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Abstract: Mobilization patterns of energy reserves during starvation are highly variable among crustaceans, and understanding this process is useful to satisfy the nutritional requirements of cultured organisms. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mobilization patterns on early and advanced juveniles—first free stage and one‐gram juveniles—of redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). A biochemical approach was used to analyse the organic carbon, total proteins, lipids and glycogen levels of the entire animal, and a histochemical approach was adopted to identify location of metabolites in the hepatopancreas and abdominal muscle. While starvation did not affect early juvenile protein levels, it showed a significant decrease in advanced juveniles. Histochemical analysis showed that lipid storage of hepatopancreas R cells was depleted near point of no return (PNR) and recovered after feeding. Glycogen storage was localized in the F cells of the hepatopancreas, and among muscle fibres of the abdomen, where after feeding, a pronounced accumulation was observed. Early and advanced juveniles of redclaw crayfish showed different patterns of consumption mainly related to the protein level, which was the most abundant reserve in advanced juveniles and the most consumed during starvation. Hepatopancreas R cells were confirmed as the principal lipid storage, whereas the abdominal muscle was the main glycogen storage. In crustacean aquaculture, the understanding of resistance to temporary feed deprivation is relevant to achieve an adequate feeding management, thereby avoiding the overfeeding and diminishing operating costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inflammation related molecules such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and cardiotrophin‐1 (CT‐1) are highly expressed in obese individuals and could partly explain some comorbidities associated to obesity. In obese children, lifestyle interventions are able to lower inflammation and reduce cardiovascular risk factors associated with obesity. The aim of the present work was to study changes in inflammation‐related molecules serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transcript levels after a 10‐week lifestyle intervention in obese children and asses their potential association with glucose metabolism. Methods: Twenty‐three obese children (mean age 11.5 years; 48% males) underwent a 10‐week lifestyle not controlled intervention trial. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were analyzed. Transcript analysis for CT‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in PBMC were performed by RT‐PCR. Serum cytokine levels were also measured at baseline and after 10‐weeks. Results: Participants achieved a significant reduction in body adiposity (0.34 decrease in body mass index‐standard deviation), total cholesterol, and glucose levels after 10‐weeks. A Significant decrease in serum TNF‐α and C reactive protein (CRP) were observed. CT‐1 transcript levels were significantly reduced (P = .005) after lifestyle intervention, and these changes were significantly correlated with changes in serum CT‐1 levels (r = 0.451; P = .031). In multiple regression analysis baseline CT‐1 transcript levels were positively associated with final insulin (R2 = 0.506; P = .035) and HOMA‐IR values (R2 = 0.473; P = .034). Conclusions: We reported that serum CRP, TNF‐α, as well as PBMC CT‐1 transcript levels were reduced after lifestyle intervention in obese children. More studies are needed to clarify the role of inflammation‐related molecules in glucose metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]