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Examines the implications of market-driven journalism for daily newspaper content. Impact of market-driven journalism on U.S. news organizations; Reasons for the controversial nature of market-oriented journalism; Topics covered in papers with relatively strong and weak market orientations.

American newspaper editorial boards occupy unusual positions within their newspapers as the only journalists at the papers who may openly express their opinions. When they exercise their opinion-making power in the form of candidate endorsements, they potentially intervene in the democratic process by influencing readers' voting decisions. This article examines American newspaper endorsements of political candidates from the point of view of editorial board members who were involved in endorsement processes during the 2002 and 2004 campaign seasons in Pennsylvania. Through ethnographic observation and interviews with four newspaper editorial boards and 16 editorial board members, this article explores the purposes and roles with which editorial board members believe they undertake the endorsement process, the ways in which they envision the consumers of their endorsements and the challenges they encounter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines newspaper coverage of protests from 1960 to 1999. Initial findings indicated protests received consistent levels of support over that time. In light of this, we expected little change in the extent to which these protests challenged the status quo. However, there was a steady decline, with protest coverage becoming less deviant throughout this study. Further analyses suggest disparities in coverage of different protest-types were apparent during the Vietnam War. The most drastic change in treatment of different protest-types was directly after the height of the anti-war movement followed by gradual change thereafter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study, which examined whether a similar normalization effect can be seen in online adaptations of the journalistic role in the political process. Significance of Web sites for journalists; Results of a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, which focused on the usage of the Internet during the 2000 election in the U.S.; Key attributes of the Web site that counter criticisms of traditional media coverage of campaigns and elections; Increase in the number of newspapers that offered sections of their Web sites to election coverage.

Focuses on an ethnographic case study on how a newspaper in the United States deals with the conflict between alternative and mainstream journalism. Details on mainstream journalism; Definition of journalism; What is implied by objectivity.

Focuses on the relationship between the Chicago newspapers and the wider community between 1880 and 1930. Suggestion that Chicago journalism was complex; Information on the specialized and foreign language newspapers that existed; Number daily papers between 1880 and 1900; Description of Chicago's ethnic diversity during this time.

The article discusses on the future of U.S. journalism in the 21st century upon which one of nation's biggest newspaper chief executive indicated that 19 out of the 50 biggest newspapers in the U.S. were suffering from money loss and even predicted for the number to increase. According to the author, he hopes that future organizations for news would find other means to compensate this type of journalism from websites and activities in the internet although it has not been a hopeful source of tax income. It is stated that a great challenge for the coming century would be paying for a great quality of journalism.

From its beginning, American journalism has been anchored in both the printing trades and the world of intellectuals who recognized the value of newspapers in shaping public opinion. These dual origins influenced the debate over journalism education from the mid-nineteenth century. News professionals and university educators pondered whether journalists needed to be college-educated, whether they needed a liberal arts degree, or whether they needed professional education that combined liberal arts and practical training. These debates were complex and political, representing issues of localism versus nationalism, the role of professional schools within the American university, and the rise of social science. The tension between educating reporters and editors to improve the quality of journalism or contribute to a democracy versus training them to function efficiently in a newspaper office—or any media environment—continues today. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study examined the portrayal of climate change in four national newspapers from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and the United States. The results indicated that leading media in Brazil and the United States highlighted the policy progress being made to mitigate climate change and presented the issue in economic terms, whereas coverage in Argentina and Colombia portrayed the issue as being urgent and emphasized the catastrophic consequences of climate change. The findings are consistent with previous work indicating a lack of focus on scientific controversy from non-U.S. media and present implications for comparative studies examining nuances in international coverage of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Mainstream US newspapers since the 1890s moved away from event-centered news of local persons and places and toward interpretative news of more distant issues, a trend called the new long journalism that continued when the press moved online. By the mid-2000s social media and web interactivity were common, and print news had not yet entered the profitability and jobs crisis-to-come. A study in 2005 replicates and extends the baseline measures of online news content. The long journalism trends continued for politics, a core topic in serving the public, and for NYTimes.com, a leader in the media and innovator online. But for breaking news topics such as accidents and for less prominent news outlets, online content moved toward shorter, less analytical coverage linked to individuals, other current happenings, and an especially local focus. The results show how journalists were experimenting at a key moment in the development of online news. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article reports on the study which examines how the ideal of investigative reporting is practiced in smaller sized daily newspapers in the U.S. The data used in the study are collected through an online survey using purposive sampling of journalists from daily newspapers in different sized communities in the country. The data are first analyzed for overall patterns and then through hierarchical cluster analysis in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) with Ward's Method and squared Euclidean distances to explore the orientation patterns. The study shows that reporters at small dailies are less likely to conduct investigative projects although a commitment to such ideals remains among these journalists.

This article examines how US general-circulation newspapers construct and convey the idea of racial oppression. A Nexis database search found 146 news items published between 1990 and 2001 prominently using the phrase `racial oppression'. Content analysis numerically coded the `facts' of racial oppression (that is the `who, what, when, where, why, and how') and a number of other structural features of the articles. Interpretive textual analysis considered the use of words and phrases to characterize the process of and those involved in racial oppression. The study found that the US press constructed racial oppression in fairly narrow ways. In the news stories, forms of racial oppression typically occurred in the past. The stories focused on apartheid, slavery and the confederate flag, depicted the process as involving almost exclusively blacks and whites and emphasized narratives related to Mandela as hero, white guilt and absolution, bounded empathy and race and rationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outgoing executive editor of the Washington Post predicts a bright future for United States newspapers, writing: "The future of newspaper newsrooms is especially important to the future of accountability journalism in the United States because they still produce the most original reporting, compared to stand-alone websites, local television stations or even the big broadcast and cable networks. But they also must cope with high fixed costs of production and distribution of printed newspapers. How they restructure their economic models, take better advantage of the internet and define their public service missions in a time of enormous stress will determine the future of the accountability journalism that is so important in a representative democracy." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the challenges experienced by Europe and the U.S. newspaper industry due to financial crisis and the internet progression. It presents newspaper legends and periodical institutions transferring from print to the web because it is where readers dwell. However, the author says that such phenomenon on the industry should not lead to panic because the fact remains that newspapers are a growth business, pointing to the Finnish press and journalism. He further stresses that people are becoming more interested of global events, which shows a promising path for journalism.