13 results on '"hlapljivi spojevi"'
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2. Volatile compounds, antioxidant activity, ACE inhibitory activity, HMF content and microstructure of fruit yoghurts.
- Author
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Bakirci, İhsan, Terzioğlu, Murat Emre, and Akkaya, İbrahim
- Subjects
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KIWIFRUIT , *FRUIT , *YOGURT , *ANGIOTENSIN converting enzyme , *MICROSTRUCTURE , *SYNERESIS - Abstract
Stirred-type fruit yoghurts with two different fruit purees (kiwifruit and banana) were produced and were investigated the physicochemical, volatile compounds, 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, cupric ion reducing capability (CUPRAC), total phenolic compounds (TPC), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, reducing sugar content and microstructure. The addition of fruit puree affected (p<0.01) total solids, fat, protein, ash, L*, a*, b*, volatile compounds, DPPH, CUPRAC, TPC, ACE inhibitory activity, HMF content, reducing sugar content and overall acceptability whereas it had an insignificant effect on the pH, titratable acidity, apparent viscosity, syneresis (p>0.05). Storage period significantly (p<0.01) affected the titratable acidity, DPPH, CUPRAC, TPC, ACE inhibitory activity, HMF content, reducing sugar content and overall acceptability, as well as the pH, apparent viscosity and a* (p<0.05). Although the addition of banana and kiwi relatively suppressed the characteristic flavour of the experimental yoghurt samples, it improved the DPPH, CUPRAC and TPC. On the other hand, the addition of banana-kiwi was found to increase the content of HMF, the toxic compound. Yoghurt can be recommended as an important source of bioactive compounds with ACE inhibitory activity. According to the microstructure analysis results, a more homogeneous structure was observed in the control group samples compared to the fruit-added yoghurt samples and it was determined that the serum pore diameters were smaller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Characterization of Quark-like probiotic cheese produced from a mixture of buffalo milk and cow milk.
- Author
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Guneser, Onur and Aydin, Büşra
- Subjects
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CHEESE , *PROBIOTICS , *LACTOBACILLUS acidophilus , *COWS , *SWEETNESS (Taste) , *TASTE , *MILK yield , *MILK - Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential application of buffalo milk in the production of Quark-like cheese enriched with probiotic cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus. Compositional, physicochemical, textural, aromatic, and sensory attributes of the cheese samples prepared using different ratios of buffalo milk and cow milk were investigated. The results revealed significant differences among the analysed cheese samples with respect to the dry matter, fat and protein content. The cheese samples prepared using only buffalo milk had the highest contents of dry matter, fat, and protein compared to the cheese samples prepared using only cow milk. Titratable acidity of the cheese samples was in the range of 0.91 to 1.52 (lactic acid %), while the water-soluble nitrogen content varied between 7.88 % and 11.22 % during storage. Increasing the proportion of cow milk in cheese caused an increase in the L* and Hue colour values. The cheese samples prepared from buffalo milk showed the highest value for hardness, while the lowest hardness value was observed for cheese samples prepared using cow milk. All cheese samples had higher levels of acetic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methyl butanoic acid, and hexanoic acid compared to other volatile compounds. L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus counts during storage were in the range of 9.02-9.18 log CFU/g and 9.12-9.30 log CFU/g, respectively. The sour taste was determined to be dominant in all cheese samples, followed by the sweet taste. Creamy, cooked, and fermented flavours were the most prominent flavours in all cheese samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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4. Utilization of Reconstituted Whey Powder and Microbial Transglutaminase in Ayran (Drinking Yogurt) Production
- Author
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Ceren Akal, Celalettin Koçak, Nazlı Kanca, and Barbaros Özer
- Subjects
