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The Gruppo di Parola for children having separated parents is a short, preventive and support intervention aiming at promoting the resources and the well-being of participants both in individual terms as well as in the relational and familiar ones. In the scientific literature few contributions analyze this intervention from the process' point of view. This paper focuses on a specific phase of the path during the first meeting - called "opening phase". The aim is to identify some common elements in the interactive exchanges that allow the researcher to identify patterns of interaction. Three different Gruppi di Parola were considered, conducted in the same context (Service for families) and by the same operators (two females). This paper illustrates in details the coding system developed with the aid of the Transana software. The analyses confirm the presence of interactive configurations common to the three Gruppi di Parola. In particular, the intervention is characterized by an involvement of participants through an individual level as well as a group level (the group becomes the subject). Some elements of processual rituality and micro-rituality are also identified.

Design and anthropology represent two intertwined disciplines, which historically have found fruitful opportunities for comparison and elements of contact; in light of the social changes that are strongly influencing also the design field, today more than ever these two disciplines are called to question themselves again, with a critical and future-oriented approach, to renew their fields of investigation by enhancing each other's interferences, strategies of collaboration and possible common challenges. In particular, the paper aims to adopt a projective perspective, investigating the present as a time open to the future, a moving "edge". In fact, more and more frequently we wonder what the perspective is for "the anthropology of the future" (Bryant and Knight, 2019), taking a position similar to those design-oriented approaches promoting "the uncertain and the possibility" (Akama et al., 2018) as well as "fragilisms" as vectors of innovation. The analysis will focus on the role of public anthropology as a privileged interlocutor to those engaged in design; on the enhancement of suburbs as a territory of "residual authenticity" and creative "indiscipline" (Vattimo 1988, p. XI); on the centrality of a micro approach to urban regeneration, as well as on the examples of widespread and inclusive regeneration that see the inhabitants as co-authors, where individuals are not mere bearers of culture and values, but also creators of new culture and projects. The goal is to outline a synergy that looks to the future of action-research on the peripheries starting from margins, diversities, hybrids, creativity and the informal. Furthermore, we will analyze the prospects of urban regeneration in a post-anthropocentric era. The paper, starting from some recent case studies that mainly involved the Milan area, thus intends to underline and enhance the disciplinary links between anthropology and design, but also their "exchanges, entanglements and frictions" (Bargna and Santanera

The relationship between power, technology and organizing is a longstanding theme in organization studies, typically articulated along two polarized positions: a pessimistic and an optimistic one. Both positions assume a deterministic view in which technology “impacts” society and organizations, thus missing the intricate and often ambiguous dynamics that surround power and technology. Accordingly, this Special Issue focuses on the intricacies of power, digital technologies and organizational processes. Presenting the rationale of the papers that compose the Special Issue, we suggest five themes arising when empirically and theoretically approaching these intricacies: 1) digital technologies and power relationships in organizational structure and processes; 2) relationships between technology, power and workers’ participation; 3) digital technologies, algorithmic control and power renegotiation; 4) digital technologies, practices of human resources management and the joint design of technology, work, and organization; 5) hyper-industrialization as a critical lens to approach technology, work, and organizing. Taken all together, the papers help overcoming simplifications as well as polarized representations of the relationship between power, digital technologies and organizing.

This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between the mixed methods approach and the evaluation field, with an overall look at the international social science area. Analysing a set of papers that make use of mixed methods, a reflection on the prevalence of the evaluation field is presented. Text analysis through the Structural Topic Model (STM) technique allows to extract topics from a corpus of documents. Findings show how the evaluation filed has a relevant role within the area of studies that use a mixed methods approach. Evaluation emerges indeed as a topic itself. Moreover, relationships among evaluation and other disciplinary fields wherein mixed methods are used can be highlighted. The overview presented in this study allows to look at trends within the mixed methods approach in social science and within evaluation, as well as intersections between the two areas.

The paper aims to introduce the reflection upon the Mixed Methods (MM) approach and evaluation research that will be attained in the following contributions. It is by now largely recognised how rarely one single evaluation strategy may fully capture the entire complexity of social phenomena happening in the “real” world. Nowadays, many recognise that combining different strategies and techniques within one evaluative process it is more efficient than using conventional evaluation approaches with a single research strategy. This article recomposes the developments of a need for a MM approach in Italy. Moreover, other papers in this special issue are briefly presented by identifying a common thread, represented by the reflection suggested in the paper by Jennifer Greene.

The use of data as elements of data-driven decision making is not in question in the context of for-profit organizations. Much less certainty exists with respect to the presence of an effective "data culture" in the sphere of social policies and its actors (public administration and nonprofit organizations), and especially whether and under what conditions this culture can actually represent an element of growth and development. The paper proposes an organic reflection on this topic, addressing it explicitly from the point of view of nonprofit organizations and their specificities.

