127,604 results
Search Results
2. Performance enhancement of paper-based SERS chips by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
- Author
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Lianqing Zhu, Mingze Sun, Jinhong Guo, Xiaojia Liu, Binghan Li, Taotao Mu, Jiayin Chen, and Xing Ma
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Spectrum analyzer ,Fabrication ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Filter paper ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,symbols ,Sample collection ,0210 nano-technology ,Raman spectroscopy ,Raman scattering - Abstract
Paper-based flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chips have been demonstrated to have great potential for future practical applications in point-of-care testing (POCT) due to the potentials of massive fabrication, low cost, efficient sample collection and short signal acquisition time. In this work, common filter paper and Ag@SiO2core-shell nanoparticles (NP) have been utilized to fabricate SERS chips based on shell‐isolated nanoparticle‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS). The SERS performance of the chips for POCT applications was systematically investigated. We used crystal violet as the model molecule to study the influence of the size of the Ag core and the thickness of the SiO2coating layer on the SERS activity and then the morphology optimized Ag@SiO2core-shell NPs was employed to detect thiram. By utilizing the smartphone as a miniaturized Raman spectral analyzer, high SERS sensitivity of thiram with a detection limit of 10−9M was obtained. The study on the stability of the SERS chips shows that a SiO2shell of 3 nm can effectively protect the as-prepared SERS chips against oxidation in ambient atmosphere without seriously weakening the SERS sensitivity. Our results indicated that the SERS chips by SHINERS had great potential of practical application, such as pesticide residues detection in POCT.
- Published
- 2019
3. Novel nanostructure composite dielectric with high insulation performance: Silica-based nanometer-sized porous composite insulating paper reinforced by ceramic fibers
- Author
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Ze Yin, Chuang Li, Wenxia Sima, Jiahui He, Potao Sun, and Ming Yang
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Nanostructure ,Mechanical Engineering ,Composite number ,Metals and Alloys ,Electrical insulation paper ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Dielectric ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,Compatibility (mechanics) ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Materials Science ,Nanometre ,Ceramic ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Nano-dielectrics, which were discovered more than 20 years ago, were once considered as promising insulators. Adding or hybridizing inorganic oxides into polymer matrices inevitably results in poor compatibility between multiphase materials and thus results in limited breakdown strength improvement (generally lower than 20%). Therefore, we bypassed the traditional nano-doping method and proposed the direct construction of matrix materials on nanostructures, that is, a ceramic fiber-porous silica composite insulating paper. The breakdown strength of prepared dielectric was remarkably improved by 120.5%. To the best of our knowledge, such a high improvement in electrical performance has not been reported in previous studies.
- Published
- 2020
4. Environmental performance of end-of-life handling alternatives for paper-and-pulp-mill sludge: Using digestate as a source of energy or for biochar production
- Author
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Samieh Eskandari, Tommy Dalgaard, Ali Mohammadi, Stephen Joseph, Govindarajan Venkatesh, Karin Granström, and Maria Sandberg
- Subjects
Pulp mill ,020209 energy ,Ash ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,020401 chemical engineering ,Anaerobic digestion ,Biochar ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Forest soils ,0204 chemical engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Life-cycle assessment ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Pulp (paper) ,Building and Construction ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pollution ,General Energy ,Heavy metals ,Digestate ,engineering ,Environmental science - Abstract
This paper evaluates the environmental impacts of different alternatives for handling of sludge from paper and pulp mills in Sweden, using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The common practice of incineration of biosludge with energy recovery followed by landfilling of ash (System A) was compared with the alternative of digesting sludge anaerobically to produce biogas using different digestate residue management options. The digestate produced from anaerobic digestion (AD) was assumed to be incinerated for heat energy recovery in System B or pyrolyzed for biochar production in System C to be mixed with forest soils. The impact categories considered in this work are climate change, non-renewable energy use, mineral extraction, aquatic ecotoxicity, carcinogens and non-carcinogens. The LCA results demonstrate that the two proposed systems significantly reduce the environmental impacts of biosludge management relative to incineration. An 85% reduction in the aquatic ecotoxicity impact is achieved in System C, due to the reduced mobility of heavy metals in biochar relative to ash. System C, on the whole, outperformed the other two, leading the authors to the recommendation that the use of pulp and paper mill biosludge in biogas-biochar production systems is preferable to merely recovering energy from it.
- Published
- 2019
5. Industrial verification of energy saving for the single-tier cylinder based paper drying process
- Author
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Xiaobin Chen, Mengna Hong, Qifu Zheng, Yusha Hu, Jigeng Li, and Yi Man
- Subjects
Computer science ,020209 energy ,Industrial production ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Modeling and simulation ,020401 chemical engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0204 chemical engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Process engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Pulp (paper) ,Papermaking ,Paper mill ,Building and Construction ,Energy consumption ,Pollution ,General Energy ,Air temperature ,engineering ,business ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
The paper drying process has the highest level of energy consumption in the pulp and paper production process. Analysis and optimization of the energy system during the paper drying process is critical for improving the energy efficiency of the entire paper mill. In the existing model for the paper drying process, the solution requires accurate boundary conditions such as the air temperature and humidity of the pocket area and the cylinder surface temperature, which are very difficult to obtain in the papermaking process. This can result in significant deviations between the model solution and the actual production process. This paper focuses on the single-tier dryer cylinder-based paper drying process that has been widely used with high-speed papermaking machines in recent years. A mathematical model is proposed based on real-time data. The verification via industrial production demonstrates that the proposed model is reliable for the paper drying process. Based on the simulation results, two optimization operations have been proposed. The energy consumption decreases from 1.51 t steam/t paper to 1.44 t steam/t paper, 4.6% of the steam and 1.26 × 106 RMB can be saved for a medium-scale paper mill with the annual production capacity of 105 t paper.
