6 results
Search Results
2. Job satisfaction among disabled people in the sheltered workshop: Differential analysis.
- Author
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Lukas, Jose Francisco, Lizasoain, Luis, Galarreta, Javier, and Etxeberria, Juan
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT of people with disabilities ,AGE groups ,COMMUNICATION ,DECISION making ,JOB satisfaction ,MENTAL illness ,PEOPLE with intellectual disabilities ,SEX distribution ,SHELTERED workshops ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper analyses job satisfaction and differences in factors affecting it among workers with an intellectual disability and mental illness (MI) depending on their work regime [special employment regime (SER) or occupational service (OS)]. To do so, answers were analysed from 874 participants on a Job Satisfaction Scale used in sheltered workshops in Spain. The results indicate that job satisfaction among workers with intellectual disability and MI in both the SER and the OS regimes is high, with the highest job satisfaction deriving from the Items of communicating problems to resolve them. The lowest levels of job satisfaction are related to the opportunity to take decisions and participate at work. In the majority of the Items analysed, no differences were found on the basis of the age groups considered nor the gender of the participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Changes in rural-urban sex ratio differences in the young professional age group as an indicator of social sustainability in rural areas: a case study of continental Spain, 2000-2010.
- Author
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Gurrutxaga, Mikel
- Subjects
SEX ratio ,RURAL-urban differences ,YOUNG workers ,AGE groups ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Unbalanced sex ratio in rural areas is currently an endemic problem in most western countries that needs to be addressed if socially sustainable rural development is to be achieved. Higher percentages of females migrating from rural areas to the cities have given rise to an unequal spatial distribution of the sex ratio along the urban-rural gradient. In this paper it is proposed that temporal changes in rural-urban sex ratio differences in the young professional age group who are mostly independent and living outside the parental home should be included as a relevant factor in the framework of multi-criteria monitoring of rural development policies. As a case in point, an analysis is carried out in continental Spain between 2000 and 2010 using the 30-39-year-old age group to focus on young people who for the most part have left the parental home. The overall results show that the sex ratio gap between rural and urban areas decreased during the decade in rural municipalities, independently of their size, which are contiguous to or at an intermediate distance from urban areas, as it did also in more remote medium-sized and large rural municipalities. The gap did not vary significantly in the case of smaller and more remote rural municipalities, though there were specific regional tendencies upward or downward. The method can be applied to other study areas at different spatial and temporal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. POLARIZATION AND HEALTH.
- Author
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Pérez, Cristina Blanco and Ramos, Xavier
- Subjects
INCOME inequality ,POLARIZATION (Social sciences) ,PUBLIC health ,SOCIAL conflict ,REGIONAL disparities ,POPULATION ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,AGE groups - Abstract
This paper examines the effect of income polarization on individual health. We argue that polarization captures much better the social tension and conflict that underlie some of the pathways linking income disparities and individual health, and which have been traditionally proxied by inequality. We test our premises with panel data for Spain. Results show that polarization has a detrimental effect on health. We also find that the way the relevant population subgroups are defined is important: polarization is only significant if measured between education-age groups for each region. Regional polarization is not significant. Our results are obtained conditional on a comprehensive set of controls, including absolute and relative income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Son Preference, Gender Discrimination, and Missing Girls in Rural Spain, 1750–1950.
- Author
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Marco‐Gracia, Francisco J. and Beltrán Tapia, Francisco J.
- Subjects
AGE groups ,DEATH rate ,CHILD mortality ,SEX discrimination ,SONS - Abstract
Relying on longitudinal microdata from a Spanish rural region between 1750 and 1950 (almost 35,000 life courses), this article provides evidence that discriminatory practices affected sex‐specific mortality during infancy and childhood. Although it is likely that families also discriminated against girls during the first year of life, female excess mortality was especially visible in the 1–5 age group. While breastfeeding seems to have temporarily mitigated the effects of gender discrimination, sex‐specific mortality rates behaved very differently once children were weaned. Parents, therefore, prioritized boys during infancy and childhood in the allocation of food and/or care in order to enhance their survival chances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Inequality in Mortality in Spain.
- Author
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González, Libertad and Rodríguez‐González, Ana
- Subjects
MORTALITY ,HEALTH equity ,AGE groups ,OLDER men ,OLDER women ,DEATH rate - Abstract
We analyse the evolution of mortality rates in Spain by age and gender between 1990 and 2018. We compare municipalities, ranked by socio‐economic status (SES) and grouped into bins of similar population size, to study changes not only in levels but also in inequality in mortality across the SES spectrum. We document large decreases in mortality rates throughout the period for all age groups, including children, even after 2000, and continuing after the Great Recession. These declines are stronger for boys and men, who had higher mortality rates to begin with. We find that inequality in mortality across municipalities was low among the young by 2018, while it was higher among adult men and older women. Inequality in fact increased over the period for older men. We explore the role of different causes of death and find that this increase in inequality is driven by stronger improvements in cancer‐related mortality among men living in richer areas. These improvements are not found among women, given their increases in mortality due to lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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