Questo scritto mira a indagare il rapporto tra potere pubblico e piattaforme digitali, nella prospettiva di una loro crescente collaborazione nel contrasto a fenomeni quali la disinformazione, i contenuti antiscientifici e i discorsi d’odio. Mira altresì a sottolineare le questioni di rilievo costituzionale che tale cooperazione può porre nonché le vie alternative che si possono prendere in esame., This paper aims to investigate the relationship between public power and digital platforms, with a view to their growing collaboration in the fight against phenomena such as disinformation, anti-scientific content and hate speech. It also aims to underline the constitutional issues that such cooperation can raise as well as the alternative ways that can be considered.

In this paper, we explore econometrically the impact of judicial efficiency on the attractiveness to FDI of Italian municipalities. The distinctive contribution of this paper is manifold. First, we consider the efficiency of different types of judicial proceedings (i.e. enforcement of civil contracts and labour contracts) across local courts and of different judgment levels (i.e. first and second instance courts). Secondly, we consider an ideal case: Italy is a centralized country, where the same laws apply in all the national territory, but the degree of law enforcement varies considerably across different courts. Lastly, our results have interesting policy implications, since they may help in highlighting the importance of non-targeted FDI policies as factors driving the location choice of MNEs.

This paper proposes a reflection on the critical aspects of implementing an ethnographic study mediated by the use of information and communication technology (ICT), using as a case study a pilot research that was carried between October and December 2020. The recruitment of the study participants was conducted through the use of social media, the communications with the participants was developed via e-mail, the interviews were carried out with a videoconference platform, and also the interaction between the authors needed to analyze and discuss the collected data was conducted using both synchronous and asynchronous online communication. The general aim is to promote a more reflection on the use of ICT in contemporary ethnography.

Alla luce di una sintetica ma mirata analisi di materiale edito e inedito, il presente contributo si propone di indagare il complesso dei rapporti personali, intellettuali e scientifici intercorsi tra Ludwig Binswanger e il suo “venerato maestro e amico” Eugen Bleuler tra il 1907 e il 1939. Binswanger, che iniziò la sua carriera di psichiatra proprio come assistente volontario presso la Clinica psichiatrica universitaria di Zurigo (il “Burghölzli”), pur manifestando una particolare ammirazione per la “figura spirituale” di Bleuler e per alcune sue specifiche innovazioni teoriche in senso clinico-strutturale, non ha tuttavia mancato di sottolineare alcuni elementi di criticità nella sua concezione della natura umana, come il monismo determinista della sua "Naturgeschichte der Seele" del 1921., By a brief and focused analysis of published and unpublished material, this paper investigates the complex of personal, intellectual and scientific relationship between Ludwig Binswanger and his “revered teacher and friend” Eugen Bleuler from 1907 to 1939. As known, Binswanger’s career in psychiatry began at the “Burghölzli” Clinic in Zurich. Although Binswanger showed particular admiration for Bleuler’s “spiritual figure” and for some of his specific theoretical innovations in the clinical-structural sense, he did not fail to criticize some features of his conception of human nature, like the determinist monism conveyed in his 1921 "Naturgeschichte der Seele".

La critica di Kelsen al concetto di “religione secolare” è incentrata su un’opposizione dicotomica tra religioso e secolare. Nel nostro saggio ci sofferme-remo sui due principali argomenti della critica mossa da Kelsen agli autori che adottano impropriamente il concetto di “religione secolare” nell’interpretazione della modernità: la critica dei falsi parallelismi, e la tesi della autocontraddittorietà del concetto stesso di “religione secolare”. Nell’ultima parte del saggio esaminere-mo l’ipotesi di sostituire all’opposizione dicotomica “religioso vs. secolare” un più articolato sistema di opposizioni non dicotomiche, ma polari: l’opposizione “reli-gioso vs. laico” e l’opposizione “sacro vs. secolare”., Hans Kelsen’s critique of the concept of “secular religion” is based on a dicho-tomic opposition between religious and secular. In the present paper we examine the two main arguments advanced by Kelsen against those authors who improper-ly use the concept of “secular religion” in their interpretation of modernity: the cri-tique of false parallelisms, and the thesis of the self-contradiction implied in the very concept of “secular religion”. In the last section of the paper, we analyse the hypothesis of replacing Kelsen’s dichotomic opposition between religious and secular with a more articulated system of non-dichotomic polar oppositions: “reli-gious vs. lay”, and “sacred vs. secular”.

This paper focuses on a traineeship experience for students of the Master Degree Course in Pedagogical Sciences at the University of Milano Bicocca. After an introduction on the complexity related to the profile of adult educators, the paper will discuss the fundamental assumptions that oriented the provisional traineeship structure and the role of tutors. After the critical process of evaluation of a pilot course, the paper will focus on the transition from a traineeship with a research-based approach to a guidance model with a blended-learning one.

