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Background: Investment in mobile devices to support primary or elementary education is increasing and must be informed by robust evidence to demonstrate impact. This systematic review of randomised controlled trials sought to identify the overall impact of mobile devices to support literacy and numeracy outcomes in mainstream primary classrooms. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to understand how mobile devices are used in primary/elementary education around the world, and in particular, determine how activities undertaken using mobile devices in the primary classroom might impact literacy and numeracy attainment for the pupils involved. Within this context, mobile devices are defined as tablets (including iPads and other branded devices), smartphones (usually those with a touchscreen interface and internet connectivity) and handheld games consoles (again usually with touchscreen and internet‐enabled). The interventions of interest were those aimed at improving literacy and/or numeracy for children aged 4–12 within the primary/elementary school (or equivalent) classroom. Specifically, the review aimed to answer the following research questions: ‐What is the effect of mobile device integration in the primary school classroom on children's literacy and numeracy outcomes?‐Are there specific devices which are more effective in supporting literacy and numeracy? (Tablets, smartphones, or handheld games consoles)‐Are there specific classroom integration activities which moderate effectiveness in supporting literacy and numeracy?‐Are there specific groups of children for whom mobile devices are more effective in supporting literacy and numeracy? (Across age group and gender).‐Do the benefits of mobile devices for learning last for any time beyond the study?‐What is the quality of available evidence on the use of mobile devices in primary/elementary education, and where is further research needed in this regard? An Expert Advisory Group supported the review process at key stages to ensure relevance to current practice. Search Methods: The search strategy was designed to retrieve both published and unpublished literature, and incorporated relevant journal and other databases with a focus on education and social sciences. Robust electronic database searches were undertaken (12 databases, including APA PsychInfo, Web of Science, ERIC, British Education Index and others, and relevant government and other websites), as well as a hand‐search of relevant journals and conference proceedings. Contact was also made with prominent authors in the field to identify any ongoing or unpublished research. All searches and author contact took place between October and November 2020. The review team acknowledges that new studies will likely have emerged since and are not captured at this time. A further update to the review in the future is important and would build on the evidence reflected here. Selection Criteria: The review included children within mainstream primary/elementary/kindergarten education settings in any country (aged 4–12), and interventions or activities initiated within the primary school classroom (or global equivalent) that used mobile devices (including tablets, smartphones, or hand‐held gaming devices) to intentionally support literacy or numeracy learning. In terms of study design, only Randomised Controlled Trials were included in the review. Data Collection and Analysis: A total of 668 references were identified through a robust search strategy including published and unpublished literature. Following duplicate screening, 18 relevant studies, including 11,126 participants, 14 unique interventions, and 46 relevant outcome measures were synthesised using Robust Variance Estimation and a random effects meta‐analysis model. Risk of Bias assessment was undertaken by three reviewers using the ROB2 tool to assess the quality of studies, with 13 studies rated as having some concerns, and 5 as having high risk of bias. Qualitative data was also extracted and analysed in relation to the types of interventions included to allow a comparison of the key elements of each. Main Results: A positive, statistically significant combined effect was found (Cohen's d = 0.24, CI 0.0707 to 0.409, p < 0.01), demonstrating that in the studies and interventions included, children undertaking maths or literacy interventions using mobile devices achieved higher numeracy or literacy outcomes than those using an alternative device (e.g. a laptop or desktop computer) or no device (class activities as usual). However these results should be interpreted with caution given the risk of bias assessment noted above (5 studies rated high risk of bias and 13 rated as having some concerns). As the interventions and classroom circumstances differed quite widely, further research is needed to understand any potential impact more fully. Sensitivity analysis aimed to identify moderating factors including age or gender, screen size, frequency/dosage of intervention exposure, and programme implementation features/activities (based on Puentedura's [2009] SAMR model of technology integration). There were too few studies identified to support quantitative analysis of sufficient power to draw robust conclusions on moderating factors, and insufficient data to determine impact beyond immediate post‐test period. Sensitivty analysis was also undertaken to exclude the five studies identified as having a high risk of bias, to identify any impact they may have on overall findings. Authors' Conclusions: Overall, this review demonstrates that for the specific interventions and studies included, mobile device use in the classroom led to a significant, positive effect on literacy and numeracy outcomes for the children involved, bringing positive implications for their continued use in primary education. However given the concerns on risk of bias assessment reported above, the