Author: "Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)" / Publication Year Range: Last 50 years / Publisher: ieee - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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896 results on '"Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)"'

1. Continual Self-Supervised Domain Adaptation for End-to-End Speaker Diarization

Author: Coria, Juan Manuel, Bredin, Hervé, Ghannay, Sahar, Rosset, Sophie, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Structuration, Analyse et MOdélisation de documents Vidéo et Audio (IRIT-SAMoVA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay under PhD contract number 2019-089, access to the HPC resources of IDRIS under the allocation AD011012177R1 made by GENCI, and IEEE Speech and Language Processing Technical Committee
Subjects: Self-supervised learning, Domain adaptation, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, End-to-end speaker diarization, Continual learning, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; In conventional domain adaptation for speaker diarization, a large collection of annotated conversations from the target domain is required. In this work, we propose a novel continual training scheme for domain adaptation of an end-to-end speaker diarization system, which processes one conversation at a time and benefits from full self-supervision thanks to pseudo-labels. The qualities of our method allow for autonomous adaptation (e.g. of a voice assistant to a new household), while also avoiding permanent storage of possibly sensitive user conversations. We experiment extensively on the 11 domains of the DIHARD III corpus and show the effectiveness of our approach with respect to a pre-trained baseline, achieving a relative 17% performance improvement. We also find that data augmentation and a well-defined target domain are key factors to avoid divergence and to benefit from transfer.
Published: 2023

2. From the Study of Table Trajectories during Collaborative Carriages toward Pro-active Human-Robot Table Handling Tasks

Author: Maroger, Isabelle, Stasse, Olivier, Watier, Bruno, Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), ANR-18-CE10-0003,CoBot,Collaborative Robot(2018), Maroger, Isabelle, and APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Collaborative Robot - - CoBot2018 - ANR-18-CE10-0003 - AAPG2018 - VALID
Subjects: [SPI.MECA.BIOM] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract: International audience; The study of human-human interactions is essential for a better understanding of human behaviour during collaborative tasks. This knowledge is not only interesting in life science but can also be useful in robotic science. Indeed, to efficiently assist a human partner during a human-robot collaboration, the robot needs to be as reactive as a human would be. This can only be achieved by embedding a model of human behaviour into the robot control scheme. In this paper, a human-humanoid robot collaboration to carry a table is tackled. First, the experimental Center of Mass (CoM) trajectories of a table carried by 20 pairs of subjects to various goal positions are studied and modeled using an optimal control problem. Then, based on this model, a prediction process which accurately predicts the table trajectories is designed. Finally, this prediction process is coupled with the robot Walking Pattern Generator (WPG). Using a torque whole-body controller, this framework is tested in simulation on Gazebo on a TALOS humanoid robot model. In this simulation, the robot actively assists a simulated human partner in lifting and carrying a table to an unknown goal position.
Published: 2022

3. A Low-Loss 77 GHz Sub-Sampling Passive Mixer Integrated in a 28-nm CMOS Radar Receiver

Author: Flete, Alexandre, Viallon, Christophe, Cathelin, Philippe, Parra, Thierry, NXP Semiconductors [France], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and STMicroelectronics [Crolles] (ST-CROLLES)
Subjects: Millimeter-wave, FD-SOI, Sub-harmonic, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract: International audience; This paper demonstrates that using sub-sampling mixer topology can be the right choice to implement a millimeter-wave (mmW) receiver. In a 77 GHz radar receiver, it allows to reduce the burden of a 77 GHz LO distribution chain, in term of area and consumption, while preserving RF performances. Demonstration is done from two topologies of ×3 sub-sampling mixers implemented in 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. The best proposed passive mixer exhibits a-2.1 dB conversion gain (Gcv), a 1dB input-referred compression power (ICP1dB) of +3.5 dBm, and a 16.8 dB Single Side Band Noise Figure (NFSSB). The mixer LO signal shaping consumption is 32 mW on a 1.2 V supply while the passive mixer core does not require any DC power.
Published: 2022

4. Parametric nano-electrical analysis for SiC junctions of a packaged device

Author: Rosine Coq Germanicus, Wadia Jouha, Niemat Moultif, Peter De Wolf, Vishal A. Shah, Peter. M Gammon, Ulrike Luders, Olivier Latry, Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bruker Nano Surfaces Division [Santa Barbara, CA, États-Unis], Bruker, Dept. of Electronics, Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), University of Warwick [Coventry], Convertisseurs Statiques (LAPLACE-CS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: SiC, SCM, [PHYS]Physics [physics], AFM - Atomic force microscopy, Power MOSFET
Abstract: Precise and accurate electrical characterization of power electronics device die structures at the wafer level is essential to compare device operation to the design and to model reliability issues. In this paper, a parametric analysis for local electrical characterization in two dimensions for a discrete packaged commercial silicon carbide MOSFET is presented. On the cross-sectional sample, electron beam-induced current (EBIC) in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to locate the pn junction of the body diode, evaluating the effect of the electron beam energy on the imaging of this area. Scanning Capacitance Microscopy (SCM) based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) is employed to analyze the junction areas of the packaged silicon carbide MOSFET device. A parametric approach is proposed to reveal the local electrical properties of all layers in the MOSFET (n-, p-type, low, medium and high doping levels of doped SiC epilayers and SiC substrate and the silicon gate). The objective of the paper is to expose the potentialities of EBIC and SCM to perform comprehensive characterization of a SiC packaged device. The influence of the applied voltages (VDC and VAC) during SCM acquisitions is investigated, in order to quantify their effect on the analysis of the doped layers of the MOSFET SiC. The nano-electrical experiments are supported by TCAD simulations of the tip/sample nano-MOS contact to confirm the interpretation in terms of doping levels of the AFM maps of the silicon carbide die.
Published: 2022

5. Facilitating Safety and Security Co-design and Formal Analysis in Multi-layered System Modeling

Author: Quamara, Megha, Pedroza, Gabriel, Hamid, Brahim, Département Ingénierie Logiciels et Systèmes (DILS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Advancing Rigorous Software and System Engineering (IRIT-ARGOS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: safety, co-engineering, formal methods, analysis, model-driven engineering, design, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], security
Abstract: International audience; The engineering process of systems deployed in critical domains (e.g., automotive) advocates for early-stage integrated analysis of safety and security concerns, given their mutual influence. Specifically, in the design phase, safety and security requirements undergo a transition to the system architectural design across different granular and conceptual representations. However, such an enrichment process is often complex and lacks preliminary guidance to consistently break down high-level system specifications and requirements into intricate architecture and deployment. In particular, engineers require further support to interpret diverse system, safety, and security expertise and facilitate the consistent passage of knowledge pertaining to these disciplines for automated analysis. To this end, we propose an approach to facilitate the joint design and formal analysis of system safety and security concerns. Notably, the approach aims for a three-layered system modeling, integrating mission, functional and component views, and also, reusable libraries of pre-defined safety and security properties, specialize-able across them. We couple the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) paradigm and Formal Methods (FM) for the hierarchical-precise modeling, formal interpretation, and verification of model views w.r.t. the desired properties. The accompanying tool-chain support for approach instantiation builds upon Papyrus as a modeling framework and Rodin as a formal-based tool for verification. The proposed approach is illustrated via a Connected-Driving Vehicles (CDVs) use case.
Published: 2022

6. Stack Plume Aerosol Retrieval from Prisma Hyperspectral Images

Author: Calassou, Gabriel, Foucher, Pierre-Yves, Leon, Jean-Francois, ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: stack emission, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], hyperspectral imagery, aerosols
Abstract: In this paper, the physical and optical properties of aerosol plumes emitted by industrial stacks are analyzed using hyperspectral PRISMA satellite images. The plume aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and aerosol modal radius are retrieved with an algorithm using the statistical formalism of the optimal estimation method. SENTINEL-2/MSI data are also used to constrain the surface reflectances. The algorithm is applied to fine particle emissions from three industrial sites: a flaring emission from a gas flaring at an oil extraction site in Hassi Messaoud, Algeria (07/09/2021), a steel plant in Wuhan, China (03/24/2021) and a coal plant in Kendal, South Africa (09/25/2021). The mean fine mode radii vary between 0.10 to 0.39 µm, 0.30 to 0.70 µm and 0.40 to 1.25 µm for the flaring site, the steel site and the coal plant, respectively. These radii are associated with AOTs varying between 0.2 to 1.0 for the flare emission, 0.5 to 3.4 for the steel plant and 0.6 to 2.4 for the coal plant.
Published: 2022

7. Event-based control of a damped linear Schrödinger equation

Author: Koudohode, Florent, Baudouin, Lucie, Tarbouriech, Sophie, Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Observability inequality, Global exponential stability, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Schrödinger equation, Event-triggering mechanism
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents the design of an eventtriggering mechanism for the damped linear Schrödinger equation. Indomain Constant and localized damping are considered. The absence of any accumulation points of the time updates sequence is proven, ensuring the avoidance of Zeno behavior. The global exponential stability is ensured through some energy estimates exploiting observability inequality. An illustrative example based on the one dimensional Schrödinger equation demonstrates the efficiency of the results.
Published: 2022

