had benefits in these settings. Methods: An online survey was used to obtain rankings of (among other topics) the extent to which SARs have benefits for health and social care. It also asked for free text responses regarding any concerns about SARs. Results: Most respondents were overwhelmingly positive about SARs' benefits. A small minority strongly rejected this idea, and qualitative analysis of the objections raised by them revealed three major themes: things might go wrong, depersonalization, and patient‐related concerns. However, many participants who were highly accepting of the benefits of SARs expressed similar objections. Cultural dimensions of long‐term orientation and uncertainty avoidance feature prominently in technology acceptance research. Therefore, the relationship between the proportion of respondents from each country who felt that SARs had no benefits and each country's ratings on long‐term orientation and uncertainty avoidance were also examined. A significant positive correlation was found for long‐term orientation, but not for uncertainty avoidance. Conclusion: Most respondents were positive about the benefits of SARs, and similar concerns about their use were expressed both by those who strongly accepted the idea that they had benefits and those who did not. Some evidence was found to suggest that cultural factors were related to rejecting the idea that SARs had benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale, Aims, and Objectives: While paediatric clinician‐scientists are ideally positioned to generate clinically relevant research and translate research evidence into practice, they face challenges in this dual role. The authors sought to explore the unique contributions, opportunities, and challenges of paediatric clinician‐scientists, including issues related to training and ongoing support needs to ensure their success. Method: The authors used a qualitative descriptive approach with thematic analysis to explore the experiences of clinician‐scientist stakeholders in child health (n = 39). Semi‐structured interviews (60 min) were conducted virtually and recorded. Thematic analysis was conducted according to the phases outlined by Braun and Clarke (2006). Results: The analysis resulted in the creation of three themes: (1) "Walking on both sides of the fence": unique positioning of clinician‐scientists for advancing clinical practice and research; (2) the clinician‐scientist: a specialized role with significant challenges; and (3) beyond the basics of clinical and research training programmes: essential skill sets and knowledge for future clinician‐scientists. Conclusions: While clinician‐scientists can make unique contributions to the advancement of evidence‐based practice, they face significant barriers straddling their dual roles including divergent institutional cultures in healthcare and academia and a lack of infrastructure to effectively support clinician‐scientist positions. Training programmes can play an important role in mentoring and supporting early‐career clinician‐scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore how patients with neurological disease experienced a COVID‐19 visitor ban and to identify ways of improving the quality of care. Background: In March 2020, a temporary visitor ban was introduced in Danish hospitals to reduce the spread of COVID‐19. This led to changes in clinical practice, leaving patients without their loved ones beside them. Since neurological patients are already considered vulnerable due to physical, and sometimes cognitive impairment, we urgently wished to investigate these circumstances to facilitate appropriate support. Design: This study was conducted using a qualitative explorative design. Methods: Fourteen patients with neurological disease were interviewed using a semi‐structured interview guide. Data were analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Results: For most patients, being hospitalized during the COVID‐19 visitor ban was a painful experience with the potential to negatively influence both their mental and physical health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most perinatal research relating to COVID‐19 focuses on its negative impact on maternal and parental mental health. Currently, there are limited data on how to optimise positive health during the pandemic. We aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by exploring how women have adapted to becoming a new parent during the pandemic and to identify elements of resilience and growth within their narratives. Mothers of infants under the age of 4 months were recruited as part of a wider UK mixed‐methods study. Semi‐structured interviews with 20 mothers elicited data about how COVID‐19 had influenced their transition to parent a new infant, and if and how they adapted during the pandemic, what strategies they used, and if and how these had been effective. Directed qualitative content analysis was undertaken, and pre‐existing theoretical frameworks of resilience and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) were used to analyse and interpret the data set. The findings show evidence of a range of resilience and PTG concepts experienced during the pandemic in this cohort. Salient resilience themes included personal (active coping, reflective functioning, and meaning‐making), relational (social support, partner relationships, and family relationships), and contextual (health and social connectedness) factors. There was also evidence of PTG in terms of the potential for new work‐related and leisure opportunities, and women developing wider and more meaningful connections with others. Although further research is needed, and with individuals from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, these findings emphasise the significance of social support and connectivity as vital to positive mental health. Opportunities to increase digital innovations to connect and support new parents should be maximised to buffer the negative impacts of further social distancing and crisis situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Families and significant others have an important role in helping young people cope with depression, but lack of support undermines coping. In this paper, we present the views of young people with depression about the role of family and significant others in assisting them to cope with their illness. An interpretative phenomenological analysis study was undertaken using semistructured, audio-recorded interviews with 26 young people diagnosed with