- Published
- 2019
6. Flexible and disposable paper-based gas sensor using reduced graphene oxide/chitosan composite
- Author
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Lee Wonseok, Hyunjun Park, Dae Sung Yoon, Woong Kim, Jinsung Park, Joohyung Park, Gyudo Lee, and Sang Won Lee
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Composite number ,Metals and Alloys ,Oxide ,Exhaust gas ,Sudden infant death syndrome ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Nitrogen dioxide ,Adhesive ,Dispersion (chemistry) - Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a representative toxicant in air pollution that mostly arises from the exhaust gas released by automobiles. It is related to various respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and sudden infant death syndrome. Additionally, because the toxicity of nitrogen dioxide is high in overpopulated areas (i.e., a capital or metropolis), the development of simple, practical, and facile sensors is highly needed. This work presents a flexible and disposable paper-based NO2 sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide/chitosan (rGO/CS) composite. The synthesized rGO/CS composite can be easily flexed and deformed into various shapes, which are attributed to chitosan molecules that function as a dispersion and reduction agent and support material. In addition, this composite can be attached to paper owing to its adhesive property; hence it can be utilized in versatile applications in a disposable manner. By analyzing the conductive change of the rGO/CS composite when it reacts with NO2, we can detect nitrogen dioxide in a concentration range of 0–100 ppm with a detection limit of 1 ppm. Moreover, we performed NO2 detection in the exhaust gas released by automobiles using the rGO/CS composite for practical application. The results indicated that the rGO/CS composite has the potential to be used in feasible gas sensing as a facile and disposable sensor under various conditions.
- Published
- 2022
7. Screen printing fabricating patterned and customized full paper-based energy storage devices with excellent photothermal, self-healing, high energy density and good electromagnetic shielding performances
- Author
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Yonghao Ni, Qing Han, Li Mengrui, Chuanyin Xiong, Wei Zhao, and Lei Dai
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,02 engineering and technology ,Photothermal therapy ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Dip-coating ,Energy storage ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,Self-healing ,Screen printing ,Electromagnetic shielding ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Specific energy ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Supercapacitors are favored by researchers because of their high power density, especially with the acceleration of people's life rhythm. However, their energy density, especially from the point of view of the whole energy storage device, is far lower than that of commercial batteries. In this work, a kind of customizable full paper-based supercapacitor device with excellent self-healing ability is fabricated by simple and low-cost screen printing, electropolymerization and dip coating methods. The resultant separator-free supercapacitor device exhibits both ultrahigh gravimetric and areal specific energy (power) densities of 39 Wh kg−1 (69 kW kg−1) and 692 μWh cm−2 (236 mW cm−2), achieving excellent supercapacitor performance. Notably, the addition of vitrimers endows the whole device with outstanding self-healing properties, which is helpful for enhancing the adaptability of the device to the environment. In addition, this kind of paper-based device also displays good photothermal and electromagnetic shielding performances. These striking features make paper matrix composites attractive in the fields of supercapacitors, medical photothermal treatment and electromagnetic shielding.
- Published
- 2022
8. Cholesterol-aminoacid conjugates treated filter paper-based photoluminescence indicator for nitroaromatic chemicals
- Author
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Bedanta Gogoi, Bandita Kalita, and Neelotpal Sen Sarma
- Subjects
Detection limit ,Quenching (fluorescence) ,Fluorophore ,Filter paper ,Mechanical Engineering ,Picric acid ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Fluorescence ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Moiety ,General Materials Science ,Naked eye ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Selective detection of different explosive materials is essential to the current world scenario from the perspective of health, safety, and environment. Here, we have developed and characterized a couple of bio-based conjugated systems, viz. cholesterol-tryptophan and cholesterol-cysteine for the detection of nitroaromatic explosive chemicals. The presence of tryptophan moiety introduces fluorescence property to the non-fluorescence cholesterol backbone, and hence it was used as a tag molecule to prepare photoluminescent filter papers which serve as indicators for picric acid and dinitrosalicylic acid. These paper strips undergo instant quenching in the presence of the experimental analytes under the UV irradiation, which could be visualized through the naked eye. The amount of quenching is found to be proportional to the concentration of the analytes. The limit of detection for picric acid and dinitrosalicylic acid was estimated to be about 33 nM and 48.7 nM respectively, and the mechanism of this quenching is mainly due to fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the fluorophore and the quencher. Also, the vapor of picric acid completely diminishes the photoluminescence of the filter papers. Such an easy, selective and instant detection of nitroaromatic chemicals is in high demand due to increasing health and security concern worldwide.
- Published
- 2019
9. Layer-by-layer in situ growth flexible polyaniline/graphene paper wrapped by MnO2 nanoflowers for all-solid-state supercapacitor
- Author
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Yue Wu, Yaping Zhao, Wucong Wang, Ding Xiao, Ningning Song, and Huijun Tan
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Working electrode ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Layer by layer ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Cellulose fiber ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Nanofiber ,Polyaniline ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
Free-standing hierarchical polyaniline/graphene/MnO2 (PANI/G/MnO2) paper is well constructed using low-cost printing paper by a simple layer-by-layer in situ growth and vacuum filtration method. The PANI nanofiber was polymerized on cellulose fibers, and then the pristine graphene sheet was introduced to generate the polyaniline/graphene paper, whose surface was subsequently scattered with the formed MnO2 nanoflowers through oxidation of the cellulose fiber and graphene. The PANI/G/MnO2 paper possessing a mass loading of 11.75 mg cm−2 is of high flexibility and could serve as a working electrode without using any binder and conductive additives. The electrode shows a sizeable areal capacitance of 3.5 F cm-2 at 5 mA cm−2 and excellent cycling stability of 90% after 1000 bending cycles. All-solid-state supercapacitor assembled with the PANI/G/MnO2 paper exhibits a high energy density of 5.2 mW h cm-3 at 8.4 mW cm-3. Eight supercapacitors connected in series can light a green light-emitting diode of 3 V.
- Published
- 2019
10. Layer-opened graphene paper with carbon nanotubes as support in a flexible electrode material for supercapacitors
- Author
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Jie Yang, Changqing Miao, Lu Shi, Chen Gairong, Zhijun Zhang, Liujie Wang, Ma Zhihua, and Jingwei Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,law ,Specific surface area ,Materials Chemistry ,Graphene oxide paper ,Supercapacitor ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Dielectric spectroscopy ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,symbols ,0210 nano-technology ,Raman spectroscopy ,Carbon - Abstract
Graphene paper is a promising electrode material for use in flexible supercapacitors due to its good electronic conductivity and excellent mechanical characteristics. However, layers of graphene paper have a strong tendency to restack, resulting in a seriously reduced specific surface area and limited electrochemical performance. In this paper, restacked layers of graphene paper are reopened by a vacuum-assisted method, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are directly deposited on the enlarged space between the opened graphene layers. Consequently, an ordered carbon composite structure with alternately arranged graphene sheets and CNTs is constructed and exhibits increased specific surface area and a 3D conductive network. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption/desorption measurements. The electrochemical performance was tested by galvanostatic charge-discharge test (GDC), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammograms (CV). The obtained graphene/CNT paper exhibits a remarkably improved capacity of 170.8 F g−1, which is nearly two times higher than that obtained for a regular graphene paper.
