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Past research has shown that assessments of engineering students' transferable skills have not been properly investigated or incorporated into the practices of higher education institutions. This study addressed this gap by proposing a System for Assessing Engineering Students' Transferable Skills (SACTEE, in Portuguese), which includes scales for assessment by self, peers, and teachers. The study also sought to provide evidence of the scale's content validity, internal consistency, and replicability. A total of 147 students, 23 professors, and 8 representatives of the academic management staff participated on the study to assure the scales' content validity and internal consistency. Two confirmatory focus groups with 15 representatives from public and private HEIs in Brazil analysed the usefulness and replicability of the system. The results demonstrated the preliminary psychometric quality of the instruments and the replicability of the SACTEE, thus contributing to engineering education research field and to assessing and developing students' transferable skills.

Este ensaio aborda os processos mediacionais investigados em estudos com crianças problemas de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem visando a promoção do desenvolvimento humano e da inclusão social e educacional. Os estudos baseiam-se em pressupostos de teorias cognitivistas e sociointeracionistas de Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934) e da Teoria da Modificabilidade Cognitiva Estrutural/Theory of Structural Cognitive Modifiability (MCE) e a Teoria da Experiência de Aprendizagem Mediada/Mediated Learning Experience (EAM) desenvolvida por Reuven Feüerstein (1921-2014). A investigação foi realizada a partir da Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) Rating Scale (MLERS), a qual foi adaptada para a avaliação da mediação em diferentes contextos de interação adulto-criança: a) mãe-criança com deficiência visual; b) professor-aluno com dificuldade de aprendizagem; c) avaliador-criança com problemas de comunicação. Os resultados permitem vislumbrar a promoção de aprendizagem da criança com dificuldade ou deficiência e auxiliá-la a alcançar um outro nível de competência cognitiva ou social.

Here, we report an optimization of the extraction of crystal violet and congo red dyes from shrimp samples, employing matrix solid phase dispersion and improved multivariate optimization. Three factors were evaluated: (i) adsorbent nature (neutral alumina, silica gel and C18); (ii) eluent strength (dimethylformamide, methanol and acetonitrile); and (iii) sample-adsorbent ratio (1:1; 1:5; and 1:10, m/m). Successful extraction of dyes was achieved using dimethylformamide as eluent, neutral alumina as adsorbent and sample:adsorbent ratio of 1:5 (m/m). Adsorption and kinetic studies suggest strong interaction between dye and adsorbent. Furthermore, employing digital image colorimetric detection, the study observed limit of detection (LOD) ranging between 3.8 to 29.8 µg L − 1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) ranging between 12.3 to 90.3 µg L − 1 with R2 > 0.9927 for both dyes, CV and CR, respectively. Notably, recovery was greater than 86 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) inferior to 7 % (n = 3). These findings indicate the effectiveness of the improved multivariate optimization technique in conjunction with matrix solid-phase dispersion for successful extraction and quantification of dyes from shrimp samples, showing its potential for accurate and sensitive detection in similar analyses. The proposed method was compared with the gold method (UV/Vis spectroscopy) and the statistical treatment showed that the results of both methods are comparable.

Resumo: A translação do conhecimento (TC) tem como propósito a utilização prática dos resultados de pesquisas científicas e o monitoramento dos benefícios causados à saúde da população. Na área de saúde, o governo e, principalmente, a sociedade esperam que os investimentos em pesquisas obtenham resultados que vão além da produção e da publicação do conhecimento, e provoquem soluções como políticas públicas, sistemas, produtos e tecnologias para beneficiar a saúde da população. Contudo, verifica-se ainda a necessidade de superar diversos desafios para eliminar as lacunas existentes entre a investigação e a aplicação. O objetivo deste estudo é propor estratégias, com base na identificação de barreiras e fatores facilitadores de um instituto de ciência e tecnologia (ICT) em saúde, para fomentar o processo de transformação do conhecimento científico, gerado nas pesquisas, em ações e produtos que contribuam para a melhoria da saúde da população. Os relatos das entrevistas, realizadas com 16 pesquisadores, permitiram a identificação de 10 categorias de barreiras, tendo destaque: “financiamento em ciência, tecnologia e informação (CT&I) limitado” e “apoio técnico insuficiente para a translação do conhecimento”. “Infraestrutura e apoio institucional” foi a categoria de fatores facilitadores mais citada pelos participantes. Por fim, foi desenvolvido o artefato “estratégias e abordagens para superação de barreiras à implementação de resultados de pesquisa”. Entre as estratégias, sugere-se a inclusão de uma disciplina de TC nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu e a criação de uma instância na estrutura organizacional do ICT voltada à prestação de suporte técnico e gerencial à aplicação de resultados de pesquisa.