differing circumstances, interventions and treatment conditions and intensities, the findings must be interpreted with caution. The review also supports the need for further robust research to better understand what works, under what circumstances, and for whom, in the use of mobile devices to support learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher skills in classroom management are needed so that the learning process in the classroom can run well and follow the goals desired by teachers and students. This research was conducted to determine and describe teachers' skills in classroom management at MI Muhammadiyah Gonilan using a qualitative descriptive approach and phenomenological model. The techniques used in collecting data are observation, interviews, and documentation. This research involved two resource persons: IVa and IVb homeroom teachers. The research results, among other things, show preparation for classroom management. Before entering class, the teacher prepares lesson plans and reference books and prepares students to participate in learning. Furthermore, in building positive relationships, the teacher is in charge of creating a comfortable atmosphere. Other research results relate to the implementation of classroom management. In classroom management, some factors support the implementation process. Several supporting factors include teaching aids, teachers' accompanying books or complete teaching materials, student books, and teachers and students arriving on time. Inhibiting factors are different children's concentration and different children's comprehension abilities. Abstrak Keterampilan guru dalam pengelolaan kelas sangat dibutuhkan sehingga proses pembelajaran di kelas dapat berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan oleh guru dan peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan keterampilan guru dalam pengelolaan kelas di MI Muhammadiyah Gonilan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan model fenomenologi. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini melibatkan dua narasumber yakni wali kelas IVa dan IVb. Hasil penelitian antara lain memperlihatkan tentang persiapan pengelolaan kelas. Sebelum memasuki kelas, guru mempersiapkan RPP, buku referensi dan menyiapkan peserta didik untuk siap mengikuti pembelajaran. Selanjutnya, dalam membangun hubungan positif, di sini guru yang bertugas menciptakan suasana nyaman. Hasil penelitian lainnya berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan pengelolaan kelas. Dalam pengelolaan kelas, terdapat faktor yang mendukung proses pelaksanaannya. Beberapa faktor pendukung seperti alat peraga, buku pendamping guru atau bahan ajar lengkap, buku peserta didik lengkap, guru dan peserta didik datang tepat waktu. Faktor penghambat adalah konsentrasi anak yang berbeda, daya tangkap anak yang berbeda-beda. Kata Kunci: Keterampilan guru; pendidikan; pengelolaan kelas.

Nowadays, the use of ICT has become a demand for education. The use of ICT actually requires special skills, however, it is also necessary to use ICT in Arabic language education. The use of ICT in the Arabic language learning process can enable teaching staff to make various modifications that suit learning. With these conditions, teaching staff can train and increase the skills they have to be more creative in the learning process. This research aims to determine the influence of the use of ICT in Arabic language education at the high school level and its relationship with teacher skills. Apart from that, researchers can also dig deeper into the use of ICT in Arabic language education and its relationship with teacher skills. The method used in this research is quantitative methods. The results of data acquisition were obtained by researchers through distributing questionnaires. The distribution of the questionnaire was carried out online using Google Froom software. The results of this data collection will later be tested and processed again using the SPSS application. The results of this research show that the use of ICT in Arabic language education is very adequate for the current situation and conditions. Apart from being proficient in using Arabic, teaching staff are also able to further improve their skills in using ICT. As an Arabic language educator, of course you also have to be clever in using ICT as a supporting activity in the learning process in high school and above. Based on the research that has been conducted, researchers can conclude that the use of ICT in Arabic language education at the high school level is closely related to improving teachers' skills in using ICT. Therefore, as educators it is also important to pay attention to good strategies in using ICT, so that the learning process runs well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this service activity is to improve teacher skills in developing HOTS-oriented learning model designs based on the Learning Management System (LMS) for elementary school teachers in Surakarta City. Participants in the community service activity totaled 30 teachers consisting of 10 class teachers of SD ICT Al-Abidin, 10 class teachers of SD Ta'mirul Islam Surakarta, and 10 class teachers of SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ketelan Surakarta. The method of implementing this service uses training and mentoring. The instrument for evaluating the improvement uses a test and is analyzed descriptively. The results of this service activity show that there is an increase in teacher skills after participating in the training activity. Teacher skills increase in the experience aspect in designing HOTS-oriented learning models, teacher experience in designing activities to develop HOTS, and in processing features contained in the Learning Management System. Based on the results of limited trials, the HOTS-oriented learning model design in the Learning Management System achieves an average student passing scores of 83%.