fermentirani proizvodi ,sirutka ,transglutaminaza ,SDS-PAGE ,hlapljivi spojevi ,reološka svojstva ,General Chemical Engineering ,fermented products ,whey ,transglutaminase ,volatile profile ,rheology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Research background. In industrial ayran production, milk is diluted to the desired protein content (2% (m/V)) prior to fermentation by yogurt starter cultures by partial replacement of cheese whey in reconstituted form with potable water. This may be an alternative way of protein recovery from cheese by-products as well as reducing the production costs since less milk is used in ayran production. On the other hand, the balance between milk caseins and whey proteins is disturbed when cheese whey is added to milk for ayran production, which likely leads to a time-dependent phase separation during cold storage. Modification of ayran matrix by enzymatic crosslinking of proteins may be a solution to overcome this potential physical instability of ayran. This topic has not been explored to date, and the present study was designed to investigate the possibilities of utilization of reconstituted whey powder (RWP) and microbial transglutaminase (MTG) in ayran production. Experimental approach. Milk was diluted to obtain 2% protein level using RWP and potable water. The aim of utilization of RWP was to meet 5, 10 or 15% of the protein content of the final product. RWP solutions were obtained by calculating the amounts of whey powder required to meet the specified ratios and mixing it with the water required for dilution. We prepared eight different ayran samples divided in three groups, namely group A: prepared by partially diluting milk with RWP to obtain 5, 10 or 15% of total protein amount in the product, group AMTG: prepared by adding microbial transglutaminase (0.5 U per g of protein) to group A samples, and control group without RWP and with or without the addition of MTG. The gross composition, physical (phase separation and viscosity, chemical (volatile and peptide profiles and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis patterns) and sensory properties of the samples were evaluated throughout 15 days of storage with weekly intervals. Results and conclusions. Since the amounts of whey powder used to obtain RWP were different, dry matter levels of the samples differed. Using RWP in ayran production increased the phase separation slightly. Incorporation of MTG affected the physical properties of the ayran samples positively and prevented phase separation at a satisfactory level. SDS-PAGE electrophoretograms revealed that cross-linking between proteins triggered by MTG formed intense bonds at high molecular mass regions. The remaining parameters were not affected by MTG. Results revealed that the samples with 10% RWP with and without addition of MTG were determined as the formulations with the highest commercialization potential. Novelty and scientific contribution. Utilizing RWP in the production of ayran to reduce the protein content of the final product to the desired level is a new approach. Since complete replacement of RWP with potable water to dilute milk to reach 2% (m/V) protein likely leads to lower sensory scores, we have investigated a possibility of partial replacement of RWP with potable water. A time-dependent phase separation is the major challenge of industrial ayran production. This physical problem was largely eliminated by means of MTG-mediated cross-linking of milk proteins. The proposed novel ayran production method offers dairy industry reduction of production costs and contributes to sustainability in milk production since smaller volume of milk is used to reach desired protein content in the final product., Pozadina istraživanja. U industrijskoj proizvodnji ayrana mlijeko se prije fermentacije razrjeđuje do željenog omjera proteina i mlijeka (2 % (m/V)) dodavanjem rekonstituirane sirutke i vode. Osim što se tim postupkom iskorištavaju proteini iz nusproizvoda proizvodnje sira, smanjuju se i troškovi, jer se koristi manji volumen mlijeka za proizvodnju ayrana. S druge strane, dodatak sirutke mlijeku narušava ravnotežu kazeina mlijeka i proteina sirutke, što s vremenom može dovesti do razdvajanja faza tijekom hladnog skladištenja. Modificiranjem matriksa ayrana unakrsnim vezanjem proteina može se smanjiti njegova moguća nestabilnost. Ovaj postupak još nije dovoljno istražen, stoga je u ovom radu ispitana mogućnost primjene rekonstituiranog praha sirutke i mikrobne transglutaminaze u proizvodnji ayrana. Eksperimentalni pristup. Mlijeko je razrjeđeno rekonstituiranim prahom sirutke i vodom kako bi sadržavalo 2 % proteina. Svrha je dodavanja rekonstituiranog praha sirutke bila dobiti konačni proizvod s 5, 10 ili 15 % proteina. Otopine sirutke pripremljene su s izračunatom količinom praha sirutke za postizanje željenog omjera, te miješane s vodom do željenog razrjeđenja. Pripremili smo osam različitih uzoraka ayrana, podijeljenih u tri skupine: skupina A je sadržavala uzorke ayrana s 5, 10 ili 15 % ukupnih proteina pripremljene od djelomično razrjeđenog mlijeka i rekonstituiranog praha sirutke, skupina AMTG pripremljena je