Abstract The assessment of emotional intelligence is limited by the lack of psychometrically valid instruments. The present study aimed at cross-culturally adapting and validating the Emotional Intelligence Self-perception Questionnaire (EIQ-SP) in samples of Brazilian and Portuguese university students. Within this scope, in a sample of 1,074 students, reliability, construct-related validity, and criterion-related validity were analyzed. Additionally, metric invariance between the two samples and between genders was assessed. EIQ-SP showed appropriate psychometric qualities in its validation for use in Brazil, maintaining Mayer and Salovey’s four-branch model. With a short application time, simple and objective language, its small number of questions makes it an attractive and valuable instrument to investigate Emotional Intelligence.

Objetivo: verificar a ocorrência de violência obstétrica em uma maternidade pública de uma capital norte-brasileira, na percepção de puérperas. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório e quantitativo, realizado com 123 puérperas internadas em alojamento conjunto. Os dados foram coletados em junho e julho de 2020, por meio de um questionário estruturado, analisados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences®, versão 21. Resultados: a maioria desconhecia (59,3%) mas vivenciou (74,8%) a violência obstétrica. As práticas prevalentes foram peregrinação (34,1%), não ter acompanhante (22,8%), bebê retirado do campo de visão (20,3%), proibição de ingestão de alimentos (18,7%), toques vaginais repetitivos (17,9%), manobra de Kristeller (14,6%) e litotomia (12,2%), ocorridos no setor pré-parto, parto e pós parto (83,1%) e a categoria médica (92,8%) envolvida. Conclusão: houve alta ocorrência, inferindo mudanças na conduta profissional e reformulação de políticas para um cuidado integral à mulher no período gravídico-puerperal.

A translação do conhecimento (TC) visa à utilização prática dos resultados de pesquisas científicas e o monitoramento dos benefícios causados à saúde da população. O objetivo deste estudo foi instrumentalizar a instância de suporte à TC por meio da identificação dos requisitos funcionais de uma proposta de plataforma tecnológica. Fundamentando-se no Design Science Research, o estudo se enquadra como uma pesquisa qualitativa procurando resolver um problema prático num contexto específico. Por meio de um grupo focal confirmatório com profissionais e pesquisadores de um instituto de ciência e tecnologia em saúde, foram identificadas 11 categorias de requisitos funcionais: Órgãos Regulatórios, Infraestrutura de Implementação, Banco de Dados, Capacitações em TC, Eventos de TC, Perfil de Consultas, Portal TC, Avaliação de Iniciativas, Apoio Institucional, Ferramenta de Busca Parametrizada e Prospecção de Projetos de Pesquisa. A modelagem da proposta contemplou as sugestões de funcionalidades para instrumentalizar o processo de aplicação prática dos conhecimentos decorrentes das pesquisas.

Introdução: O leite materno atua na prevenção e controle de morbidades na infância e na vida adulta, sendo imprescindível para a proteção e promoção da saúde dos lactentes, influenciando biológica e emocionalmente no seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Porém, muitas mães preferem promover o desmame precocemente e diversos podem ser os fatores que influenciam na gênese desse acontecimento. Objetivo: Diante do que foi exposto, o objetivo do estudo é realizar uma busca na literatura sobre os fatores que influenciam o desmame precoce. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa. Para busca e seleção dos estudos utilizou-se as seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde-BVS, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 15 estudos, os quais foram publicados entre os anos de 2015 e 2019. Resultados: Expostos os resultados e a articulação entre os conteúdos dos trabalhos científicos selecionados, percebe-se que existe uma variedade de fatores relacionados a interrupção do aleitamento materno. Na realização do presente estudo, houve um maior destaque para o retorno da mãe ao trabalho, o mito do leite fraco e/ou insuficiente, assim como a baixa escolaridade, idade materna e traumas mamilares. Considerações Finais: Portanto é necessário, trabalhar as políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para a prevenção do desmame precoce, a educação em saúde individual e coletiva durante o pré-natal, e acompanhamento da lactante pelas equipes de saúde durante todo o processo de lactação.