In questo contributo si analizza l'apporto che la riflessione di Margaret Archer può portare alla elaborazione di una teoria sociologica della persona, a partire dalla sua visione processuale della soggettività e delle dimensioni sociali e pre-sociali dalle quali emerge, del rappotro tra azione sociale e struttura, della sua concezione aperta del mutamento sociale., This paper is dedicated to analyze the contribution that Margaret S. Archer's sociological theory could give to the construction of a "Sociology of Person". Archer's conception of subjectivity as processual and rooted in social as well as non-social dimensions, of the relationship between human agency and social structures and her vision of social change as an open dynamic reveal pivotal elements for this theoretical challenge.

Il lavoro considera la permanente attualità del pensiero di Cattaneo sull’economia dello sviluppo, con riferimento all’importanza delle istituzioni e al ruolo della tecnologia e del capitale umano. Il pensiero di Cattaneo ha il grande merito di ricomprendere aspetti tecnici, giuridici, economici e istituzionali, in conformità alla sua convinzione che solo un intervento congiunto su questi piani possa portare a un reale miglioramento dell’economia e a uno sviluppo correttamente inteso., This paper considers the continuing relevance of Carlo Cattaneo's ideas on the economics of development, with reference to the importance of institutions and the role of technology and human capital. Cattaneo's thought has the great merit of encompassing technical, legal, economic and institutional aspects, in accordance with his conviction that only a joint intervention on these levels can lead to a real improvement in the economy and to a properly designed development.

The labor market and the recruiting process is increasingly mediated through technology. This paper examines the use of social network sites as a new channel of hiring and the implications this has on candidates and recruiters. The main questions are: what kind of candidates and firms use social media in the recruitment process? What is the effectiveness of social media in the matching between supply and demand in the labor market? How candidates represent themselves online and how digital reputation impacts on job search? What is the role of social capital (and digital ties) in social recruiting? What training is undertaken for the professional use of social media? To answer these questions, an online survey, conducted between March and June 2014, collected responses from 17.272 candidates (8.992 complete responses and 8.280 partial responses) and 1502 recruiters (873 complete responses and 628 partial responses), from 24 countries all over the world. Beyond the global data, the paper present a comparison between five geographical areas.

The paper presents the tools elaborated by European Union experts to make people employable in the context of global crisis and labour market’s needs transformation. The paper moves on two levels: the first, that of firms, presents results of some studies on the demand of competences in the short run in the services sector and, specifically, in that of green economy. The second level, that of individuals, presents some new tools aiming to support workers to evaluate the skill gap (O*Net Interest Profiler, O*Net Ability Profiler, O*Net Work Importance Profiler) and undertake the right actions to become employable. Results highlight the limited efficiency of innovative digital tools, if they are not founded on systemic integration and social inclusion.

This paper has been written within the context of the session entitled Water and its effect on shaping the territory: landscapes, policies and proposals of the conference “Of mountains and water: the wrinkles and flows of the Earth”. The subject chosen is the study and cartographic reconstruction using GIS of the aqueduct designed for the city of Verona in the 19th century and later on till the development of the nowadays technology network. So geo-historic archival documents are particularly important not only for the significance of a geo-historic memoir but also, in our case, to identify the origin of the water network of a city and retrace the evolution. Nowadays, indeed, the study of water distribution networks ought to take on greater importance, because their construction/management/ maintenance is vital for urban environments and for the territory in general. This research has led, moreover, to a reflection on underground networks which, over the course of time, begin to acquire elements of ever greater complexity in the relationships between their components. It becomes comparable to the “circulatory system” of a living organism whose adjustment, control and maintenance is now entrusted to a series of techniques and technologies (e.g. the implementation of dedicated systems) which are increasingly complex and call for both global visions like those proposed at the end of this paper and a consciousness of specific implications with regard to specialist skills.

Recent reforms of retirement systems throughout Europe have shown the need – within work organisations – for HR policies addressed to face the challenges of an increasing employees’ mean age and of an imbalanced age mix among the workforces. Based on the analysis of the organisational litera-ture on age management, as well as of the evidence-based achievements of the research on this topic, the paper aims at introducing the architecture and the first empirical findings of an age management tool – the Quality of ageing at work questionnaire – QAW-q – addressed to survey the individual process of ageing at work within specific work organisations. Based on the key elements of the workability concept, the QAW-q aims at producing results that support HR managers and employers in managing an older and more age-diverse workforce by analysing the influence of the individual different kinds of age (biological age, job seniority in the position and years of payment to social security schemes) on the individual perceptions about the quality of work. The paper presents the first results from the pilot use of the QAW-q in some private firms and local administrations in Italy.

