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This paper highlights the tight relationship between the picking and packing processes in warehouse management and the need to consider them as an integrated problem. The study describes and models this integrated problem as a mixed-integer programming model, to optimise overall labour costs by determining the assignment of the subsets of orders, i.e. batches, for picking and packing. To address the issue of model complexity, the paper presents a statistical-based framework for generating approximate models and selecting the optimal one through examination. Based on the examination results, a pair-swapping heuristic is additionally proposed to be combined as a hybrid algorithm. Numerical experiments based on a real-world case demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework-proposed and selected hybrid algorithm by comparison with other framework-proposed approximate models, a solver, and existing heuristics. Our findings indicate that the combined usage of integrated picking and packing processes planning and the hybrid algorithm proposed and selected within the statistical-based framework can effectively reduce the cost of warehouse management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractLow-rank approximation is a popular strategy to tackle the “big n problem” associated with large-scale Gaussian process regressions. Basis functions for developing low-rank structures are crucial and should be carefully specified. Predictive processes simplify the problem by inducing basis functions with a covariance function and a set of knots. The existing literature suggests certain practical implementations of knot selection and covariance estimation; however, theoretical foundations explaining the influence of these two factors on predictive processes are lacking. In this paper, the asymptotic prediction performance of the predictive process and Gaussian process predictions are derived and the impacts of the selected knots and estimated covariance are studied. The use of support points as knots, which best represent data locations, is advocated. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate the superiority of support points and verify our theoretical results. Real data of precipitation and ozone are used as examples, and the efficiency of our method over other widely used low-rank approximation methods is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (r ESWT) as an additional treatment modality for spastic equinus deformity in chronic hemiplegic patients. Methods: 100 eligible stroke patients with calf muscles spasticity were randomized into 2 groups. Group I: 50 patients exposed to rESWT 1.500 pulses, 0.10 mJ to 0.3mJ/mm2, with a frequency 4 Hz once weekly for one month. Group II: 50 patients exposed to Sham rESWT once weekly for one month. Clinical, electrophysiological & musculoskeletal ultrasound assessments were done for all patients. Results: After controlling baseline as covariate, the trend for modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Passive ankle dorsiflexion motion (PADFM), 10 meters walk test (10-MWT), and Ratio of maximum H reflex to maximum M response (H/M ratio) after one & two months was significantly different between the two groups, with improvement of all clinical and electrophysiological parameters in group I. Conclusion: ESWT represents a useful non-invasive, additional modality for the reduction of foot spasticity and equinus deformity in stroke patients. Implications for Rehabilitation: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy represents a useful non-invasive, additional modality for reduction of foot spasticity and equinus deformity in chronic stroke patients. The application of such a modality improves limb posture, range of motion, and muscle extensibility. Early extracorporeal shock wave rehabilitative intervention in stroke patients reduces fat infiltration and fibrosis replacement of spastic muscle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aims were to translate the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire (EDAQ) into Turkish, then test validity and reliability in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Turkey. Material and Methods: Phase 1: The EDAQ was forward and backward translated, culturally adapted following cognitive debriefing interviews with participants with RA (n = 10) and finalized by an expert committee. Phase 2: Participants (n = 215) completed a questionnaire including the EDAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and Short-Form 36 v1 (SF-36v1). Two weeks later, the EDAQ was again completed for test–retest reliability (n = 82:38%). Internal construct validity was assessed using Rasch analysis. Internal consistency, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability were assessed. Results: Following cultural adaptation, one item was removed, and examples increased or changed. Cronbach's α values were 0.71 − 0.93 for all EDAQ domains, that is, acceptable to good. The EDAQ met Rasch model requirements for fit (excellent construct validity: p > 0.05). Concurrent validity was moderate to strong for most EDAQ domains with HAQ (rs 0.49–0.81) and SF-36-v1 Physical Function (rs 0.42–0.70). There was excellent test–retest reliability for all domains (ICC (2,1): 0.95–1.00). Conclusion: The Turkish EDAQ is a valid, reliable measure of daily activity ability for use in practice and research with Turkish speakers with RA. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire provides a comprehensive evaluation of daily activity ability for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. The Turkish Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire is a valid, reliable patient-reported outcome measure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, who considered it easy to complete. The Turkish Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire is suitable for use in clinical practice and research to evaluate daily activity ability in people with rheumatoid arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) in adults with major congenital upper limb differences (CoULD) compared to able-bodied controls, and to examine associations of MSCs and disability with various biopsychosocial factors. Materials and methods: Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study assessing MSCs, disability (using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH)), general and mental health status, physical work demands, and upper extremity range of motion. Results: Seventy-one individuals with CoULD (participation rate: 41%) and 71 controls matched on age, gender, and education were included (49% female, mean age 28.9 years). Year prevalence of MSCs was significantly higher in the CoULD group (35%) than in the control group (18%). The CoULD group was less often employed and had lower scores on all measures of upper limb range of motion and hand grip. MSCs were associated with higher DASH scores and higher reported work demands. Disability was associated with female gender, more joints with limited range of motion, unemployment, and lower general and mental health. Factors associated with disability did not differ between groups. Conclusions: MSCs are a frequent problem in young adults with major CoULD. To prevent or reduce MSC and disability, clinicians and researchers should be aware of the associated factors. Implications for rehabilitation: The year prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) in those with major congenital upper limb differences (CoULD) was approximately double to that of the control group, implying a potential relationship between CoULD and MSCs. Rehabilitation professionals should develop personalized strategies to manage work demands in those with CoULD, considering the association between MSCs and higher reported work demands. Recognizing the impact of a negatively perceived body image on mental health, clinicians should integrate psychological counseling into rehabilitation treatments to support mental well-being and improve overall quality of life in those with CoULD. Rehabilitation professionals should educate individuals with CoULD about the potential associations between upper limb work demands, MSCs, and disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated whether anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test could be used to identify dynapenia. The cut-off values of accurate screening tools for identifying dynapenia were also established. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals ≥ 60 years old (N = 529). All participants underwent handgrip strength measurement, anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test. The participants whose handgrip strength was < 28 kg for men and < 18 kg for women were considered to have dynapenia. The association between the recorded variables and dynapenia was determined using logistic regression, and cut-off values were established by performing the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Results: The prevalence of dynapenia was 35.42% in men and 25.61% in women. For males, both calf circumference (≤ 35.2 cm) and the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 14.6 s) could be used as accurate tools for dynapenia. For females, only the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 11.8 s) had sufficient accuracy to be used as a screening tool for dynapenia. Conclusions: The five times sit-to-stand test was an accurate screening tool for identifying dynapenia. The calf circumference could be only used as a screening tool in males. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Calf circumference and the five times a sit-to-stand test can be used as accurate screening tools in males with dynapenia. Only the five times sit-to-stand test had sufficient accuracy in females with dynapenia. The optimal cut-off values established for older males and females are only applicable to the Asian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine associations between illness perception, also called illness cognitions or appraisals, disposition of passive coping, and symptoms of anxiety and depression, and to test whether passive coping mediates the associations between illness perception and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Materials and methods: Longitudinal, multicentre study. Participants were inpatients of spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. Measures included the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the Utrecht Coping List passive coping subscale (UCL-P), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Mediation was tested with the PROCESS tool. Results: The questionnaires were completed by 121 participants at admission and at discharge. Of them, 70% were male, 58% had a paraplegia, and 82% an incomplete lesion. Weak to strong (0.294–0.650) significant associations were found between each pair of study variables. The use of passive coping strategies mediated the associations between illness perception and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Symptoms of anxiety and depression were more frequent in people who have a threatening illness perception combined with a lower use of passive coping strategies. Therefore, it is advised that patients are screened and treated for threatening illness perception and high use of passive coping strategies during rehabilitation after SCI. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: For rehabilitation professionals it is recommended to screen inpatients with spinal cord injury (SCI) for illness perception and disposition of passive coping to identify those who may be more vulnerable for symptoms of anxiety and depression at admission. Inpatients with SCI who report a threatening illness perception in combination with a high use of passive coping at admission, have an increased risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression. For rehabilitation professionals it is recommended to repeat this screening to support careful planning of psychological (follow-up) treatment and coordination of care at discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For checking time series models, the Ljung–Box, Li–Mak and Zhu–Wang statistics play an important role, which use the Pearson's correlation coefficient to implement (squared) residual (partial) autocorrelation tests. In this paper, we replace the Pearson's correlation coefficient with a new rank correlation coefficient and propose a new test statistic to conduct diagnostic checks for residuals in autoregressive moving average models, autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity models and integer-valued time series models, respectively. We conduct simulations to assess the performance of the new test statistic, and compare it with existing ones, and the results show the superiority of the proposed one. We use three real examples to exhibit its usefulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In uncertain statistics, the uncertain maximum likelihood estimation is a method of estimating the values of unknown parameters of an uncertain statistical model that make the observed data most likely. However, the observed data obtained in practice usually contain outliers. In order to eliminate the influence of outliers when estimating unknown parameters, this article modifies the uncertain maximum likelihood estimation. Following that, the modified uncertain maximum likelihood estimation is applied to uncertain regression analysis, uncertain time series analysis, and uncertain differential equation. Finally, some real-world examples are provided to illustrate the modified uncertain maximum likelihood estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Bayesian estimates are derived for the location and scale parameters of the Laplace distribution based on complete, Type-I, and Type-II censored samples under different prior settings. Subsequently, Bayesian point and interval estimates, as well as the associated statistical inference, are discussed in detail. The developed methods are then applied to two real data sets for illustrative purposes. Moreover, a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out for evaluating the performance of the inferential methods developed here. Finally, we provide a brief discussion of the established results to demonstrate their practical utility and present some associated problems of further interest. Overall, this study fills an existing gap in the development of Bayesian inferential techniques for the parameters of the two-parameter Laplace distribution, making this research innovative and offering more investigative implications. It showcases the potential for broader methodological applications of Bayesian inference for complex real-world data sets, especially in scenarios involving different forms of censoring. This research provides a critical tool for statistical analysis in different fields such as engineering and finance, where the Laplace distribution is frequently adopted as a fundamental model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBayes factor, defined as the ratio of the marginal likelihood functions of two competing models, is the natural Bayesian procedure for model selection. Marginal likelihoods are usually computationally demanding and complex. This scenario is particularly cumbersome in linear mixed models (LMMs) because the marginal likelihood functions involve integrals of large dimensions determined by the number of parameters and the number of random effects, which in turn increase with the number of individuals in the sample. Power posterior is an attractive proposal in the context of the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms that allows expressing marginal likelihoods as one-dimensional integrals over the unit range. This paper explores the use of power posteriors in LMMs and discusses its behavior through three simulation studies and a real data set on European sardine landings in the Mediterranean Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formal coercion in psychiatry is widely studied, but less is known about informal coercion. Coercion is mostly viewed as a continuum, with formal coercion considered the most severe. The question of whether informal coercion might be perceived as even more severe remains unevaluated. We aimed to compare the perceived severity of formal coercion among psychiatric patients with four domains of severe informal coercion (finance, housing, criminal justice and child custody). A total of 456 psychiatric patients were evaluated using Rasch analysis and statistical implication analysis. All four domains of severe informal coercion were found to be more severe than formal coercion, with coercion involving child custody perceived as the most severe. The perceived seriousness of severe informal coercion may be a counter-example to the idea of a ‘continuum of coercion’. The degree of severity of formal and informal coercion may not correspond to the lived experiences of the patients concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the rate of a.) the total and b.) specific psychiatric comorbidities among the three severity ratings for Anorexia Nervosa (AN): DSM-5, ICD-11 and overvaluation of weight and shape (OWS). The sample comprised 312 treatment-seeking patients with AN (mean age = 26.9). Weight and height were taken at intake