- Published
- 2019
11. ZnO nanoparticles enhanced hydrophobicity for starch film and paper
- Author
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Hongqi Dai, Patrick M. Godwin, Shuzhen Ni, Huining Xiao, and Hui Zhang
- Subjects
Coated paper ,Materials science ,Starch ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Miscibility ,0104 chemical sciences ,Contact angle ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Starch solution ,Coating ,chemistry ,Zno nanoparticles ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Since hydrophobicity can improve the usability and functionality of materials in humid condition, enhancing the hydrophobic behavior of starch films or papers is of importance. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were introduced into the starch solution under ultrasonic and magnetic-stirring, followed by cast filming and paper coating. The contact angles of resulting film and coated paper containing 2% (wt) NPs were increased from 85.73° to 121.45°, 64.47° to 103.94°, respectively. The results from comprehensive characterizations confirmed the hierarchical structure created by ZnO nanoparticles on the surface of starch film as well as the formation of intact layers on coated paper. The excellent miscibility between starch and ZnO NPs was also achieved. The approach developed is promising and facilitates the hydrophobic modification of green-based materials.
- Published
- 2018
12. Flexible and freestanding catalase-Fe 3 O 4 /reduced graphene oxide paper: Enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensor applications
- Author
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Kader Dağcı Kıranşan, Mine Aksoy, and Ezgi Topçu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Dielectric spectroscopy ,symbols.namesake ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electrode ,symbols ,General Materials Science ,Cyclic voltammetry ,0210 nano-technology ,Spectroscopy ,Raman spectroscopy ,Graphene oxide paper ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
We proposed a new type of freestanding Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) (Cat) modified paper electrode based on Fe3O4 crystals decorated freestanding reduced graphene oxide (rGO) paper (Cat-Fe3O4/rGO) using a facile electrodeposition method. This enzyme modified paper electrode was used for the specific determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Structural, chemical, and morphological characterization of the Fe3O4 crystals formed on rGO paper was investigated by (i) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), (ii) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), (iii) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), (iv) X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), (v) Raman spectroscopy, (vi) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and (vii) cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The Cat enzyme was successfully adsorbed on the Fe3O4 nanocrystals surface which was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy. The Cat-Fe3O4/rGO paper electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic activity toward H2O2. It is found that Cat-Fe3O4/rGO paper electrode shows a wide linear range, high sensitivity, and a low detection limit for H2O2 detection.
- Published
- 2018
13. Interstate energy efficiency of Indian paper industry: A slack-based non-parametric approach
- Author
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Javed Ahmad Bhat, Salman Haider, and Bandi Kamaiah
- Subjects
020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,010501 environmental sciences ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,General Energy ,Order (exchange) ,Energy intensity ,Scale (social sciences) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Data envelopment analysis ,Economics ,Position (finance) ,Production (economics) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Inefficiency ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
This study aims at to make a heuristic analysis of energy efficiency performance of Indian paper industry in a non-parametric production theoretic approach. Using the data for 2004–05 to 2013–14, radial and non-radial variants of DEA were employed to estimate energy saving potential and identify the relative position of paper industry across the states. Preliminary analysis in terms of energy intensity scores showed declining trends of energy intensity over the period of analysis for most of the states except states like Assam, Chhattisgarh, Kerala and Punjab where it does not decline much. Assuming a variable returns to scale (VRS) technology under the conditions of inherent heterogeneity and market imperfection, the slack-based measure (SBM) reported a much higher energy saving potential than reported by other measures in the study. Further by taking scale efficiency into account, the study documented the higher contribution of pure energy inefficiency in explaining the total energy inefficiency within the paper industry relative to scale inefficiency. Finally, the study recommends the propagation of energy efficiency program through a market-based and regulatory mechanism along with consolidation and technological advancement of individual units, in order to tap vast energy saving potential and thereby ensure the growth and environmental sustainability.
- Published
- 2018
14. Characterization and impact of fiber size variability on the mechanical properties of fiber networks with an application to paper materials
- Author
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August Brandberg, Sofia Reyier Österling, Artem Kulachenko, and Ulrich Hirn
- Subjects
Paper ,Cellulose fiber ,Matches ,Shape and size ,Pulp ,Textile fibers ,Properties of fiber ,Micromechanical modelling ,Degrees of freedom (mechanics) ,Standardized methods ,Paper and paperboard ,Micro-mechanics ,General Materials Science ,Fiber sizes ,Cellulose ,Paper materials ,Materials ,Fiber networks ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Pappers-, massa- och fiberteknik ,Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Fibers ,Mechanics of Materials ,Modeling and Simulation ,Gaussian noise (electronic) ,Distribution functions ,Sheets - Abstract
Cellulose fibers come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The heterogeneity of the fiber length, width, wall thickness, curl and external fibrillation is detrimental to the mechanical performance of products such as paper and paperboard. Although micro-mechanical models of these materials sometimes incorporate features of this heterogeneity, so far there is no standardized method of fully incorporating this. We examine a large number of industrial mechanical fiber pulps to determine what information such a standardized method would have to have. We find that the method must allow for both non-Gaussian distributions and dependence between the variables. We present a method of characterizing mechanical pulp under these conditions that views the individual fiber as outcome of a sampling process from a multivariate distribution function. The method is generally applicable to any dataset, even a non-Gaussian one with dependencies. Using a micro-mechanical model of a paper sheet the proposed method is compared with previously presented methods to study whether incorporating both a varying fiber size and dependencies is necessary to match the response of a sheet modeled with measured characterization data. The results demonstrate that micro-mechanical models of paper and paperboard should not neglect the influence of the dependence between the characteristic shape features of the fibers if the model is meant to match physical experiments. © 2022 The Authors
- Published
- 2022
15. Investigation on novel desiccant wheel using wood pulp fiber paper with high coating ratio as matrix
- Author
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Tianshu Ge, Yuting Dai, X.N. Wu, and Ruzhu Wang
- Subjects
Desiccant ,Materials science ,020209 energy ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Thermal conductivity ,020401 chemical engineering ,Coating ,Desorption ,Specific surface area ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0204 chemical engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Silica gel ,Mechanical Engineering ,Pulp (paper) ,Building and Construction ,Pollution ,General Energy ,chemistry ,engineering - Abstract
A kind of wood pulp fiber paper (WPFP) was proposed as candidate for the matrix of desiccant wheel. Silica gel was coated on WPFP by impregnation method and the corresponding coating ratio was obtained and analyzed. Then the thermal conductivity, pore structure and adsorption/desorption performances of WPFP coated with silica gel were tested and analyzed. The results indicated that the WPFP has high coating ratio for silica gel due to its hydrophilic characteristic. The thermal conductivity of WPFP coated with silica gel after the first coating increases obviously compared with raw WPFP and reaches to 0.1292 W/(m⋅K). In addition, the WPFP coated with silica gel after the first coating has high specific surface area and its maximal adsorption quantity for water vapor can be 0.240 g/g. Finally, the DCOP of the desiccant wheel using WPFP as matrix obtained by numerical simulation can be 1.75 under the given working condition that the temperature of regeneration air is set as 90 °C and the inlet condition of process air is set as 34.3 °C and 56.2% RH. It is indicated that the desiccant wheel using WPFP as matrix can meet the requirement of air dehumidification and save energy by 7.35% simultaneously.