The paper seeks to answer the key question: are the several forms of free work done within crowdfunding a gift, an exploitation or an investment? The research question has been articulated with respect to the models of crowdfunding, the actors surveyed, and in relation to the meanings they attach to their experience. The research was carried out by sending out an online questionnaire to all Italian platforms and through semi-structured interviews with a sample of platform owners and project holders. The paper is organised into three main parts: definition of crowdfunding and analysis of operating logics and social mechanisms; map of the spread, growth and impact of crowdfunding in Italy; analysis of the meanings attributed to “free labor” by the main actors in the sector. It ends with the identification of new research avenues for the analysis of an industry that is still in its infancy, but which is growing fast.

The paper takes into account good practices of community planning realized in Turin and in particular it describes an ethnographically-oriented participant-observation study conducted while I worked as consultant within the “Residual Areas Project”, a program managed by the Urban Design Office of the Municipality, meant to intervene in neglected public space located in trouble urban district, intended as an area of co-design between art, architecture, urban planning and social sciences and aimed to (re)design those spaces implementing a bottom-up logic and setting-up a “sense of belonging” through actions based on active collaboration between citizens, users, mediators and planners. Data collected included audio-recorded interviews with participants, participant observations, and photographic recordings. Through a qualitative analysis of these data the paper aspires to fulfill three main purposes. First, it considers the factors that have led city authorities to place an increasing emphasis on culture policies. Second, it examines arguments that have been advanced about the effectiveness of cultural projects as tools of urban (re)development. Third, it presents the above mentioned project for the requalification of public space trying to show all different levels of citizen‟s involvement in planning and design and finally questioning its impact on creating more livable and inclusive cities.

The paper focuses on the relationships between power and technology in the field of organization studies, shedding light on the conceptual juxtapositions arousing from the debate. It discusses the many concepts of power and the relationship between digital technologies and power. Then it focuses on the role of digital technologies with respect to automation processes and control dynamics and deepens the transformations of jobs and professions in relation to digital technologies’ adoption. The contribution calls for overcoming the dualistic nature of debates, so to understand sociality and materiality, power and technology as a form of continuum.

The first relevant attempt to describe mixed methods (MM) in the field of evaluative research is attributable to Greene and Caracelli (1997). The authors distinguish various forms of MM starting from the purposes for which they are used. Since 1997 important developments occurred in academic and professional debates related to MM in evaluative research. Starting from the reconstruction of the debate on the usefulness and use of MM in evaluative research, this paper reflects on the ontological, epistemological, methodological, and axiological issues related to evaluative research processes using MM. This consideration needs to involve an extended vision of the issues underlying the choices of specific methods in the research process. This is even more necessary in evaluative research constitutionally engages with complex dilemmas, especially on the axiological level.

The paper focuses on the relationships between power and technology in the field of organization studies, shedding light on the conceptual juxtapositions arousing from the debate. It discusses the many concepts of power and the relationship between digital technologies and power. Then it focuses on the role of digital technologies with respect to automation processes and control dynamics and deepens the transformations of jobs and professions in relation to digital technologies’ adoption. The contribution calls for overcoming the dualistic nature of debates, so to understand sociality and materiality, power and technology as a form of continuum.

The contribution deals with the different economic evolution of two small manufacturing towns in the Brescia province: Gardone Val Trompia, specialized since the sixteenth century in the production of firearms, and Toscolano that, together with Maderno, represented for centuries one of the most important settlements for paper production in the Italian Peninsula. After having examined the reasons for their success, with particular attention to the organizational structure of the activity, the characteristics of the workforce and marketing strategies, the reasons for their different destiny will be outlined. In fact, while Toscolano has progressively lost ground since the nineteenth century, until a complete deindustrialization in the twentieth century, the arms district of Gardone, grown around the Beretta firm, still represents one of the most vital industrial experiences of the Peninsula

Survey methodologists confront complicated choices regarding survey design since they want to ensure high participation rates and quality data in a relatively short period of time. Indeed, declining participation rates and inadequate data quality are serious problems in the field of surveys, particularly if they are ad-ministered via the Internet. This paper shows whether a shortened questionnaire and SMS/e-mail reminders maximize response rates and data quality. Our email survey is targeted at students registered in degree courses at the University of Milan Bicocca. It is an experiment, assessing the effects of different combinations of reminders and var-ious questionnaire lengths on participation, accuracy of filling out the questionnaire and overall response time.

The online personal networks of food-bloggers: the rise of amateur professionalism in times of economic crisis The spread of social media is creating new reputational mechanisms, even in professional environments. This paper focuses on “food-bloggers”, professional amateurs that act on the border between hobby and profession through an intentional investment on reputation. The main question here is relative to the potential use of this reputation within the same environment in which has been built, through the creation of new professions based on the Web, or exported in more traditional offline sectors. This research highlights an important difference between the popularity and the reputation of an actor. The paper also devotes a section to the study, through Social Network Analysis, of the personal networks of the most popular Italian food-bloggers on Twitter and Facebook. Different social structures emerge, at all levels examined. This paper is part of a larger project that will deal with the most highly reputed actors, and it will be replicated among different professional groups.