depression. The findings present two contrasting themes in the data, which reflect the young people's views about the influence of families and significant others in helping them cope with depression. The first, being supportive, highlighted how families and significant others helped through patience, tolerance, understanding, and encouragement; all of which strengthened young people's resilience as they attempted to cope with depression. The second theme, being unsupportive, showed how, in the young people's view, family conflict and change, and living in an unsupportive environment, compromised their ability to cope with depression. The findings suggest that mental health nurses, other clinicians, and primary care practitioners need to increase families' and significant others' understandings of depression and their capacity to support young people in these circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Postpartum depression is a worldwide public health issue that can have long‐term impact on the family. It is crucial to evaluate intervention program to help new parents cope with the stress of parenthood to reduce the risk of postpartum depression. The aim of this study was to explore the perceived benefits of the couple‐based psychoeducation to first‐time Hong Kong Chinese parents, and the crucial factors influencing the effectiveness of this program underpinned by the concept of process evaluation. Method: Using an exploratory qualitative design, a purposeful sample of 27 couples who had participated in the program were interviewed at 1‐3 months postpartum. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews and analysed by thematic analysis. Findings: The findings showed that the parents perceived the program to be useful in enhancing their parenting skills and emotional control, and increasing their sense of support. The effectiveness of the program was facilitated by (a) the predisposing factors such as couple‐based approach to enhance mutual expectation and shared decision making when experiencing and managing challenges, and telephone follow‐up calls to sustain the continuity of care from hospital to the community, (b) the enabling factor for instance, the time of intervention arranged in non‐working hour, and (c) reinforcing factor namely involvement of midwives during program implementation and telephone follow‐up consultation. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest the potential of the couple‐based psychoeducation to support first‐time parents in taking care of their children and controlling their emotions in this critical transition. The program could be integrated into maternal and child care services on a regular basis, and thus accessible to all first‐time parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Active engagement in seeking maternal health information among women of reproductive age is vital in promoting positive health‐seeking behaviour and improving maternal health outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to explore maternal health information‐seeking behaviour of women of reproductive age in a rural Tanzania. Methods: Using a qualitative research approach, the study held eight focus group discussions to collect data from a group of purposively selected women respondents. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. Results: Women need a range of maternal health information for their informed health decision making. However, while they indicated the need to seek that information from professional health providers, they received most of it from non‐professional and informal sources, including community health workers, traditional birth attendants and their family members. The use of these sources is attributed to, among other factors, unavailability of health facilities and limited access to professional health care. Conclusion: Access to relevant and reliable maternal health information is essential in creating awareness and empowering women to make informed decisions about their reproductive health. Women's use of informal sources to meet their various information needs increases the chances of receiving unreliable information that may result in coming up with poor decisions making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the benefits of monthly family team meetings for parents involved with child welfare. Findings are shared from semi-structured, qualitative interviews conducted with 17 parents whose children had been placed in substitute care. While much of the scholarship on family meetings focuses on opportunities for family voice, this study found that parents received multiple benefits from meetings including, but not limited to, the opportunity for input into decision-making. Specifically, parents appreciated receiving information and feedback, encouragement, and a range of other supports from members of the team. Meetings also facilitated communication and improved the coordination of services and other efforts by team members. Notably, parents reported that regular meetings helped to hold caseworkers and other providers accountable regarding their activities and duties related to the case, often resulting in better follow through. Parents and their advocates were also able to use meetings to push child welfare to respond in a timely way to parents' progress. These findings should be viewed as preliminary evidence of how a particular model of family meetings might work and thereby expand our understanding of what family team decision meetings can do to improve parents' experiences and child welfare outcomes more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months (u6m) is increasingly recognised as a global public health problem. The World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for inpatient nutritional rehabilitation of infants u6m is re‐lactation: the re‐establishment of exclusive breastfeeding. Evidence suggests these guidelines are rarely followed in many low‐income settings. Two studies of infant nutritional rehabilitation undertaken in three public hospitals in coastal Kenya employed breastfeeding peer supporters (BFPSs) to facilitate WHO guideline implementation. To explore the acceptability of the strategy to health workers (HWs) and the BFPSs, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 HWs and five BFPSs in the three study hospitals. The HWs reported that the presence of the BFPSs changed the way infant nutritional rehabilitation was managed, increasing efforts at relactation and decreasing reliance on supplemental milk. BFPSs