8. Drowsiness detection from polysomnographic data using multivariate selfsimilarity and eigen-wavelet analysis

Author: Lucas, Charles-Gérard, Abry, Patrice, Wendt, Herwig, Didier, Gustavo, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Tulane University, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CoMputational imagINg anD viSion (IRIT-MINDS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Heart Rate, Wavelet Analysis, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Electroencephalography, Sleep Stages, Sleep
Abstract: International audience; Because drowsiness is a major cause in vehicle accidents, its automated detection is critical. Scale-free temporal dynamics is known to be typical of physiological and body rhythms. The present work quantifies the benefits of applying a recent and original multivariate selfsimilarity analysis to several modalities of polysomnographic measurements (heart rate, blood pressure, electroencephalogram and respiration), from the MIT-BIH Polysomnographic Database, to better classify drowsiness-related sleep stages. Clinical relevance-This study shows that probing jointly temporal dynamics amongst polysomnographic measurements, with a proposed original multivariate multiscale approach, yields a gain of above 5% in the Area-under-Curve quantifying drowsiness-related sleep stage classification performance compared to univariate analysis.
Published: 2022

9. Yellow YAG: Ce3+ phosphor in polyimide matrix for white light generation by laser diode

Author: Dimitrios Kyrginas, Gerald Ledru, Damien Boyer, Genevieve Chadeyron, Benoit Glorieux, Georges Zissis, Lumière et Matière (LAPLACE-LM), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; Polyimide polymers are characterized by high heat resistance and thermal stability. In this work, two polyimide films of different thickness are used as the encapsulating matrix for a yellow YAG: Ce 3+ phosphor. The films are irradiated by a laser diode (LD) of 450 nm, down-converting the blue laser light into white light. The polymers underwent two aging processes, the first, under blue light from LEDs, and the second was laser irradiation. The effect of the aging process along with their colorimetric properties were investigated. The results showed that polyimide is a promising material for white light applications generated by laser diodes.
Published: 2022

10. Counting the Number of Different Scaling Exponents in Multivariate Scale-Free Dynamics: Clustering by Bootstrap in the Wavelet Domain

Author: Lucas, Charles-Gérard, Abry, Patrice, Wendt, Herwig, Didier, Gustavo, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CoMputational imagINg anD viSion (IRIT-MINDS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tulane University, IEEE Signal Processing Society, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-16-CE33-0020,MULTIFRACS,Théories et méthodes multifractales multivariées pour les systèmes de grande taille - Applications à l'analyse des propriétés d'invariance d'échelle dans la dynamique de l'activité cérébrale(2016), and ANR-18-CE45-0007,MUTATION,Analyse multifractale multidimensionnelle : Théorie et applications en imagerie échographique du cancer de pancréas(2018)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, multivariate wavelet transform, multivariate scaling exponents, multivariate selfsimilarity, bootstrap
Abstract: International audience; Multivariate selfsimilarity has become a classical tool to analyze collections of time series recorded jointly on one same system. Often, it amounts to estimating as many scaling exponents as time series. However, this leaves open the important question how many such scaling exponents are actually different. Elaborating on earlier work aiming to test the hypothesis that all exponents are equal, we intend here to count the number of different scaling exponents from a single finite size multivariate time series. To this end, we devise an original clustering procedure that combines a wavelet domain block multivariate bootstrap scheme with a test strategy for a reduced set of multiple hypotheses on the pairwise equality of scaling exponents that are relevant to clustering. Monte Carlo simulations, making use of synthetic multivariate selfsimilar processes, assess the relevance and performance of the proposed procedure under different scenarios and demonstrate that the proposed method yields practically satisfactory cluster number and size estimations.
Published: 2022

11. Towards Interpreting Deep Learning Models to Understand Loss of Speech Intelligibility in Speech Disorders Step 2: Contribution of the Emergence of Phonetic Traits

Author: Sondes Abderrazek, Corinne Fredouille, Alain Ghio, Muriel Lalain, Christine Meunier, Virginie Woisard, Laboratoire Informatique d'Avignon (LIA), Avignon Université (AU)-Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI, Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Laboratoire de NeuroPsychoLinguistique (LNPL), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), and ANR-18-CE45-0008,RUGBI,Recherche d'unités linguistiques pertinentes pour améliorer la mesure de l'intelligibilité de la parole altérée par des troubles de production pathologique(2018)
Subjects: Speech disorders, Deep learning, Interpretability, Phonetic traits, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Intelligibility, Head and Neck Cancer, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: International audience; Apart from the impressive performance it has achieved in several tasks, one of the most important factors remaining for the continuous progress of deep learning is the increased work related to interpretability, especially in a medical context. In a recent work, we presented competitive performance achieved with a CNN-based model trained on normal speech for the French phone classification and how it correlates well with different perceptual measures when exposed to disordered speech. This paper extends that work by focusing on interpretability. Here, the goal is to get insights into the way in which neural representations shape the final task of phone classification so that it can be used further to explain the loss of intelligibility in disordered speech. In this way, an original framework is proposed, relying firstly on the neural activity and a novel representation per neuron, here considering the phone classification, and, secondly, permitting to identify a set of neurons devoted to the detection of specific phonetic traits on normal speech. Faced to disordered speech, a degradation of that set of neurons is observed, demonstrating a loss of specific phonetic traits in some patients involved, and the potentiality of the proposed approaches to inform about speech alteration.
Published: 2022

12. Guiding Measurement Protocols of Connected Medical Devices Using Digital Twins: A Statistical Methodology Applied to Detecting and Monitoring Lymphedema

Author: Nicolas Savy, Vincent Dejouy, Zakaria Lalmiche, Issam Ibnouhsein, Philippe Saint Pierre, Karl Neuberger, Loic Bethencourt, Nicolas Bousquet, Sandrine Chereau, Walid Dabachine, Carole Mathelin, Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quantmetry [Paris] (The State of the Art AI company), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Les Hôptaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), CHU Strasbourg, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), This work was conducted within the public-private collaborative project Lymphomath, supported by the PEPS (Projet Exploratoire,Premier Soutien) project call ``Mathématiques des Objets Connectés' under the authority of the French AMIES Association (Agencepour les Mathématiques en Interaction avec les Entreprises et la Société), and with the means of Sorbonne Université., Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisations (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Bousquet, Nicolas
Subjects: General Computer Science, Computer science, Real-time computing, MESH: lymphedema, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 01 natural sciences, Signal, MESH: Breast Cancer, 010104 statistics & probability, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: connected device, design of experiments, digital twin, hardware-in-the-loop, measurement protocol, Monte Carlo, sensitivity analysis, simulation, stochastic inversion, uncertainty modeling, Robustness (computer science), digital twin, medicine, General Materials Science, Sensitivity (control systems), hardware-in-the-loop, 0101 mathematics, General Engineering, Axillary Lymph Node Dissection, Process (computing), connected device, lymphedema, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, design of experiments, Lymphedema, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Mobile device, lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract: This article describes the preparation of a clinical study on a connected medical device dedicated to facilitate the prevention of lymphedema for patients treated for breast cancer after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and to alert them of any manifestation or resurgence in order to prevent its aggravation. A simulator of the entire physical process called digital twin has been developed for this purpose, in a hardware-in-the-loop framework. Statistical calibration of its input parameters, by stochastic inversion and using sensitivity studies, led to establish one or more measurement protocols allowing to capture the signal on a mobile device (phone or tablet) and to detect signal breaks that are physically significant. The measured signal makes it possible to report quickly on the worsening of the patient’s condition and to warn the therapists within a very reasonable period of time. The general methodology of this work seems to us to be easily reproducible in the preparation of clinical studies of other types for connected devices, which aim to develop measurement protocols limiting the often significant cost of such studies. One of the immediate prospects of this work is the initiation of a clinical study on different patients who have been treated by surgery for breast cancer, after improving the robustness of the design of the prototype to take into account the uncertainties affecting the measurements.
Published: 2021

13. Performance Assessment of Optical Satellite-Based Operational Snow Cover Monitoring Algorithms in Forested Landscapes

Author: Arnab Muhuri, Tihomir S. Kostadinov, Simon Gascoin, Juan I. López-Moreno, Adrian A. Harpold, Lucas Menzel, Alba Sanmiguel-Vallelado, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), California State University [San Marcos] (CSUSM), University of Nevada [Reno], Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Canopy, Atmospheric Science, QC801-809, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, Fractional snow cover area (fSCA), Vegetation, operational snow cover monitoring, 15. Life on land, Snow, Solar irradiance, Vegetation cover, Ocean engineering, Environmental science, snow cover area (SCA), tree cover density (TCD), Cover (algebra), Satellite, Computers in Earth Sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Algorithm, TC1501-1800, Snow cover, lidar, normalized difference snow index (NDSI)
Abstract: Forest cover is a crucial factor that influences the performance of optical satellite-based snow cover monitoring algorithms. However, evaluation of such algorithms in forested landscapes is rare due to lack of reliable in situ data in such regions. In this investigation, we assessed the performance of the operational snow detection (SCA) and fractional snow cover estimation (FSC) algorithms employed by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service for High-Resolution Snow & Ice Monitoring (HRSI) with a combination of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-7/8 satellite scenes, lidar-based, and in situ datasets. These algorithms were evaluated over test sites located in the forested mountainous landscape of the Pyrenees in Spain and the Sierra Nevada in the USA. Over the Pyrenees site, the effectiveness of snow cover detection was evaluated with respect to a time-series of in situ snow depth measurements logged over test plots with different aspects, canopy cover, and solar irradiance. Over the Sierra Nevada site, the impact of ground vegetation was assessed over the under canopy fractional snow cover retrievals using airborne lidar-derived fractional vegetation cover information. The analyses over the Pyrenees indicated a good accuracy of snow detection with the exception of plots with either dense canopy cover or insufficient solar exposure (shaded forested slope), or both. The operational HRSI algorithm yielded similar performances (25–30% RMSE) as the computationally intensive spectral unmixing approach while retrieving the subcanopy ground FSC over the Sierra Nevada site. It was observed that a more accurate lidar-derived tree cover density map did not improve the subcanopy FSC retrievals.
Published: 2021