This policy brief addresses persistent challenges in the Flemish-Belgian education system, including quality improvement, teacher shortages, student guidance, institutional capacity, and secondary school duration. Despite increased funding, the ongoing exodus of educators remains concerning. To achieve equitable learning outcomes, the brief advocates for enhancing teacher qualifications, aligning training with diverse learner needs, and providing continuous professional development. Additionally, it recommends bolstering educational leadership, promoting teaching as a respected profession, establishing a teacher career structure linked to certification, and improving data collection for accurate monitoring of teacher supply and demand. These measures aim to address teacher shortages, foster inclusivity, and ensure all students have equal access to quality education. Collaborative efforts among organizations like UNESCO, OECD, and EUROSTAT are highlighted for improved data collection, essential for informed policy decisions and resource allocation in the Flemish education sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the article is to explore the self-education and ways of teacher competence formation. In the context of rapid informational flow, a number of high requirements are imposed on school education in the era of scientific and technological progress. The school should not only equip the younger generation with scientific knowledge, but also instill in them the skills of independent acquisition of knowledge, free labor skills, intellectual work culture, independent thinking, self-education, better readiness for independent work. This is one of the important directions of modern education reform. Self-education is one of the very necessary rings in a united complex intellectual work. This type of activity, which includes elements of independent activity, was in the center of attention in all structures and stages of public life as a means of improving socio-political and vocational training and acquiring knowledge by a person, besides has always attracted people with progressive views and has been highly appreciated it basing on its" utility coefficient". Very little attention was paid to the work on the organization and implementation of self-educational activities of specialists engaged in professional activities, it was not considered as a means corresponding to self-educational upbringing, personal development and self-control skills. It should be added that in pedagogy there is no complete concept on self-education and teacher competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of E-International Journal of Educational Research is the property of E-International Journal of Educational Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to analyze teachers’ digital literacy in the learning process at public elementary schools in Bengkulu, Indonesia. The focus is on teachers’ use of technological devices, especially their proficiency in operating, designing learning media, and utilizing digital media as a learning tool. This study employed qualitative research approach with descriptive type. The subjects were determined based on purposive with education background as the inclusive criteria. The data was collected using interview techniques where researchers were the primary instrument. The obtained data was analyzed through tabulation, coding, and conclusion withdrawal. Results showed that teachers firstly used technological devices as a learning tool due to the Covid-19 pandemic. They learnt to operate various device to transfer learning materials through visual, audio, and audiovisual methods. Teachers generally used smartphones and laptops, in which they are able to operate from the beginning to the end, including apps operation. Among the apps were Power Point, Canva, and Kinemaster with Zoom, Google Meets, Google Classroom, and WhatsApp as teaching platforms.

The following study is a descriptive/correlational analysis of students’ perception of digital competence in teaching. It is based on the current needs of university students with regard to the digitization of teaching and learning processes. Knowing student satisfaction with teaching digital skills could be used to propose improvements in the quality of university education to the extent that it can channel the various socio-economic demands. The European Higher Education Area is not oblivious to this problem by creating a framework of ambitious objectives for member states where ICT and digital competence of teachers are a priority. The research is carried out at the University of Granada and takes as a reference the framework: Marco Común de Competencia Digital Docente. This Framework in the context of Spain is concerned with indicating which areas educators need to acquire a skill higher degree differentiating between the following levels of classification: basic, intermediate and advanced. A quantitative correlational study was carried out, and an online questionnaire/form was distributed to a random probability sample of 307 students at the University of Granada belonging to different faculties of education. According to the results obtained, the students unanimously share the opinion that, the lecturers at Granada University do not possess a sufficient level of experience or training to competently deliver course content in a purely digital format.