dodavanjem 0,5 jedinica mikrobne transglutaminaze po gramu proteina uzorcima iz skupine A, a kontrolna je skupina sadržavala uzorke ayrana bez rekonstituiranog praha sirutke s dodatkom mikrobne transglutaminaze ili bez nje. Sastav, fizikalna (razdvajanje faza i viskoznost), kemijska (sastav hlapljivih spojeva i peptida, te SDS-PAGE profili) i senzorska svojstva uzoraka ispitana su jednom tjedno tijekom 15 dana skladištenja. Rezultati i zaključci. Udjel suhe tvari u uzorcima ayrana se razlikovao, jer su korištene različite količine praha sirutke za dobivanje rekonstituiranog praha. Dodavanjem rekonstituiranog praha sirutke mlijeku tijekom proizvodnje ayrana neznatno se povećalo razdvajanje faza. Ugradnjom mikrobne transglutaminaze u proizvodnju poboljšana su fizikalna svojstva uzoraka te je uspješno zaustavljeno odvajanje faza. Rezultati SDS-PAGE pokazuju da su unakrsnim vezanjem proteina, potaknutim dodatkom mikrobne transglutaminaze, stvorene čvrste veze između molekula velike molekulske mase. Dodatak transglutaminaze nije utjecao na ostale značajke ayrana. Rezultati pokazuju da su uzorci s 10 % rekonstituiranog praha sirutke, bez dodatka ili s dodatkom mikrobne transglutaminaze, okarakterizirani kao proizvodi s najvećim tržišnim potencijalom. Novina i znanstveni doprinos. Primjena rekonstituiranog praha sirutke za smanjenje udjela proteina u krajnjem proizvodu predstavlja novi pristup proizvodnji ayrana. Budući da je potpunom zamjenom rekonstituiranog praha sirutke vodom tijekom razrjeđenja mlijeka radi smanjenja omjera proteina i mlijeka na 2 % rezultiralo lošijim senzorskim ocjenama proizvedenog ayrana, ispitali smo mogućnost djelomične zamjene praha sirutke vodom. Glavni izazov industrijske proizvodnje ayrana je spriječiti odvajanje faza tijekom vremena. Taj se problem može u većoj mjeri riješiti unakrsnim vezanjem proteina pomoću mikrobne transglutaminaze. Predložena nova metoda proizvodnje ayrana omogućuje smanjenje troškova proizvodnje i pridonosi održivosti proizvodnje mlijeka, budući da se za postizanje potrebne količine proteina u krajnjem proizvodu koristi manji volumen mlijeka.
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
5. Stabilnost fenolnih i hlapljivih tvari te sastava masnih kiselina sortnih ekstra djevičanskih maslinovih ulja tijekom skladištenja i zagrijavanja
- Author
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Klisović, Dora and Brkić Bubola, Karolina
- Subjects
senzorska svojstva ,sensory attributes ,skladištenje ,antioxidant activity ,sastav masnih kiselina ,heating ,phenolic compounds ,ekstra djeviĉansko maslinovo ulje ,extra virgin olive oil ,storage ,hlapljivi spojevi ,zagrijavanje ,fenolni spojevi ,fatty acid composition ,antioksidacijska aktivnost ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,udc:54(043.3) ,volatile compounds ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,Kemija. Kristalografija. Mineralogija ,Chemistry. Crystallography. Mineralogy - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of real storage conditions and daily consumption, heating, and presence of food during storage (dried tomatoes, cheese) and heating (vegetables) of monovarietal EVOOs on its fatty acid composition, phenolic and volatile compounds, antioxidant activity, sensory properties, and quality. The results indicated that under consumption conditions used in this study (gradual headspace increasing, darkness, room temperature), EVOO's composition of fatty acid, phenolic and volatile compounds remained preserved within one month. The presence of food during storage and heating significantly decreased the quality and the concentration of total identified phenolic and volatile compounds of the used EVOO. The use of monovarietal oils indicated varietal specificity under different conditions of its use, related to the composition of fatty acids, phenolic and volatile compounds. Cilj ovog istraţivanja bio je ispitati utjecaj realnih uvjeta upotrebe i svakodnevnog korištenja, zagrijavanja i prisutnosti hrane tijekom skladištenja (sušena rajĉica, sir) i zagrijavanja (povrće) sortnih EDMU na sastav masnih kiselina, fenola i hlapljivih spojeva, antioksidacijsku aktivnost, senzorska svojstva i kvalitetu ulja. Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su da je sastav masnih kiselina, fenolnih i hlapljivih spojeva EDMU u uvjetima svakodnevnog korištenja (postepeno povećavanje nadprostora boce, bez svjetlosti, sobna temperatura) ostao nepromijenjen unutar mjesec dana skladištenja. Prisutnost hrane tijekom skladištenja i zagrijavanja znaĉajno je utjecala na smanjenje kvalitete te koncentracije ukupnih identificiranih fenolnih i hlapljivih spojeva korištenog EDMU. Primjenom sortnih ulja utvrĊena je sortna specifiĉnost u razliĉitim uvjetima uporabe vezana uz poĉetni sastav masnih kiselina, fenolnih i hlapljivih spojeva.
