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Building a new development pattern based on the "double-cycle" is a major strategic plan of China. Under the background of the new development pattern of the "double-cycle" and the context of environmental constraints, this paper tries to explore the impact of marine economic development on marine cultural industry and marine innovation development, the extent of the impact of marine cultural industry on marine economic growth, and the internal relationship between them under the new development pattern of double circulation. In this paper, Fujian Province is taken as the research object to construct an indicator system of the marine culture development to reflect the living standard, employment level, and spiritual and cultural levels of people in the marine area, and the external influence of the marine economy and marine culture industry is taken as the indicator variable to measure the integrated development. The internal changes are regarded as the index to assess the integration level of the two, and the evaluation theoretical model of the dynamic evolution level of the marine economy and marine cultural industry is constructed. The vector autoregression model and impulse response function are used to study the interactive correlation between the growth of the marine economy and the development of the cultural industry. The results show the following: In the long run, there is a cointegration relationship between the marine culture industry and the gross ocean product (GOP), which is a long-term balanced and stable relationship. The development level of the marine economy and the development of marine culture industry are mutually influencing and promoting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the economic development trend in the postepidemic era, this paper improves the traditional clustering algorithm and constructs a postepidemic economic development trend analysis model based on intelligent algorithms. In order to solve the clustering problem of large-scale nonuniform density data sets, this paper proposes an adaptive nonuniform density clustering algorithm based on balanced iterative reduction and uses the algorithm to further cluster the compressed data sets. For large-scale data sets, the clustering results can accurately reflect the class characteristics of the data set as a whole. Moreover, the algorithm greatly improves the time efficiency of clustering. From the research results, we can see that the improved clustering algorithm has a certain effect on the analysis of economic development trends in the postepidemic era and can continue to play a role in subsequent economic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information technology such as the continuous improvement of mobile Internet infrastructure and the performance of computers has made it easy to process and share information. The huge market demand for location-based information services provides huge impetus to the generation and development of mobile terminal positioning technology. Generally speaking, the main causes of climate change can be summarized into two categories: natural climate fluctuations and the impact of human activities which is a major measure taken by China to actively respond to climate change. This is a successful approach to actively explore the rapid development of China's industrialization and urbanization, which not only develops the economy and improves people's livelihood but also responds to climate change and reduces carbon intensity. Firstly, this paper mainly is aimed at the connotation of regional low-carbon economic development mode, studying the basic mode of regional low-carbon economic development, and analyzing the characteristics and applicable conditions of each mode. Secondly, based on the machine learning algorithm of data mining, the main mode selection of regional low-carbon economic development is discussed. Thirdly and finally, when choosing the regional low-carbon economic development mode, comprehensive consideration should be given to the economic development basis, energy structure, resource characteristics, industrial status, development mode, geographic location, and other factors. This paper studies the basic conditions and applicable conditions of regional economic development models. The conclusion shows that from the perspective of regional economic evolution, low-carbon economy can be regarded as the decarbonization process of economic development. It is an economic form combining its own characteristics and an inevitable requirement for the transformation of regional economy from other economic models to low-carbon economic models. And other factors of Selection of regional economic development foundation, energy structure, resource characteristics, industrial status, development mode, geographical location, were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of unconventional natural gas in China is facing three new situations: market-oriented pricing reform, intensified competition in state subsidies, and reduced production capacity growth, which may cause the development of unconventional natural gas to be on the edge of economic feasibility. Therefore, the definition of economic limit is even more important. In this paper, through analysis on the historical prices, outputs, and subsidy policies of three unconventional natural gases, methods to estimate future prices, subsidies, and outputs of unconventional natural gas are designed in this paper based on the mean reversion model and the generalized Weng model, respectively; fuzzy data are processed by using probability density function combined with a discounted cashflow method to improve the utilization of original data; the economic limit model for well depth, well spacing, and gas recovery rate is designed through break-even analysis with the subsection function of drilling cost to well depth, the modified Cher Card Geoff empirical formula of recovery ratio to well spacing, as well as the fitting formula of gas recovery rate and stable production time. This model is applied in the case of Deep CBM Block Ji 4&10. According to the estimation and case calculation, in future China, the subsidies for unconventional natural gas will gradually decrease and the gas output will significantly increase, with shale gas taking the leading position and CBM gradually declining; the economic limits of well depth, well spacing, and gas recovery rate of Ji 4&10 are 2,203.2 m, 300 m × 300 m and 469 m × 469 m, and 2.1% and 4.3%, respectively, under the economic infeasibility probability of 90%, and the overall economic infeasibility probability is 58%, indicating that the development of this block is subject to great risks and careful consideration needs to be given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent four decades, policy reform has integrated China's economy into global. Since 1981, foreign direct investment (FDI) has been gradually flowing into the Yangtze River Delta region. As a result, this region has enjoyed strong economic strength based on abundant human resources and convenient transportation network. Shanghai, the key city, has become one of the major cites attracting FDI; meanwhile, FDI also has had a tremendous impact on Shanghai's economic development, including employment. To sum up, Shanghai has been chosen as the research object in this paper. This research is organized by four parts: firstly, a theoretical analysis of employment effects of FDI is presented; secondly, after combining the actual utilization of FDI and employment in Shanghai, an empirical analysis of the effects of FDI on employment quantity and employment quality is carried out by data and regression models; thirdly, this research found FDI has exerted a negative influence on employment quantity in Shanghai; moreover, FDI also has shown a positive impact on the employment quality; and finally, the paper has proposed some suggestions to FDI's utility in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to realize the harmonious development between human beings and nature, we must adopt the environment-friendly production and consumption mode based on the carrying capacity of the environment, with less pollution