- Published
- 2019
16. Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic filter paper with high water adhesion
- Author
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Jing Fu, Zhiguang Guo, and Fuchao Yang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Nanostructure ,Fabrication ,Filter paper ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Adhesion ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Contact angle ,Adsorption ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,General Materials Science ,Wetting ,0210 nano-technology ,Diffractometer - Abstract
Filter paper (FP) with superhydrophobicity and high water adhesion was prepared by adsorption and simple immersion process. The surface morphologies displayed the micro-nano structure of FP. The surfaces composition was investigated by Fourier transform IR, X-ray photoelectron spectrum and X-ray diffractometer. The superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle of 153° benefited from the Fe(OH)3 nanostructure formed on FP and subsequent stearic acid (STA) modification. The as-prepared superhydrophobic surfaces could firmly pin the water droplet even when the surfaces turned upside down. The wettability properties of the FP surfaces could be repaired by immersing the damaged samples into the solution again.
- Published
- 2019
17. Free-standing MnO2/nitrogen-doped graphene paper hybrids as binder-free electrode for supercapacitor applications
- Author
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Zheng Liu, Xianqiang Feng, Aiping Hu, Yanhua Li, Xiaohua Ning, Guisen Chen, Qunli Tang, and Xiaohua Chen
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Aqueous solution ,Carbonization ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Oxide ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Capacitance ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electrode ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
Sandwich-type hybrid structure consisting of etched nitrogen-doped graphene paper (ENGP) and flower-like MnO2 are fabricated through a three-step method. The ENGP were synthesized by vacuum assisted flow-filtration of the dicyandiamide (DCD) and graphene oxide (GO) aqueous solution through filter membrane, followed by a carbonization process, and then by an electrochemical etching method to improve the surface active-sites and wettability. The MnO2 nanoflowers consisting of multiple thin MnO2 nanosheets were anchored on both side of ENGP by electrodeposition techniques. The optimized hybrid electrodes exhibited a high specific capacitance of 368.3 F/g at 0.2 A/g, and excellent cycling performance of 98.4% capacitance retention over 3000 cycles.
- Published
- 2018
18. Paper-Based Building Envelopes – Thermal and Environmental Properties of Original Envelope Designs
- Author
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Agata Jasiołek, Paweł Noszczyk, and Jerzy F. Łątka
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering ,Building and Construction ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
19. Graphene paper with electrodeposited NiCo2S4 nanoparticles as a novel flexible sensor for simultaneous detection of folic acid and ascorbic acid
- Author
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Elif Erçarıkcı, Zeriş Aksu, Ezgi Topçu, and Kader Dağcı Kıranşan
- Subjects
Materials science ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Oxide ,Nanoparticle ,General Chemistry ,Ascorbic acid ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Electrode ,Materials Chemistry ,symbols ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Raman spectroscopy ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
We studied the production and electrochemical performance of NiCo2S4 electrodeposited reduced graphene oxide (rGO) paper for use as a freestanding flexible electrode for the simultaneous determination of folic acid (FA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Production of rGO paper was achieved through vacuum filtration of the aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide, followed by chemical reduction in hydrogen iodide solution. NiCo2S4/rGO paper material was fabricated with a simple approach using electrodeposition of hydrothermal synthesized NiCo2S4 nanoparticles directly on rGO paper. The physicochemical properties of as-prepared flexible NiCo2S4/rGO paper were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction patterns. This freestanding paper electrode demonstrated high sensitivity, a wide linear range, and a low detection limit towards the simultaneous detection of FA and AA. NiCo2S4/rGO paper sensor, possessing easy preparation, low cost, and high flexibility, was tested in real samples with promising recoveries. This study exhibited that the approach of the electrodeposition of bimetallic sulfides on freestanding graphene paper substrates has great potential to develop high-performance flexible electrochemical sensors.
- Published
- 2022
20. Numerical and experimental studies on the characteristics of friction torque based on wet paper-based clutches
- Author
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Man Chen, Liang Yu, Jikai Liu, Liangjie Zheng, Biao Ma, and Heyan Li
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Paper based ,Mechanics ,Growth model ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Stability (probability) ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Heat transfer ,Torque ,Clutch ,0210 nano-technology ,Friction torque - Abstract
A coupled numerical multi-physics model is developed to study the generation and variation mechanisms of friction torque, including fluid lubricating, micro-contact, sliding and heat transfer among the friction components. The engagement experiment is conducted to verify the accuracy of numerical model and investigate the stability of friction torque. The results show that the most significant operating factor affecting the friction stability is the applied pressure, followed by the rotating speed and the ATF temperature. Simultaneously, the operating factors have great influence on the torque response, engagement time and temperature rise. Moreover, the growth model of friction torque can be divided into two categories: one is increasing linearly and the other is concave parabolic rising.