14. Plug-and-Play Quantum Adaptive Denoiser for Deconvolving Poisson Noisy Images

Author: Denis Kouame, Adrian Basarab, Sayantan Dutta, Bertrand Georgeot, CoMputational imagINg anD viSion (IRIT-MINDS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: General Computer Science, Computer science, 020209 energy, Noise reduction, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Poisson deconvolution, 02 engineering and technology, plug-and-play, quantum image processing, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Convergence (routing), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, General Materials Science, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Quantum, Image restoration, Noise measurement, Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), General Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, TK1-9971, Noise, adaptive denoiser, Embedding, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Deconvolution, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, quantum denoiser, ADMM, Algorithm
Abstract: A new Plug-and-Play (PnP) alternating direction of multipliers (ADMM) scheme is proposed in this paper, by embedding a recently introduced adaptive denoiser using the Schroedinger equation's solutions of quantum physics. The potential of the proposed model is studied for Poisson image deconvolution, which is a common problem occurring in number of imaging applications, such as limited photon acquisition or X-ray computed tomography. Numerical results show the efficiency and good adaptability of the proposed scheme compared to recent state-of-the-art techniques, for both high and low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios. This performance gain regardless of the amount of noise affecting the observations is explained by the flexibility of the embedded quantum denoiser constructed without anticipating any prior statistics about the noise, which is one of the main advantages of this method. The main novelty of this work resided in the integration of a modified quantum denoiser into the PnP-ADMM framework and the numerical proof of convergence of the resulting algorithm., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures; complements and expands arXiv:2010.09321
Published: 2021

15. Dynamic Retrieval of Olive Tree Properties Using Bayesian Model and Sentinel-2 Images

Author: Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry, Jean-Louis Roujean, Abdelaziz Kallel, Hana Abdelmoula, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Bayesian inference, 01 natural sciences, Regularization (mathematics), symbols.namesake, Atmospheric radiative transfer codes, [SDV.SA.STA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of agriculture, Radiative transfer, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), Computers in Earth Sciences, Leaf area index, TC1501-1800, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Mathematics, Pixel, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, QC801-809, olive trees, Markov chain Monte Carlo, Biophysical properties, Olive trees, Ocean engineering, planet, symbols, time series, Sentinel-2, discrete anisotropic radiative transfer (DART), [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; The goal of this study is to provide a fine detection and monitoring of olive orchard trees over large areas to anticipate any damage. We developed an original method to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of biophysical parameters in the olive orchards using satellite observations and radiative transfer models. Sentinel-2 time-series data collected over a four-year period were fused with Planet images from the same time period to enhance the temporal trends in olive orchards in the Sfax region located in southern Tunisia. These images also served to extract soil spectrum variations required by the 3-D discrete anisotropic radiative transfer model to account for canopy background effect. As a backward model, we developed an original technique based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo method that has the advantage of being able to model sensor noise and account for spatial and temporal regularization. It allows retrieving key parameters such as leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, water content, and mesophyll structure. Taking advantage of 1) the Sentinel-2 images downscaled to a moderate resolution of 80 m to ensure representative pixels of the local mixing (i.e., trees and soil); 2) the appropriate soil signature derived from high spatial and spectral resolution image; and 3) the accuracy of the direct and inverse modeling, it was possible to retrieve the plant properties even when LAI values are less than 0.14. Indeed, our inversion results show that the estimated parameters are strongly correlated especially with the LAI field measurements with R 2 = 0.9937. Index Terms-Biophysical properties, discrete anisotropic radiative transfer (DART), Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), olive trees, planet, Sentinel-2, time series.
Published: 2021

16. A New Reflectivity Index for the Retrieval of Surface Soil Moisture From Radar Data

Author: Jérôme Demarty, Nicolas Baghdadi, Sekhar Muddu, Myriam Foucras, Mehrez Zribi, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indian Institute of Science, European Space Agency, French National Centre for Space Studies (TAPAS TOSCA program), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, index of surface soil moisture, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Surface finish, 01 natural sciences, Signal, law.invention, index of surface soil moisture (ISSM), law, Computers in Earth Sciences, Radar, Water content, Image resolution, TC1501-1800, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Mathematics, Moisture, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, QC801-809, index of reflectivity (IR), Fresnel equations, surface soil moisture, surface soil moisture (SSM), Ocean engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Change detection, Sentinel-1, index of reflectivity, radar
Abstract: International audience; A new approach based on the change detection technique is proposed for the estimation of surface soil moisture (SSM) from a time series of radar measurements. A new index of reflectivity (IR) is defined that uses radar signals and Fresnel coefficients. This index is equal to 0 in the case of the smallest value of the Fresnel coefficient, corresponding to the driest conditions and the weakest radar signal, and is equal to 1 for the highest value of the Fresnel coefficient, corresponding to the wettest soil conditions and the strongest radar signal. The Integrated Equation Model (IEM) is used to simulate the behavior of radar signals as a function of soil moisture and roughness. This approach validates the greater usefulness of the IR compared with that of the commonly used index of SSM (ISSM), which assumes that the SSM varies linearly as a function of radar signal strength. The IR-based approach was tested using Sentinel-1 radar data recorded over three regions: Banizombou (Niger), Merguellil (Tunisia), and Occitania (France). The IR approach was found to perform better for the estimation of SSM than the ISSM approach based on comparisons with ground measurements over bare soils.
Published: 2021

17. Quantum Denoising-Based Super-Resolution Algorithm Applied to Dental Tomography Images

Author: Dutta, Sayantan, Nwigbo, Kenule Tuador, Michetti, Jérôme, Pham, Duong-Hung, Georgeot, Bertrand, Basarab, Adrian, Kouamé, Denis, CoMputational imagINg anD viSion (IRIT-MINDS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique (LPT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PHAM, Duong-Hung
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Plug-and-Play, Super-Resolution, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [MATH.MATH-FA] Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA], ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Quantum denoiser, Quantum many-body interaction, Regularization by denoising, Quantum Image Processing, [MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, ADMM
Abstract: International audience; Enhancing the spatial resolution of an image is an important field of research in a number of applications including medical ones. In this paper, we address the super-resolution (SR) problem exploiting a newly introduced adaptive quantum denoiser which is based on quantum interaction theory applied in an imaging context. In particular, following recent developments, we impose this external denoiser as a prior function within the Plug-and-Play (PnP) and Regularization by Denoising (RED) approaches. This quantum denoiser combined with, on the one hand, a computationally efficient way of handing both decimation and blur operators, and on the other hand PnP and RED schemes, shows an original way of solving the SR problems. Dental computed tomography images are used to illustrate the potential of the proposed algorithms for high-resolution image retrieval. Numerical experiments show that the proposed methods provide comparable or slightly better results than existing methods.
Published: 2022

18. Modelling daily Dissolved Oxygen Dynamics in the Sebou River (Morocco): Data-Centric Approaches

Author: Haida, Souad, Ablat, Saad, Sibari, Hayat, El Mrissani, Sara, Brouziyne, Youssef, Lamine, Hanaa, Probst, Jean, Probst, Anne, Misane, Laila, Université Ibn Tofaïl (UIT), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Machine-learning techniques, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Water monitoring, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Sebou River, Dissolved oxygen, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Daily fluctuations, Sine equation, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: International audience; Dissolved oxygen is one of the parameters of river water quality for which the accurate estimation is critical and of significant importance for many environmental applications. The continuous monitoring at high frequency (1 hour) of the water quality of the Sebou at the Mechra Bel Ksiri gauging station began in June 2020 using a multiparameter probe YSI (EXO2) and sensors. Real-time water quality data were collected in the Sebou River for Dissolved Oxygen, pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, chlorides, and nitrates. Water level measurements were recorded at the same frequency by the radar. In this study, the high-frequency measurement highlights nycthemeral cycles at the day scale. A sine function model and three machine learning techniques: XGB Regressor, Random Forest Regressor, and Linear Regression, were used to develop data-driven models using temperature, nitrate levels, pH, and electrical conductivity to reproduce the daily fluctuations of dissolved oxygen. Each machine learning model was calibrated for each input scenario using 80% of the data obtained between June and November 2020 and validated using the remaining 20%. The evaluation simulations quality included the calculation of the error indices between simulations and observations (MAE and RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R²). The prediction based on the three machine learning techniques gave good results for XGB Regressor, Linear Regression, and Random Forest Regressor with R 2 values of 0.93, 0.89, and 0.88, respectively, while the sine function was slightly over-predicting the daily cycle of dissolved oxygen (R² =0.80) and indicated a relatively high saturation rate. The error indices were very low, with MAE and RMSE ranging in 0.05-0.06 and 0.06-0.08 respectively, which suggests satisfactory models performance.
Published: 2022

