10 results on '"Sumaila, U. Rashid"'
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2. WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies.
- Author
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Sumaila, U. Rashid, Skerritt, Daniel, Schuhbauer, Anna, Villasante, Sebastian, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres. M., Sinan, Hussain, and Burnside, Duncan
- Subjects
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FISHERIES , *SUBSIDIES , *OVERFISHING , *BIODIVERSITY , *CARBON dioxide , *MARKET prices - Abstract
The article calls on the World Trade Organization (WTO) to eliminate harmful fisheries subsidies to curb overfishing, biodiversity degradation and loss, and carbon dioxide emissions. Fisheries subsidies that cause harm include those that lower the cost of fuel and vessel construction, those that provide price support to keep market prices artificially high, and those provided to distant-water fishing fleets.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The economics of fishing the high seas.
- Author
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Sala, Enric, Mayorga, Juan, Costello, Christopher, Kroodsma, David, Palomares, Maria L. D., Pauly, Daniel, Sumaila, U. Rashid, and Zeller, Dirk
- Subjects
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FISHING -- Economic aspects , *FISHERY management , *FISHERY economics , *SUBSIDIES , *PROFITABILITY - Abstract
The article focuses on high-seas fishing effort, costs and benefits. It refers to the economic benefits of fishing the high seas at the scale of individual fleets, globally and nationally. It states that large government subsidies enables fishing at the current scale while patterns of fishing profitability vary widely between countries.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Science-based management in decline in the Southern Ocean.
- Author
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Brooks, Cassandra M., Crowder, Larry B., Curran, Lisa M., Dunbar, Robert B., Ainley, David G., Dodds, Klaus J., Gjerde, Kristina M., and Sumaila, U. Rashid
- Subjects
- *
MARINE resources conservation , *MARINE parks & reserves , *ANTARCTIC Treaty system , *MARINE ecology ,ANTARCTIC environmental conditions - Abstract
The article discusses the decline in science-based management in the Southern Ocean. Topics include the commitment by the Commission on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) to adopting marine protected areas (MPAs) in Antarctica, the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CAMLR Convetion) which is a division of the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), and the recommendations for CCAMLR on upholding its leadership status in resource management.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Marine high temperature extremes amplify the impacts of climate change on fish and fisheries.
- Author
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Cheung WWL, Frölicher TL, Lam VWY, Oyinlola MA, Reygondeau G, Sumaila UR, Tai TC, Teh LCL, and Wabnitz CCC
- Abstract
Extreme temperature events have occurred in all ocean basins in the past two decades with detrimental impacts on marine biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services. However, global impacts of temperature extremes on fish stocks, fisheries, and dependent people have not been quantified. Using an integrated climate-biodiversity-fisheries-economic impact model, we project that, on average, when an annual high temperature extreme occurs in an exclusive economic zone, 77% of exploited fishes and invertebrates therein will decrease in biomass while maximum catch potential will drop by 6%, adding to the decadal-scale mean impacts under climate change. The net negative impacts of high temperature extremes on fish stocks are projected to cause losses in fisheries revenues and livelihoods in most maritime countries, creating shocks to fisheries social-ecological systems particularly in climate-vulnerable areas. Our study highlights the need for rapid adaptation responses to extreme temperatures in addition to carbon mitigation to support sustainable ocean development.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evaluating scenarios toward zero plastic pollution.
- Author
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Lau WWY, Shiran Y, Bailey RM, Cook E, Stuchtey MR, Koskella J, Velis CA, Godfrey L, Boucher J, Murphy MB, Thompson RC, Jankowska E, Castillo Castillo A, Pilditch TD, Dixon B, Koerselman L, Kosior E, Favoino E, Gutberlet J, Baulch S, Atreya ME, Fischer D, He KK, Petit MM, Sumaila UR, Neil E, Bernhofen MV, Lawrence K, and Palardy JE
- Subjects
- Models, Theoretical, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Pollution prevention & control, Plastics, Recycling
- Abstract
Plastic pollution is a pervasive and growing problem. To estimate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce plastic pollution, we modeled stocks and flows of municipal solid waste and four sources of microplastics through the global plastic system for five scenarios between 2016 and 2040. Implementing all feasible interventions reduced plastic pollution by 40% from 2016 rates and 78% relative to "business as usual" in 2040. Even with immediate and concerted action, 710 million metric tons of plastic waste cumulatively entered aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. To avoid a massive build-up of plastic in the environment, coordinated global action is urgently needed to reduce plastic consumption; increase rates of reuse, waste collection, and recycling; expand safe disposal systems; and accelerate innovation in the plastic value chain., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Meeting fisheries, ecosystem function, and biodiversity goals in a human-dominated world.