- Published
- 2019
21. Paper mill sludge biochar to enhance energy recovery from pyrolysis: A comprehensive evaluation and comparison
- Author
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William Kreutter, Zhongzhe Liu, Yiran Tong, Jizhi Zhou, Daniel Zitomer, Hugo Cortes Lopez, Matthew L. Hughes, Simcha L. Singer, and Patrick J. McNamara
- Subjects
Energy recovery ,Biosolids ,Chemistry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Building and Construction ,Pulp and paper industry ,Combustion ,Pollution ,Ethylbenzene ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,General Energy ,Corn stover ,Biochar ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Pyrolysis ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Bio-oil and pyrolysis gas (py-gas) are two pyrolysis products available for potential energy recovery. Crude bio-oil, however, is typically corrosive and unstable, requiring special combustion equipment or catalytic upgrading to produce drop-in-grade fuel. In contrast, py-gas is readily useable in standard equipment for energy recovery. Previous research revealed that Ca-impregnated biochar catalyst improved bio-oil to py-gas conversion. Biochar produced from paper mill sludge (p-sludge) has very high Ca content. In this study, the catalytic ability of p-sludge biochar was systematically evaluated for the first time in pyrolysis. P-sludge biochar resulted in higher py-gas yield (40 wt% of total pyrolysis products) and py-gas energy (8400 kJ of py-gas per biosolids pyrolyzed) than other biochar catalysts (e.g. wood and corn stover biochars) and mineral catalysts (e.g. calcined dolomite). Under some conditions (e.g. high temperature and catalyst loading), catalysis completely eliminated the nonaqueous phase condensate. A lower catalyst-to-feedstock ratio was required using p-sludge biochar compared to other biochars for similar performance. P-sludge biochar also had a longer catalyst lifetime based on the effectiveness over five reuse cycles. Bio-oil catalyzed by p-sludge biochar contained fewer organic constituents based on GC-MS and GC-FID analyses (e.g. toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, phenol, cresol, and indole were not identified after catalysis).
- Published
- 2022
22. MOFs-derived niobium oxide nanoparticles/carbon nanofiber hybrid paper as flexible binder-free electrode for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors
- Author
-
Md. Wasi Ahmad, Baban Dey, Asad Syed, Ali H. Bahkali, Meenakshi Verma, Duck-Joo Yang, and Arup Choudhury
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
23. A dual-responsive humidity sensitive-based cellulose paper: A fabrication of smart strip from sustainable nanoclay and graphite-beeswax composite
- Author
-
Abu Hannifa Abdullah, Wan Farhana W. Idris, Ainizar Mustapa, and Zulhelmi Ismail
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
24. Integrating process optimization with energy-efficiency scheduling to save energy for paper mills
- Author
-
Mengna Hong, Zeeman Li, Yi Man, Huanhuan Zhang, Zhiqiang Zeng, Huanbin Liu, and Jigeng Li
- Subjects
Job shop scheduling ,Computer science ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Scheduling (production processes) ,Particle swarm optimization ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,Tissue paper ,General Energy ,Manufacturing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Mill ,Process optimization ,Process engineering ,business ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
With the surging energy price and environmental concerns, measures to improve energy efficiency have attracted increasing concerns of the manufacture sector, especially energy-intensive manufacturing industries such as tissue paper mills. Energy-efficiency scheduling, as a novel energy-efficient method, has attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers in recent years. Drying process is the most energy-intensive production process in tissue paper mills, which has a great energy-saving potential. This paper aims to reduce the energy costs for the tissue paper mill, consisting of processing energy cost and set-up energy cost, through integrating drying process optimization with energy-efficient scheduling. First, the energy cost model and the scheduling model were built. Then, the energy cost of the drying process of every job in a given scheduling problem was optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Afterwards, the energy cost was further optimized using energy-efficiency scheduling. In addition, a hybrid non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was utilized to solve the energy-efficiency scheduling problem. Finally, several real scheduling problems from a real tissue paper mill were addressed using the proposed approach to demonstrate its effectiveness in energy saving. The experiment result showed that there is a great energy-saving potential in the drying process, accounting for up to 12.53% of the total energy consumption. Moreover, the maximum energy saving ratio of the proposed approach could reach 9.03%. On the whole, the proposed approach can provide a new energy-saving method for tissue paper mills or other manufacturing industries.
- Published
- 2018
25. Waste paper and macroalgae co-digestion effect on methane production
- Author
-
Abed Alaswad, Abdul Ghani Olabi, Cristina Rodriguez, and Zaki El-Hassan
- Subjects
Chemistry ,020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,Biodegradation ,Raw material ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Methane ,Anaerobic digestion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,General Energy ,Biofuel ,Bioenergy ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Particle size ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
The present study investigates the effect on methane production from waste paper when co-digested with macroalgal biomass. Both feedstocks were previously mechanically pretreated to reduce their particle size. The study was planned according two factors: the feedstock to inoculum (F/I) ratio and the waste paper to macroalgae (WP/MA) ratio. The F/I ratios checked were 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 and the WP/MA ratios were 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0. The highest methane yield (386 L kg−1 VSadded) was achieved at an F/I ratio of 0.2 and a WP/MA ratio of 50:50. A biodegradability index of 0.87 obtained in this study indicates complete conversion of feedstock at an optimum C/N ratio of 26. Synergistic effect was found for WP/MA 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 mixing ratios compared with the substrates mono-digestion.
- Published
- 2018
26. The synergy effect in tribological performance of paper-based composites by MWCNT and GNPs
- Author
-
Yue Liu, Tao Yin, Yewei Fu, Qiangang Fu, and Beibei Wang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Carbon nanotube ,Paper based ,Tribology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,law.invention ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Thermal conductivity ,Exfoliated graphite nano-platelets ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Specific surface area ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Thermal damage ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In order to improve the tribological performance of paper-based composites, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were introduced as lubricating fillers by paper making technique. Results showed that the thermal conductivity and tensile strength of composites increased by 47% and 51% respectively after adding MWCNT and GNPs, which is beneficial to reduce the thermal damage of composites and improve the mechanical properties of composites. Furthermore, the wear rate of modified composites greatly dropped from 3.59 × 10−14 m3 (N m)−1 to 1.24 × 10−14 m3 (N m)−1. The higher specific surface area of GNPs and the rod-like structure of the MWCNT play a positive role on the improvement of the tribological performance by forming friction film on the worn surface.
