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Background: Current research lacks comprehensive investigation into the biomechanical changes in the spinal cord and nerve roots during scoliosis correction. This study employs finite element analysis to extensively explore these biomechanical variations across different Cobb angles, providing valuable insights for clinical treatment. Methods: A personalized finite element model, incorporating vertebrae, ligaments, spinal cord, and nerve roots, was constructed using engineering software. Forces and displacements were applied to achieve Cobb angle improvements, designating T1/2-T4/5 as the upper segment, T5/6-T8/9 as the middle segment, and T9/10-L1/2 as the lower segment. Simulations under traction, pushing, and traction + torsion conditions were conducted, and biomechanical changes in each spinal cord segment and nerve roots were analyzed. Results: Throughout the scoliosis correction process, the middle spinal cord segment consistently exhibited a risk of injury under various conditions and displacements. The lower spinal cord segment showed no significant injury changes under traction + torsion conditions. In the early correction phase, the upper spinal cord segment demonstrated a risk of injury under all conditions, and the lower spinal cord segment presented a risk of injury under pushing conditions. Traction conditions posed a risk of nerve injury on both sides in the middle and lower segments. Under pushing conditions, there was a risk of nerve injury on both sides in all segments. Traction + torsion conditions implicated a risk of injury to the right nerves in the upper segment, both sides in the middle segment, and the left side in the lower segment. In the later correction stage, there was a risk of injury to the upper spinal cord segment under traction + torsion conditions, the left nerves in the middle segment under traction conditions, and the right nerves in the upper segment under pushing conditions. Conclusion: When the correction rate reaches 61–68%, particular attention should be given to the upper-mid spinal cord. Pushing conditions also warrant attention to the lower spinal cord and the nerve roots on both sides of the main thoracic curve. Traction conditions require attention to nerve roots bilaterally in the middle and lower segments, while traction combined with torsion conditions necessitate focus on the right-side nerve roots in the upper segment, both sides in the middle segment, and the left-side nerve roots in the lower segment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Phosphorus is one of the most important macronutrients that is required for plant growth and development. However, stress under low-P conditions has become a limiting factor that affects crop yields and qualities. Plants have developed strategies to cope with this, while few genes associated with low-P tolerance have been identified in soybean., Results: Genome-wide analyses were performed on the roots and leaves of a low-P-tolerant accession and a low-P-sensitive accession which were identified by hydroponic experiments under different P treatments. Through comparative analyses on the differently expressed genes, we explored 42 common genes that were highly correlated to low-P stress. The functional classification of these genes revealed 24 Gene Ontology (GO) terms of biological process including response to oxidation reduction, hormone stimuli, and biotic and abiotic stimuli. Additionally, three common pathways were identified., Conclusions: These results could not only promote the work on the molecular regulation mechanism under low-P stress in soybean, but also facilitate the cultivation of high-phosphorus-acquisition and high-phosphorus-utilization soybean varieties.