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623 results on '"Zhu, X."'

1. Simulated study on electrochemical regeneration of ammonium persulfate for naphthalene degradation in soil.

Author

Cui, X., Sun, W., Wang, Z., Zhu, X., Song, X., Liu, J., Chen, S., Li, C., Li, B., and Tian, S.

Abstract

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) have emerged as a highly promising approach for remediating organic-contaminated soil. However, the substantial cost associated with the large injection volume of persulfate and the potential ecological risks arising from sulfate accumulation in the post-remediated soil have hindered the widespread application of this technology. To address these challenges, this study proposed a novel and environmental-friendly approach based on the reversible regeneration of ammonium persulfate (APS) through electrochemical synthesis, with the aim of realizing cyclic utilization of APS. Through our in-depth investigation, we have scrutinized the performance and kinetic behaviors of Fe2+-APS in the remediation of organic-contaminated soil, utilizing NAP as the target. By identifying the decisive factors for electrochemical regeneration of APS, we have also unraveled the underlying mechanisms governing the electrochemical synthesis of APS. Experimental results demonstrate an impressive degradation rate of 76.39% of naphthalene (NAP) in contaminated soil through Fe2+-APS remediation with the optimal parameter (voltage of 8 V, flow velocity of 10 mL/min, ammonium sulfate concentration of 3 M). Moreover, our dynamic electrochemical devices significantly outperform the static setup in terms of regeneration of APS, with the concentration and current efficiency achieving 75 and 20 times higher, respectively. Notably, the NAP degradation rate in the soil remains at a commendable 75% even after five cycles, thereby validating the practicality and efficacy of this approach. This innovative approach provides both theoretical and practical foundations to advance the development and adoption of persulfate-based technologies in soil remediation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Weighted Estimates of the Fractional Type Marcinkiewicz Integral and Its Commutator on Morrey–Guliyev Spaces.

Author

Zhu, X. J. and Tao, S. P.

Subjects
*COMMUTATORS (Operator theory), *COMMUTATION (Electricity), *INTEGRALS, *GENERATING functions
Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study weighted estimates of the fractional type Marcinkiewicz integral and its commutator. By producing Guliyev type local pointwise estimates, we prove the boundedness of the fractional type Marcinkiewicz integral on the weighted Morrey–Guliyev spaces. Meanwhile, we also consider the corresponding weighted estimates of the commutators generated by a Lipschitz function and a BMO function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Properties of Light Backscattering on Hollow Hexagonal Ice Columns for Optical Models of Cirrus Clouds.

Author

Konoshonkin, A. V., Kustova, N. V., Shishko, V. A., Timofeev, D. N., Tkachev, I. V., Bakute, E., Babinovich, A. E., Zhu, X., and Wang, Z.

Abstract

Cirrus clouds significantly affect the radiation budget of our planet and play an important role in climate formation. To study their optical properties, it is necessary to solve the problem of light scattering by nonspherical ice particles. This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of characteristics of light backscattering by hollow hexagonal columns by the physical optics method. We examine particles of 10 to 316 μm in size and wavelengths of 0.355, 0.532, and 1.064 μm. The findings reveal that the backscattering peak caused by corner reflection rapidly decreases as the cavity of hexagonal columns increases, then several secondary maxima of up to 10% of the main peak appear. The positions of these secondary maxima are independent of the particle size and incident wavelength, but strongly depend on the particle shape. These results are valuable for developing an optical model of cirrus clouds and for laser sounding of the atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Accumulative Damages of Thermally Sprayed Cemented Carbide Coatings Under Repetitive Heavy-Load Impacts.

Author

Zhang, S. J., Zhu, X. P., Yuan, J. R., and Lei, M. K.

Subjects
*STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), *SHEARING force, *IMPACT (Mechanics), *SURFACE coatings, *MECHANICAL energy, *METAL spraying
Abstract

The impact damage evolution of thermally sprayed WC-Ni coatings was studied under 1-8000 impacts at a fixed load of 10 kN order. With increasing impact number, the accumulative damages of coatings evolve by in-sequence occurrence of WC spallation, coating cracking, and mixed coating/interface cracking accompanied with crack length and width growing. To comprehensively evaluate the coated component performance by observed accumulative damages as the failure criteria, a critical impact number Nc with critical load Lc is proposed for the onsets of different cracking features. The impact resistance is quantified, by Nc(Lcc) for onset of the coating cracking, and Nc(Lcm) for the mixed coating/interface cracking. A subclassification is identified as Nc(Lcm1) and Nc(Lcm2), respectively, for sequential occurrence of the isolated interface cracking and the propagated interface cracking of the penetrated from the coating surface. As the coating thickness is increased from 50 to 200 μm, the impact resistance under a load of 11.1 kN is correspondingly improved with Nc(Lcc) prolonged from 3000 to 4500, and Nc(Lcm1) from 4500 to 5000. In particular, Nc(Lcm2) is 6000 for the 50 μm coating, but no Nc(Lcm2) failure for the 200 μm coating up to 8000 impacts. The impact stress field analysis reveals reduced amplitudes of cyclic surface tensile stress and interface shear stress for the thicker coating, together with the interface shear stress shifting from a tensile-compressive alternating mode to a monotonous tensile one. The impact resistance of coated components under repetitive impacts is interpreted on thermodynamics where the thicker coatings mitigate impact mechanical energy dissipation of plastic strain energy in both coating and steel substrate, and accommodate larger reversible elastic strain energy during the periodic loading-unloading of impact cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Feasibility of stereotactic optical navigation for needle positioning in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Author

Spenkelink, I. M., Zhu, X., Fütterer, J. J., and Langenhuijsen, J. F.

Abstract

Background: This study assessed the feasibility of acquiring single-attempt access to the pelvicalyceal system during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) using stereotactic optical navigation combined with cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging. Methods: Patients with a PCNL indication were prospectively included in this IRB approved study. After sterile preparation, fiducial markers were attached to patients’ skin. An initial intraprocedural CBCT scan was acquired, on which the urologist planned the needle trajectory using the navigation software. After verifying that no critical structures were crossed, the needle guide was aligned with the plan. A needle was manually inserted through the needle guide to the indicated depth and a second CBCT scan was performed for needle position confirmation. Both, scanning and needle insertion, were performed under apnea. The study evaluated technical success, accuracy, procedure time, complication rate, and radiation dose. Results: Between June 2022 and April 2023, seven patients were included. In all patients, the navigation system allowed safe puncture. However, the technical success rate was only 29%. In 42% of the cases, pelvicalyceal access was achieved by a small manual adjustment. In the remaining 29%, the needle was retracted and positioned per clinical standard. The average deviation between the needle and target was 5.9 ± 2.3 mm. The average total procedure time was 211 ± 44 min. The average radiation exposure was 6.4 mSv, with CBCT scanning contributing to 82% of this exposure. Conclusions: The optical navigation system facilitated safe needle insertion but did not consistently ensure accurate one-attempt needle positioning for PCNL. Real-time visualization and trajectory correction may improve the technical success rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Hyperbolic exciton polaritons in a van der Waals magnet.

Author

Ruta, Francesco L., Zhang, Shuai, Shao, Yinming, Moore, Samuel L., Acharya, Swagata, Sun, Zhiyuan, Qiu, Siyuan, Geurs, Johannes, Kim, Brian S. Y., Fu, Matthew, Chica, Daniel G., Pashov, Dimitar, Xu, Xiaodong, Xiao, Di, Delor, Milan, Zhu, X-Y., Millis, Andrew J., Roy, Xavier, Hone, James C., and Dean, Cory R.

Subjects
NEAR-field microscopy, POLARITONS, MAGNETS, INFRARED microscopy, SUPERCONDUCTING magnets, DENSITY of states, QUASIPARTICLES, BOOSTING algorithms
Abstract

Exciton polaritons are quasiparticles of photons coupled strongly to bound electron-hole pairs, manifesting as an anti-crossing light dispersion near an exciton resonance. Highly anisotropic semiconductors with opposite-signed permittivities along different crystal axes are predicted to host exotic modes inside the anti-crossing called hyperbolic exciton polaritons (HEPs), which confine light subdiffractionally with enhanced density of states. Here, we show observational evidence of steady-state HEPs in the van der Waals magnet chromium sulfide bromide (CrSBr) using a cryogenic near-infrared near-field microscope. At low temperatures, in the magnetically-ordered state, anisotropic exciton resonances sharpen, driving the permittivity negative along one crystal axis and enabling HEP propagation. We characterize HEP momentum and losses in CrSBr, also demonstrating coupling to excitonic sidebands and enhancement by magnetic order: which boosts exciton spectral weight via wavefunction delocalization. Our findings open new pathways to nanoscale manipulation of excitons and light, including routes to magnetic, nonlocal, and quantum polaritonics. Hyperbolic exciton polaritons (HEPs) are anisotropic light-matter excitations with promising applications, but their steady-state observation is challenging. Here, the authors report experimental evidence of HEPs in a van der Waals magnet, CrSBr, via cryogenic infrared near-field microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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9. An Improved Model for Evaluating the Hydraulic Behaviour of a Single Rock Joint Considering Contact Area Evolution During Shearing.

Author

Zhu, X., Gao, M., Si, G., Zhang, C., Moon, J.-S., and Oh, J.

Subjects
*HYDRAULIC models, *ARTIFICIAL joints, *FLUID flow, *TORTUOSITY, *STANDARD deviations, *HYDRAULIC conductivity
Abstract

The contact of rock joints during shearing induced by underground excavation significantly impacts the hydro-mechanical behaviour of fractured rock mass, since fluid tends to flow through a rough-walled fracture along connected channels while bypassing the contact areas with tortuosity. However, previous research mostly considered joint roughness or aperture changes based on 2D joint profiles, while the contact and tortuosity using 3D surfaces were often overlooked. This paper considers the evolution of contact area and aperture distribution during shearing. The concept of the critical inclination angle is introduced and correlated with the contact area during shearing based on Grasselli's criterion. The standard deviation of the mean mechanical aperture is calculated using the modified algorithm. An improved model for estimating the hydraulic aperture with the mechanical aperture is then developed, applying an aperture correction term and a contact correction term. A number of shear-flow tests on artificial joint samples under constant normal loads are conducted. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed model are verified by comparing it against the experimental results and by comparing the prediction performance with other published models. Results show that the proposed model can improve the prediction of the hydraulic aperture and hydraulic conductivity of a single rock joint during shearing. Highlights: An improved model is proposed to estimate hydraulic aperture with mechanical aperture, incorporating aperture and contact correction terms. The evolutions of geometric morphologies during shear can be computed, and the effects on flow behaviour are well described. A series of coupled shear-flow tests are conducted on two artificial joints with different surface characteristics under constant normal loads. The proposed model can predict the shear-flow coupled behaviour of rock joints with good accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. A Comparison of CPU and GPU Implementations for the LHCb Experiment Run 3 Trigger

Author

Aaij, R, Adinolfi, M, Aiola, S, Akar, S, Albrecht, J, Alexander, M, Amato, S, Amhis, Y, Archilli, F, Bala, M, Bassi, G, Bian, L, Blago, M, Boettcher, T, Boldyrev, A, Borghi, S, Rodriguez, A, Calefice, L, Gomez, M, Perez, D, Cardini, A, Cattaneo, M, Chobanova, V, Ciezarek, G, Vidal, X, Cobbledick, J, Coelho, J, Colombo, T, Contu, A, Couturier, B, Craik, D, Currie, R, D'Argent, P, De Cian, M, Derkach, D, Dordei, F, Dorigo, M, Dufour, L, Durante, P, Dziurda, A, Dzyuba, A, Easo, S, Esen, S, Declara, P, Filippov, S, Fitzpatrick, C, Frank, M, Gandini, P, Gligorov, V, Golobardes, E, Graziani, G, Grillo, L, Gunther, P, Hansmann-Menzemer, S, Hennequin, A, Henry, L, Hill, D, Hollitt, S, Hu, J, Hulsbergen, W, Hunter, R, Hushchyn, M, Jashal, B, Jones, C, Klaver, S, Klimaszewski, K, Kopecna, R, Krzemien, W, Kucharczyk, M, Lane, R, Lazzari, F, Gac, R, Li, P, Lopes, J, Martinez, M, Lupato, A, Lupton, O, Lyu, X, Machefert, F, Madejczyk, O, Malde, S, Marchand, J, Mariani, S, Benito, C, Santos, D, Vidal, F, Matev, R, Mazurek, M, Mitreska, B, Mitzel, D, Morello, M, Mu, H, Muzzetto, P, Naik, P, Needham, M, Neri, N, Neufeld, N, Nolte, N, O'Hanlon, D, Oyanguren, A, Altarelli, M, Petrucci, S, Petruzzo, M, Pica, L, Pisani, F, Piucci, A, Polci, F, Poluektov, A, Polycarpo, E, Prouve, C, Punzi, G, Quagliani, R, Trejo, R, Pernas, M, Rangel, M, Ratnikov, F, Raven, G, Reiss, F, Renaudin, V, Robbe, P, Ryzhikov, A, Santimaria, M, Saur, M, Schiller, M, Schwemmer, R, Sciascia, B, Solomin, A, Suljik, F, Skidmore, N, Sokoloff, M, Spradlin, P, Stahl, M, Stahl, S, Stevens, H, Sun, L, Szabelski, A, Szumlak, T, Szymanski, M, Tou, D, Tuci, G, Usachov, A, Canudas, N, Gomez, R, Vecchi, S, Vesterinen, M, Vilasis-Cardona, X, Bruch, D, Wang, Z, Wojton, T, Whitehead, M, Williams, M, Witek, M, Xie, Y, Xu, A, Yin, H, Zdybal, M, Zenaiev, O, Zhang, D, Zhang, L, Zhu, X, Aaij R., Adinolfi M., Aiola S., Akar S., Albrecht J., Alexander M., Amato S., Amhis Y., Archilli F., Bala M., Bassi G., Bian L., Blago M. P., Boettcher T., Boldyrev A., Borghi S., Rodriguez A. B., Calefice L., Gomez M. C., Perez D. H. C., Cardini A., Cattaneo M., Chobanova V., Ciezarek G., Vidal X. C., Cobbledick J. L., Coelho J. A. B., Colombo T., Contu A., Couturier B., Craik D. C., Currie R., d'Argent P., De Cian M., Derkach D., Dordei F., Dorigo M., Dufour L., Durante P., Dziurda A., Dzyuba A., Easo S., Esen S., Declara P. F., Filippov S., Fitzpatrick C., Frank M., Gandini P., Gligorov V. V., Golobardes E., Graziani G., Grillo L., Gunther P. A., Hansmann-Menzemer S., Hennequin A. M., Henry L., Hill D., Hollitt S. E., Hu J., Hulsbergen W., Hunter R. J., Hushchyn M., Jashal B. K., Jones C. R., Klaver S., Klimaszewski K., Kopecna R., Krzemien W., Kucharczyk M., Lane R., Lazzari F., Gac R. L., Li P., Lopes J. H., Martinez M. L., Lupato A., Lupton O., Lyu X., Machefert F., Madejczyk O., Malde S., Marchand J. F., Mariani S., Benito C. M., Santos D. M., Vidal F. M., Matev R., Mazurek M., Mitreska B., Mitzel D. S., Morello M. J., Mu H., Muzzetto P., Naik P., Needham M., Neri N., Neufeld N., Nolte N. S., O'Hanlon D., Oyanguren A., Altarelli M. P., Petrucci S., Petruzzo M., Pica L., Pisani F., Piucci A., Polci F., Poluektov A., Polycarpo E., Prouve C., Punzi G., Quagliani R., Trejo R. I. R., Pernas M. R., Rangel M. S., Ratnikov F., Raven G., Reiss F., Renaudin V., Robbe P., Ryzhikov A., Santimaria M., Saur M., Schiller M., Schwemmer R., Sciascia B., Solomin A., Suljik F., Skidmore N., Sokoloff M. D., Spradlin P., Stahl M., Stahl S., Stevens H., Sun L., Szabelski A., Szumlak T., Szymanski M., Tou D. Y., Tuci G., Usachov A., Canudas N. V., Gomez R. V., Vecchi S., Vesterinen M., Vilasis-Cardona X., Bruch D. V., Wang Z., Wojton T., Whitehead M., Williams M., Witek M., Xie Y., Xu A., Yin H., Zdybal M., Zenaiev O., Zhang D., Zhang L., Zhu X., Aaij, R, Adinolfi, M, Aiola, S, Akar, S, Albrecht, J, Alexander, M, Amato, S, Amhis, Y, Archilli, F, Bala, M, Bassi, G, Bian, L, Blago, M, Boettcher, T, Boldyrev, A, Borghi, S, Rodriguez, A, Calefice, L, Gomez, M, Perez, D, Cardini, A, Cattaneo, M, Chobanova, V, Ciezarek, G, Vidal, X, Cobbledick, J, Coelho, J, Colombo, T, Contu, A, Couturier, B, Craik, D, Currie, R, D'Argent, P, De Cian, M, Derkach, D, Dordei, F, Dorigo, M, Dufour, L, Durante, P, Dziurda, A, Dzyuba, A, Easo, S, Esen, S, Declara, P, Filippov, S, Fitzpatrick, C, Frank, M, Gandini, P, Gligorov, V, Golobardes, E, Graziani, G, Grillo, L, Gunther, P, Hansmann-Menzemer, S, Hennequin, A, Henry, L, Hill, D, Hollitt, S, Hu, J, Hulsbergen, W, Hunter, R, Hushchyn, M, Jashal, B, Jones, C, Klaver, S, Klimaszewski, K, Kopecna, R, Krzemien, W, Kucharczyk, M, Lane, R, Lazzari, F, Gac, R, Li, P, Lopes, J, Martinez, M, Lupato, A, Lupton, O, Lyu, X, Machefert, F, Madejczyk, O, Malde, S, Marchand, J, Mariani, S, Benito, C, Santos, D, Vidal, F, Matev, R, Mazurek, M, Mitreska, B, Mitzel, D, Morello, M, Mu, H, Muzzetto, P, Naik, P, Needham, M, Neri, N, Neufeld, N, Nolte, N, O'Hanlon, D, Oyanguren, A, Altarelli, M, Petrucci, S, Petruzzo, M, Pica, L, Pisani, F, Piucci, A, Polci, F, Poluektov, A, Polycarpo, E, Prouve, C, Punzi, G, Quagliani, R, Trejo, R, Pernas, M, Rangel, M, Ratnikov, F, Raven, G, Reiss, F, Renaudin, V, Robbe, P, Ryzhikov, A, Santimaria, M, Saur, M, Schiller, M, Schwemmer, R, Sciascia, B, Solomin, A, Suljik, F, Skidmore, N, Sokoloff, M, Spradlin, P, Stahl, M, Stahl, S, Stevens, H, Sun, L, Szabelski, A, Szumlak, T, Szymanski, M, Tou, D, Tuci, G, Usachov, A, Canudas, N, Gomez, R, Vecchi, S, Vesterinen, M, Vilasis-Cardona, X, Bruch, D, Wang, Z, Wojton, T, Whitehead, M, Williams, M, Witek, M, Xie, Y, Xu, A, Yin, H, Zdybal, M, Zenaiev, O, Zhang, D, Zhang, L, Zhu, X, Aaij R., Adinolfi M., Aiola S., Akar S., Albrecht J., Alexander M., Amato S., Amhis Y., Archilli F., Bala M., Bassi G., Bian L., Blago M. P., Boettcher T., Boldyrev A., Borghi S., Rodriguez A. B., Calefice L., Gomez M. C., Perez D. H. C., Cardini A., Cattaneo M., Chobanova V., Ciezarek G., Vidal X. C., Cobbledick J. L., Coelho J. A. B., Colombo T., Contu A., Couturier B., Craik D. C., Currie R., d'Argent P., De Cian M., Derkach D., Dordei F., Dorigo M., Dufour L., Durante P., Dziurda A., Dzyuba A., Easo S., Esen S., Declara P. F., Filippov S., Fitzpatrick C., Frank M., Gandini P., Gligorov V. V., Golobardes E., Graziani G., Grillo L., Gunther P. A., Hansmann-Menzemer S., Hennequin A. M., Henry L., Hill D., Hollitt S. E., Hu J., Hulsbergen W., Hunter R. J., Hushchyn M., Jashal B. K., Jones C. R., Klaver S., Klimaszewski K., Kopecna R., Krzemien W., Kucharczyk M., Lane R., Lazzari F., Gac R. L., Li P., Lopes J. H., Martinez M. L., Lupato A., Lupton O., Lyu X., Machefert F., Madejczyk O., Malde S., Marchand J. F., Mariani S., Benito C. M., Santos D. M., Vidal F. M., Matev R., Mazurek M., Mitreska B., Mitzel D. S., Morello M. J., Mu H., Muzzetto P., Naik P., Needham M., Neri N., Neufeld N., Nolte N. S., O'Hanlon D., Oyanguren A., Altarelli M. P., Petrucci S., Petruzzo M., Pica L., Pisani F., Piucci A., Polci F., Poluektov A., Polycarpo E., Prouve C., Punzi G., Quagliani R., Trejo R. I. R., Pernas M. R., Rangel M. S., Ratnikov F., Raven G., Reiss F., Renaudin V., Robbe P., Ryzhikov A., Santimaria M., Saur M., Schiller M., Schwemmer R., Sciascia B., Solomin A., Suljik F., Skidmore N., Sokoloff M. D., Spradlin P., Stahl M., Stahl S., Stevens H., Sun L., Szabelski A., Szumlak T., Szymanski M., Tou D. Y., Tuci G., Usachov A., Canudas N. V., Gomez R. V., Vecchi S., Vesterinen M., Vilasis-Cardona X., Bruch D. V., Wang Z., Wojton T., Whitehead M., Williams M., Witek M., Xie Y., Xu A., Yin H., Zdybal M., Zenaiev O., Zhang D., Zhang L., and Zhu X.