- Published
- 2018
27. Effects of firm characteristics and energy management for improving energy efficiency in the pulp and paper industry
- Author
-
Magnus Karlsson, Patrik Thollander, and Akvile Lawrence
- Subjects
Energy management ,Electricity price ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Building and Construction ,010501 environmental sciences ,Raw material ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Profit (economics) ,General Energy ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Specific energy ,Business ,Electricity ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
The Swedish pulp and paper industry (PPI) must increase energy efficiency to remain competitive on the global market, which has experienced entries from countries with cheaper energy and raw material supplies. Interactions among variables for energy use, production, energy management, electricity price and firm characteristics (FC), in different types of mills, i.e., pulp, paper and integrated mills, in Sweden from 2006 to 2015 indicate that correlations among the studied variables were different in different types of mills. This difference between types of mills seemed to originate partly from varying accessibility to production residue that could be used for energy. For all types of mills, variation of electricity prices did not correlate significantly with energy efficiency during the study period. The studied FC were firm's age, number of employees, number of companies in company group, net sales and profit for the year. Energy efficiency was more affected by the variables characterizing energy and production compared to the variables representing FC. This study also suggested presence of possible discrepancies between FC that were perceived as barriers to energy management towards energy efficiency, according to previous studies, and what was shown by the data combining variables representing energy use, production and FC.
- Published
- 2018
28. Ultrasoft and cuttable paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators for mechanical energy harvesting
- Author
-
Tae Whan Kima, Fushan Li, Jae Hyeon Park, Sihyun Sung, and Chaoxing Wu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Wind power ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Nanogenerator ,Mechanical engineering ,Electric generator ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Tissue paper ,Renewable energy ,law.invention ,law ,Sound energy ,General Materials Science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Triboelectric effect ,Mechanical energy - Abstract
When portability, low cost, and green energy requirements are considered, the search for an electricity generator harvesting environmental energy based on available cheap commercial materials and simple fabrication techniques becomes significantly important. In this study, the capability of ultrasoft and cuttable paper-based triboelectric nanogenerator (P-TENG) to harvest mechanical energy is demonstrated. The P-TENG maintains the excellent softness of tissue paper and has the characteristics of light weight (~ 87 g/m2), high electric conductivity (6 Ω/square), and low cost (~ $3.00/m2). More importantly, the P-TENG can be cut by the end-user to modify its size and shape and still function properly. The mechanical energies available during cleaning processes, the energy associated with the body's motion, sound energy, and wind energy can be directly harvested by using the P-TENG. The high portability of the P-TENG, the simple and scalable fabrication processes, low cost, and its ability to harvest mechanical energy make the P-TENG important for the development of green, portable, energy-harvesting devices.
- Published
- 2018
29. Advanced negative electrode of Fe 2 O 3 /graphene oxide paper for high energy supercapacitors
- Author
-
Shilei Xie, Si Liu, Feng Haobin, Min Zhang, Faliang Cheng, Shoushan Wang, Zheng Haibing, and Peng Liu
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron ,Hematite ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Capacitance ,Energy storage ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,visual_art ,Electrode ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Current density ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
The development of Fe 2 O 3 with high conductivity and energy density is crucial for practical utilizations of supercapacitors. Here, we demonstrated the preparation of novel Fe 2 O 3 /graphene oxide paper (Fe 2 O 3 /GP) hybrid electrode for high density supercapacitors. Due to the characteristic features of large surface areas and fast electron transportation, the specific areal capacitance of the Fe 2 O 3 /GP was around 3.08 F cm −2 at the charge-discharge current density of 5 mA cm −2 , which is nearly 14 times of the Fe 2 O 3 /carbon paper (Fe 2 O 3 /CP, 0.22 F cm −2 ). More importantly, the Fe 2 O 3 /GP hybrid electrode also retained about 95% of the initial capacitance after long-term cyclic process. These findings would help us to develop high effective and stable materials for energy storage devices.
- Published
- 2017
30. Paper-based electrospray emitters
- Author
-
Cheng Li, Xinyan Zhao, Weiwei Yang, and Weiwei Deng
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Atmospheric Science ,Electrospray ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Capillary action ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,Technical note ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Durability ,Multiplexing ,0104 chemical sciences ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Washburn's equation ,0210 nano-technology ,Porosity - Abstract
This technical note documents the use of paper as electrospray emitters. The porous structure of the paper automatically delivers the liquid by capillary effects without the need of a mechanical pump. The liquid flow rate can be approximately quantified using Washburn equation. Despite the limited durability, paper-based electrospray emitters exhibit unique features such as ease of multiplexing, self-regulated liquid supply without need of pumps, ultra-low cost, and versatility provided through origami.
- Published
- 2017
31. A novel Cu(OH)2 coated filter paper with superhydrophobicity for the efficient separation of water-in-oil emulsions
- Author
-
Chenyang Cao and Jiang Cheng
- Subjects
Materials science ,Nanostructure ,Filter paper ,Mechanical Engineering ,Emulsified oil ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Contact angle ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Emulsion ,General Materials Science ,Stearic acid ,0210 nano-technology ,Water in oil - Abstract
A novel filter paper (FP) with superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity was prepared via adsorption and immersion process for the separation of surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions. The realization of superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 153° benefits from the Cu(OH)2 nanostructure formed on FP and subsequent stearic acid (STA) modification. The three-dimensional network of FP as well as superhydrophobic and superoleophilic property can facilitate the demulsification of emulsified oil, thus the only gravity-driven separations of various water-in-oil emulsions with high oil flux and good recyclability have been achieved. The superhydrophobic FP can be massively applied in emulsion separation due to its facile preparation and superior performance.
- Published
- 2018
32. Flexible Mn3O4 nanosheet/reduced graphene oxide nanosheet paper-like electrodes for electrochemical energy storage and three-dimensional multilayers printing
- Author
-
Yunhui Shi, Jia Limin, Yan Zhang, Xinhua Xu, Qian Zhang, Lifang Zhang, and Wenjing Wang
- Subjects
Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Oxide ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Substrate (electronics) ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electrode ,Screen printing ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Graphene oxide paper ,Nanosheet - Abstract
Novel and flexible Mn3O4 nanosheets/reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (Mn3O4 NSs/rGO NSs) paper-like electrodes have been developed by a feasible method. The rGO works as a flexible substrate and an electron conductor. The synergetic effect of interconnected nanosheet structure can effectively depress self-agglomeration of rGO, which displays eminent conductivity. Moreover, the crumpled surface with more active sites are more convenient for the ion and electron insertion/desertion in the reversible reactions. So flexible Mn3O4 NSs/rGO NSs electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 409 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, superior cycling stability of 92% after 3000 charge-discharge cycles. More importantly, the composite material was first applied in 3D printing and screen printing of micro-patterns because of the desirable processability. It is anticipated that the high-performance Mn3O4 NSs/rGO NSs composites are a promising electrode material in printable energy storage and wearable electronic equipment.