O objetivo deste artigo é indicar as possibilidades de reflexão sobre o direito à educação nos processos de formação inicial e continuada de professores tendo como base teórica o pensamento complexo. A reflexão foi elaborada a partir de um cotejamento dos documentos legais que tratam sobre o direito à educação, sendo estes: as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais Gerais para a Educação Básica (BRASIL, 2010) e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular para a Educação Básica (BRASIL, 2018). Para a análise tomou-se como referência bibliográfica as produções de Morin (2000, 2001 e 2002) que tratam dos conceitos indivíduo, humanidade e natureza humana. Considerou-se que o conceito de direito à educação presente nos referidos documentos legais requer uma concepção complexa do indivíduo interdependente à sociedade a qual pertence no contexto de uma rede de interações que ampliam a concepção sobre o direito à educação no contexto da formação de professores como direito social de pertencimento da sociedade. O direito social à educação deve considerar as múltiplas dimensões da vida e suas complexas relações, reconhecendo a interconexão de todos os aspectos da vida para promover processos educativos que favoreçam à solidariedade, à cooperação e ao diálogo entre indivíduos e grupos sociais como um todo num processo de permanente construção e manutenção da Democracia. Os pressupostos teóricos do pensamento complexo podem colaborar para que produção de um conhecimento pertinente sobre o direito à educação. Conhecimento que religue os saberes, que compreenda multidimensional dos fenômenos com vista à uma nova postura epistemológica sobre a concepção de vida e de educação. Palavras-chave: Direito à Educação; Formação de professores; Pensamento Complexo.

Objetivo: Relatar a aplicação do jogo escape room como estratégia de educação permanente para o desenvolvimento da competência atitudinal na prevenção de lesão por pressão em unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência da aplicação do jogo escape room como estratégia de educação permanente para a prevenção de lesão por pressão, que foi direcionada a profissionais de enfermagem das unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital público acreditado do estado do Ceará. Resultados: Participaram da atividade 59 colaboradores, o que representou uma taxa de adesão de 44,36% frente ao quantitativo total de profissionais. O aproveitamento das equipes na participação da atividade foi de 100%, ou seja, todos os colaboradores conseguiram escapar da sala no tempo estipulado. Os profissionais avaliaram a metodologia adotada por meio do debriefing e relataram as emoções despertadas, demonstrando satisfação e percepção positiva deste método de ensino-aprendizagem. Considerações finais: A utilização dessa estratégia evidenciou a importância da adoção de atividades lúdicas e dinâmicas para a educação permanente em saúde. O uso do escape room enquanto abordagem educativa possibilitou sensibilizar as equipes de enfermagem no que tange às boas práticas para prevenção de lesão por pressão nas unidades de terapia intensiva, envolver os colaboradores de forma mais ativa no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e, contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da competência atitudinal na prática clínica. Palavras-chave: Tecnologia Educacional. Estomaterapia. Lesão por pressão. Educação Continuada. Educação Baseada em Competências.

BackgroundImmunoglobulin A (IgA) is the mammalian mucosal antibody, providing an important line of defense against pathogens. With 15 IgA subclasses, the European rabbit has an extremely complex IgA system, strikingly more complex than most other mammals, which have only one IgA or, in the case of hominoids, two IgA subclasses. Similar to the two hominoid primate IGHA genes, the expansion of the rabbit IGHA genes appears to have begun in an ancestral lagomorph since multiple IgA copies were found by Southern blot analysis for the genera Sylvilagus, Lepus, and Ochotona.ResultsTo gain a better insight into the extraordinary lagomorph IgA evolution, we sequenced, for the first time, expressed IgA genes for two Lepus species, L. europaeus and L. granatensis. These were aligned with the 15 rabbit IgA isotypes, and evolutionary analyses were conducted. The obtained phylogenetic tree shows that the Lepus IgA sequences cluster with and among the rabbit IgA isotypes, and the interspecies and intraspecies nucleotide genetic distances are similar. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of the Lepus and rabbit IgA confirms that there are two trans-species polymorphisms and that the rabbit and Lepus sequences share a common genetic pool. In fact, the main differences between the studied leporids IgAs reside in the characteristics of the hinge region.ConclusionThe Lepus IgA sequences we have obtained strongly suggest that the great expansion of the leporid IGHA genes occurred in a common ancestral species and was then maintained in the descendants. A strong selective pressure caused the extraordinary expansion of the IGHA genes but then subsided, leading to the maintenance of the acquired polymorphisms in the descendants, with little subsequent divergence. This is a unique evolutionary pattern in which an ancient gene expansion has been maintained for approximately 18 million years.