Abstract

The Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment at CERN is undergoing an upgrade in preparation for the Run 3 data collection period at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). As part of this upgrade, the trigger is moving to a full software implementation operating at the LHC bunch crossing rate. We present an evaluation of a CPU-based and a GPU-based implementation of the first stage of the high-level trigger. After a detailed comparison, both options are found to be viable. This document summarizes the performance and implementation details of these options, the outcome of which has led to the choice of the GPU-based implementation as the baseline.

Published
2022

11. ConGCN: Factorized Graph Convolutional Networks for Consensus Recommendation

Author

Li, B, Guo, T, Zhu, X, Wang, Y, Chen, F, Li, B, Guo, T, Zhu, X, Wang, Y, and Chen, F

Abstract

An essential weakness of existing personalized recommender systems is that the learning is biased and dominated by popular items and users. Existing methods, particularly graph-based approaches, primarily focus on the “heterogeneous interaction” between user-item, leading to a disproportionately large influence of popular nodes during the graph learning process. Recently, popularity debiasing models have been proposed to address this issue, but they excessively concentrate on considering cause-effect or re-weighting the item/user popularity. These approaches artificially alter the nature of the data, inadvertently downplaying the representation learning of popular items/users. Consequently, balancing the trade-off between global recommendation accuracy and unpopular items/users exposure is challenging. In this paper, we advocate the concept of “homogeneous effect” from both user and item perspectives to explore the intrinsic correlation and alleviate the bias effects. Our core theme is to simultaneously factorize user-item interactions, user-user similarity, and item-item correlation, thereby learning balanced representations for items and users. To pursue well-balanced representations, we propose a Consensus factorized Graph Convolution neural Network (ConGCN), which leverages graph-based nonlinear representation learning and manifold constraints to regulate the embedding learning. An inherent advantage of ConGCN is its consensus optimization nature, where item-item and user-user relationships ensure that unpopular items are well preserved in the embedding space. The experiments on four real-world datasets demonstrate that ConGCN outperforms existing single-task-oriented methods on two typical tasks with opposite goals (global recommendation and popularity debiasing recommendation), indicating that our model can perform a balanced recommendation with both higher global and debiasing recommendation accuracy with greater long-tail item/user exposure.

Published
2023

13. Impact Resistance of Thick WC-Ni-Coated Steel Components by Thermal Spray.

Author

Zhang, S. J., Zhu, X. P., Yuan, J. R., and Lei, M. K.

Subjects
*METAL spraying, *COHESIVE strength (Mechanics), *IMPACT loads, *STEEL, *ENERGY dissipation, *SURFACE coatings
Abstract

The impact resistance of coating/substrate systems is still lacking comprehensive understanding, especially for the thermal spray of wear-resistant coatings for coated components in potential applications with heavy-load impact service condition. The impact responses of a thermal spray WC-Ni coating/steel substrate were studied systematically by varying the coating thicknesses from 50 to 300 μm under an impact load of 1–10 kN. Besides conventionally employed crater depth/volume for impact evaluation, a critical impact load is identified to quantify the impact resistance with cracking. Considering the observed cracking modes, two critical loads of Lcc and Lcm have been defined corresponding to the cohesive failure of cracking in coatings and the mixed cohesive–adhesive failure including interface cracking, respectively. Increasing the coating thickness up to 200 μm raised the critical load Lcm from 7.4 to 11.1 kN, followed by a drop to 7.4 kN of Lcc at 300 μm. To reveal the influence of coating thickness, a major surface integrity parameter is proposed as the coating deformation in proportion to the total value of coating/substrate system in correlation to the impact resistance. The dependence of impact resistance on coating thickness is interpreted through the surface integrity changes by the thermodynamic mechanism of effective energy input and dissipation into the coating/substrate system from the external impact load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids

Author

Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Clarke, S. L. (Shoa L.), Wu, K. H. (Kuan-Han H.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Zajac, G. J. (Greg J. M.), Ramdas, S. (Shweta), Surakka, I. (Ida), Ntalla, I. (Ioanna), Vedantam, S. (Sailaja), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Locke, A. E. (Adam E.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), Hwang, M. Y. (Mi Yeong), Han, S. (Sohee), Narita, A. (Akira), Choudhury, A. (Ananyo), Bentley, A. R. (Amy R.), Ekoru, K. (Kenneth), Verma, A. (Anurag), Trivedi, B. (Bhavi), Martin, H. C. (Hilary C.), Hunt, K. A. (Karen A.), Hui, Q. (Qin), Klarin, D. (Derek), Zhu, X. (Xiang), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Helgadottir, A. (Anna), Gudbjartsson, D. F. (Daniel F.), Holm, H. (Hilma), Olafsson, I. (Isleifur), Akiyama, M. (Masato), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terao, C. (Chikashi), Kanai, M. (Masahiro), Zhou, W. (Wei), Brumpton, B. M. (Ben M.), Rasheed, H. (Humaira), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Veturi, Y. (Yogasudha), Feng, Q. (QiPing), Rosenthal, E. A. (Elisabeth A.), Lingren, T. (Todd), Pacheco, J. A. (Jennifer Allen), Pendergrass, S. A. (Sarah A.), Haessler, J. (Jeffrey), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Bradford, Y. (Yuki), Miller, J. E. (Jason E.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Lin, K. (Kuang), Millwood, I. Y. (Iona Y.), Hindy, G. (George), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Zhao, W. (Wei), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Turman, C. (Constance), Huang, H. (Hongyan), Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Brown, M. R. (Michael R.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Yu, K. (Ketian), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Pandit, A. (Anita), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Zhao, J.-H. (Jing-Hua), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Jang, H.-M. (Hye-Mi), Yoon, K. (Kyungheon), Medina-Gomez, C. (Carolina), Pitsillides, A. (Achilleas), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Ji, Y. (Yingji), Gao, Z. (Zishan), Haworth, S. (Simon), Mitchell, R. E. (Ruth E.), Chai, J. F. (Jin Fang), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Yao, J. (Jie), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Warren, H. R. (Helen R.), Ramirez, J. (Julia), Bork-Jensen, J. (Jette), Karhus, L. L. (Line L.), Goel, A. (Anuj), Sabater-Lleal, M. (Maria), Noordam, R. (Raymond), Sidore, C. (Carlo), Fiorillo, E. (Edoardo), McDaid, A. F. (Aaron F.), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Trompet, S. (Stella), Sattar, N. (Naveed), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Munz, M. (Matthias), Zeng, L. (Lingyao), Huang, J. (Jianfeng), Yang, B. (Bin), Poveda, A. (Alaitz), Kurbasic, A. (Azra), Lamina, C. (Claudia), Forer, L. (Lukas), Scholz, M. (Markus), Galesloot, T. E. (Tessel E.), Bradfield, J. P. (Jonathan P.), Daw, E. W. (E. Warwick), Zmuda, J. M. (Joseph M.), Mitchell, J. S. (Jonathan S.), Fuchsberger, C. (Christian), Christensen, H. (Henry), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Wojczynski, M. K. (Mary K.), Preuss, M. (Michael), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Christofidou, P. (Paraskevi), Verweij, N. (Niek), Benjamins, J. W. (Jan W.), Engmann, J. (Jorgen), Kember, R. L. (Rachel L.), Slieker, R. C. (Roderick C.), Lo, K. S. (Ken Sin), Zilhao, N. R. (Nuno R.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Huo, S. (Shaofeng), Ikeda, D. D. (Daisuke D.), Iha, H. (Hiroyuki), Yang, J. (Jian), Liu, J. (Jun), Leonard, H. L. (Hampton L.), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Schmidt, B. (Borge), Arendt, M. (Marina), Smyth, L. J. (Laura J.), Canadas-Garre, M. (Marisa), Wang, C. (Chaolong), Nakatochi, M. (Masahiro), Wong, A. (Andrew), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), Sim, X. (Xueling), Xia, R. (Rui), Huerta-Chagoya, A. (Alicia), Fernandez-Lopez, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Lyssenko, V. (Valeriya), Ahmed, M. (Meraj), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Oldmeadow, C. (Christopher), Kim, H.-N. (Han-Na), Ryu, S. (Seungho), Timmers, P. R. (Paul R. H. J.), Arbeeva, L. (Liubov), Dorajoo, R. (Rajkumar), Lange, L. A. (Leslie A.), Chai, X. (Xiaoran), Prasad, G. (Gauri), Lores-Motta, L. (Laura), Pauper, M. (Marc), Long, J. (Jirong), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Takeuchi, F. (Fumihiko), Spracklen, C. N. (Cassandra N.), Loukola, A. (Anu), Bollepalli, S. (Sailalitha), Warner, S. C. (Sophie C.), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wei, W. B. (Wen B.), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Ruggiero, D. (Daniela), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Chen, S. (Shufeng), Liu, F. (Fangchao), Yang, J. (Jingyun), Kentistou, K. A. (Katherine A.), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Brumat, M. (Marco), Meidtner, K. (Karina), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Hebbar, P. (Prashantha), Farmaki, A.-E. (Aliki-Eleni), Hofer, E. (Edith), Lin, M. (Maoxuan), Xue, C. (Chao), Zhang, J. (Jifeng), Concas, M. P. (Maria Pina), Vaccargiu, S. (Simona), van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Pitkanen, N. (Niina), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Lee, J. (Jiwon), van Der Laan, S. W. (Sander W.), Chitrala, K. N. (Kumaraswamy Naidu), Weiss, S. (Stefan), Zimmermann, M. E. (Martina E.), Lee, J. Y. (Jong Young), Choi, H. S. (Hyeok Sun), Nethander, M. (Maria), Freitag-Wolf, S. (Sandra), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Rayner, N. W. (Nigel W.), Wang, C. A. (Carol A.), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Wang, J.-S. (Jun-Sing), Couture, C. (Christian), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Nikus, K. (Kjell), Cuellar-Partida, G. (Gabriel), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Hildalgo, B. (Bertha), Giannakopoulou, O. (Olga), Cai, Q. (Qiuyin), Obura, M. O. (Morgan O.), van Setten, J. (Jessica), Li, X. (Xiaoyin), Schwander, K. (Karen), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Shin, J. H. (Jae Hun), Jackson, R. D. (Rebecca D.), Reiner, A. P. (Alexander P.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa Warsinger), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Li, L. (Liming), Highland, H. M. (Heather M.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Kawaguchi, T. (Takahisa), Thiery, J. (Joachim), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Nadkarni, G. N. (Girish N.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Li, H. (Huaixing), Nalls, M. A. (Mike A.), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Ichihara, S. (Sahoko), Wild, S. H. (Sarah H.), Nelson, C. P. (Christopher P.), Campbell, H. (Harry), Jager, S. (Susanne), Nabika, T. (Toru), Al-Mulla, F. (Fahd), Niinikoski, H. (Harri), Braund, P. S. (Peter S.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kovacs, P. (Peter), Giardoglou, T. (Tota), Katsuya, T. (Tomohiro), Bhatti, F. (Fatima), de Kleijn, D. (Dominique), de Borst, G. J. (Gert J.), Kim, E. K. (Eung Kweon), Adams, H. H. (Hieab H. H.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Asselbergs, F. W. (Folkert W.), Kraaijeveld, A. O. (Adriaan O.), Beulens, J. W. (Joline W. J.), Shu, X.-O. (Xiao-Ou), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Hansen, T. (Torben), Mitchell, P. (Paul), Hewitt, A. W. (Alex W.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Perusse, L. (Louis), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Tonjes, A. (Anke), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der Ida), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Lieb, W. (Wolfgang), Franke, A. (Andre), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Mellstrom, D. (Dan), Cho, Y. S. (Yoon Shin), Lee, H. (Hyejin), Yuan, J.-M. (Jian-Min), Koh, W.-P. (Woon-Puay), Rhee, S. Y. (Sang Youl), Woo, J.-T. (Jeong-Taek), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Stark, K. J. (Klaus J.), Volzke, H. (Henry), Homuth, G. (Georg), Evans, M. K. (Michele K.), Zonderman, A. B. (Alan B.), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pasterkamp, G. (Gerard), Hoefer, I. E. (Imo E.), Redline, S. (Susan), Pahkala, K. (Katja), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Biino, G. (Ginevra), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Chen, Y. E. (Y. Eugene), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Dedoussis, G. (George), Thanaraj, T. A. (Thangavel Alphonse), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kato, N. (Norihiro), Schulze, M. B. (Matthias B.), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Jung, B. (Bettina), Boger, C. A. (Carsten A.), Joshi, P. K. (Peter K.), Bennett, D. A. (David A.), De Jager, P. L. (Philip L.), Lu, X. (Xiangfeng), Mamakou, V. (Vasiliki), Brown, M. (Morris), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Pajukanta, P. (Paivi), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Bechayda, S. A. (Sonny Augustin), de Silva, H. J. (H. Janaka), Wickremasinghe, A. R. (Ananda R.), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Wu, J.-Y. (Jer-Yuarn), Zheng, W. (Wei), den Hollander, A. I. (Anneke, I), Bharadwaj, D. (Dwaipayan), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Lind, L. (Lars), Heng, C.-K. (Chew-Kiat), Nelson, A. E. (Amanda E.), Golightly, Y. M. (Yvonne M.), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Penninx, B. (Brenda), Kim, H.-L. (Hyung-Lae), Attia, J. (John), Scott, R. J. (Rodney J.), Rao, D. C. (D. C.), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Walker, M. (Mark), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Chandak, G. R. (Giriraj R.), Yajnik, C. S. (Chittaranjan S.), Mercader, J. M. (Josep M.), Tusie-Luna, T. (Teresa), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Villalpando, C. G. (Clicerio Gonzalez), Orozco, L. (Lorena), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), van Dam, R. M. (Rob M.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Yokota, M. (Mitsuhiro), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Reilly, D. F. (Dermot F.), McKnight, A. J. (Amy Jayne), Kee, F. (Frank), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark, I), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Simonsick, E. (Eleanor), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Lu, F. (Fan), Qu, J. (Jia), Hishigaki, H. (Haretsugu), Lin, X. (Xu), Marz, W. (Winfried), Parra, E. J. (Esteban J.), Cruz, M. (Miguel), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Tardif, J.-C. (Jean-Claude), Lettre, G. (Guillaume), Elders, P. J. (Petra J. M.), Damrauer, S. M. (Scott M.), Kumari, M. (Meena), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), van der Harst, P. (Pim), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Province, M. A. (Michael A.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Brandslund, I. (Ivan), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Christensen, K. (Kaare), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Widen, E. (Elisabeth), Hakonarson, H. (Hakon), Grant, S. F. (Struan F. A.), Kiemeney, L. A. (Lambertus A. L. M.), de Graaf, J. (Jacqueline), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Kronenberg, F. (Florian), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Jukema, J. W. (J. Wouter), Khera, A. V. (Amit, V), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Mook-Kanamori, D. O. (Dennis O.), van Dijk, K. W. (Ko Willems), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Grarup, N. (Niels), Sever, P. (Peter), Poulter, N. (Neil), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome, I), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Karpe, F. (Fredrik), Neville, M. J. (Matt J.), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Wong, T.-Y. (Tien-Yin), Khor, C. C. (Chiea Chuen), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Peters, A. (Annette), Gieger, C. (Christian), Hattersley, A. T. (Andrew T.), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K. E.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), van Meurs, J. B. (Joyce B. J.), Ghanbari, M. (Mohsen), Rsen, P. G. (Penny Gordon-La), Huang, W. (Wei), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Laakso, M. (Markku), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Daviglus, M. (Martha), Kraft, P. (Peter), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Abbas, S. (Shahid), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Walters, R. G. (Robin G.), Holmes, M. V. (Michael, V), Black, C. (Corri), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Baras, A. (Aris), Buring, J. E. (Julie E.), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel, I), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Wei, W.-Q. (Wei-Qi), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Namjou, B. (Bahram), Hayes, M. G. (M. Geoffrey), Ritchie, M. D. (Marylyn D.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Asvold, B. O. (Bjorn Olav), Kubo, M. (Michiaki), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Murakami, Y. (Yoshinori), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ho, Y.-L. (Yuk-Lam), Lynch, J. A. (Julie A.), Rader, D. J. (Daniel J.), Tsao, P. S. (Philip S.), Chang, K.-M. (Kyong-Mi), Cho, K. (Kelly), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gaziano, J. M. (John M.), Wilson, P. (Peter), Rotimi, C. N. (Charles N.), Hazelhurst, S. (Scott), Ramsay, M. (Michele), Trembath, R. C. (Richard C.), van Heel, D. A. (David A.), Tamiya, G. (Gen), Yamamoto, M. (Masayuki), Kim, B.-J. (Bong-Jo), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Peloso, G. M. (Gina M.), Brown, C. D. (Christopher D.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Sun, Y. V. (Yan, V), Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.), Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Clarke, S. L. (Shoa L.), Wu, K. H. (Kuan-Han H.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Zajac, G. J. (Greg J. M.), Ramdas, S. (Shweta), Surakka, I. (Ida), Ntalla, I. (Ioanna), Vedantam, S. (Sailaja), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Locke, A. E. (Adam E.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), Hwang, M. Y. (Mi Yeong), Han, S. (Sohee), Narita, A. (Akira), Choudhury, A. (Ananyo), Bentley, A. R. (Amy R.), Ekoru, K. (Kenneth), Verma, A. (Anurag), Trivedi, B. (Bhavi), Martin, H. C. (Hilary C.), Hunt, K. A. (Karen A.), Hui, Q. (Qin), Klarin, D. (Derek), Zhu, X. (Xiang), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Helgadottir, A. (Anna), Gudbjartsson, D. F. (Daniel F.), Holm, H. (Hilma), Olafsson, I. (Isleifur), Akiyama, M. (Masato), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terao, C. (Chikashi), Kanai, M. (Masahiro), Zhou, W. (Wei), Brumpton, B. M. (Ben M.), Rasheed, H. (Humaira), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Veturi, Y. (Yogasudha), Feng, Q. (QiPing), Rosenthal, E. A. (Elisabeth A.), Lingren, T. (Todd), Pacheco, J. A. (Jennifer Allen), Pendergrass, S. A. (Sarah A.), Haessler, J. (Jeffrey), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Bradford, Y. (Yuki), Miller, J. E. (Jason E.), Campbell, A. (Archie), Lin, K. (Kuang), Millwood, I. Y. (Iona Y.), Hindy, G. (George), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Zhao, W. (Wei), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Turman, C. (Constance), Huang, H. (Hongyan), Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Brown, M. R. (Michael R.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Yu, K. (Ketian), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Pandit, A. (Anita), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Yin, X. (Xianyong), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Zhao, J.-H. (Jing-Hua), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Jang, H.-M. (Hye-Mi), Yoon, K. (Kyungheon), Medina-Gomez, C. (Carolina), Pitsillides, A. (Achilleas), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Wood, A. R. (Andrew R.), Ji, Y. (Yingji), Gao, Z. (Zishan), Haworth, S. (Simon), Mitchell, R. E. (Ruth E.), Chai, J. F. (Jin Fang), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Yao, J. (Jie), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Warren, H. R. (Helen R.), Ramirez, J. (Julia), Bork-Jensen, J. (Jette), Karhus, L. L. (Line L.), Goel, A. (Anuj), Sabater-Lleal, M. (Maria), Noordam, R. (Raymond), Sidore, C. (Carlo), Fiorillo, E. (Edoardo), McDaid, A. F. (Aaron F.), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Wielscher, M. (Matthias), Trompet, S. (Stella), Sattar, N. (Naveed), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Munz, M. (Matthias), Zeng, L. (Lingyao), Huang, J. (Jianfeng), Yang, B. (Bin), Poveda, A. (Alaitz), Kurbasic, A. (Azra), Lamina, C. (Claudia), Forer, L. (Lukas), Scholz, M. (Markus), Galesloot, T. E. (Tessel E.), Bradfield, J. P. (Jonathan P.), Daw, E. W. (E. Warwick), Zmuda, J. M. (Joseph M.), Mitchell, J. S. (Jonathan S.), Fuchsberger, C. (Christian), Christensen, H. (Henry), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Wojczynski, M. K. (Mary K.), Preuss, M. (Michael), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Christofidou, P. (Paraskevi), Verweij, N. (Niek), Benjamins, J. W. (Jan W.), Engmann, J. (Jorgen), Kember, R. L. (Rachel L.), Slieker, R. C. (Roderick C.), Lo, K. S. (Ken Sin), Zilhao, N. R. (Nuno R.), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Huo, S. (Shaofeng), Ikeda, D. D. (Daisuke D.), Iha, H. (Hiroyuki), Yang, J. (Jian), Liu, J. (Jun), Leonard, H. L. (Hampton L.), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Schmidt, B. (Borge), Arendt, M. (Marina), Smyth, L. J. (Laura J.), Canadas-Garre, M. (Marisa), Wang, C. (Chaolong), Nakatochi, M. (Masahiro), Wong, A. (Andrew), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), Sim, X. (Xueling), Xia, R. (Rui), Huerta-Chagoya, A. (Alicia), Fernandez-Lopez, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Lyssenko, V. (Valeriya), Ahmed, M. (Meraj), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Oldmeadow, C. (Christopher), Kim, H.-N. (Han-Na), Ryu, S. (Seungho), Timmers, P. R. (Paul R. H. J.), Arbeeva, L. (Liubov), Dorajoo, R. (Rajkumar), Lange, L. A. (Leslie A.), Chai, X. (Xiaoran), Prasad, G. (Gauri), Lores-Motta, L. (Laura), Pauper, M. (Marc), Long, J. (Jirong), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Takeuchi, F. (Fumihiko), Spracklen, C. N. (Cassandra N.), Loukola, A. (Anu), Bollepalli, S. (Sailalitha), Warner, S. C. (Sophie C.), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wei, W. B. (Wen B.), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Ruggiero, D. (Daniela), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Chen, S. (Shufeng), Liu, F. (Fangchao), Yang, J. (Jingyun), Kentistou, K. A. (Katherine A.), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Brumat, M. (Marco), Meidtner, K. (Karina), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Hebbar, P. (Prashantha), Farmaki, A.-E. (Aliki-Eleni), Hofer, E. (Edith), Lin, M. (Maoxuan), Xue, C. (Chao), Zhang, J. (Jifeng), Concas, M. P. (Maria Pina), Vaccargiu, S. (Simona), van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Pitkanen, N. (Niina), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Lee, J. (Jiwon), van Der Laan, S. W. (Sander W.), Chitrala, K. N. (Kumaraswamy Naidu), Weiss, S. (Stefan), Zimmermann, M. E. (Martina E.), Lee, J. Y. (Jong Young), Choi, H. S. (Hyeok Sun), Nethander, M. (Maria), Freitag-Wolf, S. (Sandra), Southam, L. (Lorraine), Rayner, N. W. (Nigel W.), Wang, C. A. (Carol A.), Lin, S.-Y. (Shih-Yi), Wang, J.-S. (Jun-Sing), Couture, C. (Christian), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Nikus, K. (Kjell), Cuellar-Partida, G. (Gabriel), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Hildalgo, B. (Bertha), Giannakopoulou, O. (Olga), Cai, Q. (Qiuyin), Obura, M. O. (Morgan O.), van Setten, J. (Jessica), Li, X. (Xiaoyin), Schwander, K. (Karen), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Shin, J. H. (Jae Hun), Jackson, R. D. (Rebecca D.), Reiner, A. P. (Alexander P.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa Warsinger), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Li, L. (Liming), Highland, H. M. (Heather M.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Kawaguchi, T. (Takahisa), Thiery, J. (Joachim), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Nadkarni, G. N. (Girish N.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Li, H. (Huaixing), Nalls, M. A. (Mike A.), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Ichihara, S. (Sahoko), Wild, S. H. (Sarah H.), Nelson, C. P. (Christopher P.), Campbell, H. (Harry), Jager, S. (Susanne), Nabika, T. (Toru), Al-Mulla, F. (Fahd), Niinikoski, H. (Harri), Braund, P. S. (Peter S.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kovacs, P. (Peter), Giardoglou, T. (Tota), Katsuya, T. (Tomohiro), Bhatti, F. (Fatima), de Kleijn, D. (Dominique), de Borst, G. J. (Gert J.), Kim, E. K. (Eung Kweon), Adams, H. H. (Hieab H. H.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Asselbergs, F. W. (Folkert W.), Kraaijeveld, A. O. (Adriaan O.), Beulens, J. W. (Joline W. J.), Shu, X.-O. (Xiao-Ou), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Hansen, T. (Torben), Mitchell, P. (Paul), Hewitt, A. W. (Alex W.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Perusse, L. (Louis), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Tonjes, A. (Anke), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der Ida), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Mori, T. A. (Trevor A.), Lieb, W. (Wolfgang), Franke, A. (Andre), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Mellstrom, D. (Dan), Cho, Y. S. (Yoon Shin), Lee, H. (Hyejin), Yuan, J.-M. (Jian-Min), Koh, W.-P. (Woon-Puay), Rhee, S. Y. (Sang Youl), Woo, J.-T. (Jeong-Taek), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Stark, K. J. (Klaus J.), Volzke, H. (Henry), Homuth, G. (Georg), Evans, M. K. (Michele K.), Zonderman, A. B. (Alan B.), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pasterkamp, G. (Gerard), Hoefer, I. E. (Imo E.), Redline, S. (Susan), Pahkala, K. (Katja), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Biino, G. (Ginevra), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Chen, Y. E. (Y. Eugene), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Dedoussis, G. (George), Thanaraj, T. A. (Thangavel Alphonse), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kato, N. (Norihiro), Schulze, M. B. (Matthias B.), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Jung, B. (Bettina), Boger, C. A. (Carsten A.), Joshi, P. K. (Peter K.), Bennett, D. A. (David A.), De Jager, P. L. (Philip L.), Lu, X. (Xiangfeng), Mamakou, V. (Vasiliki), Brown, M. (Morris), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Pajukanta, P. (Paivi), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Bechayda, S. A. (Sonny Augustin), de Silva, H. J. (H. Janaka), Wickremasinghe, A. R. (Ananda R.), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Wu, J.-Y. (Jer-Yuarn), Zheng, W. (Wei), den Hollander, A. I. (Anneke, I), Bharadwaj, D. (Dwaipayan), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Lind, L. (Lars), Heng, C.-K. (Chew-Kiat), Nelson, A. E. (Amanda E.), Golightly, Y. M. (Yvonne M.), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Penninx, B. (Brenda), Kim, H.-L. (Hyung-Lae), Attia, J. (John), Scott, R. J. (Rodney J.), Rao, D. C. (D. C.), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Walker, M. (Mark), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Chandak, G. R. (Giriraj R.), Yajnik, C. S. (Chittaranjan S.), Mercader, J. M. (Josep M.), Tusie-Luna, T. (Teresa), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Villalpando, C. G. (Clicerio Gonzalez), Orozco, L. (Lorena), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), van Dam, R. M. (Rob M.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Yokota, M. (Mitsuhiro), Liu, J. (Jianjun), Reilly, D. F. (Dermot F.), McKnight, A. J. (Amy Jayne), Kee, F. (Frank), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark, I), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Simonsick, E. (Eleanor), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Lu, F. (Fan), Qu, J. (Jia), Hishigaki, H. (Haretsugu), Lin, X. (Xu), Marz, W. (Winfried), Parra, E. J. (Esteban J.), Cruz, M. (Miguel), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Tardif, J.-C. (Jean-Claude), Lettre, G. (Guillaume), Elders, P. J. (Petra J. M.), Damrauer, S. M. (Scott M.), Kumari, M. (Meena), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), van der Harst, P. (Pim), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Province, M. A. (Michael A.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Brandslund, I. (Ivan), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Christensen, K. (Kaare), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Widen, E. (Elisabeth), Hakonarson, H. (Hakon), Grant, S. F. (Struan F. A.), Kiemeney, L. A. (Lambertus A. L. M.), de Graaf, J. (Jacqueline), Loeffler, M. (Markus), Kronenberg, F. (Florian), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Jukema, J. W. (J. Wouter), Khera, A. V. (Amit, V), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Mook-Kanamori, D. O. (Dennis O.), van Dijk, K. W. (Ko Willems), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Grarup, N. (Niels), Sever, P. (Peter), Poulter, N. (Neil), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome, I), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Karpe, F. (Fredrik), Neville, M. J. (Matt J.), Timpson, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Wong, T.-Y. (Tien-Yin), Khor, C. C. (Chiea Chuen), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Peters, A. (Annette), Gieger, C. (Christian), Hattersley, A. T. (Andrew T.), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K. E.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), van Meurs, J. B. (Joyce B. J.), Ghanbari, M. (Mohsen), Rsen, P. G. (Penny Gordon-La), Huang, W. (Wei), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Laakso, M. (Markku), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Daviglus, M. (Martha), Kraft, P. (Peter), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Abbas, S. (Shahid), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Walters, R. G. (Robin G.), Holmes, M. V. (Michael, V), Black, C. (Corri), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Baras, A. (Aris), Buring, J. E. (Julie E.), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel, I), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Wei, W.-Q. (Wei-Qi), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Namjou, B. (Bahram), Hayes, M. G. (M. Geoffrey), Ritchie, M. D. (Marylyn D.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Asvold, B. O. (Bjorn Olav), Kubo, M. (Michiaki), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Murakami, Y. (Yoshinori), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ho, Y.-L. (Yuk-Lam), Lynch, J. A. (Julie A.), Rader, D. J. (Daniel J.), Tsao, P. S. (Philip S.), Chang, K.-M. (Kyong-Mi), Cho, K. (Kelly), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gaziano, J. M. (John M.), Wilson, P. (Peter), Rotimi, C. N. (Charles N.), Hazelhurst, S. (Scott), Ramsay, M. (Michele), Trembath, R. C. (Richard C.), van Heel, D. A. (David A.), Tamiya, G. (Gen), Yamamoto, M. (Masayuki), Kim, B.-J. (Bong-Jo), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Peloso, G. M. (Gina M.), Brown, C. D. (Christopher D.), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Sun, Y. V. (Yan, V), and Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.)