Copyright of EDU REVIEW: International Education & Learning Review / Revista Internacional de Educación & Aprendizaje is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific literature has shown that teacher characteristics and skills are one of the main sources of variation in students' academic performance. This potential that teachers have in improving the quality of the education system justifies the importance of identifying the teacher-related factors that are positively related to student learning. This study aims to contribute to this purpose by analysing the professional profile of a good secondary school teacher from the perspective of students, members of school management teams, and the teachers themselves. For this purpose, a qualitative research design was established based on an analysis of the views of the participants. Five focus groups were conducted with the participation of five members of school management teams, nine teachers and nine students. Through both the a priori and inductive coding of the content of these focus groups, the professional profile of a good teacher was identified. This profile was made up of three teaching skills and seven personal skills, specified in 79 actions. The integration of all the participants' perspectives enabled the creation of a comprehensive proposal of an effective teacher by capturing the nuances provided by each individual perspective. Based on this, new research and actions can be designed that contribute to improving the quality of initial and in-service training for secondary school teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background In the Netherlands, more than half of the teachers working in primary education experience high levels of work stress. Compared to other professions, teachers are more likely to drop out from work and develop mental illnesses. Almost one in five even choose a new profession within 5 years after starting as a teacher. This indicates an urgent need for interventions to reduce stress levels in teachers. However, few evidence-based effective interventions targeting stress and work-related problems in the primary educational system are available. Aim In the current paper, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled study (RCT) comparing an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention with a wait list control condition in primary school teachers. We hypothesize that teachers who participate in the MBSR programme will report less stress (primary outcome) than those in the control group at post-test and at 3-month follow-up. We also expect a decrease in teachers’ absenteeism and improvements of mental health, teacher skills, classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship (secondary outcomes). Finally, we hypothesize that self-compassion, mindfulness skills and emotion regulation skills could mediate effects. Methods/design A mixed-method study will be conducted among N=155 Dutch primary school teachers (grade 1 to 6). The quantitative study will be an RCT, in which teachers will be randomly allocated to the MBSR or waiting list control condition. Trial participants will not be made actively aware of their condition. The data analysts will be blinded. Online questionnaires will be sent to teachers before and after the MBSR programme, and at 3-month follow-up. Information about absenteeism will be collected. In the qualitative part of the study, we will interview teachers to examine their perceived effects of MBSR on their teaching skills, the classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship. Discussion This protocol paper describes a mixed-method study design with an RCT and a qualitative evaluation to evaluate an MBSR programme on perceived stress among primary school teachers. If the MBSR programme proves to be effective, it could be implemented as a programme to reduce stress and improve mental health and teaching outcomes in primary school teachers. Trial registration Nederland Trial Register NL. Registered on 19 November 2019—retrospectively registered, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8171

Background/purpose - In the 21st century, humankind has experienced an unprecedented level of change and we should therefore ensure that the new generations are educated with the skills appropriate to this everdeveloping technological era. However, in order to adequately equip students their teachers first need to acquire these 21st century skills. In this respect, this study aims to reveal what these 21st century teacher skills are and, according to the opinions of teachers and experts, how their acquisition by teachers contributes to the education system. Materials/methods - The research was designed as a qualitative phenomenological study. The participants consisted of six academicians who are each experts in the field of teacher training, plus 13 working teachers. The study's data were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. Content analysis was then used in the analysis of the data. Results - It was revealed that teachers should possess many varied and versatile skills. Once these 21st century skills have been acquired by teachers, they can actively contribute to both parties' futures according to many different aspects. Conclusion - Education plays a crucial role in shaping the future generations. However, fulfillment of these roles is only possible through teachers who first acquire and master these 21st century skills, and then learn to impart these skills to their current and future students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of National Education / Millî Eğitim Dergisi is the property of Milli Egitim Bakanligi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The low quality of human