Tratamos a(s) concepção(ões) de gramática que norteia(m) o ensino de Língua portuguesa no Ensino Médio. A partir disso, objetivamos compreender de que maneira(s) essa(s) concepção(ões) pode(m), ou não, promo- ver o desenvolvimento da competência comunicativa dos educandos. Para tanto, selecionamos um grupo de professores que trabalham com a disciplina de Língua portuguesa, em duas escolas de Ensino Médio, localizadas na cidade de Mauriti-CE. Aos profissionais selecionados, aplicamos um questionário por meio do qual obtivemos um panorama acerca da(s) concepção(ões) de gramática que norteiam suas aulas. Os dados obtidos foram analisados e discutidos à luz de diferentes teóricos, como: Franchi (1991); Azeredo (2000); Travaglia (2009); Antunes (2007, 2014); Faraco e Zilles (2017), dentre outros. No que concerne os resultados, destacamos que, nas falas dos profissionais entrevistados, predominam as concepções de gramática normativa e internalizada, sendo esta última de suma importância para desenvolver um trabalho mais produtivo com a Língua Portuguesa em sala de aula. Afinal, é por meio da concepção de gramática internalizada que se abre espaço para o trabalho com a linguagem em uso – fato que exige a análise, a compreensão e a produção dos mais variados textos orais e escritos, contribuindo, assim, para a ampliação da competência comunicativa dos usuários da língua.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to conduct a literature review on self-perception of oral aesthetics in individuals undergoing cosmetic dental treatment and its impact on quality of life. Methods: 834 articles were found, of these, 31 articles were selected and accessed from the scientific productions indexed in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO electronic databases. To rescue the sample, the following descriptors were used in Portuguese: estética dentária, odontologia cosmética, autoimagem and autopercepção; and in English: dental esthetics, cosmetic dentistry, self-image and self-perception, from 2016 to 2021. Results: The articles highlighted the relationship between aesthetic self-perception and the need for treatment. It was found that the aesthetic and psychosocial self-perception had a positive impact, improving the self-esteem and quality of life of individuals after undergoing aesthetic dental treatments. Conclusions: The research considered that new studies should be carried out on this theme, and that dentists should seek more knowledge related to oral and general health conditions, as well as on the self-perception of oral aesthetics, in order to prepare them for the performance. of interventions and planning of curative actions.

ABSTRACT. The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) tends to increase worldwide in the coming decades. Thus, the incidence of falls is likely to increase, with a relevant burden on the health care system. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical factors and drug use associated with falls in PD patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Movement Disorders outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Northeast Brazil. We performed structured interviews to collect sociodemographic and clinical data. Functional capacity was assessed using the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale and the modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging Scale. We divided the study sample into non-fallers (no falls) and fallers (≥1 fall), and non-recurrent (≤1 fall) and recurrent fallers (>1 fall). Results: The study population comprised 327 PD patients (48% women), with a mean age of 70 years. The mean disease duration was 9.9±6.9 years. The most prevalent comorbidities were depression (47.2%), hypertension (44.0%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (21.5%). The logistic regression analysis revealed that hallucinations, amantadine, and catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors (entacapone) were independently associated with falls in PD patients. Also, hallucinations, dyskinesia, and the use of amantadine were independently associated with recurrent falls. Conclusions: Health care providers play an essential role in fall prevention in PD patients, particularly by identifying older adults experiencing dyskinesia and visual hallucinations. Prospective studies should investigate the use of amantadine as a risk factor for falls in PD patients.

