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Copy number variation (CNV) is a type of genomic structural variation, and the research on it has flourished in recent years. According to the high-throughput sequencing data, we found that the copy number variation region of the GAL3ST1 gene was correlated with the growth traits of bovine. It is significant that we study the CNV of GAL3ST1 gene and process the association analysis between results of Q-PCR and growth traits of Chinese cattle. In this research, SPSS software was used to detect the distribution of GAL3ST1 gene copy number in four cattle breeds and the correlation of growth traits was analyzed. Correlation analysis showed that GAL3ST1 CNV had positive effects on some growth traits of bovine (p < 0.05). In addition, the study detects the expression of GAL3ST1 gene in different tissues of Xia'nan cattles on mRNA level. The result showed that GAL3ST1 gene has different expression conditions in different tissues, results showed that the expression level was high in intestine and low in liver tissue. In a word, we speculated that the GAL3ST1 gene can be used as a molecular marker and this study confirmed that the CNV of it can provide theoretical basis for molecular breeding of cattle in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copy number variations (CNVs) were similar to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion-deletion (InDel), regarded as genetic variations in many species. CNV is defined as the variable change of DNA segment length compared with the reference genome, including gains or losses from 50 bp to several mega bases. The functions of USP16 gene are diverse, such as regulating the cell cycle, DNA damage, histone H2A deubiquitination or mitotic nuclear division. To analyze the relationship between CNV of USP16 gene and milk traits in Chinese Holstein, we used qPCR to detect the individuals of Chinese Holstein (n = 180). The results showed that the effect of USP16 gene CNV on daily milk yield and fat percentage had significant difference (p < 0.05). The gain was the advantage type in daily milk yield and the loss was the advantage type in fat percentage. Therefore, CNV of USP16 gene is an important factor of milk traits in Chinese Holstein. Meanwhile, it may be used as a molecular marker for assisted selection of milk traits in Chinese Holstein, which provides a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of cow breeds in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]