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Neurological disorders are a point of attraction these days due to their physical, mental, and genetic threat to human beings. The researchers are refining the therapeutics and striving to eradicate the life‐threatening burden of chronic diseases by upsurging and proposing advanced instrumentation. There are a number of neurological diseases that cause alterations in the genetic sequences due to pathogenic or self‐negligence. According to the WHO, stroke, septicemia, PD, epilepsy, and MS are found to be the deadliest and most invading among millions of people. Various diagnostic methods are employed for monitoring these disorders in the human body at an early stage, in process of cure. The current review highlights the strengths of several advanced detection devices, such as biosensors to identify and quantify biomarkers, some sensing gadgets, and other genetic tactics or innovations to ameliorate traditional protocols. Furthermore, the meticulous description of ongoing experiments with the help of relevant case studies of neurodegenerative disorders supports the impact and vitality of advanced equipment. Further, the necessity of biosensors in distinct disorders to aid in an early diagnosis, and the influence of nano‐based materials in preparation is emphasized. Finally, several issues that should be addressed in upcoming decades with the steep rise in analytical technology have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a challenging liver disorder because it can present with a range of phenotypes, mimicking almost every other hepatic disease, and lacks specific biomarkers for its diagnosis. Hence, a confident DILI diagnosis is seldom possible as it relies on the precise establishment of a temporal sequence between the exposure to a given prescription drug or sometimes hidden herbal product/over the counter medication as well as the exclusion of other aetiologies of liver disease. However, an accurate diagnosis is of most importance, as prompt withdrawal of the causative agent is essential in DILI management. Indeed, DILI can be severe and even fatal or in a fraction of cases evolve to chronic damage, but specific biomarkers for predicting mortality/liver transplantation or a chronic outcome in the very early phases of DILI are not yet available. In this article, we discuss the best diagnostic and prognostic approach of a DILI suspicion by judiciously choosing and interpreting the standard tests currently used in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]