Abstract

Increased blood lipid levels are heritable risk factors of cardiovascular disease with varied prevalence worldwide owing to different dietary patterns and medication use1. Despite advances in prevention and treatment, in particular through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels2, heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide3. Genome-wideassociation studies (GWAS) of blood lipid levels have led to important biological and clinical insights, as well as new drug targets, for cardiovascular disease. However, most previous GWAS4‐23 have been conducted in European ancestry populations and may have missed genetic variants that contribute to lipid-level variation in other ancestry groups. These include differences in allele frequencies, effect sizes and linkage-disequilibrium patterns24. Here we conduct a multi-ancestry, genome-wide genetic discovery meta-analysis of lipid levels in approximately 1.65 million individuals, including 350,000 of non-European ancestries. We quantify the gain in studying non-European ancestries and provide evidence to support the expansion of recruitment of additional ancestries, even with relatively small sample sizes. We find that increasing diversity rather than studying additional individuals of European ancestry results in substantial improvements in fine-mapping functional variants and portability of polygenic prediction (evaluated in approximately 295,000 individuals from 7 ancestry groupings). Modest gains in the number of discovered loci and ancestry-specific variants were also achieved. As GWAS expand emphasis beyond the identification of genes and fundamental biology towards the use of genetic variants for preventive and precision medicine25, we anticipate that increased diversity of participants will lead to more accurate and equitable26 application of polygenic scores in clinical practice.

Published
2021

15. Channel selection from source localization: A review of four EEG-based brain–computer interfaces paradigms.

Author

Guttmann-Flury, E., Sheng, X., and Zhu, X.

Subjects
BRAIN-computer interfaces, VISUAL evoked potentials, MOTOR imagery (Cognition), STATISTICAL power analysis, COMPUTATIONAL complexity
Abstract

Channel selection is a critical part of the classification procedure for multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCI). An optimized subset of electrodes reduces computational complexity and optimizes accuracy. Different tasks activate different sources in the brain and are characterized by distinctive channels. The goal of the current review is to define a subset of electrodes for each of four popular BCI paradigms: motor imagery, motor execution, steady-state visual evoked potentials and P300. Twenty-one studies have been reviewed to identify the most significant activations of cortical sources. The relevant EEG sensors are determined from the reported 3D Talairach coordinates. They are scored by their weighted mean Cohen's d and its confidence interval, providing the magnitude of the corresponding effect size and its statistical significance. Our goal is to create a knowledge-based channel selection framework with a sufficient statistical power. The core channel selection (CCS) could be used as a reference by EEG researchers and would have the advantages of practicality and rapidity, allowing for an easy implementation of semiparametric algorithms. Highlights: Cortical sources activations differ depending on the brain–computer interface (BCI) task and their modulations. The results from 21 studies are combined to define an optimized subset of EEG electrodes per BCI task. The magnitude and significance of the Cohen's d effect size are calculated for each task-dependent EEG electrode. This knowledge-based channel selection framework could be used as a reference by EEG researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Analysis of Ground Settlement during Shield Tunnel Construction in Soft Soil.

Author

Huang, R., Zhu, J.-X., Zhu, X.-J., and Liu, Z.-M.

Subjects
TUNNEL design & construction, TUNNEL lining, RAILROADS
Abstract

The development of ground settlement during the construction of a shield tunnel in soft soil was analyzed taking the Shaoxing Rail Transit Line 1 tunnel interval as an example. The transverse and longitudinal ground settlements were fitted and analyzed using different prediction methods. The results show that the Peck and Yoshikoshi formulas provide high prediction accuracies for transverse ground settlements, whereas the Loganathan method produces certain errors in the center of the shield axis. Under soft soil conditions, the prediction accuracy of each method is also affected by the burial depth of the shield tunnel in different monitoring sections. The predicted longitudinal surface settlement values obtained using the modified Yoshikoshi method and Sagaseta method are more consistent with the measured data. The results provide an important reference for the prediction and analysis of shield tunnel settlement in analogous soft soil areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Ultra-high-resolution observations of persistent null-point reconnection in the solar corona.

Author

Cheng, X., Priest, E. R., Li, H. T., Chen, J., Aulanier, G., Chitta, L. P., Wang, Y. L., Peter, H., Zhu, X. S., Xing, C., Ding, M. D., Solanki, S. K., Berghmans, D., Teriaca, L., Aznar Cuadrado, R., Zhukov, A. N., Guo, Y., Long, D., Harra, L., and Smith, P. J.

Subjects
MAGNETIC reconnection, SPACE stations, SPACE plasmas, SOLAR corona, MASS transfer, SUNSPOTS, ENERGY transfer
Abstract

Magnetic reconnection is a key mechanism involved in solar eruptions and is also a prime possibility to heat the low corona to millions of degrees. Here, we present ultra-high-resolution extreme ultraviolet observations of persistent null-point reconnection in the corona at a scale of about 390 km over one hour observations of the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imager on board Solar Orbiter spacecraft. The observations show formation of a null-point configuration above a minor positive polarity embedded within a region of dominant negative polarity near a sunspot. The gentle phase of the persistent null-point reconnection is evidenced by sustained point-like high-temperature plasma (about 10 MK) near the null-point and constant outflow blobs not only along the outer spine but also along the fan surface. The blobs appear at a higher frequency than previously observed with an average velocity of about 80 km s−1 and life-times of about 40 s. The null-point reconnection also occurs explosively but only for 4 minutes, its coupling with a mini-filament eruption generates a spiral jet. These results suggest that magnetic reconnection, at previously unresolved scales, proceeds continually in a gentle and/or explosive way to persistently transfer mass and energy to the overlying corona. Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental energy release mechanism in space and laboratory plasmas. Here, the authors show persistent magnetic null-point reconnection in the solar corona at a scale of about 390 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. A phase I trial of LXS196, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, for metastatic uveal melanoma.

Author

Piperno-Neumann, S., Carlino, M. S., Boni, V., Loirat, D., Speetjens, F. M., Park, J. J., Calvo, E., Carvajal, R. D., Nyakas, M., Gonzalez-Maffe, J., Zhu, X., Shirley, M. D., Ramkumar, T., Fessehatsion, A., Burks, H. E., Yerramilli-Rao, P., and Kapiteijn, E.

Abstract

Background: Up to 50% of patients with uveal melanoma develop metastases (MUM) with a poor prognosis and median overall survival of approximately 1 year. Methods: This phase I study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and efficacy of the oral protein kinase C inhibitor LXS196 in 68 patients with MUM (NCT02601378). Patients received LXS196 doses ranging from 100–1000 mg once daily (QD; n = 38) and 200–400 mg twice daily (BID; n = 30). Results: First cycle dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in 7/38 (18.4%) QD and 2/17 (11.8%) BID patients. Hypotension was the most common DLT, occurring at doses ≥500 mg/day, and manageable with LXS196 interruption and dose reduction. Median duration of exposure to LXS196 was 3.71 months (range: 1.81–15.28) for QD and 4.6 months (range: 0.33–58.32) for BID dosing. Clinical activity was observed in 6/66 (9.1%) evaluable patients achieving response (CR/PR), with a median duration of response of 10.15 months (range: 2.99–41.95); 45/66 had stable disease (SD) per RECIST v1.1. At 300 mg BID, the recommended dose for expansion, 2/18 (11.1%) evaluable patients achieved PR and 12/18 (66.7%) had SD. Conclusion: These results suggest manageable toxicity and encouraging clinical activity of single-agent LXS196 in patients with MUM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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19. Investigation and Experimental Study on Gearbox Vibration Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Fusion Feature Convolutional Learning Network.

Author

Zhu, X., Ye, X., Wang, R., Zhao, W., Luo, X., Zhao, J., Han, Z., and Gao, X.

Subjects
*GEARBOXES, *FAULT diagnosis, *CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, *DEEP learning, *ENGINEERING laboratories, *DIAGNOSIS methods, *ELECTRIC power failures
Abstract

When the gearbox fails, the impulsive fault feature is usually submerged in other frequency component. The recognition accuracy of the network model will be seriously affected when directly using the vibration signal as the sample input of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). To solve this problem, a state recognition method based on vibration signal fusion feature convolutional learning network (FF-CNN) is proposed to conduct the gear fault diagnosis. This method uses the Resonance-based Sparse Signal Decomposition (RSSD) algorithm to separate the periodic and impulsive components that characterize different fault characteristics of the vibration signal. The impulsive feature is amplified by the Teager energy operator. And then the signal periodic and impulsive components are input into CNN to perform the targeted deep learning. Finally, the efficiency of this method is validated using the gear power transmission failure simulation experimental setup. The research in this paper improves the effectiveness of the feature learning, reduces the complexity of deep learning model, and ensures the accuracy of state recognition. Through experimental research, it is found that the recognition accuracy of the recognition model based on the method in this paper reaches more than 95.6%. Highlights: The experiments were carried out in the dynamic engineering laboratory. An FF-CNN method is proposed to conduct the fault diagnosis. T-SNE tool in the manifold learning method was used to visualize the results. FF-CNN can improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis by separating fault features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Large Compressive Plasticity of Brittle La69Co17Al14 Bulk Metallic Glass Under Constrained Compression.

Author

Shao, K. W., Zhou, W. H., Gao, K., Zhu, X. G., Jia, P., and Li, Y.

Abstract

Catastrophic brittle failure prevents the application of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs).The brittle La69Co17Al14 BMG shows large compressive plasticity when compressed in constrained conditions. Here the compressive plasticity of this BMG was systematically studied by decreasing aspect ratio (height/diameter) of the samples in uniaxial compression and the brittle-ductile transition occurs at an aspect ratio of 0.36. With the increase of the plasticity (decrease of the aspect ratio), the hardness decreases firstly and then increases, however, the relaxation enthalpy indicating its structure increases monotonically. Our findings provide a powerful experimental support for the application of brittle La-based BMGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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21. Effect of BaO–2B2O3 sintering aid on the structural and electrical properties of high temperature piezoelectric ceramic Bi3TiNbO9.

Author

Tao, M., Pan, C. B., Yin, L. H., Song, W. H., Zhu, X. B., Yang, J., and Sun, Y. P.

Abstract

High temperature piezoelectric ceramic Bi3TiNbO9 with the addition of BaO–2B2O3 as sintering aid was prepared by a solid-state reaction method. The addition of BaO–2B2O3 can promote the growth of grains and increase the density of the samples. Both the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of Bi3TiNbO9 with the addition of BaO–2B2O3 increase remarkably compared with Bi3TiNbO9. The maximum remanent polarization and piezoelectric coefficient of the sample with the addition of 2 wt% BaO–2B2O3 can reach 8.67 µC/cm2 of 14 pC/N, which is about 4 and 7 times as large as the corresponding values of Bi3TiNbO9. The increased electrical properties can be ascribed to the dense morphology, the increased structural distortion, and the reduced concentration of oxygen vacancies. This study is useful for the preparation of high-temperature piezoelectric ceramic Bi3TiNbO9 with reasonable electrical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Improved ferroelectric properties of BiFe0.93Mn0.07O3-0.82BiFe0.975Ti0.025O3-0.18CaTiO3 composite thin film by optimization of annealing temperature.

Author

Wang, J. M. Z., Shu, M. F., Li, S. M., Pan, C. B., Tao, M., Yin, L. H., Song, W. H., Zhu, X. B., Yang, J., and Sun, Y. P.

Subjects
THIN films, CHEMICAL solution deposition, PIEZOELECTRIC thin films, PIEZOELECTRIC composites, SPACE groups, SURFACE morphology
Abstract

BiFe0.93Mn0.07O3-0.82BiFe0.975Ti0.025O3-0.18CaTiO3 thin films were prepared on Pt/Si substrate by chemical solution deposition. The microstructure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the composite films under different annealing temperature were studied systematically. The thin film annealed at 500 °C possesses the maximum remanent polarization and piezoelectric coefficient of 112.6 µC/cm2 and 878.2 pm/V, respectively, which is comparable to most of BiFeO3-based orientated films. The results can be ascribed to the dense and uniform grain distribution in the surface morphology, and coexistence of rhombohedral twisted perovskite symmetrical structure (R3c space group) and pseudo-cubic structural phase. This work provides a feasible way to prepare high-quality lead-free composite ferroelectric films at low-cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Research on Grassland Rodent Infestation Monitoring Methods Based on Dense Residual Networks and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing.

Author

Zhang, T., Du, J., Zhu, X., and Gao, X.

Subjects
REMOTE sensing, GRASSLANDS, RODENT populations, DATA acquisition systems, RODENTS, THEMATIC mapper satellite, LANDSAT satellites, GRASSLAND soils
Abstract

Grassland rodent infestations are important factors that limit the healthy development of grassland ecosystems. Understanding the spatial distributions of rodent populations in relation to vegetation and soil is a prerequisite for implementing ecological prevention and control measures to alleviate rodent infestations. A low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral image data acquisition system has been developed for monitoring grassland rodent infestations. The three-dimensional dense convolutional network (3D-DenseNet) model is improved by using a residual structure and asymmetric convolution, and a 3D deep dense residual network (3D-DDRNet) model is proposed and used to classify the features of grassland rodent monitoring information. The results show that the overall classification accuracy of the 3D-DDRNet model is 96.68%, and the model size is 6.12 MB. The overall accuracy is improved by 1.46%, and the model size is reduced by 15.5% compared with that achieved before the improvement. This study can be used as a benchmark for the extraction and inversion of rodent information acquired from grassland remote sensing images, and it provides a theoretical basis for grassland rodent pest control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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24. Suppression of Heavy Ion Generation in a Vacuum Diode with a Passive Anode.

Author

Pushkarev, A. I., Zhu, X. P., Egorova, Yu. I., Prima, A., Polisadov, S. S., and Lei, M. K.