19. Transient Electric Field Shaping With the Linear Combination of Configuration Field Method for Enhanced Spatial Control of Microwave Plasmas

Author: Laurent Liard, Ali Al Ibrahim, Simon Dap, Romain Pascaud, Pierre Bonnet, Cédric Chauvière, Olivier Pascal, Richard Clergereaux, Valentin Mazieres, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Sciences et Ingénierie des Plasmas Réactifs et des Arcs (LAPLACE-ScIPRA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Groupe de Recherche Energétique, Plasmas et Hors Equilibre (LAPLACE-GREPHE), Groupe de Recherche en Electromagnétisme (LAPLACE-GRE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ISAE-SUPAERO, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Clermont Auvergne - UCA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), SIGMA Clermont (FRANCE), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Materials science, General Computer Science, Field (physics), Microwave plasma sources, transient field shaping, Time reversal, time reversal, 02 engineering and technology, Reverberation chamber, 01 natural sciences, Signal, reverberation chamber, Optics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Traitement du signal et de l'image, Waveform, inverse source problem, General Materials Science, Transient field shaping, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, Inverse source problem, General Engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Plasma, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Transient (oscillation), lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, business, lcsh:TK1-9971, Microwave, Electromagnetic reverberation chamber
Abstract: International audience; The demonstration of enhanced spatial control of nanosecond microwave plasmas generated by the time reversal plasma source is presented in this paper. This new microwave plasma source relies on the spatio-temporal control of the electric field inside an all-metal plasma reactor by modifying the waveform of a high power microwave signal. More specifically, it originally used the spatio-temporal focusing capabilities of the time reversal method to focus a high electric field in a small location. However, a parasitic microwave breakdown can still occur at sharp corners or wedges inside the cavity due to the local enhancement of the residual electric field during time reversal focusing. Thus, it is proposed to use the linear combination of configuration field method to improve field control inside the reactor. Its transient electric field shaping capabilities turn out to be a good candidate for the development of a low pressure microwave "plasma brush".
Published: 2020

20. A New Direct Sun Correction Algorithm for the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity Space Mission

Author: Ali Khazaal, Francois Cabot, Eric Anterrieu, Yann H. Kerr, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNES through the project TOSCA, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, inverse problems, QC801-809, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Physics::Geophysics, regularization, Ocean engineering, solar radiations, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Constrained optimization, TC1501-1800
Abstract: International audience; The interferometric measurements provided by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite are contaminated by solar radiations due to a quasi-permanent presence of the Sun in the field of view of the instrument. A correction algorithm is developed and implemented in the SMOS image reconstruction processor to remove the contribution of these radiations. Since the Sun is seen under an angle much smaller than the angular resolution of SMOS, this algorithm assimilates the Sun disc to a single source located at its center. However, strong residuals persist in the retrieved images mainly due to the presence of different distributed smaller sources of brightness in the Sun disc. Thus, the performance of the algorithm degrades rapidly as soon as the dominant source is far from the center of the disc. This behavior shows the limitation of the algorithm and its strong dependencies to the position of the Sun. In this article, we propose two other algorithms to account for the solar radiations. The first one is an iterative optimization algorithm based on estimating the position of the dominant source of brightness inside the Sun disc. The second algorithm is based on estimating the contribution of the different sources of brightness within the Sun disc using an oversampled grid by solving a constrained least square optimization problem with an explicit solution.
Published: 2020

21. Error Bounds for Locally Optimal Distributed Filters with Random Communication Graphs

Author: Aneel Tanwani, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-20-JSTM-0001,CyphAI,Méthodes formelles pour l'analysis et le développement de systèmes cyber-physiques intégrant l'intelligence artificielle(2020), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Stochastic hybrid system, distributed filtering, graph theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], random communication, [INFO.INFO-SY]Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]
Abstract: International audience; We consider the problem of analyzing the performance of distributed filters for continuous-time linear stochastic systems under certain information constraints. We associate an undirected and connected graph with the measurements of the system, where the nodes have access to partial measurements in continuous time. Each node executes a locally optimally filter based on the available measurements. In addition, a node communicates its estimate to a neighbor at some randomly drawn discrete time instants, and these activation times of the graph edges are governed by independent Poisson counters. When a node gets some information from its neighbor, it resets its state using a convex combination of the available information. Consequently, each node implements a filtering algorithm in the form of a stochastic hybrid system. We derive bounds on expected value of error covariance for each node, and show that they converge to a common value for each node if the mean sampling rates for communication between nodes are large enough.
Published: 2021

22. Polynomial superlevel set approximation of swept-volume for computing collision probability in space encounters

Author: Arzelier, Denis, Bréhard, Florent, Joldeş, Mioara, Lasserre, Jean-Bernard, Laurens, Sohie, Rondepierre, Aude, Équipe Recherche Opérationnelle, Optimisation Combinatoire et Contraintes (LAAS-ROC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), R&T : 23SST2018-20-EU-SST WP7, IEEE, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and ANR-20-CE48-0014,NuSCAP,Sûreté numérique pour les preuves assistées par ordinateur(2020)
Subjects: union of semi-algebraic sets, orbital collision probability, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, polynomial optimization, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], semidefinite programming, Gaussian integration
Abstract: International audience; Computing long-term collision probability in space encounters is usually based on integration of a multivariate Gaussian distribution over the volume of initial conditions which generate collisions in the considered time interval. As this collision set is very difficult to determine analytically, for practical computation various simplifications are made in the literature. We present a new method for computing the collision probability based on two steps. Firstly, a higher-order outer-approximation of the swept-volume by a polynomial superlevel set is obtained as an optimal solution of a polynomial optimization problem. This has the advantage of providing approximate closed-form descriptions of the collision-prone states which can then be effectively used for long-term and repeated conjunctions analysis. From a computational viewpoint, one has to solve a hierarchy of linear matrix inequality problems of increasing size, which provide approximations (i) of increasing accuracy and (ii) convergent in volume to the original set. Secondly, once such a polynomial representation is computed, a high-order quadrature scheme for volumes implicitly defined by a polynomial superlevel sets is employed. Finally, the method is illustrated on some numerical examples borrowed from the literature.
Published: 2021

23. A Hybrid Distributed Strategy for Robust Global Phase Synchronization of Second-Order Kuramoto Oscillators

Author: Alessandro Bosso, Ilario A. Azzollini, Simone Baldi, Luca Zaccarian, Bosso, Alessandro, Azzollini, Ilario A., Baldi, Simone, Zaccarian, Luca, Department of electrical, electronic and information engineering 'GUGLIELMO MARCONI' [Bologna] (DEI), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Nanjing Southeast University, Delft Center for Systems and Control [Delft] (DCSC), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, S. Baldi was partly supported by the Double Innovation Plan Grant 4207012004 and the Special Funding for Overseas talents Grant 6207011901., ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018), Nanjing Southeast University (SEU), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Distributed control, [INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [INFO.INFO-SY]Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY], Kuramoto Oscillator, Hybrid Control, Robustness
Abstract: International audience; This work proposes a distributed control strategy for the robust global leader-follower phase synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators with inertia. For a convenient design, the phase angles are represented as elements of the unit circle. In particular, we exploit a "half-angle" representation inspired by unit quaternions. The ensuing non-Euclidean state space poses some challenges for robust global stabilization, which can be conveniently overcome with dynamic hybrid feedback. For this reason, we propose a hybrid solution obtained by combining a distributed observer with local hysteresis-based tracking controllers. The overall closed-loop system is analyzed through reduction theorems and Lyapunov-based arguments.
Published: 2021

24. Interval Observer-Based Active Fault Tolerant Control for an Intensified Heat Exchanger/Reactor

Author: Xue Han, Rim Rammal, Zetao Li, Michel Cabassud, Boutaib Dahhou, Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Guizhou University (GZU), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and ANR-19-CE10-0007,ASPI,Automatisation et Supervision de Procédés Intensifiés(2019)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract: International audience; The intensified heat exchanger/reactor systems, which combine the heat transfer and chemical reactions in one unit, became very popular and interesting in the chemical engineering field. However, to ensure the safety and maintain the performance of these systems, supervision, diagnosis, and fault tolerant control are highly demanded. In this paper, a fault tolerant control system, based on a bank of interval observers with a backstepping-based control law, is employed in a new intensified heat exchanger/reactor, in order to detect, isolate and recover all possible dynamic faults.
Published: 2021