- Published
- 2018
33. The effect of electron irradiation on the electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide paper
- Author
-
O. O. Voitsihovska, M.P. Rudenko, M. O. Stetsenko, I.B. Bychko, R.M. Rudenko, V.Y. Povarchuk, and A.A. Abakumov
- Subjects
Materials science ,Condensed matter physics ,Mechanical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Atmospheric temperature range ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Variable-range hopping ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,Electrical resistivity and conductivity ,Electron beam processing ,General Materials Science ,Charge carrier ,Electrical measurements ,Irradiation ,0210 nano-technology ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
Effect of 1 MeV electron irradiation with the dose up to 160 × 1015 cm−2 on the electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide paper (rGOP) was investigated in a temperature range of 8–300 K. It was found that rGOP has fairly high irradiation stability, but sufficiently high dose causes nonmonotonic changes in the resistivity. The effect of electron irradiation on the resistivity is more substantial under the low temperatures of electrical measurements. It was assumed that the modification of electrical properties is due to the effect of electron irradiation on the ensembles of the sp3-hybridized carbon atoms. It was shown that in the studied rGOP, the transport of charge carriers occurs by variable range hopping conductivity in the wide temperature range and conduction mechanism remains the same after electron irradiation.
- Published
- 2019
34. Biodegradable paper sensor detects spoiled food Carbon
- Author
-
Cordelia Sealy
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
35. Research on 110kV oil impregnated paper capac-itance graded transformer bushings based on the design principle of equal capacitance and steps
- Author
-
Cao Hao'en, Diao Junwei, Zhang Yu, and Ye Jianbin
- Subjects
Physics::Physics and Society ,Computer science ,Finite element software ,Computer Science::Neural and Evolutionary Computation ,Mechanical engineering ,Capacitance ,law.invention ,law ,Bushing ,Electric field ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,External connection ,Transformer ,General Environmental Science ,Voltage - Abstract
The oil impregnated paper capacitance graded transformer bushings serves as the external connection device of the transformer to support and connect the insulation, and its insulation state is related to the safe and stable operation of substation equipment.In this paper, a simulation model of 110kV oil impregnated paper capacitance graded transformer bushings is constructed on the commercial finite element software platform based on the actual size of the bushing and the principle of equal capacitance and steps. The paper calculate the potential and radial electric field distribution of the bushing under the normal working voltage, and analyze the influence of the aluminum plate on the radial electric field distribution of the bushing, verifying the rationality of the design principle based on equal capacitance and steps.
- Published
- 2021
36. Paper-based thermoelectric promises easy heat recovery
- Author
-
Cordelia Sealy
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanics of Materials ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Heat recovery ventilation ,Thermoelectric effect ,General Materials Science ,Paper based ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Process engineering ,business - Published
- 2021
37. Paper-based metasurface: Turning waste-paper into a solution for electromagnetic pollution
- Author
-
Zhongyang Wang, Peitao Xie, Yao Liu, Xueyan Fu, Zidong Zhang, Yuliang Jiang, Runhua Fan, Xiaowei Yin, Ke Bi, and Moaz Waqar
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Electromagnetic spectrum ,Computer science ,020209 energy ,Strategy and Management ,05 social sciences ,Physics::Optics ,Mechanical engineering ,Shields ,02 engineering and technology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Electromagnetic interference ,Electromagnetic shielding ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,050501 criminology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronics ,Scaling ,Energy (signal processing) ,0505 law ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Paper-based electronics offer a simple and cost-effective means to fabricate flexible devices. Here, we report an efficient pen-on-paper approach to construct metasurfaces on paper with silver units. Further, paper-based metasurfaces are employed to shield the electromagnetic interference which create new opportunities in turning waste paper into a solution for eliminating electromagnetic pollution. Experimental measurements and simulations show that waste paper-based metasurface manufactured in this way exhibits remarkable electromagnetic shielding properties with small thickness (thickness reduced more than 90% compared with that of traditional shielding materials), which makes it an ideal candidate for specific frequency electromagnetic filters. In addition, it can be readily extended to other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, widened the shielding band by simply scaling the silver units' sizes and utilizing appropriate three-dimensional structures. Having taken performance into consideration, production is also taken into account. Paper-based shields offer both economic and energy benefits when considered on electronic printing, in addition, environment friendly nature and pliability of paper as well as simple fabrication procedure make paper-based metasurfaces promising candidates for the future ‘green’ electronics.
- Published
- 2019
38. Mathematical modelling and energy performance assessment of air impingement drying systems for the production of tissue paper
- Author
-
Stefano Pecchia, Stefano Frigo, Paolo Di Marco, and Roberto Gabbrielli
- Subjects
Engineering ,Energy assessment ,020209 energy ,02 engineering and technology ,Air impingement ,Energy saving ,Paper drying modelling ,Tissue sheet drying ,Yankee hoods ,Pollution ,Energy (all) ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Tissue paper ,020401 chemical engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Production (economics) ,Extraction (military) ,0204 chemical engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Process engineering ,Simulation ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Electronic circuit ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Energy performance ,Paper production ,Process (computing) ,Building and Construction ,General Energy ,business ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
In this paper an original and exhaustive mathematical modelling of air impingement drying systems for the production of tissue paper in the Yankee-hoods configurations is reported, which offers the possibility to optimize its energy performance. The model takes into account many detailed operative parameters of the overall drying process with the aim to execute its energy and mass balance and to evaluate its energy performances. The validity of the mathematical model has been assessed by comparison with actual data from an existing tissue paper mill. Finally, the energy performances of two different layouts of the air system have been evaluated and compared. Changing the operative parameters of the drying process, such as air jet temperature and speed and moisture content of the extraction air, it is possible to obtain the same paper production with an energy saving of about 4.5%. In average, the layout with two parallel air circuits assure an energy saving of about 1% with respect to the layout with a single air circuit.