Subjects
*HEAVY ions, *PLASMA diodes, *ANODES, *ELECTRON emission, *ION emission, *ION bombardment
Abstract

The results of the simulation and experimental study of the high-power ion beam generation in an ion diode with a passive anode (accelerating voltage of 250–300 kV, pulse duration of 150 ns, beam energy per pulse of ≈50 J) are presented. The studies were carried out on a diode with a stainless steel anode during operation in the mode of double pulses of different polarities and plasma formation at explosive emission of electrons during the first pulse. It is found that a diode with a metal anode generates nitrogen ions, and the content of heavier ions of the anode material (Fe+) is insignificant. It is shown that the suppression of the heavy ion generation in an ion diode with a passive anode is caused by a higher expansion rate of the light-ion component of the anode plasma. The penetration depth of the electric field into the anode plasma is less than the layer thickness of lighter ions at its emission boundary; therefore, only light ions are emitted from the anode plasma and accelerated in the anode–cathode gap. The suppression of the heavy ion generation in a diode with a passive anode is a positive effect that provides an increase in the ion current when operating in the current limitation mode by the volume charge and a decrease in the density of impurity ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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25. Search for the lepton flavour violating decay B+ -> K+mu(-)tau(+) using Bs20 decays

Author

Aaij, R., Beteta, C. Abellan, Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Albero, A. Alfonso, Alkhazov, G., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Alves A. A., Jr., Amato, S., Amerio, S., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreassi, G., Andreotti, M., Andrews, J. E., Archilli, F., d'Argent, P., Romeu, J. Arnau, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Back, J. J., Baker, S., Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Baranov, A., Barlow, R. J., Barrand, G. C., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., baryshnikov, F., Batozskaya, V., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Battista, V., Bay, A., Beddow, J., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I., Beiter, A., Bel, L. J., Belin, S., Beliy, N., Bellee, V., Belloli, N., Belous, K., Belyaev, I., Ben-Haim, E., Bencivenni, G., Benson, S., Beranek, S., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bertholet, E., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bettler, M. O., van Beuzekom, M., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Birnkraut, A., Bizzeti, A., Bjorn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bocci, V., Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Bossu, F., Boubdir, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Bozzi, C., Braun, S., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Calladine, R., Calvi, M., Calvo Gomez, M., Camboni, A., Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Capriotti, L., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carniti, P., Carvalho Akiba, K., Casse, G., Cassina, L., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cenci, R., Chamont, D., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzikonstantinidis, G., Chefdeville, M., Chekalina, V., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chitic, S. -G., Chobanova, V., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Ciambrone, P., Cid Vidal, X., Ciezarek, G., Cindolo, F., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Coco, V., Coelho, J. A. B., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Comerma-Montells, A., Contu, A., Coombs, G., Coquereau, S., Corti, G., Corvo, M., Sobral, C. M. Costa, Couturier, B., Cowan, G. A., Craik, D. C., Crocombe, A., Cruz Torres, M., Currie, R., D'Ambrosio, C., Da Cunha Marinho, F., Da Silva, C. L., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., Danilina, A., Davis, A., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, P., Dean, C. T., Decamp, D., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Demmer, M., Dendek, A., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Desse, F., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Canto, A., Di Nezza, P., Didenko, S., Dijkstra, H., Dordei, F., Dorigo, M., Dosil Suarez, A., Douglas, L., Dovbnya, A., Dreimanis, K., Dufour, L., Dujany, G., Durante, P., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Dzhelyadin, R., Dziewiecki, M., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Eidelman, S., Eisenhardt, S., Eitschberger, U., Ekelhof, R., Eklund, L., Ely, S., Ene, A., Escher, S., Esen, S., Evans, T., Falabella, A., Farley, N., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Declara, P. Fernandez, Fernandez Prieto, A., Ferrari, F., Lopes, L. Ferreira, Ferreira Rodrigues, F., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Lima, V. Franco, Frank, M., Frei, C., Fu, J., Funk, W., Farber, C., Feo, M., Gabriel, E., Gallas Torreira, A., Galli, D., Gallorini, S., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, Y., Garcia Martin, L. M., Garcia Plana, B., Pardinas, J. Garcia, Tico, J. Garra, Garrido, L., Gascon, D., Gaspar, C., Gavardi, L., Gazzoni, G., Gerick, D., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gerstel, D., Ghez, Ph., Gibson, V., Girard, O. G., Gironella Gironell, P., Giubega, L., Gizdov, K., Gligorov, V. V., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Graciani Diaz, R., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Grauges, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A., Greim, R., Griffith, P., Grillo, L., Gruber, L., Cazon, B. R. Gruberg, Gruenberg, O., Gu, C., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Yu., Gys, T., Gobel, C., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haines, S. C., Hamilton, B., Han, X., Hancock, T. H., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Hecker, M., Heinicke, K., Heister, A., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., van Herwijnen, E., Heuel, J., Hess, M., Hicheur, A., Charman, R. Hidalgo, Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hopchev, P. H., Hu, J., Hu, W., Huang, W., Huard, Z. C., Hulsbergen, W., Humair, T., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Inyakin, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jalocha, J., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jiang, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Joram, C., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Kandybei, S., Karacson, M., Kariuki, J. M., Karodia, S., Kazeev, N., Kecke, M., Keizer, F., Kelsey, M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khairullin, E., Khanji, B., Khurewathanakul, C., Kim, K. E., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. 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C., Zhang, Y., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, Y., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zonneveld, J. B., Zucchelli, S., Gibson, Valerie [0000-0002-6661-1192], Jones, Christopher [0000-0003-1699-8816], Kenzie, Matthew [0000-0001-7910-4109], Wotton, Stephen [0000-0003-4543-8121], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Aaij, R., Beteta, C. Abellan, Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Albero, A. Alfonso, Alkhazov, G., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Alves, A. A., J, R., Amato, S., Amerio, S., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreassi, G., Andreotti, M., Andrews, J. E., Archilli, F., D'Argent, P., Romeu, J. Arnau, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Back, J. J., Baker, S., Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Baranov, A., Barlow, R. J., Barrand, G. C., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Batozskaya, V., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Battista, V., Bay, A., Beddow, J., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I., Beiter, A., Bel, L. J., Belin, S., Beliy, N., Bellee, V., Belloli, N., Belous, K., Belyaev, I., Ben-Haim, E., Bencivenni, G., Benson, S., Beranek, S., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bertholet, E., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bettler, M. O., van Beuzekom, M., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Birnkraut, A., Bizzeti, A., Bjorn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bocci, V., Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Bossu, F., Boubdir, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Bozzi, C., Braun, S., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. 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C., Crocombe, A., Cruz Torres, M., Currie, R., D'Ambrosio, C., Da Cunha Marinho, F., Da Silva, C. L., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., Danilina, A., Davis, A., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, P., Dean, C. T., Decamp, D., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Demmer, M., Dendek, A., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Desse, F., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Canto, A., Di Nezza, P., Didenko, S., Dijkstra, H., Dordei, F., Dorigo, M., Dosil Suarez, A., Douglas, L., Dovbnya, A., Dreimanis, K., Dufour, L., Dujany, G., Durante, P., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Dzhelyadin, R., Dziewiecki, M., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Eidelman, S., Eisenhardt, S., Eitschberger, U., Ekelhof, R., Eklund, L., Ely, S., Ene, A., Escher, S., Esen, S., Evans, T., Falabella, A., Farley, N., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Declara, P. Fernandez, Fernandez Prieto, A., Ferrari, F., Lopes, L. 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Gruberg, Gruenberg, O., Gu, C., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Yu., Gys, T., Gobel, C., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haines, S. C., Hamilton, B., Han, X., Hancock, T. H., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Hecker, M., Heinicke, K., Heister, A., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., van Herwijnen, E., Heuel, J., Hess, M., Hicheur, A., Charman, R. Hidalgo, Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hopchev, P. H., Hu, J., Hu, W., Huang, W., Huard, Z. C., Hulsbergen, W., Humair, T., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Inyakin, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jalocha, J., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jiang, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Joram, C., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Kandybei, S., Karacson, M., Kariuki, J. M., Karodia, S., Kazeev, N., Kecke, M., Keizer, F., Kelsey, M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khairullin, E., Khanji, B., Khurewathanakul, C., Kim, K. E., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. 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Subjects
Science & Technology, 0105 Mathematical Physics, hep-ex, Physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear & Particles Physics, B physics, Physics, Particles & Fields, Flavor physics, Rare decay, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Beyond Standard Model, High Energy Physics::Experiment, B physics, Beyond Standard Model, Flavor physics, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Rare decay, 0206 Quantum Physics
Abstract

A search is presented for the lepton flavour violating decay $B^+ \rightarrow K^+ \mu^- \tau^+$ using a sample of proton--proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, collected with the LHCb detector and corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb${}^{-1}$. The $\tau$ leptons are selected inclusively, primarily via decays with a single charged particle. The four-momentum of the $\tau$ lepton is determined by using $B^+$ mesons from $B_{s2}^{*0} \rightarrow B^+ K^-$ decays. No significant excess is observed, and an upper limit is set on the branching fraction $B(B^+ \rightarrow K^+ \mu^- \tau^+) < 3.9 \times 10^{-5}$ at 90% confidence level. The obtained limit is comparable to the world-best limit.

Published
2020

26. Measurement of CP observables in B-+/- -> DK +/- and B-+/- -> D pi(+/-) with D -> KS0K +/-pi -/+ decays

Author

Aaij, R., Beteta, C. Abellan, Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Afsharnia, H., Aidala, C. A., Aiola, S., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Alfonso Albero, A., Alkhazov, G., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Alves Jr, A. A., Amato, S., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreassi, G., Andreotti, M., Archilli, F., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Back, J. J., Baker, S., Balagura, V, Baldini, W., Baranov, A., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Batozskaya, V, Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I, Beiter, A., Bel, L. J., Belavin, V, Belin, S., Bellee, V, Belous, K., Belyaev, I, Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Benson, S., Beranek, S., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertholet, E., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bettler, M. O., Bezshyiko, Ia, Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Bizzeti, A., Bjorn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bocci, V, Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Boldyrev, A., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bowcock T. J., V, Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Brea Rodriguez, A., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buchler-Germann, A., Buonaura, A., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Diaz, L. Calero, Cali, S., Calladine, R., Calvi, M., Calvo Gomez, M., Magalhaes, P. Camargo, Camboni, A., Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Capriotti, L., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carli, I, Carniti, P., Akiba, K. Carvalho, Casais Vidal, A., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Celani, S., Cenci, R., Cerasoli, J., Chapman, M. 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Subjects
Science & Technology, 0105 Mathematical Physics, hep-ex, Physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, CKM angle gamma, Nuclear & Particles Physics, B physics, Physics, Particles & Fields, Flavor physics, CP violation, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, violation, 0206 Quantum Physics
Abstract

Measurements of CP observables in B-+/- -> DK +/- and B-+/- -> D pi (+/-) decays are presented, where D represents a superposition of D-0 and D0 states. The D meson is reconstructed in the three-body final states KS0K +/- pi -/+ and KS0K -/+ pi +/-. The analysis uses samples of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0, 2.0, and 6.0 fb(-1) collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of s = 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively. These measurements are the most precise to date, and provide important input for the determination of the CKM angle gamma.

Published
2020

27. Simultaneous macroscale and microscale wave–ion interaction in near-earth space plasmas.

Author

Liu, Z.-Y., Zong, Q.-G., Rankin, R., Zhang, H., Wang, Y. F., Zhou, X.-Z., Fu, S.-Y., Yue, C., Zhu, X.-Y., Pollock, C. J., Fuselier, S. A., and Le, G.

Subjects
SPACE plasmas, PLASMA astrophysics, COLLISIONLESS plasmas, PLASMA production, ASTROPHYSICS, ENERGY transfer
Abstract

Identifying how energy transfer proceeds from macroscales down to microscales in collisionless plasmas is at the forefront of astrophysics and space physics. It provides information on the evolution of involved plasma systems and the generation of high-energy particles in the universe. Here we report two cross-scale energy-transfer events observed by NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft in Earth's magnetosphere. In these events, hot ions simultaneously undergo interactions with macroscale (~ 10 5 km) ultra-low-frequency waves and microscale (~ 10 3 km) electromagnetic-ion-cyclotron (EMIC) waves. The cross-scale interactions cause energy to directly transfer from macroscales to microscales, and finally dissipate at microscales via EMIC-wave-induced ion energization. The direct measurements of the energy transfer rate in the second event confirm the efficiency of this cross-scale transfer process, whose timescale is estimated to be roughly ten EMIC-wave periods about (1 min). Therefore, these observations experimentally demonstrate that simultaneous macroscale and microscale wave-ion interactions provide an efficient mechanism for cross-scale energy transfer and plasma energization in astrophysical and space plasmas. Cross-scale energy transfers in collisionless plasmas help understanding involved mechanisms. Here, the authors show simultaneous macro- and micro-scale wave-ion interactions provide an efficient mechanism for cross-scale energy transfer and plasma energization in astrophysical and space plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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28. Long-term exposure to air pollution increases hip fracture incidence rate and related mortality: analysis of National Hip Fracture Database.

Author

Shi, W., Huang, C., Chen, S., Yang, C., Liu, N., Zhu, X., Su, X., and Lin, J.

Subjects
AIR pollution, CAUSES of death, CONFIDENCE intervals, TIME, HIP fractures, RISK assessment, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ENVIRONMENTAL exposure, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Summary: To explore the association of air pollution and hip fracture and related mortality in the UK. The average levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exhibited a positive association with hip fracture and short-term mortality while O3 did not. Our study highlights the association of air pollution and hip fracture. Introduction: Until now, the influence of air pollution on bone mineral density and associated fractures has drawn little attention, and the consequences are controversial. To investigate the association between air pollution and hip fracture incidence and related short-term mortality. Methods: We constructed a cohort of all the National Hip Fracture Database beneficiaries (513,540 patients) in the UK from 2013 to 2018. Per year averages of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, and SO2 were estimated according to the person's residence. The incidence rate ratio with 95% confidence interval and all-cause mortality within 30-day post-fracture (ACM30D) rate ratios were estimated using generalized additive models. Results: The average levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exhibited a positive association with the incidence rate of hip fracture (IHF) and ACM30D. Whereas, this association was negative for O3 levels. Each increase of 5 μg per cubic meter in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 leads to 9.5%, 9.2%, and 4.1% higher hip fracture rate, respectively, and also 9.3%, 8.3%, and 2.9% higher ACM30D, respectively. When we restricted the analysis to low-level exposure of air pollutants, similar results were obtained. Conclusion: Our study found a moderate, positive association between IHF, ACM30D, and the levels of specific air pollutants in the entire National Hip Fracture Database population. A reduction in the levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 may decrease the hip fracture incidence rate and associated short-term mortality in older adults. Our study highlights the influence of air pollution on hip fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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29. The Effect of Xinnao Shutong Capsules on Cerebral Circulation and Neurological and Motor Functions during Cerebral Infarction Recovery.

Author

Zhao, L. Q., Rao, K. H., Zhu, X. R., and Xu, X. M.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Xinnao shutong capsules (XSC) on the recovery of cerebral circulation and neurological and motor functions following cerebral infarction. Eighty patients admitted to the neurology department of our hospital were enrolled and randomly divided into control and intervention groups (n = 40 for each group). Patients in the control group received comprehensive treatment, including Western medicine and motor rehabilitation, while the intervention group was additionally treated with XSC. After 4 weeks, cerebral circulation, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores were measured to evaluate neurological and motor function. After 4 weeks of treatment, the effective rate of the intervention and control groups was 82.5 and 67.5%, respectively, showing significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05); Vmin and Qmin were increased and R was decreased in the cerebral circulation of the intervention group, and were significantly different from those of the control group (P < 0.05); the NIHSS score decreased and the FIM score increased in the two groups. Hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) levels were improved in both groups. The intervention group showed lower NIHSS scores and higher FIM scores than the control group (P < 0.05); hs-CRP was lower and BDNF levels were higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Ang-2 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups (P > 0.05); malondialdehyde and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels were lower and superoxide dismutase levels were higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). XSC significantly improved patients' cerebral circulation and motor and neurological function, effectively reduced oxidative stress, and improved clinical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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30. Effect of SPoT-mediated Stringent Response on Biofilm Formation, Stress Resistance and Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas protegens SN15-2.