Abstract Considering the environment of risks and influences inherent in the decision-making process for credit-granting operations, it has become a matter of survival for financial organizations to seek to improve how they engage in effective decision-making to ensure that their returns on invested capital will meet the expectations established at the beginning of the process. A credit-granting sorting model for financial organizations is proposed. The model aggregates the perspectives of different decision-makers to support an organization in the process of credit analysis and, consequently, to improve its operationality. The decision-making model is based on the ELECTRE TRI-B multicriteria method. It sorts credit-granting proposals into three classes, namely credit approved, technical analysis, and credit rejected. The group decision emerges from the decision rules of the organization’s executive board. This new proposed approach to dealing with credit-granting results in the systematization of credit analysis, reduction of doubt among decision-makers, avoidance of the emergence of informal groups, reduction of conflicts within a financial organization, and external interferences.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulse wave velocity is used to diagnose central arterial stiffness (CAS) and quantify healthy vascular aging (HVA). Objective: To evaluate the CAS and HVA in elderly patients with systemic blood pressure levels classified as optimal/normal. Methods: A total of 102 patients without comorbidities and with systolic pressure (SP) < 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure (DP) < 80 mmHg were selected from the EVOPIU database (Pulse Wave Velocity of Elderly Individuals in an Urban area of Brazil). The carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-fPWV) and the central and peripheral pressures were evaluated in all patients. The patients were divided into four groups: G1: (n = 19, with c-fPWV < 7.6 m/s, without medication), G2 (n = 26, c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s; without medication), G3 (n = 25, c-fPWV < 7.6 m/s with antihypertensive medication), and G4 (n = 32, c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s with antihypertensive medication). Results: In our sample, 56.7% of patients had c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s. The central systolic pressure in G1 [99 (10) mmHg] was lower than that found in the other three groups [vs. 112 (14) mmHg, 111 (15), 112 (20) mmHg; P < 0.05)]. Conclusion: Older people with optimal arterial blood pressure do not necessarily have HVA and could have c-fPWV values close to the limits established for CAS diagnosis.

BackgroundThe transcytosis of polymeric immunoglobulins, IgA and IgM, across the epithelial barrier to the luminal side of mucosal tissues is mediated by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). At the luminal side the extracellular ligand binding region of pIgR, the secretory component (SC), is cleaved and released bound to dimeric IgA (dIgA), protecting it from proteolytic degradation, or in free form, protecting the mucosa form pathogens attacks. The pIgR was first cloned for rabbit in early 1980’s and since then has been described for all vertebrates, from fish to mammals. The existence of more than one functional pIgR alternative-spliced variant in the European rabbit, the complete pIgR as other mammals and a shorter pIgR lacking two SC exons, raised the question whether other lagomorphs share the same characteristics and how has the PIGR gene evolved in these mammals.ResultsTo investigate these questions, we sequenced expressed pIgR genes for other leporid genus, Lepus spp., and obtained and aligned pIgR sequences from representative species of all mammalian orders. The obtained mammalian phylogeny, as well as the Bayesian inference of evolutionary rates and genetic distances, show that Lagomorpha pIgR is evolving at a higher substitution rate. Codon-based analyses of positive selection show that mammalian pIgR is evolving under strong positive selection, with strong incidence in the domains excised from the rabbit short pIgR isoform. We further confirmed that the hares also express the two rabbit pIgR isoforms.ConclusionsThe Lagomorpha pIgR unique evolutionary pattern may reflect a group specific adaptation. The pIgR evolution may be linked to the unusual expansion of IgA genes observed in lagomorphs, or to neofunctionalization in this group. Further studies are necessary to clarify the driving forces behind the unique lagomorph pIgR evolution.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical profile of 1-to-5year head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors, and they oral features that could affect QoL. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, medical records of 184 were reviewed concerning demographic, clinical and tumour characteristics. 40 of them underwent a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire and assessment of xerostomia (XA), using the oral health impact profile -14 (OHIP-14) and the xerostomia inventory (XI). Salivary flow was determined by measurement of stimulated whole salivary flow rate (SWSFR) and the number of teeth (NT) by determining the number of extracted and/or lost teeth. One-sample t-test, absolute and relative frequencies and Spearman’s correlation test was used for statistical analysis of data. Results: Most HNC patients were male, aged between 50 and 60 years, alcohol and tobacco users, with low educational attainment, several comorbidities, and pharyngeal tumours. The high scores in the OHIP-14 (23.82±14.0) and XI (39.2±7.6) indicated that most patients had their QoL adversely affected and had xerostomia. Mean SWSFR was 0.2mL/ min, and 15% (n=28) of patients were edentulous. The Spearman test showed a significant correlation between QoL and xerostomia, and salivary flow and QoL. Conclusion: This study evaluated characteristics of head and neck cancers (HNC) concerning demographic, clinical and tumour characteristics, quality of life (QoL), xerostomia, salivary flow, and number of teeth (NT) through an observational and cross-sectional study.

