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The study examines the relationship between ICT diffusion and climate change for a global panel of 92 countries for the period 1990 to 2018. The study constructs an index of ICT diffusion through principal component analysis and utilizes estimation techniques such as pooled ordinary least squares, the fixed effects model and the system generalized method of moments with panel corrected standard errors. Our study finds that in general, ICT diffusion mitigates CO2 emissions; however, financial development worsens climatic changes. Moreover, the findings indicate that higher levels of economic growth take care of CO2 emissions for the full sample and developing countries but not for the developed countries. On the other hand, trade openness shows differential impacts for developed and developing countries, suggesting that carbon implications of trade openness depend on the country's regulatory authority and ecological regulations. The study concludes that trade policies and financial development need to be rationalized for sustainable development. However, ICT diffusion should be encouraged as it leads to the mitigation of CO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Increasing evidence shows that global warming has exerted important influence on the economies of societies in the past and will continue to have effects in the future. The provinces of China differ substantially in terms of their temperatures and their degrees of economic development. Therefore, discussion of the positive and negative effects of global warming on economic development at the provincial level is beneficial for determining the effects of global warming on economic development in different provinces, and this discussion also helps to answer the question of how to increase the resilience of economies to global warming. This paper studies the effects of annual average temperature changes on economic growth in the 31 provinces of China from 1978 to 2013 (here referred to as the historical period) and in the 5 typical provinces from 2010 to 2100 (here referred to as the future) under the RCP8.5 scenario. The results indicate that (a) from 1978 to 2013, economic growth exhibits a quadratic nonlinear response to local temperature in all provinces of China and that temperature has both positive and negative effects on the economic growth rates of different provinces. In addition, taking 23.37 °C as a threshold value, over 96% of the provinces display positive effects. (b) Under the RCP8.5 scenario, from 2010 to 2100, although the 5 typical provinces maintain trends reflecting economic growth, the average rate of growth is 80% lower than the value during the historical period. The purpose of this study is to draw the attention of the government to the implications of future global warming for the economic development of different provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]