Author

Wang, M. F., Wang, J., Wang, X. B., Zhu, X. C., Wang, Y. P., and Wang, W.

Subjects
QUORUM sensing, BIOFILMS, BIOMASS
Abstract

The stringent response (SR) is crucial for the response of bacteria to nutrient deprivation and other stresses. Pseudomonas protegens SN15-2 is a microorganism has biocontrol capabilities but a poor ability to resist stress during application. SpoT catalyzes the resist stress mediated by SR in other strains, which has not been revealed in biocontrol bacteria. In this study, conserved sites of SpoT protein were identified, and evolutionary analysis of SpoT homologs was performed. One in-frame deletion mutant of spoT, ΔspoT, was constructed to explore SR function in P. protegens SN15-2. The resistance of ΔspoT to heat, NaCl and acid stresses apparently declined compared with that of the wild-type (WT) strain. Moreover, compared with the WT strain, ΔspoT showed a significant decrease in biofilm biomass but an increase in swimming motility. The transcription of biofilm-related genes was significantly downregulated in ΔspoT. Three types of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules were detected in P. protegens SN15-2 cultures by HPLC these molecules decreased greatly in ΔspoT, and N-octanoyl-L-homoserin-lacton was a major N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL). The qRT-PCR results suggest that spoT further positively regulated AHL synthesis by adjusting the transcription of luxQ, phzF, secA, secB, yidC, rpoS, secY and qseC in P. protegens SN15-2. Therefore, the present study revealed that SpoT was an important stringent response regulator in biofilm formation, motility, stress response, and QS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Chromosome Xq23 is associated with lower atherogenic lipid concentrations and favorable cardiometabolic indices

Author

Natarajan, P. (Pradeep), Pampana, A. (Akhil), Graham, S. E. (Sarah E.), Ruotsalainen, S. E. (Sanni E.), Perry, J. A. (James A.), de Vries, P. S. (Paul S.), Broome, J. G. (Jai G.), Pirruccello, J. P. (James P.), Honigbere, M. C. (Michael C.), Aragam, K. (Krishna), Wolford, B. (Brooke), Brody, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Antonacci-Fulton, L. (Lucinda), Arden, M. (Moscati), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Ballantyne, C. M. (Christie M.), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Bisl, J. C. (Joshua C.), Cade, B. E. (Brian E.), Do, R. (Ron), Doddapaneni, H. (Harsha), Emery, L. S. (Leslie S.), Hung, Y.-J. (Yi-Jen), Irvin, M. R. (Marguerite R.), Khan, A. T. (Alyna T.), Lange, L. (Leslie), Lee, J. (Jiwon), Lemaitre, R. N. (Rozenn N.), Martin, L. W. (Lisa W.), Metcalf, G. (Ginger), Montasser, M. E. (May E.), Moon, J.-Y. (Jee-Young), Muzny, D. (Donna), Connell, J. R. (Jeffrey R. O.), Palmer, N. D. (Nicholette D.), Peralta, J. M. (Juan M.), Peyser, P. A. (Patricia A.), Stilp, A. M. (Adrienne M.), Tsai, M. (Michael), Wang, F. F. (Fei Fei), Weeks, D. E. (Daniel E.), Yanek, L. R. (Lisa R.), Wilson, J. G. (James G.), Abecasis, G. (Goncalo), Arnett, D. K. (Donna K.), Becker, L. C. (Lewis C.), Blangercy, J. (John), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Bowden, D. W. (Donald W.), Chang, Y.-C. (Yi-Cheng), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der, I), Choi, W. J. (Won Jung), Correa, A. (Adolfo), Curran, J. E. (Joanne E.), Daly, M. J. (Mark J.), DutcherE, S. K. (Susan K.), Ellinor, P. T. (Patrick T.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Freedman, B. I. (Barry, I), Gabriel, S. (Stacey), Germer, S. (Soren), Gibbs, R. A. (Richard A.), He, J. (Jiang), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Jarvik, G. P. (Gail P.), Kaplan, R. C. (Robert C.), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Kennyn, E. (Eimear), Kim, R. W. (Ryan W.), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Laurie, C. C. (Cathy C.), Lee, S. (Seonwook), Lloyd-Jones, D. M. (Don M.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Lubitz, S. A. (Steven A.), Mathias, R. A. (Rasika A.), Martinez, K. A. (Karine A. Viaud), McGarvey, S. T. (Stephen T.), Mitche, B. D. (Braxton D.), Nickerson, D. A. (Deborah A.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Park, C. J. (Cheol Joo), Psat, B. M. (Bruce M. Y.), Rao, D. C. (D. C.), Redline, S. (Susan), Reiner, A. P. (Alexander P.), Seo, D. (Daekwan), Seo, J.-S. (Jeong-Sun), Smith, A. V. (Albert, V), Tracy, R. P. (Russell P.), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), Rotten, J. I. (Jerome, I), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), Rich, S. S. (Stephen S.), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Wilier, C. (Cristen), Peloso, G. M. (Gina M.), Vasan, R. S. (Ramachandran S.), Abe, N. (Namiko), Albert, C. (Christine), Almasy, L. (Laura), Alonso, A. (Alvaro), Ament, S. (Seth), Anderson, P. (Peter), Applebaum-Bowden, D. (Deborah), Arking, D. (Dan), Ashley-Koch, A. (Allison), Auer, P. (Paul), Avramopoulos, D. (Dimitrios), Barnard, J. (John), Barnes, K. (Kathleen), Barr, R. G. (R. Graham), Barron-Casella, E. (Emily), Beaty, T. (Terri), Becker, D. (Diane), Beer, R. (Rebecca), Begum, F. (Ferdouse), Beitelshees, A. (Amber), Benjamin, E. (Emelia), Bezerra, M. (Marcos), Bielak, L. (Larry), Blackwel, T. (Thomas), Bowler, R. (Russell), Broecke, U. (Ulrich), Bunting, K. (Karen), Burchard, E. (Esteban), Buth, E. (Erin), Cardwel, J. (Jonathan), Carty, C. (Cara), Casaburi, R. (Richard), Casella, J. (James), Chaffin, M. (Mark), Chang, C. (Christy), Chasman, D. (Daniel), Chavan, S. (Sameer), Chen, B.-J. (Bo-Juen), Chen, W.-M. (Wei-Min), Chol, M. (Michael), Choi, S. H. (Seung Hoan), Chuang, L.-M. (Lee-Ming), Chung, M. (Mina), Conomos, M. P. (Matthew P.), Cornell, E. (Elaine), Crapo, J. (James), Curtis, J. (Jeffrey), Custer, B. (Brian), Damcott, C. (Coleen), Darbar, D. (Dawood), Das, S. (Sayantan), David, S. (Sean), Davis, C. (Colleen), Daya, M. (Michelle), de Andrade, M. (Mariza), DeBaunuo, M. (Michael), Duan, Q. (Qing), Devine, R. D. (Ranjan Deka Dawn DeMeo Scott), Duggirala, Q. R. (Qing Ravi), Durda, J. P. (Jon Peter), Dutcher, S. (Susan), Eaton, C. (Charles), Ekunwe, L. (Lynette), Farber, C. (Charles), Farnaml, L. (Leanna), Fingerlin, T. (Tasha), Flickinger, M. (Matthew), Franceschini, N. (Nora), Fu, M. (Mao), Fullerton, S. M. (Stephanie M.), Fulton, L. (Lucinda), Gan, W. (Weiniu), Gao, Y. (Yan), Gass, M. (Margery), Ge, B. (Bruce), Geng, X. P. (Xiaoqi Priscilla), Gignoux, C. (Chris), Gladwin, M. (Mark), Glahn, D. (David), Gogarten, S. (Stephanie), Gong, D.-W. (Da-Wei), Goring, H. (Harald), Gu, C. C. (C. Charles), Guan, Y. (Yue), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Haessler, J. (Jeff), Hall, M. (Michael), Harris, D. (Daniel), Hawle, N. Y. (Nicola Y.), Heavner, B. (Ben), Heckbert, S. (Susan), Hernandez, R. (Ryan), Herrington, D. (David), Hersh, C. (Craig), Hidalgo, B. (Bertha), Hixson, J. (James), Hokanson, J. (John), Hong, E. (Elliott), Hoth, K. (Karin), Hsiung, C. A. (Chao Agnes), Huston, H. (Haley), Hwu, C. M. (Chii Min), Jackson, R. (Rebecca), Jain, D. (Deepti), Jaquish, C. (Cashell), Jhun, M. A. (Min A.), Johnsen, J. (Jill), Johnson, A. (Andrew), Johnson, C. (Craig), Johnston, R. (Rich), Jones, K. (Kimberly), Kang, H. M. (Hyun Min), Kaufman, L. (Laura), Kell, S. Y. (Shannon Y.), Kessler, M. (Michael), Kinney, G. (Greg), Konkle, B. (Barbara), Kramer, H. (Holly), Krauter, S. (Stephanie), Lange, C. (Christoph), Lange, E. (Ethan), Laurie, C. (Cecelia), LeBoff, M. (Meryl), Lee, S. S. (Seunggeun Shawn), Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), LeFaive, J. (Jonathon), Levine, D. (David), Levy, D. (Dan), Lewis, J. (Joshua), Li, Y. (Yun), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, K. H. (Keng Han), Lin, X. (Xihong), Liu, S. (Simin), Liu, Y. (Yongmei), Lunetta, K. (Kathryn), Luo, J. (James), Mahaney, M. (Michael), Make, B. (Barry), Manichaikul, A. (Ani), Mansonl, J. (JoAnn), Margolin, L. (Lauren), Mathai, S. (Susan), McArdle, P. (Patrick), Mcdonald, M.-L. (Merry-Lynn), McFarland, S. (Sean), McHugh, C. (Caitlin), Mei, H. (Hao), Meyers, D. A. (Deborah A.), Mikulla, J. (Julie), Min, N. (Nancy), Minear, M. (Mollie), Minster, R. L. (Ryan L.), Musani, S. (Solomon), Mwasongwe, S. (Stanford), Mychaleckyj, J. C. (Josyf C.), Nadkarni, G. (Girish), Naik, R. (Rakhi), Naseri, T. (Take), Nekhai, S. (Sergei), Nelson, S. C. (Sarah C.), Nickerson, D. (Deborah), Connell, J. O. (Jeff O.), Connor, T. O. (Tim O.), Ochs-Balcom, H. (Heather), Pankow, J. (James), Papanicolaou, G. (George), Parkerl, M. (Margaret), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Penchey, S. (Sara), Perez, M. (Marco), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Phillips, L. S. (Lawrence S.), Phillips, S. (Sam), Pollin, T. (Toni), Post, W. (Wendy), Becker, J. P. (Julia Powers), Boorgula, M. P. (Meher Preethi), Preuss, M. (Michael), Prokopenko, D. (Dmitry), Qasba, P. (Pankaj), Qiao, D. (Dandi), Rafaels, N. (Nicholas), Raffield, L. (Laura), Rasmussen-Torvik, L. (Laura), Ratan, A. (Aakrosh), Reed, R. (Robert), Reganl, E. (Elizabeth), Reupena, M. S. (Muagututi Sefuiva), Rice, K. (Ken), Roden, D. (Dan), Roselli, C. (Carolina), Ruczinski, I. (Ingo), Russel, P. (Pamela), Ruuska, S. (Sarah), Ryan, K. (Kathleen), Sabino, E. C. (Ester Cerdeira), Sakornsakolpatl, P. (Phuwanat), Salzberg, S. (Steven), Sandow, K. (Kevin), Sankaran, V. G. (Vijay G.), Scheller, C. (Christopher), Schmidt, E. (Ellen), Schwander, K. (Karen), Schwartz, D. (David), Sciurba, F. (Frank), Seidman, C. (Christine), Seidman, J. (Jonathan), Sheehan, V. (Vivien), Shetty, A. (Amol), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Sheu, W. H. (Wayne Hui-Heng), Shoemaker, M. B. (M. Benjamin), Silver, B. (Brian), Silvermanl, E. (Edwin), Smith, J. (Jennifer), Smith, J. (Josh), Smith, N. (Nicholas), Smith, T. (Tanja), Smoller, S. (Sylvia), Snively, B. (Beverly), Soferlm, T. (Tamar), Streeten, E. (Elizabeth), Su, J. L. (Jessica Lasky), Sung, Y. J. (Yun Ju), Sylvia, J. (Jody), Sztalryd, C. (Carole), Taliun, D. (Daniel), Tang, H. (Hua), Taub, M. (Margaret), Taylor, K. D. (Kent D.), Taylor, S. (Simeon), Telen, M. (Marilyn), Thornton, T. A. (Timothy A.), Tinker, L. (Lesley), Tirschwel, D. (David), Tiwari, H. (Hemant), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), VandeHaar, P. (Peter), Vrieze, S. (Scott), Walker, T. (Tarik), Wallace, R. (Robert), Waits, A. (Avram), Wan, E. (Emily), Wang, H. (Heming), Watson, K. (Karol), Weir, B. (Bruce), Weiss, S. (Scott), Weng, L.-C. (Lu-Chen), Williams, K. (Kayleen), Williams, L. K. (L. Keoki), Wilson, C. (Carla), Wong, Q. (Quenna), Xu, H. (Huichun), Yang, I. (Ivana), Yang, R. (Rongze), Zaghlou, N. (Norann), Zekavat, M. (Maryam), Zhang, Y. (Yingze), Zhao, S. X. (Snow Xueyan), Zhao, W. (Wei), Zni, D. (Degui), Zhou, X. (Xiang), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Zody, M. (Michael), Zoellner, S. (Sebastian), Daly, M. (Mark), Jacob, H. (Howard), Matakidou, A. (Athena), Runz, H. (Heiko), John, S. (Sally), Plenge, R. (Robert), McCarthy, M. (Mark), Hunkapiller, J. (Julie), Ehm, M. (Meg), Waterworth, D. (Dawn), Fox, C. (Caroline), Malarstig, A. (Anders), Klinger, K. (Kathy), Call, K. (Kathy), Mkel, T. (Tomi), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Virolainen, P. (Petri), Pulkki, K. (Kari), Kilpi, T. (Terhi), Perola, M. (Markus), Partanen, J. (Jukka), Pitkranta, A. (Anne), Kaarteenaho, R. (Riitta), Vainio, S. (Seppo), Savinainen, K. (Kimmo), Kosma, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Kujala, U. (Urho), Tuovila, O. (Outi), Hendolin, M. (Minna), Pakkanen, R. (Raimo), Waring, J. (Jeff), Riley-Gillis, B. (Bridget), Liu, J. (Jimmy), Biswas, S. (Shameek), Diogo, D. (Dorothee), Marshall, C. (Catherine), Hu, X. (Xinli), Gossel, M. (Matthias), Schleutker, J. (Johanna), Arvas, M. (Mikko), Hinttala, R. (Reetta), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Laaksonen, R. (Reijo), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Paloneva, J. (Juha), Soininen, H. (Hilkka), Julkunen, V. (Valtteri), Remes, A. (Anne), Klviinen, R. (Reetta), Hiltunen, M. (Mikko), Peltola, J. (Jukka), Tienari, P. (Pentti), Rinne, J. (Juha), Ziemann, A. (Adam), Waring, J. (Jeffrey), Esmaeeli, S. (Sahar), Smaoui, N. (Nizar), Lehtonen, A. (Anne), Eaton, S. (Susan), Landenper, S. (Sanni), Michon, J. (John), Kerchner, G. (Geoff), Bowers, N. (Natalie), Teng, E. (Edmond), Eicher, J. (John), Mehta, V. (Vinay), Gormle, P. Y. (Padhraig Y.), Linden, K. (Kari), Whelan, C. (Christopher), Xu, F. (Fanli), Pulford, D. (David), Frkkil, M. (Martti), Pikkarainen, S. (Sampsa), Jussila, A. (Airi), Blomster, T. (Timo), Kiviniemi, M. (Mikko), Voutilainen, M. (Markku), Georgantas, B. (Bob), Heap, G. (Graham), Rahimov, F. (Fedik), Usiskin, K. (Keith), Maranville, J. (Joseph), Lu, T. (Tim), Oh, D. (Danny), Kalpala, K. (Kirsi), Miller, M. (Melissa), McCarthy, L. (Linda), Eklund, K. (Kari), Palomki, A. (Antti), Isomki, P. (Pia), Piri, L. (Laura), Kaipiainen-Seppnen, O. (Oili), Lertratanaku, A. (Apinya), Bing, D. C. (David Close Marla Hochfeld Nan), Gordillo, J. E. (Jorge Esparza), Mars, N. (Nina), Laitinen, T. (Tarja), Pelkonen, M. (Margit), Kauppi, P. (Paula), Kankaanranta, H. (Hannu), Harju, T. (Terttu), Greenberg, S. (Steven), Chen, H. (Hubert), Betts, J. (Jo), Ghosh, S. (Soumitra), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Niiranen, T. (Teemu), Juonala, M. (Markus), Metsrinne, K. (Kaj), Khnen, M. (Mika), Junttila, J. (Juhani), Laakso, M. (Markku), Pihlajamki, J. (Jussi), Sinisalo, J. (Juha), Taskinen, M.-R. (Marja-Riitta), Tuomi, T. (Tiinamaija), Laukkanen, J. (Jari), Challis, B. (Ben), Peterson, A. (Andrew), Chu, A. (Audrey), Parkkinen, J. (Jaakko), Muslin, A. (Anthony), Joensuu, H. (Heikki), Meretoja, T. (Tuomo), Aaltonen, L. (Lauri), Auranen, A. (Annika), Karihtala, P. (Peeter), Kauppila, S. (Saila), Auvinen, P. (Pivi), Elenius, K. (Klaus), Popovic, R. (Relja), Schutzman, J. (Jennifer), Loboda, A. (Andrey), Chhibber, A. (Aparna), Lehtonen, H. (Heli), McDonough, S. (Stefan), Crohns, M. (Marika), Kulkarni, D. (Diptee), Kaarniranta, K. (Kai), Turunen, J. (Joni), Ollila, T. (Terhi), Seitsonen, S. (Sanna), Uusitalo, H. (Hannu), Aaltonen, V. (Vesa), Uusitalo-Jrvinen, H. (Hannele), Luodonp, M. (Marja), Hautala, N. (Nina), Strauss, E. (Erich), Chen, H. (Hao), Podgornaia, A. (Anna), Hoffman, J. (Joshua), Tasanen, K. (Kaisa), Huilaja, L. (Laura), Hannula-Jouppi, K. (Katariina), Salmi, T. (Teea), Peltonen, S. (Sirkku), Koulu, L. (Leena), Harvima, I. (Ilkka), Wu, Y. (Ying), Choy, D. (David), Jalanko, A. (Anu), Kajanne, R. (Risto), Lyhs, U. (Ulrike), Kaunisto, M. (Mari), Davis, J. W. (Justin Wade), Quarless, D. (Danjuma), Petrovski, S. (Slav), Chen, C.-Y. (Chia-Yen), Bronson, P. (Paola), Yang, R. (Robert), Chang, D. (Diana), Bhangale, T. (Tushar), Holzinger, E. (Emily), Wang, X. (Xulong), Chen, X. (Xing), Auro, K. (Kirsi), Wang, C. (Clarence), Xu, E. (Ethan), Auge, F. (Franck), Chatelain, C. (Clement), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Havulinna, A. (Aki), Palin, K. (Kimmo), Palta, P. (Priit), Parolo, P. D. (Pietro Della Briotta), Zhou, W. (Wei), Lemmel, S. (Susanna), Rivas, M. (Manuel), Harju, J. (Jarmo), Lehisto, A. (Arto), Ganna, A. (Andrea), Llorens, V. (Vincent), Karlsson, A. (Antti), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Hyvrinen, K. (Kati), Ritari, J. (Jarmo), Wahlfors, T. (Tiina), Koskinen, M. (Miika), Pylkäs, K. (Katri), Kalaoja, M. (Marita), Karjalainen, M. (Minna), Mantere, T. (Tuomo), Kangasniemi, E. (Eeva), Heikkinen, S. (Sami), Laakkonen, E. (Eija), Kononen, J. (Juha), Loukola, A. (Anu), Laiho, P. (Pivi), Sistonen, T. (Tuuli), Kaiharju, E. (Essi), Laukkanen, M. (Markku), Jrvensivu, E. (Elina), Lhteenmki, S. (Sini), Mnnikk, L. (Lotta), Wong, R. (Regis), Mattsson, H. (Hannele), Hiekkalinna, T. (Tero), Jimnez, M. G. (Manuel Gonzlez), Donner, K. (Kati), Prn, K. (KaIle), Nunez-Fontarnau, J. (Javier), Kilpelinen, E. (Elina), Sipi, T. P. (Timo P.), Brein, G. (Georg), Dada, A. (Alexander), Awaisa, G. (Ghazal), Shcherban, A. (Anastasia), Sipil, T. (Tuomas), Laivuori, H. (Hannele), Kiiskinen, T. (Tuomo), Siirtola, H. (Harri), Tabuenca, J. G. (Javier Gracia), Kallio, L. (Lila), Soini, S. (Sirpa), Pitknen, K. (Kimmo), and Kuopio, T. (Teijo)

