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Shaping thermoplastic sheets into three-dimensional products is challenging since overheating results in failed manufactured parts and wasted material. To this end, we propose an indirect data-driven predictive control approach using Model Predictive Control (MPC) capable of handling temperature constraints and heating-power saturation while delivering enhanced precision, overshoot control, and settling times compared to state-of-the-art methods. We employ a Non-linear Auto-Regressive with Exogenous inputs (NARX) model to define a linear control-oriented model at each operating point. Using a high-fidelity simulator, several simulation studies have been conducted to evaluate the proposed method's robustness and performance under parametric uncertainty, indicating overshoot and average steady-state error less than $2^\circ \mathrm{C}$ and $0.7^\circ \mathrm{C}$ ($7^\circ \mathrm{C}$ and $2^\circ \mathrm{C}$) for the nominal (worst-case) scenario. Finally, we applied the proposed method to a lab-scale thermoforming platform, resulting in a close response to the simulation analysis with overshoot and average steady-state error metrics less than $5.3^\circ \mathrm{C}$ and $1^\circ \mathrm{C}$, respectively.

In response to safety concerns associated with learning-based algorithms, safety filters have been proposed as a modular technique. Generally, these filters heavily rely on the system's model, which is contradictory if they are intended to enhance a data-driven or end-to-end learning solution. This paper extends our previous work, a purely Data-Driven Safety Filter (DDSF) based on Willems' lemma, to an extremely short-sighted and non-conservative solution. Specifically, we propose online and offline sample-based methods to expand the safe set of DDSF and reduce its conservatism. Since this method is defined in an input-output framework, it can systematically handle both unknown and time-delay LTI systems using only one single batch of data. To evaluate its performance, we apply the proposed method to a time-delay system under various settings. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the set expansion algorithm in generating a notably large input-output safe set, resulting in safety filters that are not conservative, even with an extremely short prediction horizon.

Nowadays, many control systems are networked and embed communication and computation capabilities. Such control architectures are prone to cyber attacks on the cyberinfrastructure. Consequently, there is an impellent need to develop solutions to preserve the plant's safety against potential attacks. To ensure safety, this paper introduces a modular safety filter approach that is effective for a variety of cyber-attack types. This solution can be implemented in combination with existing control and detection algorithms, effectively separating safety from performance. The safety filter does not require information on the reliability of the received command or the feature of the used anomaly detector. It can be implemented in conjunction with high-performance, resilient controllers, to achieve both high performance during normal operation and safety during an attack. As an illustrative example, we have shown the effectiveness of the proposed design considering a multi-agent formation task involving 20 mobile robots. The simulation results testify that the safety filter operates effectively during false data injection and intelligent attacks.

Implementation of learning-based control remains challenging due to the absence of safety guarantees. Safe control methods have turned to model-based safety filters to address these challenges, but this is paradoxical when the ultimate goal is a model-free, data-driven control solution. Addressing the core question of "Can we ensure the safety of any learning-based algorithm without explicit prediction models and state estimation?" this paper proposes a Data-Driven Safety Filter (DDSF) grounded in Behavioral System Theory (BST). The proposed method needs only a single system trajectory available in an offline dataset to modify unsafe learning inputs to safe inputs. This contribution addresses safe control in the input-output framework and therefore does not require full state measurements or explicit state estimation. Since no explicit model is required, the proposed safe control solution is not affected by unmodeled dynamics and unstructured uncertainty and can provide a safe solution for systems with unknown time delays. The effectiveness of the proposed DDSF is illustrated in simulation for a high-order six-degree-of-freedom aerial robot and a time-delay adaptive cruise control system.