- Published
- 2023
6. Comparison of volatile compounds of Dalmatian pancetta, Istrian pancetta and Schwartwald bacon : diploma thesis
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Bujas, Toni and Marijanović, Zvonimir
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blue and gray fiber ,hlapljivi spojevi ,HS-SPME ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,plavo i sivo vlakno ,volatile compounds ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,GC-MS ,panceta - Abstract
U ovom radu analiziran je kemijski sastav hlapljivih spojeva dalamtinske i istarske pancete te schwarzwaldske slanine. Hlapljivi spojevi izolirani su mikroekstrakcijom vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME) korištenjem plavog i sivog vlakna. Analiza izoliranih hlapljivih spojeva uzoraka provedena je metodom plinske kromatografije – spektrometrije masa (GC-MS). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju kako različiti postupci prerade i proizvodnje utječu na različitost u sastavu hlapljivih aromatskih spojeva analiziranih proizvoda. In this paper, the chemical composition of the volatile compounds of Dalmatian and Istrian pancetta and Schwarzwald bacon was analyzed. Volatile compounds were isolated by solid phase peak vapor microextraction (HS-SPME) using blue and gray fibers. The analysis of the isolated volatile compounds of the samples was performed using the gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The obtained results indicate that different processing and production processes affect the difference in the compositi on of volatile aromatic compounds of the analyzed products.
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- 2022
7. Sensory and aromatic profile of smoked hams : master thesis
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Bralić, Sara and Šarolić, Mladenka
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hlapljivi spojevi ,dimljeni pršut ,smoked ham ,HS-SPME ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,senzorska analiza ,volatile compounds ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,GC-MS ,sensory analysis - Abstract
Cilj ovog rada bio je identificirati hlapljive spojeve hrvatskih tradicionalnih dimljenih pršuta te odrediti senzorska svojstva istih. Tijekom procesa proizvodnje pršuta odvija se niz biokemijskih reakcija koje su zasluţne za formiranje boje, teksture i arome pršuta. Najvaţnije biokemijske reakcije tijekom kojih nastaje niz hlapljivih spojeva odgovornih za aromu pršuta su lipoliza i proteoliza. Izolacija hlapljivih spojeva pršuta provedena je mikroekstrakcijom vršnih para na ĉvrstoj fazi (HS-SPME), a spojevi su identificirani vezanim sustavom plinske kromatografije-masene spektrometrije (GC-MS). Identificirani hlapljivi spojevi svrstani su u sljedeće skupine: aldehidi, fenoli, alkoholi, esteri, kiseline, ketoni, alifatski i aromatski ugljikovodici, spojevi sa dušikom, spojevi sa sumporom i terpeni. MeĊu identificiranim spojevima najzastupljeniji su bili aldehidi, potom fenoli i ketoni. Senzorska analiza provedena je od strane 10 ocjenjivaĉa korištenjem nestrukturirane linijske skale. Sinergijom arome, boje i teksture stvara se senzorski profil pršuta. Tijekom senzorske analize uzorak 1 je dobio najveće ocjene za većinu pozitivnih karakteristika, dok su uzorci 4 i 6 ocjenjeni niţim ocjenama. Ni u jednom od uzoraka nisu pronaĊeni kristali tirozina te aroma na biokemijsko, po svjeţem mesu i po aromatiĉnom bilju. The aim of this study was to identify volatile compounds of traditional Croatian smoked hams and to determine their sensory properties. Series of biochemical reactions occurs during the production process which are responsible for the formation of color, texture and aroma of smoked hams. Lipolysis and proteolysis are the most important biochemical reactions which generate a number of volatile compounds that are responsible for the formation of ham aroma. The volatile compounds were isolated by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Identified volatile compounds are classified into the following groups: aldehydes, phenols, alcohols, esters, acids, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, compounds with nitrogen, compounds with sulfur and terpenes. Among identified compounds aldehydes were the most abundant compounds, then phenols and ketones. Sensory analysis was performed by 10 panelist using an unstructured linear scale. The sensory profile of hams is created through the synergy of aroma, color and texture. During the sensory analysis sample 1 received the highest grade for the majority of positive characteristics, while samples 4 and 6 were rated with lower grades. Tyrosine crystals, biochemical aroma, aroma of fresh meat and aromatic herbs were not found in any of the samples.