were said to help address staff shortages and had dedicated time to support and assist the mothers. Key to the success of the BFPSs was the social relationships they were able to establish with the mothers due to the similarity in their experiences and backgrounds. Despite the success of the BFPSs, human resource management and infrastructure challenges remained. BFPSs can successfully be employed to facilitate the implementation of the WHO guidelines for the nutritional rehabilitation of acutely malnourished infants u6m in hospitals in Kenya, establishing supportive social relationships and trust with the mothers of the acutely malnourished infants and helping to address the issue of human resource shortages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are common in student populations and present formidable challenges as to how best to treat and support these young people, especially at points of transition. Yet research exploring these challenges is lacking, particularly from the perspective of those providing treatment and support. Methods: A qualitative design was used to explore clinicians' perspectives of supporting students with EDs. Twelve clinicians from a large ED service in the United Kingdom participated in one‐to‐one semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Facilitators and barriers to supporting students with EDs fell into four overarching themes: Health System, University, Patient and Carer Factors. Reported facilitators were; ED service awareness, flexibility and resources, university as a motivator, and carer support. Reported barriers were; poor links and communication between institutions, the primary care system, poor university provision for and awareness of EDs, young people's denial and ambivalence, inconsistent implementation of guidelines, and carer anxiety. Conclusions: The findings revealed challenges unique to the university transition, including the need for more collaborative working between healthcare and education institutions, improved training of non‐specialised ED professionals, and the benefits of a flexible, adapted ED treatment approach specifically tailored to the unique needs of students with EDs. Highlights: Emerging adults are increasingly being recognised as having unique developmental needs relative to adolescence—this study confirms these suggestions, and highlights the need for distinct treatment approaches for students with eating disordersFindings reveal a need to improve joint‐working and open communication between institutions, and institutions and families, to facilitate more consistent monitoring and support for students with EDs in two localitiesFindings also emphasise the need to enhance ED training for all non‐specialist health professionals and university staff, to ensure prompt detection, sign‐posting and management of students with EDsThe value of carers in the university transition is sometimes overlooked—involving carers in the preparation phase of the university transition for emerging adults with EDs is essentialUniversity can be a motivator in recovery for some students with EDsED service flexibility and psychoeducation resources may support students with EDs during their transition to universityAddressing how ED treatment may best be adapted to meet the unique development needs of emerging adults at university remains an avenue for future research. Simultaneous exploration of other ED treatment team, healthcare professional, university professional, carer and student's with EDs perspectives would be beneficial [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mothers with cognitive limitations who have children in placement need to be listened to and to receive help in understanding and dealing with their situation. A support programme for this group was developed in Australia and then adapted for use in a Swedish context and named 'Mamma Trots Allt' (MTA). The aim was to examine the experiences of these mothers regarding their mothering role after participation in MTA. An explorative and qualitative design was used. Inclusion criteria were mothers with cognitive limitations, a child in placement and participation in MTA. Nine mothers, eight of them from a previous study, gave their informed consent to participate. A study‐specific interview guide was adapted to people with cognitive limitations. The interviews took place after the final MTA session. The qualitative analyses resulted in a description of the mothers' experiences and how they changed after MTA, resulting in an overall theme, two subthemes, four categories and 11 subcategories. MTA facilitated the mothers' maturation and broadened their earlier, stereotypic life expectations. Offering a support programme benefits not only the mother but most likely the child as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: This study investigated older adults' experiences of using the Appetitus app with support from healthcare professionals. Background: Good nutrition status is important for good health when ageing. However, as undernutrition remains a prevalent and persistent problem among older adults, the study explored whether technology affords innovative support for nutritional self‐care among older adults. Design: The study was explorative and qualitative in approach. Methods: Appetitus was developed as a tablet‐based application to prevent and alleviate undernutrition among older adults. Eighteen home‐dwelling older adults used the app for 8 weeks. Older adults received home care, and local healthcare professionals introduced the app and gave support during the study. Results: Appetitus served as a source of inspiration and a reminder of available, relevant food options. Appetitus encouraged some participants to eat or drink more by the end of the day while others became more aware of selecting food options to ensure sufficient protein, energy and fluids. However, some participants made no active effort to change their diet despite feedback from the app that suggested they did not eat or drink enough. Technical support from healthcare professionals facilitated participants' use of the app and tablet. Some participants also received more specific nutritional follow‐up that helped to make their experience of using the app more meaningful. Conclusion: Older adults' awareness about the importance of keeping a diet that helps prevent undernutrition was reinforced through the use of Appetitus and discussing nutrition with healthcare professionals. Implication for practice: The findings affirm feasibility of using technology in nutritional interventions enhancing self‐care among older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are the psychosocial support needs of prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing active surveillance (AS)? The preferred management strategy for low‐risk PCa (LR‐PCa) is AS. Patients remain under close surveillance to monitor disease progression. However, living with untreated disease has psychosocial implications. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychosocial support needs in PCa patients undergoing AS. According to Marzouk (2018) 30% of patients risk developing anxiety during the first year of AS. Parker (2015) and Tan (2016) suggest approximately 10% of AS‐patients request a change to active treatment, often based on anxiety. Pickles (2007) states that psychosocial support can effectively reduce anxiety and uncertainty. A literature based interview guide was used to conduct 17 semi‐structured interviews following an explorative qualitative approach. LR‐PCa patients, eligible for AS, were enrolled from two participating Dutch urology clinics experienced with AS. Written informed consent was obtained. Inclusion ended after attaining data saturation. The interviews were transcribed verbatim. NVIVO 10 was used for open coding. Participants expressed recurring uncertainty and anxiety caused by medical examinations, lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction. Various effective and ineffective coping strategies were adopted by participants. The use of specific strategies was associated with patient‐physician relationship, locus‐of‐control and disease‐acceptation. Ineffective coping strategies seemed to impede resilience during stressful situations. Satisfactory decision‐making and disease‐acceptation were promoted by immediate availability of relevant, reliable information regarding disease characteristics and treatment options. Early‐stage reliable and relevant information, assessment and encouragement of effective coping strategies appear to be important psychosocial support needs during AS. Most participants in this study had spousal support and completed higher education. Future research should determine the generalizability of these findings in a more heterogeneous population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A new legal capacity act was introduced in Ireland in 2015. This study aimed to identify and critically examine key issues in the area of decision‐making capacity from the perspective of psychologists working with adults with an intellectual disability. Methods: A qualitative exploratory approach was employed, and the study was positioned in a social constructionist framework. Purposive and snowballing sampling methods were used to recruit 15 clinical psychologists working with adults with an intellectual disability. Data were collected with the use of individual semistructured interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed using a model of thematic analysis. Results: Six themes were identified: (1) a presumption of capacity but a culture of incapacity, (2) supporting decision making as a process, (3) authenticity of decision making, (4) need for support and training, (5) contributions of psychology and (6) the way forward. Conclusions: Participants described that people with intellectual disabilities were often excluded from decision‐making processes. They welcomed the functional approach to decision making, considered substituted decision making to be necessary within a support framework and described supporting decision making as a process. Systemic, resource and attitudinal challenges were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It has been suggested that the mental health impacts of living with long‐term conditions are greater in young adulthood compared to older adulthood, due to greater disruption to identity and routine life events. Objectives: To explore the impact of living with long‐term conditions in young adulthood on mental health and identity, and what helps living well with these conditions. Methods: Fifteen in‐depth interviews with young adults with various conditions were conducted and analysed thematically. Results: Themes related to the impacts on mental health and identity include the following: negative mood and depression; anxiety and fear for the future; and identity as 'ill'/abnormal compared to former self and 'normal' others. Themes related to suggestions for addressing negative impacts include the following: promotion of positive thinking; support reaching acceptance with altered identity and limitations (through stages of denial, anger, depression, then acceptance); and more professional mental health support. Discussion: In order to promote mental health and a positive sense of self/identity, young adults with long‐term conditions should be offered advice and support on positive thinking; the long and difficult process of reconstructing identity; and reaching acceptance. This is particularly important for young adults for whom the identity reconstruction process is more complex and psychologically damaging than for older adults, as this life stage is associated with health/vitality and illness represents a shift from a perceived normal trajectory to one that appears and feels abnormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Families of children with hearing loss must make a number of decisions during the transition from diagnosis of hearing loss to enrolment in early intervention and thus require a wealth of information and support. This study aimed to investigate families' needs during this period and explore how these needs might differ for families of children with hearing loss who have additional disabilities. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study incorporating semistructured in‐depth interviews and thematic analysis was used. A total of 28 participants from two groups were involved: (a) family members of children with hearing loss (n = 17) and (b) professionals who support these families during the transition period from diagnosis of hearing loss to enrolment in early intervention (n = 11). Results: Analysis of qualitative data revealed four major themes: (a) families require information that meet their specific needs; (b) families require supportive professionals to "walk the journey" with them; (c) some families want to connect with other families who "are in the same boat"; and (d) professional support needs differ for children with hearing loss who have additional disabilities. Conclusions: Families and professionals in this study identified a wide range of family needs during the transition to early intervention. The results highlighted the importance of providing individualized services and considering families' needs when providing family‐centred services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Critical care consensus groups recommend providing bereavement support; however, little is known about what cardiac intensive care patients' families would find useful and beneficial in their grieving process. Aim and objectives: To describe cardiac intensive care unit (ICU) patients' families' opinions on six common components of a bereavement programme. Design: Qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. Methods: Families were recruited from a cardiac ICU 13‐15 months after their loved one's death. Families were interviewed using a semi‐structured questionnaire. The research team analysed interview transcripts to assess and categorize families' opinions on six bereavement components. Results: Twelve family members were interviewed. Most were female (n = 8, 67%), spouses (n = 10, 83%) and white (n = 10, 83%), with a mean age (SD) of 58.4 years (16.7). Families' overall opinions of the bereavement brochure were positive, stating it was helpful in providing information about the grieving process. Families described the sympathy card as "meaningful" and "touching," although they rated it neutral in providing comfort. Most participants felt that a follow‐up telephone call was unnecessary except to answer lingering questions they had. Many participants favoured the unit offering counselling services because they found therapy helpful in their grieving process. Participants had mixed feelings about a memory box; they believed it was an individual preference and should be handled in a sensitive manner. Most would not have attended a memorial service if offered because of traffic, distance, concerns about stressful feelings on returning to the hospital or because they already honoured their loved ones through a personalized memorial service. Conclusions: Participants varied in their opinions about what bereavement services may be useful; however, this study provides insight about services that cardiac critical care units may consider when adding bereavement support. Relevance to clinical practice: Family perspectives about bereavement needs can help structure services offered by critical care units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With improved survival rates in critical care, increasing focus is being placed on survivorship and how best to support patients in returning to their former activity. Little is known about what support patients themselves view as important, and this has implications for the efficacy and acceptability of services provided. Objectives: To describe former critical care patients' perspectives on the support needed to optimize recovery. Study design: This is a qualitative exploratory study of the experiences of support received by critical care survivors. Research methodology: Semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 12 critical care survivors recruited from a charity and a patient and public involvement group. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis to describe patterns in the participants' experiences. Findings: Four themes of support were described: effective management of transfer anxiety, tailored information provision, timely access to services and a supportive social network. Conclusion: Survivors of critical care should be equipped with information about their critical care stay, ongoing health issues and recovery and should be provided with holistic care at home. Critical care follow up was an effective way of meeting many of these needs, but this needs to be flexible to be useful to attendees. Peer support groups (face‐to‐face and online) provided information, reassurance, a social network and an avenue for those who had longer‐lasting problems than current services provide for. Relevance to clinical practice: Whilst there are commonalities in the problems faced by critical care survivors, recovery is highly individualized, and current support services do not have sufficient flexibility to cater for this. This study shows that many survivors experience after‐effects of critical care that outlast the support they are given. These longer‐term survivors are often excluded from research studies because of fears of recall bias, resulting in poor understanding of their experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how, in the words of Appadurai, “locality emerges in a global world” (Appadurai, 1996, p.18). Specifically, it articulates the nature of information practices in the lives of 14 newcomers to Canada who have migrated from the Philippines to the medium‐size city of Winnipeg. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, this study applies a transnational lens to this area of research to make explicit the detailed activities and outcomes of newcomer information practices, in particular drawing out the dimensions and implications of newcomers' participation within and across local and global social networks, translocal information landscapes, and across their settlement trajectories. The result is a Translocal Meaning Making process that describes how newcomers come to make sense and use information across distinct and sometimes contradictory information spaces. Our findings suggest that migrant information practices shift across space and time and are constituted both individually, through cognitive and affective processes, and socially, through shared imaginaries, through interactions within and across translocal information landscapes, and through complex deterritorialized networks of people and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, stroke is the leading cause of death and disease burden. While post‐stroke studies have been conducted, they excluded survivors and caregivers from underserved communities. It can be argued that the impact of stroke on survivors and caregivers from underserved communities may be greater. Using qualitative exploratory research design, the purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of post‐stroke recovery and readjustment among stroke survivors and stroke caregivers from an underserved community. Two separate focus groups were conducted, one each for stroke survivors and caregivers. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Finding meaning in life is the general theme of stroke survivors' and stroke caregivers' journey of post‐stroke recovery and readjustment. For stroke survivors, the transition to stroke recovery required time, life goal reconfiguration, willpower, humor, and network support. Post‐stroke caregiving is a daily navigation and negotiation influenced by internal and external processes. Personal, economic, and socio‐cultural nuances play a role in how post‐stroke recovery is lived and experienced. Study findings highlight the importance of policies to support family‐centered and system‐level advocacy in post‐stroke care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Obsessive compulsive disorder ( OCD) can be hugely disabling. Although very effective psychological treatments exist, many people delay years before seeking help or never seek treatment. There have been clinical observation and short questionnaire studies on why people delay, but little qualitative research exists on this complex subject. The present qualitative study aimed to identify the barriers to seeking treatment and the factors that encourage or push people to seek help for their OCD (positive and negative enablers). Design A qualitative, exploratory study using in-depth, individual, semi-structured interviews was conducted by a researcher with personal experience of OCD. Methods Seventeen people with OCD, contacted through the charity OCD- UK, were interviewed about the factors that impacted on their decision to seek help or not. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Barriers identified were stigma, 'internal / cognitive' factors, not knowing what their problem was, factors relating to their GP or treatment, and fear of criminalisation. Positive enablers identified were being supported to seek help, information and personal accounts of OCD in the media, and confidence in their GP. Negative enablers were reaching a crisis point and for some participants (whose intrusive thoughts were about harming children) feeling driven to seek treatment because of the nature of the thoughts, that is, seeking help to prevent the 'harm' they feared they were capable of doing. Conclusions Participants identified a range of barriers and enablers that impacted on their decision to seek help or not. These give important indicators about the likely causes for delayed help seeking in OCD and ways in which people might be encouraged to seek help earlier. Practitioner points People with OCD may face a wide range of barriers to seeking help, including concern about the reaction of health professionals., The level of awareness, kindness, and understanding shown by first-line practitioners can be very important to those seeking help., Acknowledging a person's journey prior to seeking help is likely to foster trust between therapist and patient., Some barriers to seeking help, for example, fear of criminalisation, may continue to have an important effect afterwards unless sensitively explored and understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article was to establish registered nurses experiences of discussing sexuality with urinary catheter patients. A urinary catheter is used to provide drainage for those people who are unable to drain their bladder independently. Urinary catheters can cause issues with sex, sexuality and body image. This is a qualitative research study using thematic concept analysis to review data. The study used semi‐structured interviews that were audio‐taped during 2015. Nine community nurses participated in this study. Four themes emerged: the importance of the nurse–patient relationship, peer support and role models, maintaining professionalism and lack of experience, training and knowledge. The nurses reported barriers that they felt discouraged them from discussing sexuality, such as their own lack of knowledge, discussing sexuality with older people, nurse embarrassment and causing patient embarrassment. Nurses at all levels were reluctant to discuss issues relating to a patients' sexuality, and they were often uncomfortable doing so. Further training is required for nurses in supporting urinary catheter patients with sexual quality of life. Nursing assessments that allow sexuality to be assessed as part of any holistic nursing assessment are needed in practice. More acknowledgement of older urinary catheter users' sexual quality of life is required by nurses. It is the responsibility of the nurse to address any issues relating to a patients' sexuality with a urinary catheter as part of holistic care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1 is a relatively common, untreatable and invariably fatal neuromuscular disorder of early childhood. Psychosocial care is vital in management of families affected by this disease. There are few studies examining the impact of having a family member with a neuromuscular disorder, and none describing parents' experiences of having a child with SMA type 1. This study explored parents' perspectives of having a child with SMA type 1, from diagnosis to bereavement, in order to inform clinical practice by identifying aspects most meaningful to parents and to aid development of support strategies.Methods: This qualitative study undertook thematic analysis of 11 in-depth interviews with 13 bereaved parents of children with SMA type 1.Results: While individuals' experiences were unique, common themes emerging from the data include: experiencing shock and anticipatory grief, processing feelings of responsibility and helplessness, experiencing multiple losses including the loss of future reproductive freedom, feeling supported, regaining a sense of control by making decisions about the child's life and death, and finding peace in the dying process.Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the care of such families, including psychosocial support beginning from the time of diagnosis and continuing to bereavement. We suggest areas for further exploration, with a goal to develop family-centred and evidence-based psychosocial care guidelines to complement the current Standards of Care for Spinal Muscular Atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intensive care of children means not only caring for a child; it means care for the whole family. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe parents' experiences of having a critically ill child in an intensive care unit (ICU). Participants: A purposive sample of seven parents who had their child treated in an ICU during 2012 in Sweden. Design: The design uses an inductive, qualitative approach with data collected by means of qualitative interviews. Methods: The interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in one theme: the desire of parents to be involved and present, with four categories such as wanting to understand and know what is happening, feeling frustration about their child's care and treatment, a health care environment that arouses emotions, and needs for support and processing. Conclusion: It is of great importance to parents to be informed continuously about their child's condition and the care and treatment that are planned. This may increase parents' sense of ownership, control and security. Relevance to clinical practice: Providing answers to those questions that can be answered and being available to parents when they have questions about their critically ill child, the meaning of it all, and what the future will hold are suggested in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to obtain perspectives from key stakeholders to inform the development of Australian national guidelines for a palliative approach to aged care in the community setting. Methods: A descriptive, exploratory qualitative design was used. Sampling was purposive. Data were collected during audiotaped, semistructured, individual and focus group interviews that addressed the need for the guidelines and aimed to identify practice areas for inclusion. Thematic analysis was undertaken. Results: Interviews were conducted across Australia and included 172 participants: health-care providers, consumers, volunteers and researchers/educators. Themes emerging from the data were: Provision of a Palliative Approach in Community Aged Care, Carer Support, Advance Care Planning, Physical and Psychological Symptom Assessment and Management, Psychosocial Support, Spiritual Support, Issues for Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People, Older People from Diverse Cultural and Language Groups, and Clients with Special Needs. Conclusion: Findings underpinned development of new guideline documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This study explored special education teachers' perceptions of the role of nurses who specialize in providing nursing care to children who are technology-dependent in mainstream schools. Methods Semistructured interviews with 11 teachers were conducted, and data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results The teachers surveyed thought that the most important role of nurses was to maintain good health and safety, as well as to support children's education as members of the educational team. Teachers desired that nurses give advice based on their professional knowledge to maintain the children's good health and safety. In supporting education, nurses were required to support the children's autonomy and education, and to act as members of the educational team. Conclusion Study findings suggest that, for an optimal relationship with teachers, nurses who provide nursing care for children who are technology-dependent in mainstream schools need not only fulfill medical functions, but also support the education of children as members of the educational team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction In earlier research as well as in political discussion and documents, the topic of evidence has been highlighted as one of the most important concerns in nursing care. This study focuses on understanding what lies behind nurses' ways of acting regarding evidence-based nursing through an illumination of the way they perceive the phenomena. Aim The aim was to identify and describe the different ways municipal care nurses perceive aspects of working with evidence when nursing frail older adults. Methods An explorative design with a phenomenographic approach based on interviews with nurses working with home-based care within the municipality was used in order to gain understanding of nurse's perceptions of the phenomena. Results Findings revealed that the nurses perceived a variety of aspects when working with evidence when nursing frail older people. Aspects with a spectra of different perceptions shown in the analysis were as follows: Evidence-based nursing as a desired intention/mission, lack of practical supporting structures to apply evidence, lack of confidence in own capacity to apply evidence and a belief that it will work anyway. Conclusions Findings reveal that it is a challenge to implement research both on an individual as well as on an organisational level. Understanding the contextual perceptions of evidence by nurses can cast light on the barriers as well as the prerequisites of working with evidence while caring for frail older adults in municipal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims This article aims (a) to get insight into intensive care nurses' most critical work-related incidents, (b) their reactions and coping and (c) perceived support, in a Dutch intensive care unit. Background Research about the impact of critical incidents has largely been aimed at ambulance and emergency nurses; knowledge about intensive care nurses in this respect is scarce. Persistent stress reactions after critical incidents may cause symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety. Unresolved problems may also cause poor behaviour towards patients. In response, nurses reduce work hours or even resign. Social support alleviates emotional problems, but little is known about actual support perceived. Design This study is a qualitative explorative study. Method Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews was performed among a purposive sample of 12 intensive care nurses in a university hospital in The Netherlands. Findings Four main themes have been identified in critical incidents: high emotional involvement in patient-related incidents (in contrast to major life-threatening events as such), avoidable incidents, sub-standard patient care and intimidation. Themes discerned in nurses' reactions after critical incidents were physical reactions, emotional reactions and cognitive/behavioural reactions. After critical incidents, nurses talked with colleagues, friends or relatives, but would have appreciated additional support. Conclusions Incidents under emotionally demanding circumstances are among the most difficult situations, but may not be recognized as critical incidents by colleagues. Both adequate and inadequate coping strategies, with long-lasting problems after critical incidents, were reported. Feelings of anger, shame and powerlessness, may have hindered recovery. Talking to colleagues was perceived to be