25. Fault detection using Upper Bound Interval Kalman Filter for unmaned aerial vehicle

Author: Jauberthie, Carine, Fergani, Soheib, Saulnier, Emelyne, Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Autonomous aerial vehicles, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Computer Science::Robotics, Computer Science::Systems and Control, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Robustness, Fault detection, Estimation, Real-time systems, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Upper bound, Simulation, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract: International audience; This paper deals with dynamics estimation and fault detection of unmaned aerial vehicles (uav) using the Upper Bound Interval Kalman Filter (UBIKF). An upper bound for all positive semi-definite matrices included in an interval matrix is calculated. This upper bound is used to generate envelopes for the variables to be estimated which are the dynamics of the UAV. It allows to provide a guaranteed estimation envelope for the considered dynamics. Then, the fault detection scheme is used based on a χ2 test. The faults concern sensors and actuators. Simulations on a discrete uncertain UAV model highlight the efficiency of the proposed filter for both UAV dynamics estimation and fault detection.
Published: 2021

26. Thermal Valorization of the LED by a Thermoelectric Generator

Author: Ahlem Ben Halima, Z. Araoud, Georges Zissis, Laurent Canale, Kamel Charrada, École Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Monastir (ENIM), Unité d’Éude des Milieux Ionisés et Réactifs [Monastir] (EMIR), Institut Préparatoire aux Etudes d'Ingénieurs de Monastir (IPEIM), Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM)-Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM), Lumière et Matière (LAPLACE-LM), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, business.industry, Energy consumption, computer.software_genre, 7. Clean energy, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Simulation software, Thermoelectric generator, Heat flux, Thermal, Thermoelectric effect, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Process engineering, business, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Efficient energy use
Abstract: Reducing energy consumption in all areas is an ecological and economic necessity. The energy losses are manifested in most cases by a release of heat which reduces the energy efficiency of the system. The recovery of these thermal losses, if they are in sufficient quantity, can be a solution to reduce the overall energy consumption of the system and increase its efficiency. The goal of this work is to explore a way to enhance the thermal flux dissipated by High Power LEDs to produce light through thermoelectric conversion by Peltier modules. This preliminary study appears to present a fairly promising method of producing light through the production of thermoelectric energy.The study was implemented by performing 3D thermal simulations using COMSOL™ simulation software.
Published: 2021

27. A General Control Architecture for Visual Servoing and Physical Interaction Tasks for Fully-actuated Aerial Vehicles

Author: Antonio Franchi, A. E. Jimenez-Cano, Martin Jacquet, Daniel Sidobre, Amr Afifi, Gianluca Corsini, Équipe Robotique et InteractionS (LAAS-RIS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science [Twente] (EEMCS), University of Twente [Netherlands], ANR-18-CE33-0001,The_flying_coworker,L'équipier volant(2018), ANR-17-CE33-0007,MUROPHEN,Controle de systèmes multi-robots pour l'observation de phenomenes dynamiques(2017), European Project: 871479,H2020 AERIAL-CORE, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and University of Twente
Subjects: pick-and-place, Observer (quantum physics), Computer science, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Aerial physical interaction, Control engineering, Robot end effector, Visual servoing, law.invention, Visualization, fully-actuated UAVs, law, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Robot, SMT placement equipment, Torque sensor, Wrench
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we present a general control architecture that allows fully-actuated aerial robots to autonomously accomplish tasks that require both perception and physical interaction with the external environment. We integrate the novel Flying End-Effector paradigm and a Hybrid Visual Servoing (HVS) scheme to design a general control architecture for fully-actuated aerial robots. Thanks to the proposed solution, a fully-actuated aerial robot can autonomously accomplish tasks that require both perception and physical interaction without resorting to any external force/torque sensor. The control architecture is entirely described, features a wrench observer and an admittance filter, and is subsequently validated on real experiments. The code for the proposed control architecture is provided open-source.
Published: 2021

28. Design and Analysis of Transparent and Non-Transparent Antennas Integrated in OLEDs at 3.5 GHz Band for 5G Applications

Author: Mustapha El Halaoui, Georges Zissis, Laurent Canale, Adel Asselman, Lumière et Matière (LAPLACE-LM), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Optical transparency, Substrate (electronics), Radiation, 7. Clean energy, Mesh geometry, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, OLED, Optoelectronics, Antenna (radio), business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 5G, Diode
Abstract: In this article, an optically transparent antenna, integrated in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), is proposed for sub-6 GHz 5G applications. The concept of the mesh geometry is applied to obtain high optical transparency. To validate this technique, the transparent antenna is compared with the non-transparent in terms of electrical, optical and radiation parameters. These antennas are designed on a transparent glass substrate with dimensions of 30 × 35 mm2 and using copper films. The two antennas cover the 3.5 GHz band for 5G applications. The peak gain of the transparent antenna integrated in OLEDs light sources is 5.53 dB at 3.57 GHz. The gain value, improved after the integration, can be justified by the effect of OLEDs layers.
Published: 2021

29. Evaluation of Blue-Blocking Lenses Effects on the Melatonin Production level

Author: Georges Zissis, Adel Asselman, Oussama Ben Abdellah, Pascal Dupuis, Laurent Canale, Bousselham Samoudi, Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lumière et Matière (LAPLACE-LM), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Melanopsin, Artificial light, business.industry, Blocking (radio), eye diseases, Melatonin, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pupillary reflex, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optometry, Medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human eye, sense organs, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Blue light, medicine.drug
Abstract: Blue light has proven its impact on melatonin concentration levels, the circadian rythm disruption, body temperature, pupillary reflex and fastening the AMD (Age-related macular degeneration). Humans dialy routine has recently been compromised by the extreme utilization of LED screens (TV, smartphone, computer) that emit a considerable quantity of blue light. Therefore, researchers carried out experimental studies to evaluate the possible impact, both positive and negative of blue light, and prescribed some limitations regarding the safety of the utilization of artificial light sources and LED screens. Recently, transparent blue blocking lenses started being massively recommended for everyday use for the purpose of attenuating the negative effects of blue LEDs. Hence in this study, different lenses were tested using a Minolta CS-1000 spectroradiometer and three different light sources in order to evaluate their impact on the photometric and the colorimetric parameters of light perceived by the human eye, and their possible melatonin-production-schedule and retinal protection. Results indicate that the studied blue blocking lenses may add a minor or an insignificant protection to the wearers for the reason that devices software provide a sufficient protection for the retina and for the melanopsin photoreceptor.
Published: 2021

30. Common Mode and Differential Mode noise of AC/DC LED Driver

Author: Abdelhakim Zeghoudi, Amar Tilmatine, Abdelber Bendaoud, Helima Slimani, Laurent Canale, Applications of Plasma, Electrostatics and Electromagnetic Compatibility (APELEC), Université Djilali Liabès [Sidi-Bel-Abbès], Lumière et Matière (LAPLACE-LM), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Ibn Khaldoun de Tiaret = University of Tiaret, and This research is part of the PHC 'MAGHREB' (Programme Hubert Curien n°43981ZG) MELINA (Mastering Efficient Lighting In North Africa) granted to Laurent Canale and funded via Campus France by the French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs and Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
Subjects: AC/DC PFC, Computer science, Driver, Topology (electrical circuits), Power factor, 7. Clean energy, Electromagnetic interference, Common Mode, Interference (communication), LISN, EMI, EMC, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Common-mode signal, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, business.industry, LED, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Electromagnetic compatibility, Line (electrical engineering), Differential Mode, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, business
Abstract: International audience; Electromagnetic interference (EMI) represents one of the biggest problems facing the production of any electronic device. The impact on the performance of the device caused such unwanted interference must be carefully measured to understand and quantify the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the instrument under test. The electrical power conversions are among the sources of electromagnetic pollution, they provide a low power factor and generate electromagnetic interference (EMI). The white light emitting diode (LED) has attracted a lot of attention from industry and scientific researchers due to its high efficiency, easy of driving, and long life. Nevertheless, LED driver can interfere with the electronic device system due to rapid voltage variation and current. In this paper we simulate some LED driver topology on LTspice software in order to measure the electromagnetic disturbances using LISN (line impedance stabilizer network) device.
Published: 2021

31. Non-invasive real time monitoring of cellular modifications with microwave dielectric spectroscopy at the single cell level

Author: David Dubuc, W. Chen, Katia Grenier, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Materials science, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Cellular level, Dielectric spectroscopy, Trap (computing), [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Proof of concept, Nondestructive testing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, business, Spectroscopy, Microwave
Abstract: International audience; Microwave dielectric spectroscopy constitutes an attractive sensing technique for cellular analysis. One key feature is its ability to non-invasively and dielectrically monitor cellular modifications at the single cell level. The proposed microwave sensor dedicated to single cell measurement includes a mechanical trap, which permits to apply on individual cells whatever liquid-based environment. The dielectric consequences on the cell due to the application of saponine at 0.02% is recorded every two minutes, demonstrating the possibility to reach dielectric transformation kinetic of cells. This proof of concept opens the door to the non-invasive and nondestructive evaluation of biological reactions at the cellular level.
Published: 2021