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- 2022
8. Volatile compounds of Pelinkovac liquer : master thesis
- Author
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Galić, Josip and Šarolić, Mladenka
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hlapljivi spojevi ,biljni liker ,pelinkovac ,HS-SPME ,herbal liqueur ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,volatile compounds ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,GC-MS - Abstract
Pelinkovac je jako alkoholno piće koje se tradicionalno proizvodi u Republici Hrvatskoj. Pripada kategoriji biljnih likera dobiven aromatiziranjem etilnog alkohola poljoprivrednog podrijetla maceratima aromatičnog bilja u kojima po sastavu i količini dominira biljka pelin (Artemisia absinthium L.), uz komorač (Foeniculum vulgare L.), kadulju (Salvia officinalis L.) i mentu (Menta piperita L.), koji proizvodu daju prepoznatljiva i karakteristična organoleptička svojstva. Cilj ovog rada je bio usporediti aromatični profil pet vrsta likera Pelinkovca prisutnih na tržištu republike Hrvatske. Hlapljivi spojevi izolirani su pomoću mikroekstrakcije vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME), a analizirani vezanim sustavom plinska kromatografija-masena spektrometrija (GC-MS). Analiziranjem dobivenih rezultata utvrđen je različiti sastav hlapljivih spojeva među ispitanim uzorcima. U uzorcima A, B i E dominira trans-anetol (36,10 %, 43,21 % i 39,20 %), u uzorku C limonen (52,82 %) te u uzorku D p-menton (25,76 %). Utvrđene razlike u aromatičnom profilu upućuju na specifičnosti pojedinog proizvođača u odabiru aromatičnog bilja i tehnološkog procesa proizvodnje. Pelinkovac is strong alcoholic beverage that is traditionally produced in Croatia. It belongs to the category of herbal liqueurs, obtained by aromatizing ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin with macerates of aromatic plants in which the wormwood plant (Artemisia absinthum L.) dominates, along with fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and mint (Menta piperita L.), which give the products recognizable and characteristic organoleptic properties. The aim of this study was to compare the aromatic profile of five types of Pelinkovac liqueur present on the market of the Republic of Croatia. Volatile compounds were isolated using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and analyzed by a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The analysis of the obtained results revealed a different composition of volatile compounds among the tested samples. Trans anethole was the dominat compound in samples A, B and E (36,10 %, 43,21 % and 39,20 %), while in sample C it was limonene (52.82 %) and in sample D p-menthone (25, 76 %). The established differences in the aromatic profile point to the specifics of each producer in the selection of aromatic herbs and the technological process of production.
