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Este artículo analiza el componente fónico en tres textos compuestos por Francisco Javier Vingut: la Spanish grammar, el Vingut’s Ollendorff’s New Method y Le maître d’espagnol (Nueva York, 1848, 1850, 1853 y 1854), pues resultan una interesante contribución a la historiografía de la pronunciación española, pues se aproxima, en un país y en una etapa todavía poco conocidos, a descripciones articulatorias, a metodologías comparativas y a un sistema de notación o representación de la pronunciación a partir de diferentes signos de trascripción., This paper analyzes the phonic component in three texts of Francisco Javier Vingut: Span-ish grammar, Vingut’s Ollendorff’s New Method and Le maître d’espagnol (New York, 1848, 1850, 1853 and 1854), since they are an interesting contribution to the historiography of the Spanish pronunciation, because it approaches, in a country and at a stage still little known, to articulatory descriptions, to comparative methodologies and to a system of notation or representation of the pronunciation from different signs of transcription., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Depto. de Lengua Española y Teoría de la Literatura, Fac. de Filología, TRUE, pub

¿Existen diferencias de conocimiento acerca del cambio climático entre adolescentes mujeres y hombres? ¿Cómo perciben los adolescentes la crisis climática en función del género? Con el fin de dar respuesta a estas preguntas se realizó un metaanálisis con una muestra de 84 artículos internacionales seleccionados con la metodología de revisión bibliográfica sistematizada, para lo cual se identificaron aquellos en los que —de acuerdo con la variable de género— existían diferencias de conocimiento, percepciones y/o valoraciones entre los adolescentes que cursaban educación secundaria. Del total de artículos —que se concentró entre 1993 y 2017— 26 de ellos (30,95%) abordaban las diferencias de género en relación con el cambio climático. El metaanálisis reveló que las mujeres obtenían menores puntuaciones que los hombres respecto de los conocimientos en esta temática, con una diferencia aumentada conforme se avanzaba en los respectivos cursos de educación secundaria, aunque atribuían un mayor riesgo a la crisis climática, presentaban mayor preocupación por el problema y, a diferencia de los hombres que evidenciaban una cosmovisión más tecnicista, estas mostraron mayor disposición ecocéntrica para aceptar las medidas contra la crisis climática, Are there differences between adolescent men and women in terms of knowledge about climate change? How do adolescents perceive the climate crisis depending on their gender? In order to answer these questions, we carried out a meta-analysis on a sample of 84 international papers selected by conducting a systematic review methodology. To achieve that aim, we identified studies that showed differences according to the gender variable in terms of knowledge, perceptions, and/or opinions among adolescents pursuing secondary education. A total of 26 out of 84 papers (30.95%)—concentrated between 1993 and 2017—addressed gender differences regarding climate change. The meta-analysis revealed that women score lower than men on knowledge about climate change, with the difference increasing as they move forward in their respective secondary education courses. However, women are found to attribute greater risk to the climate crisis, they are more concerned about the problem, and—unlike men, who have a more technical worldview—they show greater ecocentric willingness to accept measures to address it

Decolonization is a situated effort as it relates to the relations of privilege, power, politics, and access (3P-A, in Albarrán González’s terms) between the people involved in design in relation to wider societies. This complexity creates certain challenges for how we can understand, learn about, and nurture decolonization in design towards pluriversality, since such decolonizing effort is based on the relationship between specific individuals and the collective. In this paper, we present and discuss the ‘River project’, a participatory space for decolonizing design, created for designers and practitioners to reflect on their own 3P-A as a way to create awareness of their own oppressive potential in design work. These joint reflections challenged ideas of participation and shaped learning processes between the participants, bringing to the foreground the importance of seeing and allowing for a plurality of life and work worlds to be brought together. We build on the learnings from this project to propose the notions of pluriversal participation, pluriversal presence, and pluriversal directionality, which can help nurture decolonizing designs towards pluriversality. We conclude by arguing that, for nurturing pluriversality through Participatory Design, participation, presence, and direction must be equally pluriversal., Originally included in thesis in manuscript form.