to calculate BMI, the foundation for the DSM-5 and ICD-11 severity indices. The EDE-Q was used to assess OWS, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was conducted to assess psychiatric comorbidities. For the DSM-5, the mild severity group showed a higher total number of psychiatric comorbidities, especially for panic, social anxiety, generalised anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders compared to the severe and extremely severe groups. ICD-11 and OWS severity groups did not significantly differ in total comorbidities, except for major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorders being more prevalent in the "significantly low BMI" ICD-11 group. The high OWS group displayed a notably higher rate of major depressive disorder than the low OWS group. The study underscores inconsistent patterns across the three severity systems, emphasising the need to recognise the current limitations of the assessed severity classification systems in AN assessment and guiding treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muscularity-oriented disordered eating (MODE) is a novel class of eating behaviors characterised by abnormal dietary alterations aimed towards building lean muscle. Although traditionally shown to affect men, emerging evidence suggests that increasingly more women are striving for the muscular and lean ideal, resulting in engagement of MODE behaviors. Prior research examining MODE in women is limited, yet emerging evidence from cross-sectional studies have established associations between MODE and poor mental health indices in this population. However, the temporal order of these associations in women is not yet known. Thus, the current study examined possible bi-directional associations between MODE behaviors and common mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, loneliness). Adult women completed online study measures at baseline (Time 1 [T1]; n = 1760) and three-month follow-up (Time 2 [T2]; n = 1180). Cross-lagged panel models were computed to test for possible bi-directional relationships between MODE and the relevant mental health constructs. Findings showed that higher MODE levels at T1 significantly predicted increased depressive and anxiety symptoms (but not loneliness) at T2, and loneliness at T1 (but not depression/anxiety) significantly predicted MODE at T2. Effect sizes were small, so findings should be interpreted with this in mind. This is the first study to establish temporal relationships between MODE and mental health outcomes in adult women. Findings suggest that clinicians may benefit from inquiring about MODE behaviors for proper screening, assessment, and intervention, and potentially addressing loneliness to decrease risk of MODE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: U.S. military veterans may be reluctant to disclose suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Suicide-specific cognitions, which generally avoid direct mention of suicide, may be reliable indicators of risk among those reluctant to disclose such thoughts and behaviors. Methods: Data from a population-based, cross-sectional study of 2,430 U.S. military veterans were analyzed to examine the associations between the Brief Suicide Cognitions Scale (B-SCS), suicidal ideation, and suicide planning. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, number of adverse childhood experiences, cumulative trauma burden, depressive symptom severity, and lifetime history of suicide attempt, total scores on the B-SCS (excluding the item mentioning suicide) were uniquely associated with suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15–1.32) and suicide planning (OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.18–1.37). Exploratory post-hoc analyses revealed that difficulties with solving and coping with one's problems were uniquely linked to these outcomes. Conclusions: Assessment of suicide-specific cognitions may help to enhance suicide detection and prevention in veterans, especially in those who may not directly disclose thoughts of suicide. Intervention efforts to bolster perceived deficits in coping and problem-solving may help mitigate suicide risk in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to examine the relationship between body image and the meaning of life among women with breast cancer. The analytic sample included 142 women with breast cancer, and data were collected using a standardized questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. We used Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Pearson test, Spearman and Mann–Whitney U test to determine the relationship between the research variables. We found an association between the mean score of body image and the mean score of the meaning of life. As the average score of body image increases, the score of the meaning of life increases (p < 0.05). Findings indicated that the body image score increases by increasing the score of the meaning of life and its dimensions, especially existential vacuum and acceptance of death. Future research and targeted treatments should consider the role of body image in shaping the meaning of life among women with breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Studies analyzing postures and mobility of the thoracic spine in the context of cervicogenic headache are missing. Insight in these parameters is needed since the cervical and thoracic spine are biomechanically related. Objective: To compare self-perceived optimal and habitual postures, active-assisted maximal range of motion, and repositioning error of the upper-thoracic and lower-thoracic spine between a cervicogenic headache-group and matched healthy control-group before and after a 30 min-laptop-task. Methods: A non-randomized longitudinal design was used to compare thoracic postures and mobility between 18 participants with cervicogenic headache (29–51 years) and 18 matched healthy controls (26–52 years). Outcomes were: self-perceived optimal and habitual postures, active-assisted maximal range of motion, and repositioning error of the upper-thoracic and lower-thoracic spine evaluated in sitting with a 3D-Vicon motion analysis system. Results: Habitual upper-thoracic postures in the cervicogenic headache-group were significantly (p =.04) less located toward the maximal range of motion for flexion compared to the control-group, self-perceived optimal upper-thoracic posture was significantly (p =.004) more extended in the cervicogenic headache-group compared to the control-group, and self-perceived optimal lower-thoracic posture could not be reestablished in the cervicogenic headache-group after the laptop-task (p =.009). Conclusion: Thoracic postures differ between a cervicogenic headache-group and control-group. These differences were detected by expressing the habitual thoracic posture relative to its maximal range of motion, and by analyzing the possibility of repositioning the thoracic spine after a headache provoking activity. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the contribution of these musculoskeletal dysfunctions to the pathophysiology of cervicogenic headache. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Social participation levels of individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (iwMS) are lower than those of healthy individuals. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate to which extent the walking capacity, balance, and fear of falling (FoF) affect the community integration levels of iwMS. Methods: Thirty-nine iwMS were evaluated for their participation levels [The Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ)], walking capacity [The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)], balance [Kinesthetic Ability Trainer (SportKAT®)], and FoF [The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES)]. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to detect the effects of SportKAT®, 6MWT, and MFES on CIQ. Results: CIQ scores were significantly correlated with 6MWT (p =.043) and MFES (p =.005) scores, while CIQ was not related with static (for two feet test p =.356, for right single-leg stance test p =.412, for left single-leg stance test p =.730) and dynamic balance (for clockwise test p =.097, for counterclockwise test p =.540) measured with the SportKAT®. It was found that CIQ could be predicted by 6MWT and MFES at the level of 16% and 25%, respectively. Conclusion: FoF and walking capacity are associated with community integration in iwMS. Therefore, physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs of iwMS should be combined with treatment goals to increase community integration, balance, and gait and decrease the disability and FoF from an early stage. Comprehensive studies examining other factors that may impact participation in iwMS with different levels of disability are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Inter-individual variability may contribute to impaired cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility (CKS) in patients with nonspecific neck pain. Objectives: To identify subgroups of participants with nonspecific neck pain based on cervical joint position errors (JPEs) and to determine potential factors associated with identified subgroups. Methods: One hundred participants with nonspecific neck pain (unidentified pathoanatomical cause) and 50 controls were recruited. JPEs were measured in cervical extension and rotation, using a laser pointer. JPEs were expressed as absolute (AEs), constant (CEs), and variable (VEs) errors. Clinical characteristics were pain intensity, duration, disability, side of pain, dizziness, psychological features, and range of motion. All tests were performed within 1 day. A cluster analysis was conducted based on AEs. A logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the cluster groups. Results: Analysis divided neck pain participants into two groups: cluster 1 with greater impaired CKS (n = 36) and cluster 2 with lesser impaired CKS (n = 64). The AEs (all cervical movements) and CE (left rotation) were larger in cluster 1 than 2 (p ≤.002). Overall, participants in clusters 1 and 2 had larger AEs, CEs, and VEs than controls (p ≤.04). The presence of dizziness was a risk factor associated with cluster 1 (OR=2.5, p =.04). The other characteristics were not associated with the cluster groups (p ≥.09). Conclusion: The AEs identified two subgroups of patients with nonspecific neck pain. Participants in subgroup 1 had greater impaired CKS, and participants in subgroup 2 had lesser impaired CKS. Dizziness was a potential risk factor associated with greater impaired CKS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Changes in the trunk and lower limbs' sagittal movements may cause patellofemoral pain (PFP) because they influence the forces acting on this joint. Objectives: To compare trunk and lower limb sagittal kinematics between women with and without PFP during functional tests and to verify whether sagittal trunk kinematics are correlated with those of the knees and ankles. Methods: A total of 30 women with PFP and 30 asymptomatic women performed single-leg squat (SLS) and step-down (SD) tests and were filmed by a camera in the sagittal plane. The trunk inclination angle, forward knee displacement, and ankle angle were calculated. Results: The PFP group exhibited less trunk flexion (SLS, p =.006; SD, p =.016) and greater forward knee displacement (SLS, p =.001; SD, p =.004) than the asymptomatic group; there was no significant difference in ankle angle (SLS, p =.074; SD, p =.278). Correlation analysis revealed that decreased trunk flexion was associated with increased forward knee displacement (SLS, r = −0.439, p =.000; SD, r = −0.365, p =.004) and ankle dorsiflexion (SLS, r = −0.339, p =.008; SD, r = −0.356, p =.005). Conclusion: Women with PFP present kinematic alterations of the trunk and knee in the sagittal plane during unipodal activities. Furthermore, the trunk and lower limb sagittal movements were interdependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hamstring strain injuries (HSI) are one of the most common injuries for soccer players and there is a need for new clinical-based studies on the rehabilitation of these injuries. Objective: This study aimed to create a consensus on physiotherapy and rehabilitation approaches used in HSI by physiotherapists with super league experience in Turkey. Methods: Twenty-six male physiotherapists (duration of experience in professional life, on athlete health, and in the super league: 12.84 ± 6.04 years, 12.19 ± 5.96 years, 8.71 ± 5.31 years, respectively) from different institutions participated in the study. The research was carried out in three rounds using the Delphi method. Results: Data collected using LimeSurvey and Google Forms were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel and SPSS 22 software. The response rates over the three rounds were 100%, 96%, and 96%, respectively. The 10 main items that were agreed upon in Round 1 were divided into 93 sub-items. Their numbers in the second and third Rounds were 60 and 53, respectively. At the end of Round 3, the highest consensus was on eccentric exercise, dynamic stretching, interval running, and movement-enhancing field training. All sub-items at this round were classified as SUPER (S: Soft tissue restoration techniques; U: Using supportive approaches; P: Physical fitness exercises; E: Electro-hydro-thermal methods; and R: Return to sport activities). Conclusion: SUPER rehabilitation provides a new conceptual framework in terms of approaches used by clinicians in rehabilitation for athletes with HSI. Recognizing the lack of evidence for the various approaches involved, clinicians can modify their practice and researchers can explore whether these approaches are scientifically correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistics hold the potential to lend political urgency to otherwise seemingly isolated human rights abuses. Yet, despite the persistence of the problem, statistics on enforced disappearances in contemporary non-civil war Latin American democracies are rare. This article examines the available statistics found in the annual human rights reports of Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and the US State Department and assesses the narratives that accompany them. The article argues that the reports' narrative frames present three key obstacles to the statistical visibility of enforced disappearances in contemporary Latin America that pertain to the definition of problem, whose information is included (voice), and the narrative's clarity and consistency. These obstacles affect case counts and, consequently, the political urgency attributed to the need for accountability and policy change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether intended by education policy (e.g., via school entrance examinations) or unintended (e.g., via social stratification), selection effects in education (who goes where, gets what, and how much) shape educational opportunities – influencing the life chances of individuals and groups, and the structure of societies. However, within the quantitative approach to educational research, current statistical methods can struggle to simultaneously evaluate both the presence and impacts of these effects. In turn, this methodological limitation impedes efforts to facilitate equality of educational opportunity. This paper responds with a critical overview of types of selection effects in education, their consequences for educational opportunity, and the statistical methods used for their identification. Two empirical illustrations show how a new statistical method ("airbag moderation") can enable better detection and evaluation of selection effects in education and help direct future research into selection effects in education with a focus on opportunities for equality of educational opportunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machiavellianism is characterized by manipulative behavior, lack of empathy, and a willingness to deceive and exploit others for personal gain. Research indicates that one factor that may increase the likelihood and severity of Machiavellianism in adulthood is maltreatment in childhood. However, few studies have attempted to untangle which specific instantiations of childhood maltreatment (e.g. abuse vs. neglect) are most associated with Machiavellianism. In our study, we investigate the association between childhood abuse and neglect on Machiavellianism in a sample of adult women and men recruited online (N = 278) using a Bayesian approach to multiple regression. Results suggest that higher levels of Machiavellianism are associated with physical neglect, with some influence of other forms of maltreatment depending on gender. These findings shed light on potential etiological influences on Machiavellianism and have implications for research on and clinical intervention with people with high levels of this trait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined a set of background psychological and other variables of orthorexic (ON) tendency in a sample of young women with special interest in healthy lifestyle. The sample consisted of female young adults (N = 310; aged 18–35 years; mean age = 24.3 years; SD = 4.97 years) who were recruited through social media health sites. Besides Orthorexia Nervosa Questionnaire (ORTO‑15), BMI, regular sporting activity, the