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- 2022
9. Effect of nutrient medium on the specialized metabolites of two grepevines (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars in vitro
- Author
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Spudić, Iva, Preiner, Darko, and Liber, Zlatko
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hlapljivi spojevi ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Biologija ,'Portan' ,volatile organic compounds ,polifenolni spojevi ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Biology ,polifpehnolic compounds ,'Graševina' - Abstract
Cilj ovoga rada bio je uzgojiti dvije sorte vinove loze 'Portan' i 'Graševinu' u uvjetima in vitro na dvije različite hranjive podloge, uobičajenoj podlozi koja sadrži Murashige i Skoog medij te podlozi koja osim navedenog medija sadrži i usporivač rasta, alar B9. Biljke uzgojene u uvjetima usporenoga rasta bile su manje u vidu kraćih stabljika i manjih dimenzija listova u odnosu na biljke uzgojene na uobičajenoj podlozi. Istražen je utjecaj različitih podloga na sastav i sadržaj pojedinačnih polifenolnih te hlapljivih organskih spojeva u listovima navedenih sorti. Veće vrijednosti masenih udjela gotovo svih analiziranih polifenolnih spojeva dobivene su u uzorcima listova biljaka uzgojenih na uobičajenoj podlozi, dok su gotovo svi pojedinačni hlapljivi spojevi bez obzira u koju kemijsku skupinu pripadaju (terpenoide, kiseline, aldehide, ketone i alkohole) imali veće apsolutne površine pikova u uvjetima usporenog rasta. Dobiveni rezultati potvrđuju da uporaba hranjive podloge za usporeni rast nema negativan utjecaj na biljku čime je utvrđena prikladnost njene uporabe za potrebe čuvanja genetskog materijala vinove loze u uvjetima in vitro, a čime se smanjuje učestalost subkultivacije biljaka. The aim of this work was to grow two grape varieties 'Portan' and 'Graševina' under in vitro conditions on two different nutrient media, the usual medium containing Murashige and Skoog medium and the medium containing, in addition to the mentioned medium, a growth retarder, alar B9. Plants grown under conditions of slow growth were smaller in terms of shorter stems and smaller leaf sizes compared to plants grown on the usual substrate. The influence of different nutrient media on the composition and content of individual polyphenolic and volatile organic compounds in the leaves of the mentioned varieties was tested. Higher values of content of almost all analyzed polyphenolic compounds were obtained in leaf samples of plants grown on the usual substrate, while almost all individual volatile compounds, regardless of which chemical group they belong to (terpenoids, acids, aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols), had greater responses in the slow growth conditions. The obtained results confirm that the use of nutrient medium for slow growth does not have a negative effect on the plant, which established the suitability of its use for the purposes of preserving the genetic material of the grapevine in vitro, which reduces the frequency of subcultivation of plants.
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- 2022
10. Hlapljivi spojevi multiflorne pčelinje peludi
- Author
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Marijanović, Zvonimir, Klobučar, Dolores, Šarolić, Mladenka, Pavlešić, Tomislav, Majić, Ivana, and Antunović, Zvonko
- Subjects
hlapljivi spojevi ,pčelinja pelud ,GC-MS ,SPME - Abstract
Kemijska karakterizacija hlapljivih spojeva pčelinje peludi od velike je važnosti za procjenu njezine kvalitete. Hlapljivi spojevi izolirani su metodom mikroekstrakcije vršnih para na krutoj fazi (SPME) koristeći dva različita vlakna različite polarnosti. Dobiveni podaci analizirani su spregnutom tehnikom plinska kromatografija- spektrometrija masa (GC-MS). SPME metodom identificiran je 21 različiti spoj. Identificirani spojevi mogu se svrstati u sljedeće kemijske skupine: kiseline, alkoholi, esteri, ketone i aldehidi.
- Published
- 2022
11. Hlapljivi spojevi rakije travarice
- Author
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Šarolić, Mladenka, Pavlović, Željana, Marijanović, Zvonimir, Radonić, Ani, Delić, Žana, Babić, Jurislav, Kučić Grgić, Dajana, and Ocelić Bulatović, Vesna
- Subjects
hlapljivi spojevi ,rakija travarica ,HS-SPME/GC-MS ,rakija ,travarica - Abstract
Travarica je jako alkoholno piće koje u Hrvatskoj ima dugu tradiciju proizvodnje, posebice na području Dalmacije, Istre i otoka. Pripada skupini specijalnih rakija te se proizvodi aromatiziranjem vinskog destilata, komovice, lozovače ili voćnih rakija odabranim aromatičnim biljem ili njihovim maceratima [1]. U ovom radu analiziran je aromatični profil rakija travarica kupljenih na domaćem tržištu. Hlapljivi spojevi izolirani su pomoću mikroekstrakcije vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS- SPME) korištenjem CAR/PDMS i DVB/CAR/PDMS vlakana, te analizirani vezanim sustavom plinska kromatografija-masena spektrometrija (GC-MS). Identificirani hlapljivi spojevi pripadaju sljedećim kemijskim skupinama: esteri, alkoholi, ketoni, ugljikovodici, acetali i cikloeteri (oksidi). Među hlapljivim spojevima dominantni su bili esteri, a najzastupljeniji spoj u svim uzorcima bio je etil- dekanoat koji je karakteriziran voćnim aromama [2]. Dobiveni rezultati ukazali su na postojanje razlika u aromatičnom profilu rakija travarica, što je bilo i očekivano obzirom da svaki proizvođač ima svoju recepturu i specifičnost u tehnološkom procesu proizvodnje.