[ES] Se discute críticamente la relación directa y absoluta que se ha establecido en los Andes entre desarrollo agrohidráulico, complejidad social y poder centralizado, a partir del levantamiento de evidencias arqueológicas y etnográficas relacionadas con los acondicionamientos agrícolas e hidráulicos que se preservan en Pampa Iluga (Tarapacá, Chile), particularmente en torno al sitio Iluga Túmulos. El análisis realizado trae al presente una memoria material e histórica que desafía la visión clásica que ha subestimado el rol del trabajo corporativo y las organizaciones comunitarias descentralizadas; y que es más bien concordante con las perspectivas actuales que las consideran agentes de cambio capaces de desarrollar proyectos agrícolas propios, como en las tierras bajas e hiperáridas de Atacama, de gran envergadura y larga duración. Complementariamente, estas memorias permiten relevar la dimensión ontológica de esa agricultura indígena, otorgando agencia a otras entidades no humanas con quienes los humanos trabajan de forma coordinada y entrelazada en la construcción de este paisaje tarapaqueño. Ello configura un intrincado ensamblaje socio-natural y temporal, donde resulta infructuoso intentar separar la naturaleza de la cultura., [EN] In this paper, we critically discuss the direct and absolute relationship that has been established in the Andes between agro-hydraulic development, social complexity, and centralized power, based on the archaeological and ethnographic evidence related to agricultural and hydraulic features preserved in Pampa Iluga (Tarapacá, Chile), particularly around the Iluga Túmulos site. Our analysis brings up to date a material and historical memory, challenging the classical vision that has underestimated the role of corporate work and decentralized community organizations. This is consistent with current perspectives that view these organizations as agents of change, capable of developing their own large-scale, long-term agricultural projects, as has been the case in the hyperarid lowlands of the Atacama Desert. Complementarily, these memories allow us to highlight the ontological dimension of this indigenous agriculture, granting agency to other non-human entities with whom humans are closely intertwined and coordinated in the construction of this Tarapacan landscape. This creates an intricate socio-natural and temporal assemblage in which any attempt to separate nature from culture is a fruitless task.

Las inundaciones son el riesgo natural que genera mayores impactos socioeconómicos y territoriales en el litoral mediterráneo español. El aumento en la frecuencia de este tipo de eventos y una desajustada ocupación del suelo ha elevado la exposición y la vulnerabilidad de territorios y poblaciones en las últimas décadas. El mapa es el documento de acreditación legal del riesgo y pieza clave para la toma de decisiones en las distintas escalas geográficas de la ordenación territorial. Este trabajo plantea una evaluación multiescalar del tratamiento de la cartografía de riesgo de inundación en los instrumentos de ordenación territorial y analiza el grado de vinculación entre ellos. Se examinan los casos de la Comunidad Valenciana y Andalucía, territorios altamente expuestos y vulnerables ante inundaciones. Los resultados identifican importantes retos conceptuales y metodológicos, especialmente en los documentos de planificación urbana y en lo referente a cuestiones ligadas con la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad., Flood risk causes the major socio-economic losses in the Spanish Mediterranean coast. As a result of a misalignment of land use policies and practices, which have not considered floods hazard sufficiently, the increase in the frequency of floods due to climate change, exposure and vulnerability have increased in last decades. Territorial planning is a key tool to promote preventive risk management, and risk mapping is the key piece for decision making at the different geographical scales of land use planning. This paper presents a systematic multi-scale analysis of risk map treatment in territorial planning instruments at different scales, and analyzes the degree of linkage between them. The analysis has been carried out in two case studies in Spain (Valencian Community and Andalusia). Results show that the use of flood risk mapping continues to pose important challenges, especially in urban planning documents, and in relation to vulnerability assessment.

El flamenco, como expresión cultural secularmente asociada a ciertas clases sociales desfavorecidas, ha desempeñado un papel muy relevante en la construcción de la imagen y la identidad de los paisajes de las periferias urbanas. Nuestro objetivo es trazar un recorrido por algunas de esas representaciones, vinculadas a los significados cambiantes que ha ido adquiriendo la periferia a medida que se ha modificado el medio geográfico subyacente. Así, en los años setenta y ochenta, la “música de gasolinera” puso banda sonora a la idea de marginación y delincuencia que acompaña al arquetipo quinqui. Con posterioridad, el estigma fue siendo sustituido por el reclamo de atención, se persiguió el reconocimiento social de barriadas tradicionalmente estigmatizadas y el flamenco ayudó a generar un sentimiento de autoestima. Este proceso finalizó en la resignificación del ‘afueras’ como espacio elogiado y vanagloriado, una suerte de empoderamiento del suburbio como un lugar apreciado, cargado de símbolos que lo cualifican, Flamenco is a cultural expression, secularly linked to Spanish lower social classes, and has played a significant role in the construction of the image and identity of peri-urban landscapes. In this research paper, these representations are outlined, whereby meanings of suburban areas have shifted as their geographical environment has changed. Thus, in the ’70s and ’80s, a depiction of “quinqui” archetype as a paradigm of marginalization and delinquency was made via the “gasolinera music”. Afterward, the stigma was replaced by the claims for attention, and social recognition of stigmatized neighborhoods is observed. So, flamenco contributed to the increasing of a feeling of self-worth. Finally, suburbs have undergone a particular resignification as flattered and boasted spaces; thus, a kind of empowerment and reappraising of the suburb occur through new symbolic features