Questo contributo propone la lente cinematografica come chiave di lettura dei mutamenti sociali connessi con le trasformazioni urbane. Cinema e città sono qui visti come attori protagonisti del processo di modernizzazione. La città, allo stesso tempo affascinante e inquietande, viene raccontata dal cinema. Ma facendo questo, il cinema contribuisce anche a creare una certa idea di città e di metropoli. Lo scopo di questo contributo è identificare la stretta relazione tra cinema e città, esplorando le modalità in cui i film presentano e narrano le tipiche paure e i valori urbani dell'era della modernizzazione e della globalizzazione e le connesse trasformazioni urbane. Numerosi film sono qui citati anche per introdurre alcuni temi come quello della fuga dalla metropoli attraverso i rifugi delle comunità cintate e dei sobborghi., In this paper cinematography is proposed as lens to read the social change related to the urban transformations. The city and the cinema are here seen as intertwined leading actors of the modernization process. At the same time charming and distubing the city is told by the cinema. But, doing this, the cinema also contribuites to create a certain idea of city and metropolis. The aim of this paper is to draw the strenght relationship between cinema and urban and social change, exploring in which way movies present and re-tell the typical urban fears and values of the modernization and globalization eras and their linked urban transformations. Several movies are here cited also to introduce issues as the escape from the city refuging in gated communities and suburbs.

The Teatro alla Scala in Milan is playing a position of primary artistic interest in the field of national and international Opera and Drama. This paper aims to analyze the control system adopted by this Institution in order to develop some remarks about the relevance of management control system in Italian cultural organizations. In the past, in these realities the incisive public presence has often hindered the development of such managerial processes. The research has been carried out through a deductive quality methodology. This means that, empirical research has been realized later than the study of the literature on the topic. The case study has been carried out by submitting an interview to the responsible of Management Control. The empirical investigation has led us to develop some observations about management control organizational functions in the Opera houses. The paper identifies the key factors influencing the role of performance measurement system.

Il contributo presenta i risultati di una ricerca che ha coinvolto 137 pazienti adulti affetti da Talassemia Major. A partire da un’analisi della letteratura sulle dimensioni che caratterizzano un sistema di presa in carico della malattia cronica, è stato esaminato il rapporto tra elementi di gestione collaborativa della cura e la percezione di controllo della malattia in relazione a due outcomes: la soddisfazione per il servizio di cura e la soddisfazione per la qualità della vita. Inoltre si è voluto indagare in via esplorativa il contributo del costrutto “Senso di appartenenza alla comunità di cura” nel legame con i livelli di soddisfazione per il servizio e la qualità della vita. I risultati confermano la rilevanza del “Senso di appartenenza alla comunità di cura” quale significativo predittore di entrambi gli outcomes. La soddisfazione per le cure trova nella dimensione della fiducia l’altro significativo predittore, mentre la soddisfazione per la qualità della vita viene spiegata anche dall’apporto della percezione di controllo sulla malattia. Nella discussione vengono introdotti alcuni aspetti organizzativi che possono favorire lo sviluppo del senso di appartenenza., This paper presents the results of a study on 137 adult patients with Thalassemia Major. On the basis of the literature on the dimensions characterizing the management of chronic illness, the paper has examined the relationship between factors of collaborative care management and perceived control in relation to two satisfaction outcomes: Quality of care and Quality of life. In addition, the paper includes an exploratory investigation of the role of the "Sense of belonging to the community of care" construct. The results confirm the relevance of the construct "Sense of belonging to the community of care" as a significant predictor of both outcomes. Satisfaction with care is also explained by the Trust factor, while Satisfaction with the Quality of life is predicted by the perceived control over the disease. The discussion introduces some organizational aspects that can facilitate the development of a sense of belonging to the community of care.

Il contributo illustra lo sviluppo storico e i fondamenti teorico-metodologici della psicologia della liberazione, focalizzando l’attenzione in particolare sui concetti di legame, relazione e partecipazione. Dopo aver evidenziato le connessioni con la psicologia di comunità, vengono illustrate le possibili applicazioni e gli specifici ambiti di intervento di questo approccio nei contesti occidentali. L’esito della delucidazione sui capisaldi teorico-metodologici e operativi della psicologia della liberazione è la chiara distinzione tra quest’ultimo costrutto e quelli affini di empowerment e resilienza. Nel contributo viene anche presa esame la forte componente etica e valoriale della psicologia della liberazione., This paper describes the historical development and the theoretical and methodological framework of the Psychology of Liberation. The concepts of social bond, relationship and participation are given special attention. After discussing how Psychology of Liberation and Community Psychology are linked together, possible applications in different specific contexts are illustrated. This paper shows how Psychology of Liberation differs from akin constructs like empowerment and resilience. Finally, ethical and value-related aspects of the Psychology of Liberation are discussed.