resources, especially educators / teachers, is one of the main problems in the world of education. As the fact that occurred in SMK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu, especially the use of media in learning activities in the past year based on the results of the supervision of the principal on 40 teachers found data that in the implementation of teacher learning did not use media. Teachers explain more material when the material can be clarified with media that are easily obtained both available in schools and around schools. Of the 40 teachers in SmK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu only 10 people (25%) have used media in learning activities while 30 people (75%) still do not use media. Through this inter-class visit, it is expected that teachers will gain new experiences from their more professional colleagues. School Action Research (PTS) with the subjects of teachers of SmK Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu amounted to 40 people. In each cycle there are activities of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The instrument used is an observation sheet. Observational data is analyzed in descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative percentage. The results showed an increase in the ability of teachers in using learning media where in cycle 1 meeting 1 was 60% with sufficient categories, increased at meeting 2 to 67% with good category. In cycle 1I meeting 1 increases to 75% with good categories and there is another increase at meeting 2 to 85% with excellent category. The implementation of supervision with the technique of inter-class visits in cycle I of meeting 1 is 64% with good categories increasing to 76% with good categories at meeting 2, In cycle 2 meeting 1 increases again to 81% with excellent category 2 to 88% with excellent category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study set out to analyze and verify the relationship between the professional profile by competencies, and employability with teacher training, variables that influence the changes in the educational reality, the quality of training and their expectations in development and the economy. from the country. The sample, students of the X cycle of the Faculty of Education of the UNMSM. A descriptive, analytical design was applied through a survey and 2 questionnaires and a checklist. The data was processed with the SPSS Software. It contributes to the knowledge of this problem by the implementation of the competences to the professional profile, the employment possibilities from the demands of the market in professional training, in the process of implementation of the approach with a comprehensive vision and contextualization of its elements. Conclusions: There is a relationship between the professional profile by competence and employability in teacher training. Students do not clearly define the professional profile by competencies and its relationship with employment, the quality of teacher training is scattered, but with a positive trend. They have clear functions in research, management and evaluation and ICT. The most defined are the expectations about the professional title. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the Netherlands, more than half of the teachers working in primary education experience high levels of work stress. Compared to other professions, teachers are more likely to drop out from work and develop mental illnesses. Almost one in five even choose a new profession within 5 years after starting as a teacher. This indicates an urgent need for interventions to reduce stress levels in teachers. However, few evidence-based effective interventions targeting stress and work-related problems in the primary educational system are available.Aim: In the current paper, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled study (RCT) comparing an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention with a wait list control condition in primary school teachers. We hypothesize that teachers who participate in the MBSR programme will report less stress (primary outcome) than those in the control group at post-test and at 3-month follow-up. We also expect a decrease in teachers' absenteeism and improvements of mental health, teacher skills, classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship (secondary outcomes). Finally, we hypothesize that self-compassion, mindfulness skills and emotion regulation skills could mediate effects.Methods/design: A mixed-method study will be conducted among N=155 Dutch primary school teachers (grade 1 to 6). The quantitative study will be an RCT, in which teachers will be randomly allocated to the MBSR or waiting list control condition. Trial participants will not be made actively aware of their condition. The data analysts will be blinded. Online questionnaires will be sent to teachers before and after the MBSR programme, and at 3-month follow-up. Information about absenteeism will be collected. In the qualitative part of the study, we will interview teachers to examine their perceived effects of MBSR on their teaching skills, the classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship.Discussion: This protocol paper describes a mixed-method study design with an RCT and a qualitative evaluation to evaluate an MBSR programme on perceived stress among primary school teachers. If the MBSR programme proves to be effective, it could be implemented as a programme to reduce stress and improve mental health and teaching outcomes in primary school teachers.Trial Registration: Nederland Trial Register NL. Registered on 19 November 2019-retrospectively registered, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8171. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]