- Published
- 2022
12. Influence of particle size and distillation time on the yield and composition of fennel seeds essential oil
- Author
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Medved, Ana Marija and Repajić, Maja
- Subjects
hlapljivi spojevi ,fennel seeds ,eterično ulje ,sjemenke komorača ,oil yield ,vodena destilacija ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Nutrition ,hydrodistillation ,volatile compounds ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Nutricionizam ,prinos ulja ,essential oil - Abstract
U ovome radu ispitan je utjecaj veličine čestica i vremena destilacije na udio i sastav eteričnog ulja sjemenki komorača. Primjenom vodene destilacije te variranjem veličine čestica (1,6 mm) i vremena destilacije (40, 80 i 120 min) dobiveno je 12 uzoraka eteričnog ulja kojima je određen prinos te je ispitan kemijski sastav primjenom plinske kromatografije s masenom spektrometrijom (GC-MS). Prinos eteričnog ulja kretao se u rasponu od 1,50 do 12,50 %. Ukupno je identificirano 18 hlapljivih spojeva iz skupine fenilpropanoida (prosječna vrijednost 80,65±0,87 %), oksidiranih monoterpena (prosječna vrijednost 15,81±0,59 %), monoterpena (prosječna vrijednost 3,12±0,52 %) i aromatskih aldehida (prosječna vrijednost 0,42±0,04 %). Najzastupljeniji spoj bio je trans-anetol (prosječna vrijednost 877,71±54,18 mg mLˉ¹). Veličina čestica i vrijeme destilacije pokazali su statistički značajan utjecaj (p≤0,05) na prinos i sastav eteričnog ulja. Najviši prinos ulja postignut je destilacijom manje veličine čestica sjemenki (1,6 mm). Vrijeme destilacije od 40 i 120 min bilo je podjednako efikasno za izolaciju hlapljivih spojeva dok je manja veličina čestica (1,6 mm za izolaciju teže hlapljivih spojeva. In this study, the influence of particle size and distillation time on the yield and composition of fennel seeds essential oil was investigated. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation while the particle size ( 1.6 mm) and distillation time (40, 80 and 120 min) were varied. Twelve samples of essential oil were obtained in which the yield and composition by gas cromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were analyzed. The essential oil yield ranged from 1.50 to 12.50 %. A total of 18 volatile compounds from the group of phenylpropanoids (average value 80.65 ± 0.87 %), oxygenated monoterpenes (average value 15.81 ± 0.59 %), monoterpenes (average value 3.12 ± 0.52 %) and aromatic aldehydes (average value 0.42 ± 0.04 %) were identified. The most abundant compound was trans-anethole (average value 877.71 ± 54.18 mg mLˉ¹). Particle size and distillation time showed a statistically significant effect (p≤0.05) on the yield and composition of essential oil. The highest oil yield was achieved with distillation of smaller particle size ( 1.6 mm). Distillation time of 40 and 120 min were equally effective for isolation of volatile compounds, while smaller particle size (1.6 mm were more effective for isolation of less volatile compounds.
- Published
- 2021
13. IZOLACIJA HLAPLJIVIH SPOJEVA MEDA OD RUŽMARINA ULTRAZVUČNOM EKSTRAKCIJOM PRIJE I NAKON ZAGRIJAVANJA.
- Author
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Marijanović, Zvonimir, Uidl, Dora, and Šarolić, Mladenka
- Subjects
VOLATILE organic compounds ,BEE products - Abstract
Copyright of Beekeeping & Bee Products is the property of Association for Nutrition & Dietetics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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