- Author
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Cinner JE, Zamborain-Mason J, Gurney GG, Graham NAJ, MacNeil MA, Hoey AS, Mora C, Villéger S, Maire E, McClanahan TR, Maina JM, Kittinger JN, Hicks CC, D'agata S, Huchery C, Barnes ML, Feary DA, Williams ID, Kulbicki M, Vigliola L, Wantiez L, Edgar GJ, Stuart-Smith RD, Sandin SA, Green AL, Beger M, Friedlander AM, Wilson SK, Brokovich E, Brooks AJ, Cruz-Motta JJ, Booth DJ, Chabanet P, Tupper M, Ferse SCA, Sumaila UR, Hardt MJ, and Mouillot D
- Subjects
- Animals, Fishes, Goals, Human Activities, Humans, Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources, Coral Reefs, Fisheries
- Abstract
The worldwide decline of coral reefs necessitates targeting management solutions that can sustain reefs and the livelihoods of the people who depend on them. However, little is known about the context in which different reef management tools can help to achieve multiple social and ecological goals. Because of nonlinearities in the likelihood of achieving combined fisheries, ecological function, and biodiversity goals along a gradient of human pressure, relatively small changes in the context in which management is implemented could have substantial impacts on whether these goals are likely to be met. Critically, management can provide substantial conservation benefits to most reefs for fisheries and ecological function, but not biodiversity goals, given their degraded state and the levels of human pressure they face., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Escaping the perfect storm of simultaneous climate change impacts on agriculture and marine fisheries.
- Author
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Thiault L, Mora C, Cinner JE, Cheung WWL, Graham NAJ, Januchowski-Hartley FA, Mouillot D, Sumaila UR, and Claudet J
- Subjects
- Acclimatization, Agriculture economics, Climate Change, Developing Countries economics, Fisheries economics, Food Supply economics
- Abstract
Climate change can alter conditions that sustain food production and availability, with cascading consequences for food security and global economies. Here, we evaluate the vulnerability of societies to the simultaneous impacts of climate change on agriculture and marine fisheries at a global scale. Under a "business-as-usual" emission scenario, ~90% of the world's population-most of whom live in the most sensitive and least developed countries-are projected to be exposed to losses of food production in both sectors, while less than 3% would live in regions experiencing simultaneous productivity gains by 2100. Under a strong mitigation scenario comparable to achieving the Paris Agreement, most countries-including the most vulnerable and many of the largest CO
2 producers-would experience concomitant net gains in agriculture and fisheries production. Reducing societies' vulnerability to future climate impacts requires prompt mitigation actions led by major CO2 emitters coupled with strategic adaptation within and across sectors., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Benefits of the Paris Agreement to ocean life, economies, and people.
- Author
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Sumaila UR, Tai TC, Lam VWY, Cheung WWL, Bailey M, Cisneros-Montemayor AM, Chen OL, and Gulati SS
- Subjects
- Animals, Climate Change, Ecology, Ecosystem, Humans, Oceans and Seas, Aquatic Organisms, Conservation of Natural Resources economics, Models, Economic
- Abstract
The Paris Agreement aims to mitigate the potential impacts of climate change on ecological and social systems. Using an ensemble of climate-marine ecosystem and economic models, we explore the effects of implementing the Agreement on fish, fishers, and seafood consumers worldwide. We find that implementing the Agreement could protect millions of metric tons in annual worldwide catch of top revenue-generating fish species, as well as billions of dollars annually of fishers' revenues, seafood workers' income, and household seafood expenditure. Further, our analysis predicts that 75% of maritime countries would benefit from this protection, and that ~90% of this protected catch would occur within the territorial waters of developing countries. Thus, implementing the Paris Agreement could prove to be crucial for the future of the world's ocean ecosystems and economies.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. A mid-term analysis of progress toward international biodiversity targets.
- Author
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Tittensor DP, Walpole M, Hill SL, Boyce DG, Britten GL, Burgess ND, Butchart SH, Leadley PW, Regan EC, Alkemade R, Baumung R, Bellard C, Bouwman L, Bowles-Newark NJ, Chenery AM, Cheung WW, Christensen V, Cooper HD, Crowther AR, Dixon MJ, Galli A, Gaveau V, Gregory RD, Gutierrez NL, Hirsch TL, Höft R, Januchowski-Hartley SR, Karmann M, Krug CB, Leverington FJ, Loh J, Lojenga RK, Malsch K, Marques A, Morgan DH, Mumby PJ, Newbold T, Noonan-Mooney K, Pagad SN, Parks BC, Pereira HM, Robertson T, Rondinini C, Santini L, Scharlemann JP, Schindler S, Sumaila UR, Teh LS, van Kolck J, Visconti P, and Ye Y
- Subjects
- Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources, Extinction, Biological
- Abstract
In 2010, the international community, under the auspices of the Convention on Biological Diversity, agreed on 20 biodiversity-related "Aichi Targets" to be achieved within a decade. We provide a comprehensive mid-term assessment of progress toward these global targets using 55 indicator data sets. We projected indicator trends to 2020 using an adaptive statistical framework that incorporated the specific properties of individual time series. On current trajectories, results suggest that despite accelerating policy and management responses to the biodiversity crisis, the impacts of these efforts are unlikely to be reflected in improved trends in the state of biodiversity by 2020. We highlight areas of societal endeavor requiring additional efforts to achieve the Aichi Targets, and provide a baseline against which to assess future progress., (Copyright © 2014, American Association for the Advancement of Science.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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