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As an important political resource of the enterprise, enterprise party building affects all aspects of the enterprise. Scientific and technological innovation is the key to the success of enterprises. This paper creates a new index to quantify the Party building of enterprises, and then discusses the influence of Party building on enterprise science and technology innovation. This paper first analyzes the central government's policy on enterprise party building through the LDA model, and then analyzes the central government's policy on enterprise party building from the perspectives of "study and education (E)," "problem orientation (Q)," "service to the public (S)," and "leadership demonstration (L)."We created a Party building dictionary with four themes: "E", "Q", "S", and "L", and then we measured the extent of corporate Party building activities by comparing the segmented text with the words in the dictionary. We found that Party building has a positive effect on science and technology innovation, both in general and in terms of sub-themes. The results of this study can help enterprises to further understand the importance and necessity of party building and provide a new way of thinking for the healthy development of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The first framework for estimating plastic litter from aquaculture was developed. • The framework was applied to a plastic load survey of oyster farming in the Maowei Sea. • The plastic load from aquaculture approximates the plastic input of a river. • This source-based approach to plastic litter evaluation is suitable for management. • This framework can be extended to other aquaculture patterns. Aquaculture provides livelihoods for hundreds of millions of people, but it also forms a significant source of plastic litter that poses a serious hazard to aquatic ecosystems. How to assess and subsequently manage plastic loads from aquaculture is a pending and pressing issue for aquaculture sustainability, and an important concern for water environment monitoring and management. In this study, we developed the first framework for estimating plastic litter from aquaculture by combining data from satellite remote sensing, drones, questionnaires, and in situ measurements. By acquiring multidimensional (human and nature) and multiscale (centimeter to basin scale) data, this framework helped us understand the aquaculture farming patterns and its spatial and temporal evolution, and thus estimate the plastic load it generates and suggest effective management approaches. Applying this framework, we assessed the marine plastic load from oyster floating raft farming in the Maowei Sea, a typical mariculture bay in China, with an increasing farming area. Approximately 3840 tons of plastic waste is expected to be discharged into the sea in the next four years (the average service life of a floating raft) without improvements in aquaculture waste management. Strengthening governance, timely plastic removal, innovative replacement, and transforming farmers' behavior patterns are recommended as the subsequent measures for plastic management. This framework can be extended to other regions and other aquaculture patterns, and is applicable to local, regional, and global aquaculture plastic litter assessments. It is a source-based method for evaluating plastic pollution that is more conducive to subsequent plastic management than traditional post-contamination environmental monitoring. In the context of the global expansion of mariculture and the global commitment to action to combat plastic pollution, this approach could play a critical role in the investigation and management of plastic waste in aquatic environments. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A numerical investigation is performed in the current study to illustrate the influences of exhaust angle of the integrated infrared suppressor on plume flow and helicopter infrared radiation, under the hover and cruise statuses. Three exhaust models are concerned, including the exhaust direction at 60°, 45°, and 18° angles to the horizontal plane. The results show that the heating effect of the exhaust plume on the fuselage is modified with the decrease of the exhaust angle. However, the decrease in exhaust angle will reduce the pumping coefficient of the mixing duct to some extent, resulting in an increase of exhaust temperature. For the model with an exhaust angle of 18°, three sets of comparative tests were designed. The results show that when there is no airflow outlet at the bottom of the fuselage, the surface temperature of the fuselage will increase significantly, and the position of the airflow outlet at the bottom of the fuselage also has a certain influence on the temperature field of the fuselage. On the horizontal detection plane, the infrared radiation intensity of the model with an exhaust angle of 60° and 45° is significantly lower than that with an exhaust angle of 18°. In the vertical detection plane, especially in the direction below the fuselage, the infrared radiation intensity of the model with an exhaust angle of 18° is the smallest. When compared to the hover status, the cruise status reduces the infrared radiation intensity somewhat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the Anthropocene, marine microplastic debris has been rapidly increasing and interacting with wildlife. As apex predators, cetaceans have been proven to be ideal sentinel species to indicate ecosystem changes and umbrella and flagship species to help develop environmental management strategies. Here, we report the presence of microplastics in the intestines of Sousa chinensis for the first time, which highlights the potential impacts of microplastic pollution in coastal environments. Microplastics were detected in the intestinal contents of both adult and calf individuals, indicating that consumption of prey and unintentional ingestion are the potential pathways for microplastic accumulation in Sousa chinensis. The properties of the microplastics indicated that fibers, white and blue items, 1–5 mm items, and polyester were the predominant shapes, colors, sizes and plastic materials, respectively. More microplastics were detected in the foreguts and midguts than in the hindguts, which may be correlated with the specific intestinal structure of Sousa. This study indicates that coastal delphinids might suffer from microplastic pollution, even young calves. The sample size in this study is limited, whereas it's a starting point for assessing microplastics in the endangered coastal delphinid, Sousa. We suggest that assessments of the risks of microplastic consumption by cetaceans and the presence of microplastics in their habitats should be conducted at a global scale. Moreover, further works should be done to look for evidence of adverse effects of microplastics pollution on cetaceans. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Microplastics were detected ingestion by the Sousa chinensis for the first time. • The calf individual was also detected with some microplastics. • Fibers, white and blue, 1–5 mm, and polyester dominated the microplastic properties. • More microplastics were detected in the foreguts and midguts than in the hindguts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]