Subjects
Cardiovascular genetics, Genome-wide association studies
Abstract

Autosomal genetic analyses of blood lipids have yielded key insights for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, X chromosome genetic variation is understudied for blood lipids in large sample sizes. We now analyze genetic and blood lipid data in a high-coverage whole X chromosome sequencing study of 65,322 multi-ancestry participants and perform replication among 456,893 European participants. Common alleles on chromosome Xq23 are strongly associated with reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (min P = 8.5 × 10−72), with similar effects for males and females. Chromosome Xq23 lipid-lowering alleles are associated with reduced odds for CHD among 42,545 cases and 591,247 controls (P = 1.7 × 10−4), and reduced odds for diabetes mellitus type 2 among 54,095 cases and 573,885 controls (P = 1.4 × 10−5). Although we observe an association with increased BMI, waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI is reduced, bioimpedance analyses indicate increased gluteofemoral fat, and abdominal MRI analyses indicate reduced visceral adiposity. Co-localization analyses strongly correlate increased CHRDL1 gene expression, particularly in adipose tissue, with reduced concentrations of blood lipids.

Published
2021

32. Association of hypertension with infection and inflammation in a setting of disadvantage in rural India.

Author

Busingye D., Evans R.G., Arabshahi S., Riddell M.A., Srikanth V.K., Kartik K., Kalyanram K., Zhu X., Suresh O., Thrift A.G., Busingye D., Evans R.G., Arabshahi S., Riddell M.A., Srikanth V.K., Kartik K., Kalyanram K., Zhu X., Suresh O., and Thrift A.G.

Abstract

We assessed the association of hypertension with markers of inflammation and infection in a rural and disadvantaged Indian population. In a case-control study, we age- and gender-matched 300 cases with hypertension to 300 controls without hypertension. Blood pressure was measured according to a strict protocol. We measured markers of inflammation and infection including serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), blood lymphocyte count, serum homocysteine, tooth loss, overcrowding and exposure to fecal contamination. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to determine their association with hypertension. Median serum hs-CRP was 42% greater in cases than controls, while median serum homocysteine was 10% greater. In multivariable conditional logistic regression, elevated homocysteine (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.09-2.82), greater lymphocyte count (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01-2.01) and exposure to fecal contamination, defined as a distance from the field used for toilet purposes to the household of <=50 m (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.07-5.29), were independently associated with hypertension in this rural population. In separate analyses for each gender, elevated hs-CRP (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.04-6.58) was associated with hypertension in men, whereas edentulism (OR 4.75, 95% CI 1.62-13.96) was associated with greater odds of hypertension in women. Our findings demonstrate specific associations between hypertension and markers of inflammation and infection including hs-CRP, homocysteine, lymphocyte count, edentulism and exposure to fecal contamination. Thus, strategies aimed at reducing inflammation and infection may reduce the burden of hypertension in such settings of disadvantage in rural India.Copyright © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

Published
2021

33. Predictive performance of different NTCP techniques for radiation-induced esophagitis in NSCLC patients receiving proton radiotherapy.

Author

Chen, Mei, Wang, Zeming, Jiang, Shengpeng, Sun, Jian, Wang, Li, Sahoo, Narayan, Brandon Gunn, G., Frank, Steven J., Xu, Cheng, Chen, Jiayi, Nguyen, Quynh-Nhu, Chang, Joe Y., Liao, Zhongxing, Ronald Zhu, X., and Zhang, Xiaodong

Subjects
NON-small-cell lung carcinoma, SUPPORT vector machines, PROTONS, PROTON therapy, PROTON beams
Abstract

This study aimed to compare the predictive performance of different modeling methods in developing normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for predicting radiation-induced esophagitis (RE) in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving proton radiotherapy. The dataset was composed of 328 NSCLC patients receiving passive-scattering proton therapy and 41.6% of the patients experienced ≥ grade 2 RE. Five modeling methods were used to build NTCP models: standard Lyman–Kutcher–Burman (sLKB), generalized LKB (gLKB), multivariable logistic regression using two variable selection procedures-stepwise forward selection (Stepwise-MLR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO-MLR), and support vector machines (SVM). Predictive performance was internally validated by a bootstrap approach for each modeling method. The overall performance, discriminative ability, and calibration were assessed using the Negelkerke R2, area under the receiver operator curve (AUC), and Hosmer–Lemeshow test, respectively. The LASSO-MLR model showed the best discriminative ability with an AUC value of 0.799 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.763–0.854), and the best overall performance with a Negelkerke R2 value of 0.332 (95% CI: 0.266–0.486). Both of the optimism-corrected Negelkerke R2 values of the SVM and sLKB models were 0.301. The optimism-corrected AUC of the gLKB model (0.796) was higher than that of the SVM model (0.784). The sLKB model had the smallest optimism in the model variation and discriminative ability. In the context of classification and probability estimation for predicting the NTCP for radiation-induced esophagitis, the MLR model developed with LASSO provided the best predictive results. The simplest LKB modeling had similar or even better predictive performance than the most complex SVM modeling, and it was least likely to overfit the training data. The advanced machine learning approach might have limited applicability in clinical settings with a relatively small amount of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. The Mechanisms of Pod Zone Nitrogen Application on Peanut Pod Yield.

Author

Hou, L., Lin, R. X., Wang, X. J., Li, H., Zhao, C. Z., Zhu, X. J., Li, C. S., and Li, G. H.

Subjects
PEANUTS, NITROGEN content of plants, NITRITE reductase, NITRATE reductase, GLUTAMINE synthetase, FERTILIZER application
Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a geocarpic plant, which absorbs nutrients not only through roots but also through pods. However, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application in pod area on pod gene expression and peanut yield is unknown. In this study, we determined the pod yield, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation in different organs under different nitrogen treatment in root zone and pod zone. The results showed that pod area application of nitrogen led to significantly higher pod yield to compare with the control. The application of 60 kg/hm2 nitrogen at the pod area led to the highest pod yield, full fruit rate and plant nitrogen content. 15N directly absorbed by pods was mainly accumulated in the shell at early stage of pods development, and then transferred to seeds at later period. However, the ratio of 15N absorbed directly by pods from soil was low, only about 10%. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, immature pods of different developmental stages were collected for gene expression analysis. The expression levels of several genes encoding ABC type transporter family, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase increased in different stages of pod development upon pod area nitrogen application. These results indicated that the efficiency of N assimilation and glutamate metabolic cycle in pods was increased under pod nitrogen application. The expression levels of several genes in gibberellin and brassinolide biosynthesis pathways were also up-regulated, suggesting that these two hormones were involved in the promoting effect of pod nitrogen application on pod growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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35. Drought and Heat Stress-Mediated Modulation of Alternative Splicing in the Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Metabolites Related to Tea Quality.

Author

Ding, Y. Q., Fan, K., Wang, Y., Fang, W. P., Zhu, X. J., Chen, L., Sun, L. T., Qiu, C., and Ding, Z. T.

Subjects
ALTERNATIVE RNA splicing, GENETIC engineering, BIOSYNTHESIS, DROUGHTS, METABOLITES, TEA
Abstract

Alternative splicing (AS) regulates mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level to affect both their amounts and the protein function. However, little is known about the roles of AS in regulation of biosynthesis of amino acids, flavonoids, and volatile compounds in tea plants. In this study, we used Iso-seq and transcriptome deep sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify AS events, and analyzed the expression of respective mRNAs in tea plants under drought (DS), heat stress (HS), and their combination (HD). By RT-PCR, we validated the AS events in nine genes involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids and flavonoids. The genes accumulating AS transcripts under DS, HS, and HD conditions included those encoding for anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), dihydrofavonol-4-reductase-like (DFRA), and chalcone isomerase (CHI). Similarly, genes directly or indirectly involved in the biosynthesis of volatile compounds such as lipoxygenase (LOX), terpenoid/terpene synthase (TPS), and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) also had AS events. Our study revealed that AS might specifically regulate the biosynthesis of amino acids in tea plants under stressful conditions. Moreover, we suggest that the AS events within the ANR and DFRA transcripts might play an important role in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis under DS, HS, and HD conditions. This study improved our understanding of the genetic drivers of the changes in the content of bioactive ingredients of tea plants subjected to abiotic stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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36. A Protective Role of Okadaic Acid in Liver Injury Induced by Amoxicillin.

Author

Li, D., Shi, W., Lu, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, S., Sun, Y., and Zhu, X.

Subjects
LIVER injuries, GASTRIC mucosa, SPRAGUE Dawley rats, LIVER cells, ACIDS, CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE
Abstract

This study was performed to investigate whether okadaic acid (200 ng/kg) produces a protective effect in experimental liver injury induced by intragastric administration of 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg amoxicillin in Sprague-Dawley rats (n=50). The control group was given carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution. Liver injury was assessed by the relative organ weight index, serum ALT activity, and liver malondialdehyde content. Histopathological examination of the liver from rats treated with amoxicillin revealed cell swelling, congestion, apoptosis, and necrosis. The relative liver weight index, ALT activity, and liver malondialdehyde content in these animals were higher than in the control. Administration of okadaic acid reduced the degree of amoxicillin-induced damage to hepatocytes. Thus, okadaic acid can alleviate liver injury caused by amoxicillin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Enhanced electrical properties in Ce/Mo co-substituted CaBi2Nb2O9 high-temperature piezoelectric ceramic.

Author

Pan, C. B., Zhao, G. C., Li, S. M., Shu, M. F., Wu, J., Wang, J. M. Z., Yin, L. H., Song, W. H., Zhu, X. B., Yang, J., and Sun, Y. P.

Subjects
LEAD-free ceramics, PIEZOELECTRIC ceramics, DIELECTRIC properties, OXYGEN reduction, CURIE temperature, HIGH temperatures, IONS
Abstract

In this paper, the synergistic effects of Ce4+ ions incorporation into the (Bi2O2)2+ layer and Mo6+ ions at the Nb site on the electrical properties of CaBi2−xCexNb2−xMoxO9 high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics were studied. The appearance of pseudo-tetragonal phase owing to the introduction of Ce4+ ions is beneficial to the polarization switching, and thus, an enhanced piezoelectric response (d33 = 19 pC/N) was obtained in the x = 0.03 sample. Both the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of the doped samples are enhanced. Moreover, the reduction of the oxygen vacancies of the samples resulting from Mo6+ cations could also facilitate the improvement of electrical properties. As a result, a high Curie temperature (TC = 941 °C) and good electrical properties (Pr =14.3 µC/cm2, ρ = 1.1 × 105 Ω cm at 600 °C) were obtained in Ce/Mo-co-substituted CaBi2Nb2O9 ceramics. The results are rather important to explore the piezoelectric ceramics used in high-temperature environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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39. A NEW La(III) COMPLEX CONSTRUCTED BY A LONG FLEXIBLE LIGAND: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, DNA BINDING, AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES.

Author

Zhu, M., Ji, X., Zhou, Y., Li, S., Bao, H., Xu, J., Gao, E., and Zhu, X.

Subjects
MOLECULAR docking, CRYSTAL structure, DNA, FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy, FLUORESCENCE quenching, LIGAND binding (Biochemistry)
Abstract

A new lanthanum complex with 2,5-bis((3-carboxylphenyl)amino)terephthalic acid is synthesized by a solvent thermal reaction. The La(III) complex monomer forms a chain by hydrogen bonding. The interaction mode of the complex with DNA is studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, and the result match the molecular docking test, the complex binds to the DNA by insertion, the fluorescence quenching constant is 0.1257. The particle size of the crystal powder is about 500 nm, which can be observed by SEM. The complex demonstrates a good anticancer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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40. Proton Therapy for HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancers of the Head and Neck: a De-Intensification Strategy.