helpful, but intensive care nurses' need for support was insufficiently met. Relevance to clinical practice Managers should acknowledge the effects of critical incidents on intensive care nurses and take preventive measures: reducing critical incidents, improving open communication, imposing a buddy-system for collegial support, and timely evaluating the necessity of professional help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To identify the perceived needs of Saudi families of patients in Intensive Care in relation to their culture and religion. Background Admission of a family member to an intensive care unit ( ICU) is a deeply distressing and often unexpected life event to the family. Families of critically ill patients have needs that should be acknowledged and met by the ICU team. Literature is virtually silent on the issue of recognizing the ICU family needs in relation to the influence of their cultural values and religious beliefs. Design A descriptive exploratory qualitative study. Method Individual, semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample of 12 family members were carried out between November 2011 and February 2012. The closest family members were recruited to participate in the interviews with a mean age of 44·25 years in eight mixed medical-surgical ICUs of eight major trauma hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Results The family needs and experiences are described via six major themes: looking for information, maintaining reassurance, spiritual healing, maintaining close proximity, involvement in care and support not being facilitated. The results indicated that family members sought to access information readily to diminish their anxiety. They also needed to be reassured that the best care was being delivered to their loved one and to feel supported during this critical time. Saudi families have cultural and spiritual healing beliefs and practices including faith in God and that God is the ultimate healer, reading of the Qur'an, prayer and charity. These lessen their stress and connect them to hold on to hope. In addition, maintaining proximity to their ill family member was considered of the greatest importance to the families. Conclusion The study provided an in-depth understanding of the family members' experience of having a relative in Intensive Care and focussed on a range of unmet needs, particularly those related to culture and religion. The ICU team need to work collaboratively with family members to improve their experience. Relevance to practice The recognition of family needs, experiences and situations can enhance the care provided by the critical care team to patients and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research studies have begun to investigate the post-16 outcomes for young adults with a specific language impairment (SLI). As yet only tentative conclusions can be drawn with respect to academic and employment outcomes and the factors that are associated with more positive outcomes. Evidence for these findings has relied predominantly on associations between various language, academic and psychosocial assessments. Little attention has been paid to the perspective of the young person. Aims: To investigate from the perspective of a group of young people with a history of SLI the factors they believed have enabled and presented a challenge to their post-16 education and employment outcomes and experiences. Methods & Procedures: Nineteen (four female, 15 male) young people aged from 19 to 23 years (average age 21 years), who had all attended the same residential special school for pupils with SLI, were interviewed face to face to explore their views as to what had enabled and limited their transition experiences to date. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Outcomes & Results: The majority of the young people saw themselves as key agents of change and very active participants in steering their own transition since leaving school. They acknowledged the important role played by their parents and families and how factors such as SLI had affected their transition experiences. Conclusions & Implications: The study supports evidence from research with different groups of young people with special educational needs (SEN) and disabilities of the importance of school and post-16 curriculums which develop agency on behalf of the young person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aphasia affects family members in addition to the individuals with the communication disorder. In order to develop appropriate services for the relatives of people with aphasia post-stroke, their rehabilitation goals need to be identified. Aim: The aim of the current investigation was to identify the rehabilitation goals that family members of individuals with aphasia have for themselves. Methods & Procedures: Forty-eight family members of adults with aphasia post-stroke participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews to identify the rehabilitation goals they had for themselves. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Outcomes & Results: Analysis revealed seven categories of goals that the family members had for themselves: to be included in rehabilitation, to be provided with hope and positivity, to be able to communicate and maintain their relationship with the person with aphasia, to be given information, to be given support, to look after their own well-being, and to be able to cope with new responsibilities. A few participants reported that, at certain times during the rehabilitation process, they did not have any goals for themselves. Conclusions & Implications: This study highlights that family members of individuals with aphasia have a number of aphasia-related rehabilitation goals for themselves. In order to provide a family-centred approach to rehabilitation, health professionals, including speech-language pathologists, need systematically to identify and address family members' goals in light of the categories revealed in this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A qualitative interview study was undertaken to determine the information and support needs of carers of adults who have Down’s syndrome and dementia. The data were analysed thematically. Carers’ information and support needs were seen to change at pre-diagnosis, diagnosis and post-diagnosis. Helping carers to manage the changing nature of the adult with dementia is seen to be an essential part of the health professional’s role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]