Within the multi-differentiated language constellation in our Global Modern World, this paper focuses on a specific language combination by discussing phonetic and phonological aspects of L3 German acquisition after English (L2) by adult Italian (L1) speakers. The language contact under consideration is characterized by exposure to a Romance L1 and two Germanic languages as L2 and L3. The paper investigates whether and to what extent in this specific example of triple language contact, cross-linguistic phonetic influences are originated from L1 and from L2.

The term work-life balance is prevalent in academic literature, policy debates and popular discourse. Despite its ubiquity, the term has received relatively little critical analysis and the ‘balance’ which is strived for remains opaque. Drawing on qualitative empirical work with fathers who are in full-time employment, this paper critiques the implicit assumption that ‘work’ and ‘life’ are necessarily in conflict and compete for scarce resources. The paper argues instead that a complementary model of work-life balance, albeit with moments of friction, better captures fathers’ experiences than the adversarial model which currently dominates. It is suggested that this formulation of work-life balance is both a conceptual improvement and a starting point for developing more useful policy measures.

This paper analyzes some practices and aspects of second hand cultures, that allow to develop new insights around the chain of production- consumption. First, these worlds destabilize the basic assumption that only new things are produced and bought. Second, the market of second hand frequently involves consumers in additional work. In short, second hand goods exist in relation to a production that is mediately by the first cycle of consumption and are intrinsically connected to practices that reveal the work of consumption. Then, the paper analyzes the fashion of second hand like a typical case of reusing practises. The success of second hand fashion involves very different reasons like straitened circumstances, environmental sensibility, temperance, cool stylish research.

Organizational Strategies and Consultation as Situated Practice of Knowledge Social Making - The aim of this paper is to present the main results of a consultation understood like a situated practice dealing with the social process by which professional identity, organizational knowledge and cultures take form. The work underlines how organizational strategies grow up from the social texture of workplace exchanges, in which the practical and daily experience of each professional becomes the main and more relevant field for a making sense process: the interactions and conversations between internal and external stakeholders and social actors shape the incarnate production of ordinary social facts. The paper underlines the qualitative approach and the methodological devices used to achieve the production of situated knowledge concerned the context of a social firm, located in Valle d’Aosta, dealing with the challenge of brand positioning and innovation. By means of accounts and thick descriptions the paper aims to show how making organizational strategies can be analyzed as a situated social process, as a practice which acquires progressive stability from provisional and changing patterns.

Producción Científica, This paper aims at analysing the maintenance, preservation, and (re)interpretation of the urban heritage of the industrial city of Bilbao (Spain). Particular attention will be paid to the effects of globalisation at the end of the xx century in Bilbao’s, the relationship between proposals and completed actions put forward by Bilbao’s strategic plan (Partial Territorial Plan), and their urban and socio-economic impacts on the city starting from the beginning of the 1990s. This work focuses on three of the most emblematic actions which have been carried out thus far in the Ria river territory to consider end discuss the treatment of the historical memory of the industrial legacy: the Abandoibarra’s abandoned shipyards, the Ametzola railway station, and eventually the Galindo River estuary. En italiano: Questo contributo analizza la gestione e la (re) interpretazione del patrimonio urbano della città di Bilbao (Spagna) e gli effetti della globalizzazione alla fine del xx secolo nel suo ambito urbano. Sarà prestata particolare attenzione al rapporto tra le proposte e le azioni completate del piano strategico di Bilbao (Piano territoriale parziale) e i suoi impatti socio-economici e urbani sulla città a partire dall’inizio degli anni ’90. Il saggio si concentra su tre delle azioni più emblematiche portate a termine ad oggi nel territorio fluviale per dimostrare come è stato impostato il trattamento della memoria storica dell’eredità industriale: le trasformazioni dei cantieri navali abbandonati di Abandoibarra, della stazione ferroviaria di Ametzola e infine dell’estuario del fiume Galindo., European Joint Doctorate “urbanHIST”. European Union. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 721933.

Producción Científica, This paper aims at analysing the maintenance, preservation, and (re)interpretation of the urban heritage of the industrial city of Bilbao (Spain). Particular attention will be paid to the effects of globalisation at the end of the xx century in Bilbao’s, the relationship between proposals and completed actions put forward by Bilbao’s strategic plan (Partial Territorial Plan), and their urban and socio-economic impacts on the city starting from the beginning of the 1990s. This work focuses on three of the most emblematic actions which have been carried out thus far in the Ria river territory to consider end discuss the treatment of the historical memory of the industrial legacy: the Abandoibarra’s abandoned shipyards, the Ametzola railway station, and eventually the Galindo River estuary. En italiano: Questo contributo analizza la gestione e la (re) interpretazione del patrimonio urbano della città di Bilbao (Spagna) e gli effetti della globalizzazione alla fine del xx secolo nel suo ambito urbano. Sarà prestata particolare attenzione al rapporto tra le proposte e le azioni completate del piano strategico di Bilbao (Piano territoriale parziale) e i suoi impatti socio-economici e urbani sulla città a partire dall’inizio degli anni ’90. Il saggio si concentra su tre delle azioni più emblematiche portate a termine ad oggi nel territorio fluviale per dimostrare come è stato impostato il trattamento della memoria storica dell’eredità industriale: le trasformazioni dei cantieri navali abbandonati di Abandoibarra, della stazione ferroviaria di Ametzola e infine dell’estuario del fiume Galindo., European Joint Doctorate “urbanHIST”. European Union. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 721933.