Author

Taku, Nicolette, Wang, Li, Garden, Adam S., Rosenthal, David I., Gunn, G. Brandon, Morrison, William H., Fuller, C. David, Phan, Jack, Reddy, Jay P., Moreno, Amy C., Spiotto, Michael T., Chronowski, Gregory, Shah, Shalin J., Mayo, Lauren L., Gross, Neil D., Ferrarotto, Renata, Zhu, X. Ronald, Zhang, Xiaodong, and Frank, Steven J.

Subjects
COMPUTERS in medicine, VERTEBRATES, OROPHARYNGEAL cancer, PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases, PROTON therapy, VIRUS diseases, RADIATION doses, RADIOTHERAPY, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Opinion Statement: The rise in the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPC), the relatively young age at which it is diagnosed, and its favorable prognosis necessitate the use of treatment techniques that reduce the likelihood of side effects during and after curative treatment. Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) is a form of radiotherapy that de-intensifies treatment through dose de-escalation to normal tissues without compromising dose to the primary tumor and involved, regional lymph nodes. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma is more sensitive to proton radiation than is HPV-negative squamous cell carcinoma. Retrospective studies comparing intensity-modulated photon (X-ray) radiotherapy to IMPT for OPC suggest comparable rates of disease control and lower rates of pain, xerostomia, dysphagia, dysgeusia, gastrostomy tube dependence, and osteoradionecrosis with IMPT-all of which meaningfully affect the quality of life of patients treated for HPV-associated OPC. Two phase III trials currently underway-the "Randomized Trial of IMPT versus IMRT for the Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancer of the Head and Neck" and the "TOxicity Reduction using Proton bEam therapy for Oropharyngeal cancer (TORPEdO)" trial-are expected to provide prospective, level I evidence regarding the effectiveness of IMPT for such patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. Medical and Old-Age Care Integration Model and Implementation of the Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) in China: Opportunities and Challenges.

Author

Zhou, Y., Li, Y., Zhu, X., and Ma, Lina

Subjects
HEALTH policy, ACTIVE aging, MATHEMATICAL models, MEDICAL care, HUMAN services programs, THEORY, INTEGRATED health care delivery, ELDER care
Abstract

The demand for healthy old-age care is growing rapidly in China. The traditional old-age care model can no longer meet elderly patients' demands for medical care and old-age care. To promote the development of medical care-integrated old-age care, a solution covering multiple aspects is necessary. In the context of the global development of healthy aging, China recently issued many policies to integrate old-age care with medical care, establishing protection for a large number of disabled elderly people. The Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) project is an international program developed by the World Health Organization. This paper reviews China's medical and old-age care integration model and the opportunities and challenges in implementing the ICOPE in the context of healthy aging in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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42. Volterra Integral Operators from Campanato Spaces into General Function Spaces.

Author

Qian, R. and Zhu, X.

Abstract

In this paper, the boundedness and compactness of embedding from Campanato spaces into tent spaces are investigated. As an application, we give a characterization for the boundedness of the Volterra integral operator from to general function spaces . Meanwhile, the operator and the multiplication operator from to are studied. Furthermore, the essential norm of and from to is also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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43. Room-temperature multiferrocity and magnetodielectric properties of ternary BiFeO3–Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–CaTiO3 ceramics across the rhombohedral–orthorhombic phase boundary.

Author

Huang, W. J., Yang, J. J., Shu, M. F., Wu, J., Yin, L. H., Song, W. H., Tong, P., Zhu, X. B., Yang, J., and Sun, Y. P.

Subjects
LEAD-free ceramics, CERAMICS, SOLID solutions, FERROMAGNETISM, FERROELECTRICITY
Abstract

A novel ternary solid solution (1-y)((1-x)BiFeO3–xBi0.5Na0.5TiO3)–yCaTiO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3, 0.15 ≤ y ≤ 0.25) is designed to present a rhombohedral–orthorhombic morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with enhanced ferroelectricity, canted ferromagnetism, and room-temperature magnetoelectric responses. The addition of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 can generate a distinct MPB region and make BiFeO3–CaTiO3-based ceramics more denser. Therefore, superior ferroelectric properties with the remanent polarization of 37µC/cm2 can be obtained in the x = 0.3, y = 0.15 sample with the presence of rhombohedral–orthorhombic MPB. However, weak ferromagnetism is observed in both the rhombohedral and orthorhombic phases due to a destruction of the spiral spin structure of BiFeO3. The MPB with canted ferromagnetism is constructed. The maximum magnetoelectric interaction constant is found in the MPB compositions with x = 0.2, y = 0.2 which is related with the multiferroic phase boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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44. Establishment and evaluation of rat models of parastomal hernia.

Author

Zhu, X, Liu, J, Liu, Z, Tang, R, and Fu, C

Abstract

Purpose: Parastomal hernia poses a challenging problem in the field of hernia surgery. The high incidence and recurrence rates of parastomal hernia necessitate surgeons to enhance surgical techniques and repair materials. This study aimed to develop a rat model of parastomal hernia by inducing various types of defects on the abdominal wall with colostomy. This established method has potential for future studies on parastomal hernia.In this study, 32 male rats were included and randomly divided into four groups: the oblique abdominis excision (OE), oblique abdominis dissection (OD), rectus abdominis excision (RE), and rectus abdominis dissection (RD) groups. In each group, colostomy was performed and an abdominal wall defect was induced. The rats were observed for 28 days following surgery. The survival rate, body weight, parastomal hernia model scores, abdominal wall adhesion and inflammation, and collagen level in the hernial sac were compared.No significant differences in survival rate and weight were observed among the four groups. The parastomal hernia model scores in the RE and RD groups were significantly higher than those in the OE and OD groups. The ratio of collagen I/III in the RE and RD groups was significantly lower than that in the OE and OD groups. Adhesion and inflammation levels were lower in the RE group than in the RD group.Based on a comprehensive comparison of the findings, RE with colostomy emerged as the optimal approach for establishing parastomal hernia models in rats.Methods: Parastomal hernia poses a challenging problem in the field of hernia surgery. The high incidence and recurrence rates of parastomal hernia necessitate surgeons to enhance surgical techniques and repair materials. This study aimed to develop a rat model of parastomal hernia by inducing various types of defects on the abdominal wall with colostomy. This established method has potential for future studies on parastomal hernia.In this study, 32 male rats were included and randomly divided into four groups: the oblique abdominis excision (OE), oblique abdominis dissection (OD), rectus abdominis excision (RE), and rectus abdominis dissection (RD) groups. In each group, colostomy was performed and an abdominal wall defect was induced. The rats were observed for 28 days following surgery. The survival rate, body weight, parastomal hernia model scores, abdominal wall adhesion and inflammation, and collagen level in the hernial sac were compared.No significant differences in survival rate and weight were observed among the four groups. The parastomal hernia model scores in the RE and RD groups were significantly higher than those in the OE and OD groups. The ratio of collagen I/III in the RE and RD groups was significantly lower than that in the OE and OD groups. Adhesion and inflammation levels were lower in the RE group than in the RD group.Based on a comprehensive comparison of the findings, RE with colostomy emerged as the optimal approach for establishing parastomal hernia models in rats.Results: Parastomal hernia poses a challenging problem in the field of hernia surgery. The high incidence and recurrence rates of parastomal hernia necessitate surgeons to enhance surgical techniques and repair materials. This study aimed to develop a rat model of parastomal hernia by inducing various types of defects on the abdominal wall with colostomy. This established method has potential for future studies on parastomal hernia.In this study, 32 male rats were included and randomly divided into four groups: the oblique abdominis excision (OE), oblique abdominis dissection (OD), rectus abdominis excision (RE), and rectus abdominis dissection (RD) groups. In each group, colostomy was performed and an abdominal wall defect was induced. The rats were observed for 28 days following surgery. The survival rate, body weight, parastomal hernia model scores, abdominal wall adhesion and inflammation, and collagen level in the hernial sac were compared.No significant differences in survival rate and weight were observed among the four groups. The parastomal hernia model scores in the RE and RD groups were significantly higher than those in the OE and OD groups. The ratio of collagen I/III in the RE and RD groups was significantly lower than that in the OE and OD groups. Adhesion and inflammation levels were lower in the RE group than in the RD group.Based on a comprehensive comparison of the findings, RE with colostomy emerged as the optimal approach for establishing parastomal hernia models in rats.Conclusion: Parastomal hernia poses a challenging problem in the field of hernia surgery. The high incidence and recurrence rates of parastomal hernia necessitate surgeons to enhance surgical techniques and repair materials. This study aimed to develop a rat model of parastomal hernia by inducing various types of defects on the abdominal wall with colostomy. This established method has potential for future studies on parastomal hernia.In this study, 32 male rats were included and randomly divided into four groups: the oblique abdominis excision (OE), oblique abdominis dissection (OD), rectus abdominis excision (RE), and rectus abdominis dissection (RD) groups. In each group, colostomy was performed and an abdominal wall defect was induced. The rats were observed for 28 days following surgery. The survival rate, body weight, parastomal hernia model scores, abdominal wall adhesion and inflammation, and collagen level in the hernial sac were compared.No significant differences in survival rate and weight were observed among the four groups. The parastomal hernia model scores in the RE and RD groups were significantly higher than those in the OE and OD groups. The ratio of collagen I/III in the RE and RD groups was significantly lower than that in the OE and OD groups. Adhesion and inflammation levels were lower in the RE group than in the RD group.Based on a comprehensive comparison of the findings, RE with colostomy emerged as the optimal approach for establishing parastomal hernia models in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Author Correction: Hyperbolic exciton polaritons in a van der Waals magnet.

Author

Ruta, Francesco L., Zhang, Shuai, Shao, Yinming, Moore, Samuel L., Acharya, Swagata, Sun, Zhiyuan, Qiu, Siyuan, Geurs, Johannes, Kim, Brian S. Y., Fu, Matthew, Chica, Daniel G., Pashov, Dimitar, Xu, Xiaodong, Xiao, Di, Delor, Milan, Zhu, X-Y., Millis, Andrew J., Roy, Xavier, Hone, James C., and Dean, Cory R.

Subjects
POLARITONS, MAGNETS
Abstract

This correction notice is for an article titled "Hyperbolic exciton polaritons in a van der Waals magnet" published in Nature Communications. The correction addresses an error in the reference list order, where references 47 and 48 were switched with references 49 and 50. The correction has been made in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article. The authors who contributed equally to the article are Francesco L. Ruta, Shuai Zhang, and Yinming Shao, along with several other authors listed in the correction notice. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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47. An advanced meshless approach for the high-dimensional multi-term time-space-fractional PDEs on convex domains.

Author

Zhu, X. G., Nie, Y. F., Wang, J. G., and Yuan, Z. B.

Abstract

In this article, an advanced differential quadrature (DQ) approach is proposed for the high-dimensional multi-term time-space-fractional partial differential equations (TSFPDEs) on convex domains. Firstly, a family of high-order difference schemes is introduced to discretize the time-fractional derivative, and a semi-discrete scheme for the considered problems is presented. We strictly prove its unconditional stability and error estimate. Further, we derive a class of DQ formulas to evaluate the fractional derivatives, which employs radial basis functions (RBFs) as test functions. Using these DQ formulas in spatial discretization, a fully discrete DQ scheme is then proposed. Our approach provides a flexible and high accurate alternative to solve the high-dimensional multi-term TSFPDEs on convex domains, and its actual performance is illustrated by contrast to the other methods available in the open literature. The numerical results confirm the theoretical analysis and the capability of our proposed method finally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. A Phase 1 randomized study compare the pharmacokinetics, safety and immunogenicity of HLX02 to reference CN- and EU-sourced trastuzumab in healthy subjects.

Author

Zhu, X., Ding, Y., Yu, Y., Wang, M., Zhou, W., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Chai, K., Zhang, X., Luk, A., Jiang, W., Liu, S., and Zhang, Q.

Subjects
*RESEARCH, *BIOLOGICAL products, *INTRAVENOUS therapy, *RESEARCH methodology, *PHARMACOKINETICS, *MEDICAL cooperation, *EVALUATION research, *COMPARATIVE studies, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, *BLIND experiment, *RESEARCH funding, *STATISTICAL sampling
Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the bioequivalence of China-manufactured biosimilar, HLX02, to reference China (CN)- and European Union (EU)-sourced trastuzumab.Methods: This was a two-part Phase 1 study conducted in healthy Chinese males. Part 1 evaluated the safety of different doses of HLX02 (2, 4, 6 or 8 mg/kg; intravenous infusion over 90 min, n = 3 per group). Part 2, a randomized, double-blind study, investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and immunogenicity of study drugs (HLX02 [n = 37], CN-trastuzumab [n = 35] or EU-trastuzumab [n = 37] at the dose suggested by Part 1 results). The primary PK endpoint was the area under the serum concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUCinf). Equivalence was concluded if the 90% confidence interval (CI) for the geometric least squares mean ratio (GLSMR) fell in the equivalence criteria of 0.80-1.25.Results: In Part 1, all doses of HLX02 were well tolerated and 6 mg/kg was suggested for Part 2. The GLSMRs and 90% CIs for AUCinf were: 0.950 (0.891-1.013), 0.914 (0.858-0.973) and 0.962 (0.902-1.025) for HLX02 versus CN-trastuzumab, HLX02 versus EU-trastuzumab and CN-trastuzumab versus EU-trastuzumab, respectively. Secondary endpoints comparisons also fell in the equivalence criteria. Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 75.7, 86.5 and 70.3% of the subjects in HLX02, CN-trastuzumab, and EU-trastuzumab groups, respectively. No serious adverse events or deaths occurred. No treatment-related anti-drug antibodies were detected.Conclusion: This study demonstrated comparable safety profiles and PK bioequivalence among HLX02, CN-trastuzumab and EU-trastuzumab in healthy Chinese male subjects.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02581748, registered at October 19, 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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49. Predictive Value of Serum Creatinine/Cystatin C in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients under Nutritional Intervention.

Author

Liu, W., Zhu, X., Tan, X., Yang, L., Wang, Y., Diao, S., Huang, S., Zhang, X., Yang, Yi, and Ni, Jianqiang

Subjects
STROKE prognosis, STROKE-related mortality, BIOMARKERS, ISCHEMIC stroke, CYSTATIN C, CONFIDENCE intervals, MULTIVARIATE analysis, MULTIPLE regression analysis, SARCOPENIA, DIET therapy, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ODDS ratio, ACUTE diseases, CREATININE, LONGITUDINAL method, BLOOD
Abstract

Background and Purpose: As a very common risk of adverse outcomes of the ischemic stroke patients, sarcopenia is associated with infectious complications and higher mortality. The goal of this retrospective study is to explore the predictive value of serum Cr/CysC ratio in acute ischemic stroke patients receiving nutritional intervention. Methods: We reviewed adult patients with AIS from December 2019 to February 2020. Patients with acute kidney injury were excluded and all patients received nutritional intervention during a 3-month follow-up period. We collected baseline data at admission including creatinine and cystatin C. The primary poor outcome was major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 4) at 3 months after AIS. Results: A total of 217 patients with AIS were identified for this study. Serum Cr/CysC ratio was significantly correlated with NIHSS at discharge, 1-month modified Rankin Scale score, and 3-month modified Rankin Scale score. During 3 months, 34 (15.70%) patients had a poor outcome after AIS and 11 (5.10%) patients died within 30 days. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, serum Cr/CysC ratio at admission was independently associated with 3-month poor outcomes (OR: 0.953, 95% CI: 0.921–0.986, p =.006) and 30-day mortality (OR: 0.953, 95% CI: 0.921–0.986, p =.006). Conclusion: As a blood biochemical indexes reflecting the muscle mass and aiding in risk stratification, Cr/CysC ratio at admission could be used as a predictor of 30-day mortality and long-term poor prognosis in AIS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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50. A WATER STABLE Cd(II) METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK FOR SENSING POLLUTANTS WITH A HIGH SELECTIVITY.

Author

Zhu, M., Zhu, X., Wu, S., and Gao, E.

Abstract

Water pollution is a serious environmental problem and is increasing the threat to public health. In the experiment, a cadmium metal organic framework (MOF) with high selectivity and stability and a low detection limit is used to detect Fe3+ and ions in an aqueous solution. Luminescence spectra measurements show that Cd–MOF can selectively and sensitively detect and Fe3+ ions in an aqueous solution with low detection limits of 0.08 μM and 2.1 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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