following scales were used: Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI, drive for thinness, ineffectiveness and maturity fears); Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS); and The Proactive Coping Inventory. In this sample, 37.7% were at risk for ON. Eating disorder attitudes, regular sporting and social media addiction were the most relevant predictors of orthorexic tendency with drive for thinness being the strongest contributor (β = 0.54, p < 0.001). For young women with a special interest in healthy lifestyle, drive for thinness together with regular sporting, ON tendency may serve as a tool for achieving their goal. Social media addiction and other psychological problems (feeling of ineffectiveness or maturity fears) can also contribute to orthorexic rendency. It would be important to ask for support from qualified health professionals when changing nutritional practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can reduce the risk of acquiring HIV infection following sexual assault. However, only about half of people offered HIV PEP will initiate the medication. Factors associated with patient readiness for HIV PEP following sexual assault have been attributed to structural and clinical barriers. This study utilized the Theory of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior to better understand how personal factors, cognitive factors, mental health, barriers and facilitators that could influence a patient's decision to start HIV PEP post sexual assault. A web-based cross sectional survey was conducted from October 2017 to January 2020 and a total of 228 responses were included from participants that had experienced sexual assault in the previous 3 months. Using linear regression modeling fear of HIV, post-traumatic stress symptoms, validating social responses to disclosure, and having someone else pay for HIV PEP were all associated with feeling better prepared for HIV PEP decision making. Results indicate that structural, social, and individual factors impact patient decision making. These findings highlight opportunities for health systems and providers to improve HIV education and the importance of initiating HIV PEP following sexual assault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the Consultation And Relational Empathy (CARE) measure as a tool for examiners to assess medical students' empathy during Objective and Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs), as the best tool for assessing empathy during OSCEs remains unknown. Methods: We first assessed the psychometric properties of the CARE measure, completed simultaneously by examiners and standardized patients (SP, either teachers - SPteacher - or civil society members - SPcivil society), for each student, at the end of an OSCE station. We then assessed the qualitative/quantitative agreement between examiners and SP. Results: We included 129 students, distributed in eight groups, four groups for each SP type. The CARE measure showed satisfactory psychometric properties in the context of the study but moderate, and even poor inter-rater reliability for some items. Considering paired observations, examiners scored lower than SPs (p < 0.001) regardless of the SP type. However, the difference in score was greater when the SP was a SPteacher rather than a SPcivil society (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Despite acceptable psychometric properties, inter-rater reliability of the CARE measure between examiners and SP was unsatisfactory. The choice of examiner as well as the type of SP seems critical to ensure a fair measure of empathy during OSCEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, optimization and statistical analysis of oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of an Iranian heavy crude oil (HCO) by applying ultrasonic waves were performed. The investigated HCO was from the West Paydar Field of Iran (sulfur: 38638 ppm, viscosity: 78.76 cSt (20 °C), API: 18.53). The process was performed in the presence of acetic acid (catalyst), hydrogen peroxide (oxidant), and copper sulfate (PTA, phase transfer agent). The studied parameters included power (10–15 W/ml), temperature (60–80 °C), PTA (0–1 wt%), and catalyst (4.8–19.2 wt%). The processing time was 10 min. Acetonitrile was an extraction solvent. The experimental design was performed based on Box Behnken design (BBD) and consisted of 27 experiments. RSM was applied to model the response and to investigate the effects of one factor, parameter interactions, and optimization. A quadratic polynomial equation was presented for the model of HCO sulfur reduction. Based on the results, power, PTA, and catalyst had significant effects on the response. The regression coefficient of 0.9273 indicated a good agreement between the experimental results and the model results. Optimization results showed that under optimal conditions including power: 14.63 w/ml, temperature: 72.47 °C, PTA: 0.79 wt%, and catalyst: 4.84 wt%, desulfurization was 45.10 wt%. Statistical analysis of UAOD process for heavy crude oil is done for the first time Independent variables are power, PTA, catalyst, temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been applied to model the response. The sulfur removal of Iranian heavy crude oil is the response. The predicted conditions agreed with the experimental values at optimum conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple exercises included in strength training involve greater activation of the quadriceps compared to hamstring muscles, which may lead to knee joint imbalances. The aim of this study was to examine the ratio of surface electromyography (sEMG) activity hamstring and quadriceps muscle groups (hamstring-to-quadriceps activation ratio; H:Q EMG), as well as lateral to medial hamstring activation ratio (LH:MH) in parallel squat, Romanian deadlift, hip thrust, lying leg curl and seated knee extension. The H:Q EMG was greater during lying leg curl compared to other exercises during both the concentric and eccentric phase, however the Romanian deadlift and hip thrust also resulted in relatively high H:Q EMG. Pairwise comparisons revealed that LH:MH was greater in the parallel squat compared to the Romanian deadlift and hip thrust in the concentric phase, and compared to the Romanian deadlift and hip thrust during the eccentric phase. Our data suggests that the lying leg curl promotes the greatest hamstring activation and H:Q EMG, amongst the exercises investigated, while also providing relatively homogenous LH:MH. The lying leg curl should be considered as a primary exercise in rehabilitation and training programmes, aiming to proportionally activate LH:MH and increase H:Q EMG, which may improve knee muscle balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness and knowledge of professional team sport athletes about ACL injuries, injury prevention programs, and the return to sports after ACL injuries. A total of 419 athletes representing soccer, basketball, volleyball and handball sports were included in the study. We utilized a 15-item self-report survey to assess the awareness of athletes about ACL injury, ACL injury prevention program, and return to sport after ACL injuries. Male and soccer players participated in prevention programs more than female athletes (p = 0.001). Participation in prevention programs was significantly higher in the ≥ 18 years old group than in the < 18 years old group (p = 0.040). Participants who were informed about ACL injuries were 8.4 times more likely to participate in the ACL injuries prevention program than others (OR: 8.38, 95% CI: 3.823–18.376, p < 0.001). The majority of participants believed that return to sport after ACL injury takes 6 months and 81.4% of them thought that it is not possible to do sport without an ACL. This study revealed that the awareness and performance of ACL prevention training programs among professional team sport athletes were insufficient. The athletes' knowledge regarding return to sports after ACL injuries was also inadequate. Improving athletes' knowledge of ACL injuries may lead to increased participation in ACL injury prevention programs. Thus, the provision of tailored educational interventions to athletes could potentially enhance their awareness and understanding of ACL injuries, consequently contributing towards the prevention of such injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of Dynamic TapeTM (DT) on hip muscle activation and torque and on lower limb kinematics. Forty-five healthy, recreationally active women were randomly assigned to three groups: 1) submitted to the application of DT in the active form in the gluteus medius (GMed) muscle (BG; n = 15), 2) submitted to the application