The article intends to reflect on the application of the ethnographic technique called “shadowing” in the field of sociology of law. While adopting an empirical approach, this tool is particularly appropriate to understand social actors’ behaviour and to re-construct the complex network of interconnections between law and society. Starting from an analysis of the distinctive features of “shadowing”, this paper will present a summary of the findings resulting from a period in the shadow of a labour judge in an Italian court. The article aims to enhance an extended debate about the most appropriate qualitative research techniques to study the legal operators’ activities.

Negli ultimi vent’anni, i sistemi giudiziari del sud Europa sono stati oggetto di svariate riforme, in alcuni casi imposte dalla Troika, in altri adottate in risposta alle influenze esercitate da Consiglio dell’Unione Europea, Direzione generale per la competizione della Commissione, Corte Europea dei Diritti dell’Uomo e network giudiziari europei, promossi da Consiglio d’Europa e Unione Europea. Tuttavia, a valle di questa lunga stagione di interventi, la giustizia nell’Europa meridionale risulta ancora, nel complesso, al di sotto degli standard europei. Se però cambiamo la scala di riferimento e ci avviciniamo idealmente agli uffici giudiziari sul territorio, possiamo osservare fenomeni sorprendenti. A dispetto dell’opinione diffusa, infatti, molti tribunali del sud Europa sono delle “arene di innovazione”, dove negli ultimi anni sono stati sviluppati molteplici interventi, volti a risolvere problemi interni di funzionamento, migliorare le condizioni di lavoro degli operatori e accrescere la qualità dei servizi erogati ai cittadini. Paradossalmente, tutto ciò fa sì che i sistemi giudiziari dell’Europa meridionale, da un lato, fatichino ad attuare le riforme promosse a livello centrale e, dall’altro, incontrino grandi difficoltà nel diffondere le innovazioni, che rimangono di sovente una sorta di “patrimonio locale”. L’articolo intende creare un “ponte immaginario” fra sociologia, scienza politica e diritto, per analizzare i percorsi di innovazione giudiziaria in Italia, Spagna, Portogallo e Grecia. Il saggio presenterà i primi risultati di una ricerca empirica quinquennale, mai condotta in precedenza, che ha impiegato quattro principali tecniche qualitative: interviste semi-strutturate, analisi documentale, osservazione partecipante e shadowing, coinvolgendo magistrati, capi ufficio, dirigenti amministrativi, funzionari, avvocati, vertici dei ministeri, membri dei consigli superiori e delle scuole della magistratura dei quattro paesi. L’articolo persegue due obiet, Although in recent years the Southern European judicial systems have been subjected to several reforms – in some cases, imposed by the Troika and, in other cases, adopted under the influence exerted by Council of the European Union, Directorate-General for Competition, European Court of Human Rights and judicial networks, promoted by European Union and Council of Europe – many empirical evidences show that the quality of justice is still, on the overall, below the European standards. But if we change the scale of reference, we can see that many judicial offices of Southern Europe are “arenas of innovation”. However, one the one hand, the Southern European judicial systems struggle to implement the reforms promoted at the central level, and on the other hand, they have great difficulty in spreading the innovations, which often remain a sort of “local heritage”, intrinsically linked to the courts and their practitioners. All this represents a paradox that characterizes the Southern European judicial systems. This article wants to build an “ideal bridge” among sociology, political science and law, to analyse the paths of judicial innovation in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece. The paper is the result of a five-year empirical research and aims to promote an extended debate on the perverse and paradoxical effects of the continuous promotion of innovation, both in the judicial systems and in other sectors of the public administration.