and low loss of industrial structure and sustainable development of green industry to pursue the coordinated, comprehensive, and sustainable development of economy, society, and environment. Based on the analysis of the economic, resource, and environmental data of Tai'an, Tai'an made significant achievements in promoting the green development of the city. It shows that the measures of promoting green development to drive economic and social development in Tai'an City have achieved certain results. The paper used the entropy method to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index of the green development in Tai'an to measure the developments of "Green Tai'an" comprehensively and has analyzed the progress of the construction in recent years and put forward some relevant suggestions in view of the existing problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is devoted to the analysis of high-quality economic development in Latin American countries. Under the guidance of the new development concept strategy, the evaluation index system for the high-quality economic development level of Latin American countries is constructed from the six dimensions of economic strength, innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and the entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of each evaluation index. Based on UTM projection coordinate quantification and K-Means clustering algorithm, the spatial effect clustering model of Latin American countries is established. According to the two dimensions of geographical location and comprehensive index, Latin American countries are divided into different economic zones, and the agglomeration effect in the process of economic development of Latin American countries is analyzed from a spatial perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates whether the relationship between income inequality and growth changes over time. Two time periods, covering 1970-1985 and 1985-1999, are analyzed and compared. A statistically significant relationship between inequality and growth in either time period fails to emerge. However, there are indications that effect of inequality on growth may be different in the nineties when compared to the seventies. In the literature, a consistent negative effect of inequality on growth is documented although the significance of the effect is open to debate. This paper also finds a negative effect of income inequality on growth in the seventies but, although statistically insignificant, a consistently positive effect in the nineties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between government size and economic growth in the United States using time-series data over the period 1950-2007. In particular, this paper examines the effects of two key components of government expenditure, namely, government consumption and government investment, on US economic growth. A simultaneous-equation model is used to deal with the problem of bi-directional relationship between government size and economic growth. The results suggest that an increase in government consumption slows economic growth, while a rise in government investment enhances economic growth. Furthermore, the results also show that government investment crowds out private investment. Therefore, the overall effect of total government expenditure on economic growth is ambiguous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data collinearity, nonlinearity, and even the data itself helped us solve regression of blind areas throughout this study. When it comes to China's economic change in the new normal era, high-quality development will be an inescapable trend. By capitalizing on the industrial advantages of speed, flexibility, and convenience, e-commerce has given new momentum to the change of industrial structure and created prospects for the times' high-quality economic growth. Based on a comparison of the changes in provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020, the following conclusion may be drawn: following per capita education and per capita online sales weight in ANN analysis of economic growth is e-contribution commerce's to economic growth followed by e-commerce volume, express volume, and domain name; other factors are less important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's coast is the main spatial carrier and important geographical unit for future industrial development in China. We propose a weighted average decomposition method based on three basic problems in the theory of SDA model decomposition method, investigate the relevant properties of this method, and prove that two decomposition methods widely used in the literature—bipolar decomposition method and midpoint power decomposition method—are the approximate solutions of this decomposition method. Based on the idea of the Wasserstein distance algorithm for machine learning, the Wasserstein distance algorithm and its solution are improved by using the matrix expansion Sinkhorn algorithm and the entropy regularization constraint method, and the industry copolymerization index is constructed through hypothesis testing and Monte Carlo simulation to measure the level of industry copolymerization in coastal China. The results show that the level of industry copolymerisation within the same quantile industry is greater than that between industries across quantile industries in China's coasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, the fast increase of the global energy consumption, mainly related to the strong economic growth in the Far East, and the progressive depletion of the fossil fuels induced a run-up in the world oil price. Both these economic concerns and the growing global pollution pointed out that a transition toward renewable energies is mandatory. Among renewables, the conversion of sunlight into electricity by photovoltaic (PV) devices is a reliable choice to cope the growing energy consumption, due to the huge potentially extractable power (up to 120000 TW). The most important classes of inorganic PV devices developed in the last sixty years will be reviewed in this paper, in order to depict the state of the art of the technologies which dominate the PV market. Some novel concepts which could have an important role in the future of PV will be also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we construct a standard CGE model to explore the impact of scaling up infrastructure in six African countries. As the debate on the importance of scaling up infrastructure to stimulate growth and provide a push to African economies, some analysts raise concern on financing these infrastructures after construction and that external funding of these can create major distortion and have a negative impact on the trade balance of these countries. This study aims to provide insights into this debate. It draws from the infrastructure productivity literature to postulate positive productive externalities of new infrastructure and Fay and Yepes (2003) for operating cost associated with new infrastructure. We compare various infrastructure investments funded with different fiscal tools. These investments scenarios are compared to nonproductive investment that can be interpreted as a business as usual scenario. Our results show that foreign aid does produce Dutch disease effects but the negative impacts are strongly dependent on the type of investments performed. Moreover, growth effects contribute to attenuate the negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tackles the problem of aggregate TFP measurement using stochastic frontier analysis. We estimate a world production frontier for a sample of 75 countries over a long period. The "Bauer-Kumbhakar" decomposition of TFP is applied to a smaller sample in order to evaluate the effects of changes in efficiency (technical and allocative), scale effects, and technical change. Estimated technical efficiency scores are compared to productivity indexes offered by nonfrontier studies. We conclude that differences in productivity are responsible for virtually all the differences of growth performance between developed and developing nations and that a large part of this is due to allocative efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]