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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arthroskopie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arthroskopie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arthroskopie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arthroskopie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the problem of hallucinations in four scientific articles generated by ChatGPT-4 from various sub-fields of business administration. Specifically, the aim is to check whether the references generated by ChatGPT exist and, if this is the case, whether they are correct. A first surprising result is that nearly 40 Prozent of the 174 sources referenced in the articles, whose bibliographic details were listed after the individual main chapters, were not included in the specially for each article generated bibliography. A check of the bibliographic entries revealed that between 18 % and 100 % of the sources in the individual articles could not be found with Google Scholar. Furthermore, half of the sources found were incorrect to varying degrees (wrong document type, wrong journal name, wrong page reference). On average, only a quarter of the bibliographic references were completely correct. In Web of Science, only a quarter of the sources could be verified, but most of them were correct. The above results show that ChatGPT-4 – besides ethical and legal concerns – should definitely not be used for writing scientific papers, as a large proportion of the references generated by ChatGPT (valid at the time of writing this paper) does not exist or is partially incorrect. Furthermore, it can be assumed that some of the article texts generated are also "invented" or come from unreferenced sources (plagiarism). Texts generated by ChatGPT must therefore be subject to a comprehensive review, which may not always be easy. The authors therefore agree with the recommendation of Gimpel et al. (2023) that ChatGPT should primarily be used as a supplement to writing (e. g., spell-checking, creating summaries, supporting the generation of ideas). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Deutsche Schule is the property of Waxmann Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Deutsche Schule is the property of Waxmann Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After Evangelos Christou (1923–1956) studied philosophy at King's College, Cambridge, with Wittgenstein and others, he earned a doctorate at the Jung Institute in Zürich. He then returned home to Alexandria, near which he died in a car crash. The Logos of the Soul, published posthumously, argued for a psychology that would be neither a natural scientific psychology, devoted to causal analyses, nor a philosophical discipline that analysed mental events. Psychology would be an autonomous science of the soul, an unknown distinct from body and mind. Science deals with bodies and behaviours; philosophy with the mental concepts and acts. Psychology deals with "psychological experience". Dreams and fantasies can be sources of psychological experience, but so can perceptual acts and mental acts. Meaning occurs when something encounters an ego or self in a psychological experience. Observation in psychology is participant observation, akin to witnessing of a drama. Psychological methods, such as psychotherapy, are both means of discovery and means of becoming. Christou's work brought together Jung's analytical psychology and mid‐century British philosophy in order to stake out the ground for psychology that would be an empirical analysis of psychological experience and a logical analysis of the concepts used in that psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perspektive Mediation is the property of Verlag Oesterreich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In a recently published essay on planning theory, Benjamin Davy, Meike Levin-Keitel and Franziska Sielker observe a "brutal plurality of truths" that complicates spatial planning. In particular, they ask how planners can deal with this. Against the backdrop of the climate and biodiversity crisis, the commentary takes this essay as an opportunity to take a critical look at themultiplicity of truths postulated by postmodernism and the correspondingly stretched concept of knowledge. Above all, it points out the great importance of the pursuit of truth (in the singular) for society. Moreover, it emphasises the danger of making inter- and transdisciplinary research more difficult, of depreciating science and of increasing the distance between science and the centre of society. The commentary pleads for a faster, stronger focus on the very big challenges of our time, for which a pragmatic orientation towards truth and what unites society is indispensable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sozial ausgehandelte Interaktionsordnungen bestimmen wesentlich den Ablauf sozialer Situationen. Bei Begutachtungen mit Vor-Ort-Begehungen existieren unterschiedliche soziale Situationen, welche in ihrer Gesamtheit dazu beitragen, formal korrekte und vertretbare Entscheidungen zu produzieren. Doch wie gestalten sich die Interaktionen, wenn Begutachtungsverfahren in die Virtualität überführt werden? Welche Folgen ergeben sich für den Begutachtungsprozess? Anhand von qualitativen Leitfadeninterviews wird die Bedeutung der sozialen