Producción Científica, This paper aims at analysing the maintenance, preservation, and (re)interpretation of the urban heritage of the industrial city of Bilbao (Spain). Particular attention will be paid to the effects of globalisation at the end of the xx century in Bilbao’s, the relationship between proposals and completed actions put forward by Bilbao’s strategic plan (Partial Territorial Plan), and their urban and socio-economic impacts on the city starting from the beginning of the 1990s. This work focuses on three of the most emblematic actions which have been carried out thus far in the Ria river territory to consider end discuss the treatment of the historical memory of the industrial legacy: the Abandoibarra’s abandoned shipyards, the Ametzola railway station, and eventually the Galindo River estuary. En italiano: Questo contributo analizza la gestione e la (re) interpretazione del patrimonio urbano della città di Bilbao (Spagna) e gli effetti della globalizzazione alla fine del xx secolo nel suo ambito urbano. Sarà prestata particolare attenzione al rapporto tra le proposte e le azioni completate del piano strategico di Bilbao (Piano territoriale parziale) e i suoi impatti socio-economici e urbani sulla città a partire dall’inizio degli anni ’90. Il saggio si concentra su tre delle azioni più emblematiche portate a termine ad oggi nel territorio fluviale per dimostrare come è stato impostato il trattamento della memoria storica dell’eredità industriale: le trasformazioni dei cantieri navali abbandonati di Abandoibarra, della stazione ferroviaria di Ametzola e infine dell’estuario del fiume Galindo., European Joint Doctorate “urbanHIST”. European Union. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 721933.

The paper is a synthesis of the introductory relationships to the 2006 Conference of the Italian Marketing Association devoted to study marketing strategies of Italian mid-sized manufacturing companies. The paper debates main organizational and marketing competences and processes of Italian midsized companies supporting companies' growing positioning in the international markets.

The paper reports on a case study of a mid-sized mechanical company and its strategy of postioning on the international market. That company acts in business-to-business markets. The paper stresses the role played by the set of intra and inter-organizational relationships in supporting company's positioning.

This paper aims at presenting a discussion of the economic theory of road pricing, as a preliminary both of evaluations of applied schemes and of comparison with alternative policy instruments. Environment and road capacity are scarce resources: the citizen-consumer enjoys freedom of choice but users may not pay an efficient price, all the more so when user-generated negative externalities are taken into account. The social marginal cost of using road capacity is the sum of private costs paid by the user (fuel, depreciation, time) and of social costs paid by other users (congestion delays), public authorities (road maintenance) and society at large (pollution). Traffic congestion, and associated pollution, is a typical urban phenomenon: in fact, although private costs are higher in congested areas (cities) than in uncongested areas (countryside), diseconomies are relatively even higher, so that traffic (congestion, pollution) is in excess of what would be socially optimal. The typical theoretical answer is to 'internalise externalities': consumer still choose according to their willingness-to-pay, but bear a cost related to the diseconomies they generate. The attempt to make the private user pay for social costs is justified on social efficiency grounds, in so far as it discourages movements producing a private benefit lower than the sum of private and social costs. Although the impact of road pricing appears on the demand side, it may guide longer-term decisions on the supply side. Paper contents are as follows: road pricing theory is presented; criticisms to it are discussed; complementary effects of uses of road pricing revenue are evaluated.

L'articolo indaga un particolare aspetto dell'architettura barcellonese degli anni '40 e '60 del Novecento, ossia la configurazione planimetrica degli edifici residenziali delle case economiche o per il ceto medio. L'architettura barcellonese assunse per ragioni storiche legate alla resistenza contro il Franchismo una particolare identità soprattutto (ma non solo) linguistica ed espressiva. Dietro i linguaggi ci fu tuttavia una base tipologica forte, rappresentata da strutture formali, riconoscibili nei tipi planimetrici, la cui efficacia in termini di organizzazione dello spazio domestico permane tuttora a più di sessant'anni di distanza. Poiché gli architetti moderni ebbero scarse possibilità di intervenire sul tessuto urbano a causa del potere della speculazione collusa con la dittatura, le planimetrie degli edifici furono l'unica occasione concreta di instaurare un dialogo, seppur indiretto, con la morfologia della città., The paper deals with the planimetric arrangment of the residential buildings for the low income people and the middle class. This is a prominent feature of the 1940s and 1960s architecture in Barcelona. The latter got a specific identity as concerns expression and language due to historical reasons connected with resistance against Franchism. Behind languages there was a robust typological structure as well that lays in layout models whose effectiveness has been lasting more than sixty years later. In Barcelona due to the relationship between real estate speculation and dictatorship modernist architects did not have any chance to work on the urban fabric so that the apartments and planimetric layout of housing buildings were the only opportunity to set an (indirect) dialogue with the morphology of the city.

Questo contributo discute i risultati di indagini nordamericane sull’esposizione alla violenza domestica in infanzia (EDV) e l’evoluzione degli approcci con cui il problema è stato affrontato nei servizi a tutela dei bambini. L’analisi dell’esperienza in Nord America mostra come la raccolta sistematica di dati e la ricerca empirica abbiano avuto un ruolo fondamentale nell’evoluzione delle pratiche di intervento, nella decostruzione di assunti e pregiudizi diffusi nel lavoro sociale, e costituisca tuttora la guida per la programmazione e la valutazione degli interventi., This paper discusses the results of studies on children’s exposure to domestic violence (EDV) in North America, and how the child welfare system response to the issue has changed over time. The North American experience suggests how the systematic collection of data and empirical research have played a fundamental role in deconstructing stereotypes and guiding both policy makers and field workers in the attempt to tackle the problem.