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Cervico-vaginal agenesis is a developmental disorder classified as a Mullerian duct anomaly. We aimed to study the surgical outcomes of vaginoplasty and laparoscopic-assisted cervical-vaginoplasty carried out using our set-up from June 2016 to December 2022. Additionally, we measured the success of our modified laparoscopy-assisted neo-cervical creation. A retrospective study. The study was conducted in a tertiary care center and included all patients who underwent vaginoplasty and neo-cervico-vaginal creation using the rail-road method. A total of 33 patients were followed-up meticulously and their outcomes were noted. The study was retrospective and largely depended on patient compliance during follow-up. Of the 33 patients, 22 underwent vaginoplasty (McIndoe technique) and 11 underwent neo-cervico-vaginoplasty (rail-road method using both open and laparoscopic methods). The most common presentation was primary amenorrhea (cyclic abdominal pain with primary amenorrhea) and urinary retention. Four patients underwent hysteroscopy-guided hematometra drainage and none underwent hysterectomy. The average vaginal length measured during the follow-up was 5.2 ± 1.90 cm. Significant symptom relief was observed. Longest follow-up duration was 4.7 years with a mean duration of 210 (180) days. Although the procedure is strenuous, postoperative results showed satisfactory outcomes in improving the quality of life of patients. With expertise in the technique, the associated comorbidity is reduced, which provides relief for the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a catastrophic complication, which carries high mortality. We report a case of spontaneous rupture of HCC, diagnosis of which was considered on clinical presentation and confirmed on computed tomographic (CT) scan. On CT scan, characteristic ‘enucleation sign’ was observed on arterial phase imaging, where a hypervascular peripheral mass showing central necrosis was seen protruding from liver surface with discontinuity of hepatic parenchyma associated with high attenuation ascites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]