32. Performing manufacturing tasks with a mobile manipulator: from motion planning to sensor based motion control

Author: Florent Lamiraux, Joseph Mirabel, Sébastien Boria, Olivier Stasse, Alexis Nicolin, Thuc Long Ha, Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Computer science, Mobile manipulator, business.industry, Location awareness, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Motion control, computer.software_genre, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Control theory, Trajectory, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Robot, Computer vision, 030212 general & internal medicine, Motion planning, Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract: International audience; We present a framework combining mobile ma-nipulation planning and sensor based motion control. Theresult of manipulation planning is a reference robot trajectorycomposed of segments. For each segment, a hierarchical taskbased controller is automatically built. Some of the segmentscorrespond to motions where some parts of the robot and ofthe environment are known to be close to each other. Thecorresponding controller implements a task of relative posebetween these elements. The task error is measured by visionsensors using AprilTags. The higher priority of this task withrespect to the reference joint trajectory greatly improves theaccuracy of the task affected by the poor accuracy of the robotbase localization and other sources of error.
Published: 2021

33. The Director Task: a Psychology-Inspired Task to Assess Cognitive and Interactive Robot Architectures

Author: Amandine Mayima, Guillaume Sarthou, Aurélie Clodic, Guilhem Buisan, Kathleen Belhassein, Équipe Robotique et InteractionS (LAAS-RIS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), ANR-16-CE33-0017,JointAction4HRI,Action Jointe pour l'Interaction Humain Robot(2016), ANR-19-P3IA-0004,ANITI,Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute(2019), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: Knowledge representation and reasoning, Human–computer interaction, Task analysis, Robot, Cognition, Cognitive robotics, Psychology, Behavior-based robotics, Human–robot interaction, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Task (project management)
Abstract: International audience; Assessing robotic architecture for Human-Robot Interaction can be challenging due to the number of features a robot has to endow to perform an acceptable interaction. While everyday-inspired tasks are interesting as reflecting a realistic use of such robots, they often contain a lot of unknown and uncontrolled conditions and specific robot behavior can be hard to test. In this paper, we propose a new psychology-inspired task, gathering perspective-taking, planning, knowledge representation with theory of mind, manipulation, and communication. Along with a precise description of the task allowing its replication, we present a cognitive robot architecture able to perform it in its nominal cases. We finally suggest some challenges and evaluations for the Human-Robot Interaction research community, all derived from this easy-to-replicate task.
Published: 2021

34. Detecting Irrigation Events Using Sentinel-1 Data

Author: Hassan Bazzi, Nicolas Baghdadi, Valérie Demarez, Hatem Belhouchette, Ibrahim Fayad, Mehrez Zribi, Yann Pageot, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Irrigation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, law.invention, law, Radar, Water content, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Hydrology, Change Detection, Irrigation Events, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, Water resources, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sentinel-1, Environmental science, Near real-time, Scale (map), Change detection
Abstract: International audience; Better management of water consumption in irrigated agriculture is essential in order to save water resources. The objective of this study is to propose a new model capable of detecting the irrigation events using the Sentinel-1 (S1) Cband SAR (synthetic-aperture radar) in a near real-time approach. The proposed irrigation detection model relies on the change detection in the S1 backscattering coefficients at plot scale. A tree-based approach has been constructed to detect irrigation events by studying the behavior of the S1 backscattering coefficients following irrigation events at plot scale over three study sites located in Montpellier (southeast France), Tarbes (southwest France) and Catalonia (northeast Spain). Auxiliary data such as the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the soil moisture estimations were integrated as additional filters to reduce ambiguities related to vegetation growth and surface roughness. The results shows that the proposed model was capable of detecting 84% of the irrigation events over Montpellier. Over Catalonia site, 90.2% of the non-irrigated plots had no detected irrigation events whereas 72.4% of the irrigated plots had one and more detected irrigation events. In Tarbes, the analysis shows that irrigation events could still be detected even in the presence of abundant rainfall events during the summer season.
Published: 2021

35. InjectaBLE: Injecting malicious traffic into established Bluetooth Low Energy connections

Author: Geraldine Marconato, Romain Cayre, Mohamed Kaaniche, Vincent Nicomette, Guillaume Auriol, Florent Galtier, APSYS (Blagnac), Équipe Tolérance aux fautes et Sûreté de Fonctionnement informatique (LAAS-TSF), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: IoT, hijacking, computer.internet_protocol, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Man-in-the-middle attack, Computer security, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Protocol (object-oriented programming), Implementation, Vulnerability (computing), Bluetooth Low Energy, business.industry, Offensive, Man-in-the-Middle, 020206 networking & telecommunications, injection, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Internet of Things, computer
Abstract: International audience; Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is nowadays one of the most popular wireless communication protocols for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. As a result, several attacks have targeted this protocol or its implementations in recent years, illustrating the growing interest for this technology. However, some major challenges remain from an offensive perspective, such as injecting arbitrary frames, hijacking the Slave role or performing a Man-in-The-Middle in an already established connection. In this paper, we describe a novel attack called InjectaBLE, allowing to inject malicious traffic into an existing connection. This attack is highly critical as the vulnerability exploited is inherent to the BLE specification itself, which means that any BLE connection can be possibly vulnerable, regardless of the BLE devices involved in the connection. We describe the theoretical foundations of the attack, how to implement it in practice, and we explore four critical attack scenarios allowing to maliciously trigger a specific feature of the target device, hijack the Slave and Master role or to perform a Man-in-the-Middle attack. Finally, we discuss the impact of this attack and outline some mitigation measures.
Published: 2021

36. Feasibility of Standalone TDoA-based Localization Using LoRaWAN

Author: Deeksha Devendra, Ruthwik Muppala, Aftab M. Hussain, Eustachio Roberto Matera, Nicola Accettura, Abhinav Navnit, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad [Hyderabad] (IIIT-H), ABBIA GNSS Technologies, Équipe Services et Architectures pour Réseaux Avancés (LAAS-SARA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: IoT, Computer science, Real-time computing, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Synchronization, law.invention, Bluetooth, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], TDoA, GNSSfree, law, Angle of arrival, Server, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Node (networking), 010401 analytical chemistry, Location awareness, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Multilateration, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, LoRaWAN, 0104 chemical sciences, GNSS applications, Localization, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], computer
Abstract: International audience; The growing need for localization has created an array of alternative approaches to GNSS, based on Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ultra-Wideband, etc. Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one such technology that has garnered tremendous attention due to its low power and long-range capabilities. Many attempts to achieve localization using LoRaWAN have been made till now, based on a variety of techniques such as Angle of Arrival (AoA), Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA), Received Signal Strength Index (RSSI). In this paper, we present a novel, standalone localization approach by developing a collaborative, TDoA-based methodology using LoRaWAN. The server determines the target node location by means of TDoA measurements from the target node to the gateways. The introduction of an additional stationary node allows the synchronization of the gateways without utilizing GNSS, either inbuilt or external. The cooperation between target node, synchronization node and server, is the innovative feature which makes this approach attractive for GNSS-free localization. Further, we explore the effects of timing resolution, time-on-air, and duty cycle constraints on the localization error. Finally, the distribution of error in a triangle of gateways situated approximately 8.6 kilometers apart is simulated in ideal Line of Sight (LoS) conditions, showing the maximum error to be around 23 meters.
Published: 2021

37. Visual interpretation of CNN decision-making process using Simulated Brain MRI

Author: Giulia Maria Mattia, Patrice Péran, Xavier Franceries, Edouard Villain, Marie Véronique Le Lann, Federico Nemmi, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Visual interpretation, Process (computing), Pattern recognition, Convolutional neural network, Visualization, visual interpretation, Data visualization, Dimension (vector space), Brain MRI, Position (vector), [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Artificial intelligence, Decision-making, simulated dataset, business, CNN
Abstract: International audience; Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are being extensively used to analyze medical images given the remarkable performances achieved so far. Due to the non-transparent decision-making process, CNNs are thought to be black boxes, so hindering their applicability. We submit a novel visualization technique to shed light on CNNs decisions in a classification task. Brain magnetic resonance images are fed as input to an original 3D CNN to allow discrimination of normal against modified brain data. This modification targets specific brain regions by linearly increasing their intensity, and involves regions with very different features in dimension, position, and enclosed tissues. The proposed visualization method merges all convolutional layers output in order to highlight where the model is “looking” during the decision-making process. Our visualizations allow to recover the same areas modified in the images, thus proving they are relevant to the prediction as expected. Comparing results from models with different accuracy, show that even in the case of low performance the expected regions are present in the activation maps leading the way to ameliorations of the CNN architecture.
Published: 2021

38. A Fault Tolerant Control Architecture Based on Fault Trees for an Underwater Robot Executing Transect Missions

Author: Karen Godary-Dejean, Adrien Hereau, Didier Crestani, Jérémie Guiochet, Robotique mobile pour l'exploration de l'environnement (EXPLORE), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Équipe Tolérance aux fautes et Sûreté de Fonctionnement informatique (LAAS-TSF), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Fault tree analysis, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, business.industry, Reliability (computer networking), Real-time computing, Location awareness, Fault tolerance, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Software, Architecture, business, computer, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: International audience; Robotic systems evolving in hazardous and harsh environment are prone to mission failure or system loss in presence of faults. This paper presents a fault tolerant methodology, implemented into a control architecture of an underwater robot that executes biological monitoring missions. High level constraint violations (mission, safety, energy, time and localization) and low level faults (software and hardware faults) are considered using a method based on fault trees. These undesirable events are detected and treated by a fault tolerant module that decides to recover at low level or to give a feedback to the mission manager which selects the high level reaction. This fault tolerant architecture has been tested on real field conditions, and we illustrate our methodology on a set of selected events. We conclude about reliability improvement of low cost underwater robots for complex and long missions.
Published: 2021