Energy renovation of buildings in the European Union would lead to important energy savings and a 26% reduction in consumption. But, despite these relevant benefits and the programs implemented to promote energy retrofit, in Europe and Spain, the housing renovation rate is low. The barriers faced by contractors, homes, and finance companies are impassable. So, in the international arena, and promoted by European directives, have appeared One-Stop-Shops (OSS), as integrated management entities to promote the energy renovation of dwellings, which seems a central element in the development of future strategies. This paper analyses the implemented experiences of OSSs in Europe, trying to identify the main elements, and proposes lines of action to strengthen OSS operation in the long term. To do it, documents, regulations, and data on the context were studied. Also explores the Spanish pioneering experiences through in-depth interviews. The results suggested that a lack of structural funding is one reason why activities were finished and that the most successful cases applied an ‘all inclusive’ model and supported families in the entire process. It is highlighted the relevant role played by European projects as a source of funding and specialist knowledge; as well as the pending solution barriers., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Attending to the need to integrate somatic sensibilities into design education, this paper provides a walkthrough of a workshop activity devoted to introducing Gestalt laws through the cultivation of somatic sensibility. Instead of following a solely visually-oriented path to learning Gestalt laws, students were asked to use their senses and materials as vehicles to represent their felt, inner experience through their designs. By applying the proposed steps, it was observed that certain patterns of responses reporting on movement, intensity, and dissipation of awareness were associated with specific Gestalt laws. This article reports on the first approximations of this approach, suggesting future paths for design educators, such as the integration of both constraints and whole-body interactions with materials as students increase their somatic sensibility., QC 20230706

In this paper we have mapped the time in which the continental shelf of the Atlantic coast of Andalusia (Spain) and Algarve (Portugal) has been emerged during the last glaciation, using a digital elevation model and a sea level model developed from the heights of twelve subperiods that encompass the entire glaciation. Since the Gulf of Cádiz coast has a wide continental shelf, the emerged surface during the glaciation was greater than at present, being its size dependent on the position of the sea level. Additionally, the last glaciation sea level model is compared with another simplified model based on two sub-periods, one of almost 100,000 years, of sea level decline, and another of about 12,000 years, of sea level rise. The results show that broad sectors of the continental shelf remained emerged for long periods of time, and that the methodological proposal made is significantly more accurate than any other approach, including that of the proposed simplified model., En este trabajo se cartografía el tiempo en que la plataforma continental de la costa atlántica de Andalucía (España) y Algarve (Portugal) ha estado emergida durante la última glaciación, empleando para ello un modelo digital de elevaciones batimétrico y un modelo de cambio del nivel del mar elaborado a partir de las cotas de doce subperiodos que engloban la totalidad de la última glaciación. Debido a que la costa de Golfo de Cádiz presenta una amplia plataforma continental, la superficie emergida durante la glaciación debió ser muy extensa, con un tamaño dependiente de la posición del nivel el mar en cada momento. Adicionalmente, se compara el modelo de cambio del nivel del mar desarrollado con otro modelo simplificado basado en dos subperiodos, uno de descenso del nivel del mar y otro de ascenso. Los resultados evidencian que amplios sectores de la plataforma continental permanecieron emergidos durante largos periodos de tiempo, y que la propuesta metodológica realizada resulta notablemente más precisa que la del modelo simplificado propuesto.

Energy renovation of buildings in the European Union would lead to important energy savings and a 26% reduction in consumption. But, despite these relevant benefits and the programs implemented to promote energy retrofit, in Europe and Spain, the housing renovation rate is low. The barriers faced by contractors, homes, and finance companies are impassable. So, in the international arena, and promoted by European directives, have appeared One-Stop-Shops (OSS), as integrated management entities to promote the energy renovation of dwellings, which seems a central element in the development of future strategies. This paper analyses the implemented experiences of OSSs in Europe, trying to identify the main elements, and proposes lines of action to strengthen OSS operation in the long term. To do it, documents, regulations, and data on the context were studied. Also explores the Spanish pioneering experiences through in-depth interviews. The results suggested that a lack of structural funding is one reason why activities were finished and that the most successful cases applied an ‘all inclusive’ model and supported families in the entire process. It is highlighted the relevant role played by European projects as a source of funding and specialist knowledge; as well as the pending solution barriers.