of DT in the placebo form in the GMed muscle (PG; n = 15), and 3) not submitted to any intervention (CG; n = 15). Participants were evaluated for GMed and gluteus maximus (GMax) muscle activation in a maximal voluntary isometric contraction, simultaneously with the assessment of the hip abductor and extensor torques, as well as during two functional tasks – single leg squat (SLS) and jump landing + maximum vertical jump (VJ) – simultaneously with a 2-D kinematic assessment of the lower limb. After DT application in BG, there was a significant decrease in the hip abductor time to peak torque (P = 0.004), hip extensor torque (P = 0.02), excursion to hip adduction (P = 0.007), and to knee flexion (P = 0.02) during the SLS, as well as in GMed activation during VJ (P < 0.05). DT was able to reduce GMed activation and modify lower limb torque and kinematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hearing disorders are common among music professionals, as they are frequently exposed to sound levels exceeding 100 dB(A). By assessing auditory fatigue, situations that are deleterious for hearing could be identified, allowing the deployment of preventive measures before permanent impairment occurs. However, little is known about the factors contributing to auditory fatigue. The objective is to determine the exposure parameters most influencing auditory fatigue during occupational exposure to amplified music. Design: Auditory fatigue was defined as variations of both pure tone auditory (ΔPTA) and efferent reflex thresholds (ΔER) during the workday. Noise exposure was monitored and information on the volunteers was gathered using a questionnaire. Study sample: The population consisted of 43 adult volunteers exposed to amplified music (sound, light or stage technicians, security agents, barmen) and 24 unexposed administrative agents. Results: ΔPTA and ΔER were positively correlated with the energy of noise exposure and its stability over time, i.e a steady noise tends to create more auditory fatigue. Conclusion: In addition to a global decrease of music levels and a systematic use of hearing protection, our results advocate for the provision of quiet periods within noise exposures as they reduce auditory fatigue accumulation and long-term risks for hearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work-related violence exposure has been identified as one of the risk factors for social workers' turnover intention, but little is known about its underlying mechanisms. This study aims to distinguish compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue from a dual perspective and investigate the mediating effects of these two co-existing constructs in the relationship between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention. A sample of 1023 Chinese social workers in H city, China (mean age = 36.24 years, SD = 7.11) is obtained by multistage cluster random sampling. Findings demonstrate that the relationship between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention is partially mediated by compassion satisfaction (b = 0.023, 95% CI [0.007, 0.045]) and compassion fatigue (b = 0.139, 95% CI [0.093, 0.187]). The present study clarifies two influencing paths between work-related violence exposure and turnover intention, adding knowledge to the social work profession. Practical implications for reducing turnover intention are suggested in the social work setting. Practice Points: Organizations and managers are encouraged to create a safe working environment and establish a monitoring system that can respond sensitively and rapidly to violence. On the organizational level, fostering a compassionate organizational culture is especially encouraged. On the individual level, self-care programs can be introduced and implemented in China to benefit social workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study objective is to test general- and sport-specific adaption during a single training on the Flexibility Trainer. The device is designed to trigger residual muscle tone decreases of the hip-joint muscles by providing (nearly) isokinetic resistance during a full range of motion strength training in adduction/abduction and flexion/extension direction. Static hip flexion and abduction as well as kinematics of double side kicks were analysed on 15 participants before and after training (or rest for controls) to assess general flexibility and sport-specific movement range. Tests were recorded by a Vicon® motion capturing system. Static hip flexion and abduction as well as leg vector spreading angles (VSA) at different nodes of the kick were selected to determine adaptions of active and passive flexibility. Normalised hip joint moments, movement velocities and VSA were calculated to evaluate the training with the device. ANOVAs with 4-repeated measures and Friedman tests were performed to identify time differences and Bonferroni post-hoc test to identify between-subject effects. Significant differences were found for both static flexibility tests (Flexion = 13.65%; Abduction = 9.94%) and the VSA at specific action phases (≤15.15%). Results indicate that short-term adaptions when training with the Flexibility Trainer are exceeding comparable literature showing improved flexibility and sport-specific performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online vendors often deploy limited-time and limited-quantity cues on their e-commerce sites to influence consumers purchase decisions. Although these scarcity cues can reflect genuine restrictions in the availability of goods, they are increasingly considered as ill-intentioned nudges or 'dark patterns' due to their omnipresence and success in persuading consumers. In an online experiment (N = 202), we examined the effects of limited-time and limited-quantity cues on perceived task load, perceived benevolence, and user experience. Results suggest that participants associated scarcity cues with a lack of benevolence from online vendors. E-commerce site design without scarcity cues provided participants with a superior hedonic and pragmatic user experience. In the case of limited-time scarcity cues, participants reported frustration-related negative emotions. We discuss the implications of these findings from the perspectives of dark pattern researchers, designers, and online vendors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fun and social affiliation are good predictors of long-term intention to use game-based interventions including those for motivating physical activity, yet current player matching algorithms are poor at facilitating social connectedness. In this paper, we report on the results of a study investigating how different player traits are associated with interest in social features of an exercise game for improving player experience through better player matching using common and complementary characteristics. Twelve conceptual scenarios were illustrated using storyboards and data was collected from 196 respondents who rated their attitudes and preferences towards gamification elements. Correlational results showed that all scenarios, except for cutting corners, were perceived as persuasive, enjoyable, engaging and are likely to increase future exercise intention for players who score high on Philanthropist- and Socialiser-oriented traits. Results also showed that many players favour the altruistic donation feature. Furthermore, qualitative results underscore that it is the player's partner that matters more than the players' personalities. We conclude with practical recommendations for designing more personalised exercise games that can include more socially engaging game mechanics in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although researchers have devoted great effort to explore the antecedents of altruistic behaviours (a type of organisational citizenship behaviours), the important role of technical factors (social media) remains unclear. Drawing on social comparison and organisational support theory, this study explored how social media affordances influence employees' altruistic behaviours from both positive and negative perspectives. In this study, 302 employees from organisations in China were surveyed. We found that social media affordances could facilitate employees' perceived organisational support and social comparison of ability. Perceived organisational support positively mediated the relationship between social media affordances and altruistic behaviours. Although the evidence did not support the notion that social comparison of ability could directly dampen altruistic behaviours, a post-hoc analysis found that it could dampen the positive impact of perceived organisational support on developing