Situationen und der ihnen inhärenten Interaktionsordnungen für die Beteiligten von Begutachtungen im präsenten sowie im virtuellen Format anhand zweier Förderprogramme der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass virtuelle Sitzungen die Interaktionsmöglichkeiten unter allen Beteiligten einschränken. Problematisch ist im Besonderen, dass Situationen mit einer situativ geregelten Interaktionsordnung fehlen, denn laut der Beteiligten sind sie essentiell dafür, dass Begutachtungsprozesse reibungslos und so ablaufen, dass alle relevanten Aspekte einbezogen werden können. Socially negotiated orders of interaction essentially determine the flow of social situations. In reviews with on-site audits, different social situations exist, which in sum contribute to the production of formally correct and justifiable decisions. But how are the interactions shaped when review procedures are transferred to virtuality? What are the consequences for the review process? Using qualitative interviews, the significance of social situations and their inherent orders of interaction for those involved in peer review in both the present and virtual formats is investigated based on two funding programs of the German Research Foundation (DFG). The results show that virtual meetings limit the possibilities for interaction among all participants. In particular, it is problematic that situations with a situationally regulated interaction order are missing, because according to the participants, they are essential for review processes to run smoothly and in such a way that all relevant aspects can be included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Warum sie für Universität, Gesellschaft und den mündigen Menschen wichtig ist, kann die Theologie gut begründen und greift dabei auf soziologische, philosophische, kulturanthropologische, historische, psychologische und bildungstheoretische Hintergründe zurück. Gleichwohl hat sich die Wirkung solcher Begründungsskizzen als sehr kurzreichweitig erwiesen. Das Erklären nach außen hin, warum Theologie wichtig ist, führt nicht dazu, dass Rektorate oder gesellschaftliche Akteure besorgt sind bezüglich eines Rückbaus der Theologie an Universitäten. Auch der Rückgang der Zahl der Studieninteressierten bleibt davon unberührt. Offenkundig ist das Problem nicht in der theoretischen Selbstmodellierung des Faches zu suchen, vielmehr wird die Theologie als Wissenschaft nicht so erlebt, wie es ihre Wissenschaftstheorie und ihre gesellschaftliche Selbstbegründung erwarten ließen.Daher ist es notwendig, einen Blick auf die Wahrnehmung von Theologie in der Gesellschaft zu werfen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass unterbestimmt ist, wer „Religion“ im öffentlichen Diskurs repräsentiert: Welche Rolle kommt dabei Kirche, Theologie und erkennbar religiösen Personen zu? Umgekehrt ist zu fragen, wie die Theologie dieses „Außen“ des öffentlichen Diskurses wahrnimmt und wie sie ihre eigene(n) Rolle(n) darin professionell ausgestaltet. Mit dieser Verhältnisbestimmung von Außen- und Innensicht lassen sich Bedarfe ausmachen, von denen die Zukunft der Theologie an staatlichen Universitäten abhängt, und Wirkfaktoren identifizieren, um diese Bedarfe zu beeinflussen.

Die Bayerische Staatsbibliothek bietet als größte deutsche Universalbibliothek für die Forschung ein umfangreiches, diverses Angebot von physischen und digitalen Medien, das nicht nur ein Universum an Texten durch verschiedene Möglichkeiten zugänglich macht, sondern in den letzten Jahren auch erweitert wurde durch umfangreiche Foto-Archive wie die des Magazins stern. Neben der Transformation der Sammlungen in den digitalen Raum werden die digitalen Bestände mit verschiedenen Services und innovativen Tools wie IIIF, OCR und Bildähnlichkeitssuche verfügbar gemacht, wobei bei der Wahl der Anwendungen die internationale Anschlussfähigkeit Beachtung findet. Ein besonders enger Konnex mit der Forschung zeichnet sich durch die Einbindung der Bibliothek in die entstehende Nationale Dateninfrastruktur, insbesondere im Rahmen von NFDI4Memory, ab. Die Forschung erhält somit Zugriff auf eine technische Infrastruktur mit offenen Zugängen, nach Standards erschlossenen umfangreichen digitalen Text- und Bildbeständen, die zudem nachhaltig und dauerhaft kuratiert werden. As Germany's largest universal library for research, the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek offers an extensive, diverse range of physical and digital media that not only makes a universe of texts accessible through various options but has also been expanded in recent years to include extensive photo archives such as those of stern magazine. In addition to transforming the collections into the digital space, the digital collections are made available through various services and innovative tools such as IIIF, OCR, and image similarity search, with international connectivity being considered in the choice of applications. A particularly close connection with research is emerging through the library's integration into the emerging National Data Infrastructure, especially in the context of NFDI4Memory. Research will thus have access to a technical infrastructure with open access, extensive digital text and image holdings indexed according to standards, which will also be curated sustainably and permanently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)