39. A Hybrid Collision Model for Safety Collision Control

Author: Thomas Flayols, T. Noel, Justin Carpentier, Joseph Mirabel, Nicolas Mansard, Équipe Mouvement des Systèmes Anthropomorphes (LAAS-GEPETTO), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Models of visual object recognition and scene understanding (WILLOW), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), European Project: 780684,H2020,MEMMO(2018), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Département d'informatique - ENS Paris (DI-ENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Département d'informatique de l'École normale supérieure (DI-ENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Forward kinematics, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Collision, Robot control, Computer Science::Robotics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, Trajectory, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Torque, Robot, Motion planning
Abstract: International audience; Self-collision detection and avoidance are essential for reactive control, in particular for dynamics robots equipped with legs or arms. Yet, only few control methods are able to handle such constraints, and it is often necessary to rely on path planning to define a collision-free trajectory that the controller would then track. In this paper, we introduce a combination of two lightweight, conservative and smooth models to generically handle self-collisions in robot control. For pairs of bodies that are far from one another on average (e.g. segments of distinct legs), we rely on a standard forward kinematics approach, using simplified geometries for which we provide analytical derivatives. For bodies that are moving close to one another, we propose to use a data-driven approach, with datasets generated thanks to a standard collision library. We then build a simple torque-based controller that can be implemented on top of any control law to prevent unexpected self-collision. This controller is meant to be implemented as a low-level protection, directly on the robot hardware. We also provide an open-source library to generate ANSI-C code for any robot model, experimented on the real quadruped Solo.
Published: 2021

40. High Voltage IGCTs for HVDC Converter-Stations

Author: Sebastien Sanchez, Davin Guedon, Philippe Ladoux, Sebastien Cornet, Convertisseurs Statiques (LAPLACE-CS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, EDF (EDF), and Institut Catholique d'Arts et Métiers (ICAM)
Subjects: HVDC converter, Interconnection, Ideal (set theory), business.industry, Computer science, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), Thyristor, High voltage, Modular design, Converters, 7. Clean energy, High- voltage direct-current (HVDC), Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor (IGCT), business, Voltage
Abstract: International audience; The generalized expansion of HVDC systems for applications such as interconnection between countriesand renewable energies is unquestionable. The performances and the efﬁciency of these links are crucial issues as they can transmit several TWh per year, while they are supposed to remain in operation during decades. Withthe broader use of modular multilevel converters, a huge quantity of semiconductor devices is used in the converter- stations, which may increase assembly complexity. This article deals with the use of devices with higher voltagesratings to keep the number of levels reasonable regarding the design constraints. Focusing on Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors (IGCTs), this paper shows that 9 kV and 6.5 kV IGCTs exhibit excellent performancescompared to 4.5 kV devices and that they would be ideal for future +/- 640 kV / 1 GW symmetric monopole HVDC links.
Published: 2021

41. Diffraction Tomography From Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy: Numerical Feasibility

Author: Michael Unser, Thanh-an Pham, Emmanuel Soubies, Ferréol Soulez, Soubies, Emmanuel, Centre International de Mathématiques et d'Informatique (de Toulouse) - - CIMI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0040 - LABX - VALID, Biomedical Imaging Group [Lausanne], Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Signal et Communications (IRIT-SC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), DAS-SAB, ANR-11-LABX-0040,CIMI,Centre International de Mathématiques et d'Informatique (de Toulouse)(2011), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Fluorophore, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Phase (waves), super-resolution, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Diffraction tomography, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Microscopy, Fluorescence microscope, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Fluorescence microscopy, Physics, business.industry, Fluorescence, Sample (graphics), [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], chemistry, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Refractive index, refractive index recovery
Abstract: International audience; Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a fluorescence microscopy technique that achieves super-resolution imaging by sequentially activating and localizing random sparse subsets of fluorophores. Each activated fluorophore emits light that then scatters through the sample, thus acting as a source of illumination from inside the sample. Hence, the sequence of SMLM frames carries information on the distribution of the refractive index of the sample. In this proof-of-concept work, we explore the possibility of exploiting this information to recover the refractive index of the imaged sample, given the localized molecules. Our results with simulated data suggest that it is possible to exploit the phase information that underlies the SMLM data.
Published: 2021

42. Rain Attenuation Estimation with the Numerical Weather Prediction Model WRF: Impact of Rain Drop Size Distribution for a Temperate Climate

Author: L. Castanet, Valentin Le Mire, Julien Queyrel, Laurent Quibus, Laurent Feral, ONERA / DEMR, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Meteorology, Microphysics, Attenuation, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Weather forecasting, propagation measurements, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Numerical weather prediction, tropospheric propagation, Troposphere, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], temperate climate, 13. Climate action, Weather Research and Forecasting Model, Numerical Weather Prediction, rain attenuation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental science, Satellite, Ka band, drop size distribution, computer
Abstract: International audience; Frequencies at and above K/Ka band are required for the deployment of (very) high throughput satellites. Yet, radio-links at those frequencies are strongly affected by tropospheric constituents, especially rain. The knowledge of the signal attenuation due to rain comes from dedicated propagation experiments with satellite beacons. Numerical Weather Prediction models could act as an alternative source of rain information, but the validation of their performances against beacon data remains incomplete, notably with respect to the local climatology. This work takes a look at the rain attenuation predicted with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model 4.0.3 initialized with ERA-5 data, tests nine microphysics schemes, either single-or double-moment, and adapts rigorously the electromagnetic model to their assumed rain drop size distributions. Results are compared over three months in Toulouse, in a temperate region, at both 20.2 and 39.4 GHz, and a strategy is outlined to select the best parametrizations from the error metrics.
Published: 2021

43. Preliminary Study on the Impact of Place and Route Strategy on FPGA Electromagnetic Emission

Author: Estevan L. Lara, Fabian Vargas, A. Boyer, Gunter Winkler, Juliano Benfica, Allan A. Constante, Bernd Deutschmann, Andreas Gleinser, Sonia Ben Dhia, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (PUCRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Electromagnetics, Computer science, Logic block, Reliability (computer networking), Commercial Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Field-programmable gate array, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Process (computing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Reliability, Chip, GTEM Cell Test Method, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Surface Scan Test Method, Electromagnetic emission (EME), Place and route, Routing (electronic design automation), business, Computer hardware, Logic place and route process
Abstract: International audience; Dense integration and high operating frequencies associated with increased number of I/O buffers of FPGAs are factors contributing to electromagnetic emission (EME) increase. Consequently the radiation issue that used to be discussed at PCB level has shifted to component level. Thus it is of high interest and challenging to investigate chip electromagnetic performance. This paper presents a preliminary analysis about the impact of the placement and routing (P&R) process of logic inside the FPGA on the chip EME level. With this purpose, a softcore processor was placed and routed based on three different strategies in the configurable logic block (CLB) array of a commercial FPGA and executed an application code running over an operating system (OS). Three experiments based on farand near-field emission measurements have been performed. The obtained results indicate that the EME level can be affected up to 21.8% by the way the processor is placed and routed inside the FPGA.
Published: 2021

44. Robust Hybrid Control for Demand Side Management in Islanded Microgrids

Author: Miguel A. Ridao, Carlos Bordons, Carolina Albea, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Agencia Estatal de Investigación. España, Junta de Andalucía, Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Departamento de Ingenieria de Sistemas y Automatica [Sevilla] (ISA), PID2019-105890RJ-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Project HYCAM) and by the local Ministry of Economy and Knowledge of Andalusia under grant US-1265917 (Project GESVIP)., ANR-18-CE40-0022,HISPALIS,Systèmes multi-agents hybrides auto-ajustés pour microgrids(2018), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Battery (electricity), General Computer Science, Demanded side management, Computer science, Plug and play, 020209 energy, Multi-agent system, Islanded microgrid, Multi-agent systems, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Hybrid dynamical systems, 7. Clean energy, Multi-Agent Systems, Hybrid Dynamical Systems, Demand response, State of charge, Robustness (computer science), Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Convergence (routing), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Microgrid, Demanded Side Management
Abstract: This paper focuses on designing a robust control law to manage the demand response of islanded microgrids composed of shifting and adjusting loads. On one side, Hybrid Dynamical System theory is suited here, because the microgrid model is composed of continuous-time dynamics (the energy stored in the battery and the adjustable loads), and discrete-time dynamics (the shifting loads). On the other side, Multi Agent System theory is used to control the adjusting loads in order to guarantee a consensus between them. Hence, non-uniform convergence of the State of Charge of the battery to a given reference is ensured. Robustness with respect to plug and play of any load and parameter variations is also ensured. Experimental results from a laboratory-scale microgrid validate the approach. Agencia Nacional de Investigación Francesa (ANR) ANR-18-CE40-0022-01 Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2019-105890RJI00 Agencia Estatal de Investigación AEI/10.13039/501100011033 Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento de Andalucía US-1265917
Published: 2021