altruistic behaviours. This study expanded previous research focusing on only positive or negative effects of social media use in the workplace by investigating the dual effects and the interaction effect in between. Here, we discuss the results and provide practical guidance for managers and organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People can present a systematic bias in sharing fake news on social media based on their political orientation: they tend to share fake news that support their political view more than they share fake news with different political leanings, even though both types of news are equally fake. Here, we explain this systematic bias (termed polarized sharing) by considering social identification theory aspects together with theories on gender differences in social conformity and response to threats. Findings based on a study of 250 Facebook users in the US revealed that partisan identification is a double edge-sword. It increased polarized sharing of fake news directly, but decreased it indirectly, by increasing social network heterophily, which in turn, demotivated polarized sharing of fake news. Importantly, these processes differed by gender. Men were more influenced directly by partisan identification, and women, were more influenced indirectly, through limited social network heterophily. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of human-computer interaction, deformable user interfaces are gaining more attention. Gestures performed by bending the deformable device are commonly investigated in the literature. These bend gestures' inherent tactile and kinaesthetic feedback and their association with spatial directions benefit both blind and low vision (BLV) and sighted users. Bend gestures are naturally associated with two descriptors of bend, which are location and direction. One potential opportunity to extend this gesture space is to investigate additional descriptors of bend gestures without introducing new locations. In this context, size and angle are the two common additional descriptors of bend gestures. In this work, we conducted two (preliminary and main) studies to investigate BLV and sighted users' performance and preference for multiple magnitude levels of size and angle of bend on a smartphone-sized deformable prototype. Finally, we discuss the results and propose user group-specific design recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terror management research has found that mortality salience increases self-esteem preservation, which tends to produce counter-persuasive effects in the health context. The present study examines the persuasive potentials of an alternative mortality prime, death reflection, in a between-subjects online experiment with current smokers (N = 92). We tested the effects of two death primes on their posttraumatic growth, identification with a story character, and quitting intentions after exposure to an anti-smoking PSA. The results showed that only death reflection significantly affected quitting intentions through two serial mediators. First, death reflection promoted a greater sense of posttraumatic growth than the control condition, whereas mortality salience did not. Second, the increased sense of growth enhanced identification with a testimonial character in the anti-smoking PSA, which, in turn, lowered quitting intentions. Implications for health communication are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the impact of person-centered communication on bereaved young adults' physiological stress responses when they talked about the death of their parent. Heart rate variability – indexed by the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), and the heart rate variability index (HRVi) – was monitored before, during, and after the interaction as an objective measure of stress reactivity and recovery. The final sample included 69 subjects, and they conversed with research confederates who provided varying levels of person-centered support. The results showed that participants who received highly person-centered support experienced faster stress recovery, as indicated by increased HRVi, compared to those who received moderately or low person-centered support. Bereaved adults' SDNN during the interaction was positively associated with subjective evaluations of cognitive reappraisal, emotional improvement, and support quality. The discussion highlights the significance of supportive interactions on physiological, psychological, and emotional well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earning digital badges to showcase a person's expertise or knowledge are becoming increasingly popular. A healthcare provider's displaying of a Safe Zone badge within their online profile may offer prospective patients a cue as to the kind of care they might receive if they selected that particular provider. Prior research indicates LGBTQ+ individuals are looking for these types of cues within providers' biographies to make their selections. A between subjects, 2 (Safe Zone badge present/absent) x 2 (male/female doctor) online experiment was conducted (n = 658). Results revealed a main effect for the presence of the Safe Zone badge. Participants had greater anticipated satisfaction, liking, were more likely to view the provider as approachable, and were more willing to schedule an appointment with the provider displaying a Safe Zone badge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although real-time event detection during video EEG recording is required to ensure patients' safety, it is limited by the technologists' availability. We sought to explore the efficiency of real-time event detection by the EEG technologists in a single tertiary academic center. We retrospectively reviewed events from continuous inpatient video EEGs (cEEGs) and epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) recordings in January 2017, when real-time surveillance was only available during the night shift, and June 2017, when a dedicated neurodiagnostic EEG technologist was available for real-time monitoring during all shifts. The events were categorized into those detected immediately (eyes-on), later in the same shift (delayed) or identified on the subsequent shift (missed). Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical comparisons. In January 2017, there were 25 patients (117 days of monitoring) in the EMU and 54 inpatients (146 days of monitoring) on cEEG with 92 total events, (39% seizures). In June 2017, there were 30 patients (133 days of monitoring) in the EMU and 47 additional inpatients (80 days of monitoring) on cEEG with 110 total events, (39% seizures). The number of events identified in real time was low and did not significantly differ among shifts regardless of the availability of the monitoring technologist. Most events were identified at the time of subsequent EEG scanning by the EEG technologist. Partial staffing for continuous video EEG surveillance is insufficient to identify events in real time. EEG technologists are able to identify events during regular EEG scanning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is shown to be useful in surgeries when the nervous system is at risk. Its success in part relies upon proper setup of often dozens of electrodes correctly placed and secured upon patients and inserted in specific stimulating and recording receptacles. Given the complicated setups and the demanding operating room environment, errors in setup are bound to occur. These have led to false negatives associated with new patient morbidities including, at times, paralysis. No studies quantify the prevalence of these types of setup errors. Approximately 800,000 operations annually utilize intraoperative neuromonitoring in the US alone, so even a small percentage of errors suggests clinical significance. In addition, these types of errors hinder the overall effectiveness of IONM and may result in lower reported sensitivities and lower cost-effectiveness of this important service. We sought to discover through a prospective study and verification through chart review the prevalence of "electrode-swap" errors (when recording and/or stimulating electrodes are incorrectly placed on the patient or in the IONM equipment during setup) across all procedures monitored. We found recording and/or stimulating electrode set up errors in 24 of 454 cases (5.3%). These data and examples of how errors were discovered intraoperatively are reported. We also offer techniques to help reduce this error rate. This study demonstrates a significant potential avoidable error in IONM diagnostic utility, patient outcome, and sensitivity/specificity of alert criteria. The value of identifying and correcting these errors is consequential, multifaceted, and far-reaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern healthcare increasingly requires interprofessional teams to collaborate both in person and virtually to effectively achieve common goals. To prepare students for interprofessional collaborative practice (CP) universities need evaluation tools that can validly and reliably measure students' CP competencies after online and in-person interprofessional education. The Jefferson Teamwork Observation Guide® (JTOG) is a 360-degree evaluation tool previously validated to measure nationally-defined CP competencies. The psychometrics of the Individual JTOG have been examined in a sample of interprofessional healthcare students after online interprofessional education. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Individual JTOG in 709 students after in-person interprofessional education using Rasch Modeling and compared results across collaborative settings and student professions. Results indicated that item and person statistics, unidimensionality, scaling performance, and local independence of the Individual JTOG were comparable between online and in-person samples, suggesting it is consistent in its measurement of CP competencies across collaborative settings. Psychometric properties were strong, but ceiling effects were present. Minor deviations were found in the Individual JTOG's unidimensionality between professional groups. The Values and Ethics construct was more strongly separated from others for nursing than other health professions. Recommendations for future research and possible adaptations to the instrument are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undertaking an authentic interprofessional simulation experience may be a useful and consistent strategy for healthcare professional students to build competencies required for a rural healthcare context. An observational comparative study design was adopted to evaluate a clinical simulation experience created to develop the interprofessional competencies of a sample of healthcare professional students at a regional university situated on multiple campuses in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Over 200 students across three campuses of the university were involved in a simulation experience that included four interprofessional activities. Of these students, 189 (89%) agreed to participate in the study. The healthcare professional students who participated in the study were from second year occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and podiatry, and third year speech pathology programs. Retrospective pre and post self-assessed interprofessional collaborative competencies were compared for all students using the revised Interprofessional Collaborative Attainment Survey (ICCAS). Results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in self-perceived scores using the validated revised ICCAS survey. The findings of this study suggest that carefully designed and authentic interprofessional simulation experiences can facilitate the development of competencies required for effective interprofessional practice, which are necessary for successful rural practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence regarding the combined effects of green space and air pollutants on hypertension remains limited and complex. This study aims to investigate the varying effects of greenness under different air pollution levels in China, using data from the wave 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) involving 17 468 adults (aged ≥ 45 years). As a result, the prevalence rate of hypertension was 42.04%. Logistic regression analyses revealed the positive associations between air pollution concentrations at the city level and prevalent hypertension and the negative associations between NDVI and prevalent hypertension, all of which were more prominent in the populations of the eastern and rural regions. Notably, the negative effect of green space was greater at the lowest quartiles of each air pollutant (OR for PM2.5 quartiles = 0.724, 0.792, 0.740, and 0.931). Improving air quality and greenness could potentially reduce hypertension risk, and minimizing air pollution might optimize the protective effects of greenness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cross-sectional online survey was undertaken (July–August 2020) to ascertain parents' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic of being at home with their newborn baby in the first 6 weeks. Participants (n = 371) were mostly biological mothers (n = 369, 99.4%), white British (n = 351, 94,5%), first baby (n = 186, 50%). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between maternal confidence and number of children (rho (369) = 0.295, p <.001) and baby's age at time of participation (rho (369) = 0.139, p =.009). Participants without higher educational qualifications (median = 62, SIQR = 3.5) had statistically significant higher confidence (U = 11831.500, p <.001) than participants with higher educational qualifications (median = 58, SIQR = 2). Parents of babies without health issues at birth (median, 61, SIQR = 3.5) had statistically significant higher confidence (U = 13213.500, p <.001) than parents of babies with health issues at birth (median = 58, SIQR = 5). Three qualitative themes have emerged: the impact of "no partner" restrictions; mixed emotions and lack of information and support. In conclusion, parenting during a pandemic created anxiety and fear, affected by "no partner" restrictions, not being allowed to appointments, scans, and during labor. Some parents were more confident and indicated benefits including heightening bonding with baby and partner during social distancing. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The strain of the pandemic on the mental health and well-being of parents could have a negative impact on future parenting. Healthcare professionals should not underestimate the potential consequences of declining perinatal mental health and should be vigilant to screen, enquire, and refer. Further research on this cohort of parents and children exploring the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their ongoing health and wellbeing could be beneficial for future health-care policies and guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional and descriptive study investigates the impact of circumcision age on anxiety and self-perception in children. 342 fourth-grade primary school boys were recruited for the study. Data was collected using questionnaires, the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale, and the Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, One Way ANOVA, Tamhane Post Hoc tests, and Spearman correlation analysis. Results showed that 53.2% and 21.1% of the children were circumcised at 0–1 and 3–6 years, respectively. The mean trait anxiety scores of children circumcised at 3–6 years were significantly higher than those at other age periods (0–1, 1–3, 6–12 years). However, those circumcised at 3–6 years had lower self-perception scores. The study recommends circumcision be performed at the most appropriate age to avoid negative psychosocial effects, and nurses should counsel parents about the most appropriate age period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent symptoms post-mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) includes autonomic dysregulation (AD). The composite autonomic symptoms score, (COMPASS-31), was developed to quantify AD symptom severity in the last year, which limits clinical utility. The primary aim was to determine validity of a modified-COMPASS-31 measuring symptoms in the last month compared to the original, secondarily to compare both original and modified versions to the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI), and tertiarily to detect change post-treatment of the modified-COMPASS-31 compared to NSI and headache intensity (HI). Thirty-three military personnel with persistent headache post-mTBI. Total and domain scores for COMPASS-31 (original vs. modified) NSI and HI at baseline. Change in modified-COMPASS-31. NSI, and HI. Baseline COMPASS-31 versions were comparable and highly correlated (r = 0.72, p < 0.001), they were moderately correlated at best to the NSI (r < 0.6), which may suggest differences in measurement metrics. The mean change in modified-COMPASS-31 scores (15.4/100, effect size 0.8) was mild to moderately correlated to the change in HI (r = 0.39) score, but not to NSI (r = 0.28). The modified-COMPASS-31 appears to be valid, can measure change of AD symptom severity, and is recommended as an outcome measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]