- Published
- 2016
39. Porous graphene paper for supercapacitor applications
- Author
-
Xinli Guo, Zhang Weijie, Litao Sun, Jian Chen, Zhang Hongyi, Yao Zhang, Zengmei Wang, Wang Xiaojuan, Li Zhao, Ge Chuang, and Qi Li
- Subjects
Horizontal scan rate ,Supercapacitor ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Graphene foam ,Metals and Alloys ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Conductivity ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Capacitance ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,Specific surface area ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,0210 nano-technology ,FOIL method ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
Graphene paper shows a great promise for the electrical energy storage. However, the high stability, purity and specific surface area have become stringent requirements for supercapacitor applications. Finding methods to tackle these problems is rather challenging. Here, we develop a facile method to prepare porous graphene papers with a thickness 0.5 mm by a thermal shock to the layer-structure graphene paper self-assembled on Cu foil under nitrogen flowing. The as-prepared porous graphene paper exhibits a large specific capacitance of 100 F g −1 at the scan rate of 100 mV s −1 with high stability and purity without any residual chemical reagents, showing a promising potential for supercapacitor applications. The high electrochemical properties are mainly attributed to the high-specific area and the improved conductivity of the porous graphene paper performed by the multieffect of reducing, cleaving and expanding to the layer-structure graphene paper by high-energy thermal heating during the thermal shock process. This work paves a pathway to the facile preparation of porous graphene paper for supercapacitor applications.
- Published
- 2017
40. Reduced graphene oxide paper as bimorphic electrical actuators
- Author
-
Ali Alsalme, Ramasamy Jayavel, D. Selvakumar, and Ahmad Al-Ghamdi
- Subjects
Materials science ,Fabrication ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Oxide ,Ionic bonding ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electrode ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Actuator ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) papers prepared by simple self-assembly process were used as electrode material for the fabrication of bimorphic electrical actuators. Initially, the structural studies of the rGO paper confirmed the formation of graphitic structure. The ionic gel electrolyte was prepared separately and used to couple the two rGO paper electrodes. This forms the tri-layered structure as an actuator, the displacement was measured by varying the applied potential with respect to time. The actuation properties were extended for both photon as well as electronic conducting gel electrolyte. The experimental results suggest that the flexible rGO paper can be used for electronic actuators.
- Published
- 2017
41. Paper-based cell culture platform and its emerging biomedical applications
- Author
-
Xiaohui Zhang, Zedong Li, Xin Zhao, Kar Wey Yong, Feng Xu, Yuhui Li, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Meng Shi, Kelvin Ng, Bin Gao, and Hui Yang
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Intervention studies ,Cell Microenvironment ,0104 chemical sciences ,3D cell culture ,Materials Science(all) ,Cell culture ,Mechanics of Materials ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biomedicine - Abstract
Paper has recently attracted increasing attention as a substrate for various biomedical applications. By modifying its physical and chemical properties, paper can be used as an alternative to conventional cell culture substrates. Because it can be stacked into a three-dimensional (3D) structure, which can better mimic the in vivo cell microenvironment. Paper has shown great potential as a 3D cell culture platform for developing normal and diseased models. This platform gives precise control over extracellular matrix (ECM) composition as well as cell distribution and precise analysis of the interactions between cells. Paper-based platforms have been applied for pathophysiological studies and therapeutic intervention studies. In this paper, we first discuss the modifications of the physical and chemical properties of paper to develop various 2D and 3D cell culture platforms. We then review the applications of paper-based cell culture platforms for the construction of in vitro disease models, drug screening, and cell cryopreservation applications. Because of its advantages such as biocompatibility, eco-friendliness, cost efficiency, and ease of large-scale production, we believe that paper-based cell culture platforms would play an important role in the fields of biomedicine.
- Published
- 2017
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42. Paper-type membraneless enzymatic biofuel cells using a new biocathode consisting of flexible buckypaper electrode and bilirubin oxidase based catalyst modified by electrografting
- Author
-
Seongjun Kim, Jungyeon Ji, and Yongchai Kwon
- Subjects
General Energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Building and Construction ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law - Published
- 2023
43. Overestimated carbon emission of the pulp and paper industry in China
- Author
-
Yi Man, Yukun Yan, Xu Wang, Jingzheng Ren, Qingang Xiong, and Zhenglei He
- Subjects
General Energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Building and Construction ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
44. Flexible and conductive Polypyrrole/Ag/cellulose paper bar with sensitive response to multiple stimulus of pH, mist, breath and finger press
- Author
-
Rongshuang Sun, Wenyan Zhang, Jing Zhang, Yingfeng Zhao, Huiwen Yuan, Hangmin guan, Chunlei Huang, Cong Ma, Jiyu Ge, Wenjie Tian, and Lingyun Hao
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
45. Addendum to 'Comments on the paper on vanadium based double perovskit Ba1.5Sr0.5FeVO6 by S. Bhattacharjee et al. ['Materials Science & Engineering' B 271, 115234 (2021)]'
- Author
-
Pawel Tomaszewski
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
46. Lattice-Controllable In-situ Synthesis of Co-Ni-Mixed Sulfide/Polypyrrole Nanostructures on Carbon Paper for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
- Author
-
Xuan Li, Wenjun Yan, Binbin Fan, and Zhongde Wang
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
47. Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of cogeneration energy hubs at Japanese paper mills with thermal energy storage
- Author
-
Ayumi Yamaki, Shoma Fujii, Yuichiro Kanematsu, and Yasunori Kikuchi
- Subjects
General Energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Building and Construction ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
48. Comments on the paper 'Influence of Ba-doping on the structural and physical properties of Sr2−Ba FeVO6 double perovskites'
- Author
-
Alexei A. Belik
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Metals and Alloys - Published
- 2023
49. Boronised electrodeposited nickel on carbon paper for the oxygen evolution reactions
- Author
-
Meng Li, Daoling Xiong, Wenxin Liu, Jinyuan Liu, Lianghong Dai, and Xuxian Xiao
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Condensed Matter Physics - Published
- 2023
50. Non-destructive quantitative analysis of nano-mechanics of aged Xuan paper
- Author
-
Jing Ma, Bin Tang, Xiangchao Pang, and Jian Feng
- Subjects
Archeology ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Computer science ,Atomic force microscopy ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Non destructive ,Nano ,Mechanical engineering ,Conservation ,Nanoindentation ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Xuan paper, also named rice paper, was invented in the Tang Dynasty around 700 AD. Due to its softness, flexibility, fine texture and excellent durability, Xuan paper has been one of the most carriers for a large number of extraordinary artworks since its invention. The mechanical properties of Xuan paper will be varied over time, which has a significant impact on its application and preservation. In this study, for the first time, we employed atomic force microscopy nanoindentation measurement, a simple and nondestructive technique to quantitatively analyze the nanomechanical properties of Xuan paper. Combined with other characterizations, the property of Xuan paper under different aging times was investigated. It is expected that our results should lead to a better understanding of Xuan Paper as ancient materials with superior properties. The current results should provide useful information on the identification and protection of paper-based artifacts.
- Published
- 2020
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