45. Evaluation of Cell Membrane Effects After 3D Multicellular Spheroids RF Exposure

Author: Katia Grenier, Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi, David Dubuc, Marie-Pierre Rols, Sylvain Augé, Amar Tamra, Geraldine Alberola, Institut de pharmacologie et de biologie structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ANR-15-ASTR-0017,RF-METRO-CELL,Métrologie pour l'évaluation d'effets clastogène et membranaire de l'exposition aux radiofréquences sur des modèles multicellulaires 3D(2015), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: cell organelles, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Materials science, microwave, Rf exposure, 0206 medical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Cell membrane, RF effects, Cell integrity, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, micronucleus, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, biological effects, Spheroid, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020601 biomedical engineering, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, micro-technologies, embryonic structures, Cancer cell, Multicellular spheroid, Radio frequency, 3D cellular models, cell membrane, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: International audience; Herein we present the assessment of RF-induced cell membrane effects assessment in multicellular spheroids, which are three-dimensional tissue models resembling small avascular tumors. The RF exposure was performed in a dedicated RF applicator, which allowed a precise RF metrology as well as calibrated and systematized conditions of application of electromagnetic fields to multiple 3D multicellular spheroids. The used RF micro-device allowed us varying different RF parameters (such as frequency, power, or modulation) in order to evaluate RFrelated biological effects on the membranes of cells constituting the multicellular spheroids. The effects of electromagnetic signals were assessed on cancer cells spheroids made with HCT-116 cells. Appraised parameters included the evaluation of cell membrane integrity, and the assessment of spheroids global structure after illumination. After RF exposure at Specific Absorption Rate values ranging from 0.4 to 37 kW/kg (attaining a thermal increment ΔTmax up to 6°C), we did not observe any detrimental effects on the membrane level. Moreover, the spheroids exhibited an unmodified architecture.
Published: 2020

46. Average Dwell-Time Bounds for ISS and Integral ISS of Switched Systems using Lyapunov Functions

Author: Shenyu Liu, Daniel Liberzon, Aneel Tanwani, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [Univ California San Diego] (MAE - UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Urbana] (University of Illinois), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, IEEE, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [La Jolla] (UCSD), University of California-University of California, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Lyapunov function, Bilinear systems, 0209 industrial biotechnology, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Upper and lower bounds, Stability (probability), symbols.namesake, Dwell time, Nonlinear system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Exponential stability, Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, [INFO.INFO-SY]Computer Science [cs]/Systems and Control [cs.SY], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, Symmetric matrix, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; The problem of input-to-state stability (ISS), and its integral version (iISS), is considered for switched systems with inputs and resets. The individual subsystems are assumed to be ISS (resp. iISS) with nonlinear decay rates in dissipation inequalities associated with the Lyapunov function of each subsystem. The change in the value of Lyapunov functions at switching instants is described by a nonlinear growth function. A generalized lower bound is computed for average dwell-time (ADT) to guarantee ISS/iISS of the switched system. In particular, an explicit formula of ADT lower bound is given for switched bilinear systems with zero-input-stable subsystems.
Published: 2020

47. Improved observer design for heat equation with constant measurement delay via Legendre polynomials

Author: Emilia Fridman, Wen Kang, Alexandre Seuret, Jin Zhang, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], School of Automation and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] (University of Science and Technology Beijing), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Observer (quantum physics), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Hilbert space, Parameterized complexity, 02 engineering and technology, Stability (probability), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, symbols.namesake, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Exponential stability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, Applied mathematics, Heat equation, Constant (mathematics), Legendre polynomials, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we present improved results on observer design for 1D heat equation. We first introduce an observer under delayed spatially point measurements that leads to an error heat equation with time-delay. Inspired by recent developments in the area of delayed ODEs, we propose novel Lyapunov functionals based on the Legendre polynomials. Then, new Bessel-Legendre (BL) inequalities are provided to derive sufficient stability conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) that are parameterized by the degree of the polynomials. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the efficiency of the results that allow to enlarge the value of delay preserving the stability by more than 20%.
Published: 2020

48. Game-Based Negotiation between Power Demand and Supply in Green Datacenters

Author: Georges Da Costa, Minh-Thuyen Thi, Jean-Marc Pierson, Système d’exploitation, systèmes répartis, de l’intergiciel à l’architecture (IRIT-SEPIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), ANR-15-CE25-0012,DATAZERO,Datacenters robustes utilisant de l'énergie renouvelable(2015), Da Costa, Georges, and Datacenters robustes utilisant de l'énergie renouvelable - - DATAZERO2015 - ANR-15-CE25-0012 - AAPG2015 - VALID
Subjects: Computer science, Distributed computing, media_common.quotation_subject, Green Datacente, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Negotiation, Supply and demand, [INFO.INFO-DC] Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Game theory, media_common, business.industry, Quality of service, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Information technology, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Renewable energy, [INFO.INFO-OS] Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Middleware, Carbon footprint, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], business, Efficient energy use
Abstract: International audience; The power consumption of datacenters is growingrapidly and becoming a major concern. For reducing carbonfootprint and increasing energy efficiency, a promising solutionis to locally supply datacenters with renewable energies. However,a challenging problem in building such green datacenter is thecoordinating between the power demand and the intermittentpower supply. To address this problem, we propose to modelthe green datacenter as two subsystems, namely, InformationTechnology (IT) subsystem which consumes energy, and electricalsubsystem which supplies energy. Then we aim to find an efficientcompromise between the power supply and power demand,taking into account the constraints of both subsystems. Basedon buyer-supplier game, we introduce a negotiation approach, inwhich the two subsystems are modeled as the energy buyer andenergy supplier. A negotiation algorithm is proposed, allowingthe two subsystems to negotiate and reach an efficient trade-off,while respecting their ownutility/monetary gain. The algorithmis evaluated in our middleware of renewable energies-powereddatacenter. The experimental results show that the proposedalgorithm allows the negotiation process to reach stable points.This algorithm also obtains significant improvement in thedatacenter’s utility and quality of service (QoS), compared tothe algorithms in which joint IT-energy management is notconsidered.
Published: 2020

49. Testing a non-deterministic robot in simulation - How many repeated runs ?

Author: Jérémie Guiochet, Hélène Waeselynck, Clément Robert, Équipe Tolérance aux fautes et Sûreté de Fonctionnement informatique (LAAS-TSF), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Distributed computing, Functional testing, Software in the Loop (SiL) testing, 020207 software engineering, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, simulation, Autonomous robot, testing, autonomous robot, Field (computer science), Test (assessment), Robot control, Set (abstract data type), [INFO.INFO-PF]Computer Science [cs]/Performance [cs.PF], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Robot, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], non-determinism
Abstract: International audience; Testing autonomous robots requires test campaigns in the field that could be expensive, risky for the system and its environment, or even impossible to set up. To cope with these limits, an expanding approach is to perform tests in virtual environments using simulators. Due to the non-determinism of the robot control and simulation execution, a test might fail or pass with exactly the same inputs (same world and mission). An important question is thus: how many runs are required to activate a fault? We particularly focus in this paper on the efficiency of repeated runs and world diversity in the context of functional testing. We address this research question with an industrial case study-an agricultural weeding robot developed by Naïo Technologies. We conclude that, in this case study, test input diversity is more efficient than repeated runs in order to activate faults. More importantly, we propose an experimental approach to assess the impact of the non-determinism, which may be reused in other case studies.
Published: 2020

50. Reliable method for accurate measurements of the breakdown voltage in microgaps

Author: Antoine Belinger, Kremena Makasheva, Ngapuli I. Sinisuka, Jean-Pascal Cambronne, Aditya Eka Purba Sejati, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Sciences et Ingénierie des Plasmas Réactifs et des Arcs (LAPLACE-ScIPRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Matériaux Diélectriques dans la Conversion d’Energie (LAPLACE-MDCE), and Bandung Institute of Technology [Indonesia]
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Phase (waves), 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Current amplitude, 01 natural sciences, Micrometre, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Electrode, Breakdown voltage, Point (geometry), Current (fluid), 0210 nano-technology, Voltage
Abstract: International audience; The up-to-date tendency of compact design of low/medium voltage equipment implies micrometer distances between the active parts. In order to reduce losses and prevent operational failure of the devices under such conditions, knowledge on the breakdown voltage is essential. However, measurements of the breakdown voltage in microgaps remains quite delicate experiment, mainly because of difficulties related to the accurate definition of the distance between the electrodes. To overcome these limitations, we propose here a reliable method based on measurements of the current amplitude and phase between current and applied voltage for AC signals. It is shown that when contact between the two electrodes occurs the current amplitude increases substantially and the phase changes abruptly to zero. Thus, no arbitrary conditions are needed to define the contact point. The system is well-defined and the procedure accuracy improved.
Published: 2020

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