Os serviços de conservação são fundamentais para a garantia do desempenho das rodovias. Nesta pesquisa foi realizada uma análise do estado de conservação da rodovia PB-293 para identificar as manifestações patológicas encontradas e sugerir soluções para as mesmas. Ainda, foi definido um trecho de 1,0 km da rodovia e propôs-se dois tipos de pavimentação, sendo uma flexível em tratamento superficial duplo e outra rígida de concreto. A metodologia utilizada para a elaboração dos custos estimativos dos serviços de implantação, conservação e recuperação foi auxiliada pelo simulador online de custos médios gerenciais do Instituto Brasileiro de Economia (IBRE) da Fundação Getúlio Vargas e do Sistema de Custos Referenciais de Obras (SICRO) do DNIT. Com o levantamento, observou-se que o pavimento flexível, na análise de 20 anos, apresentou uma diferença de R$ 277.013,82, ou seja, 27,26% a menos que o pavimento rígido proposto. Já, na análise de 40 anos, os dois pavimentos apresentaram quantitativo de custos estimativos muito próximos, com uma diferença de R$ 24.962,36, correspondente a 1,47% a mais para o pavimento flexível, neste caso. Vale ressaltar que, além dos custos, outros fatores devem ser levados em conta no planejamento de conservação e recuperação de uma rodovia.

Background: Microscopy is a resource used in endodontics as an aid in the study of pulp and periapical pathologies; it has allowed Endodontics to become more accurate, less invasive and has enabled greater chances of success in treatment. We aimed to map the scientific production on “microscopy” and “endodontics” in the databases, the ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science tm. Methods: This bibliometric survey was conducted using ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science database, in the time frame between the years 1945 and 2016, the first being found in 1981. Results: Overall, 287 articles were identified. These articles are published in 63 different journals and were written by 1145 authors who have links to 336 institutions, located in 46 countries. To achieve these articles, 5,668 references were used, with an average of approximately 20 references per article. In the national literature the number of studies on the subject is broad compared to the international literature. Conclusion: The bibliometric review showed the potential of microscopy in clinical practice, the continuity of the investigation, in view of the need to expand knowledge on the topic that remains relevant.

The study aimed to estimate sex differences in body mass index (BMI), motor competence (MC), health-related physical fitness (HRPF), perceived motor competence (PMC), and physical activity (PA) and to identify individual predictors associated with overweight in Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted, sampling 217 Brazilian children aged between 6-10 years old. PA was measured through pedometers. MC and PMC were estimated, respectively, by the Test of Gross Motor Development (second edition) battery and the Pictographic Scale of Perceived Competence Assessment in Motor Skills, while the HRPF was estimated through abdominal, upper limb and lower strength, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was computed. Statistical analyses involved the use of the Mann Whitney U test and multiple logistic regression. Sex differences were observed for HRPF score, mean of weekend steps and total steps/week, favouring boys (p< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that MC (OR= 0.97; 95%CI 0.92–0.98) and HRPF (OR= 0.78; 95%CI 0.66–0.93) were significantly associated with overweight, while any significant association were observed for PA and PMC. Results highlight that increases in MC and HRPF reduced the chances of children being overweight.

Immunoglobulin A provides a major line of defence against pathogens and plays a key role in the maintenance of the commensal microbiota in the intestinal tract. Having been shown to be more effective at tumour cell killing than IgG and strongly active against pathogens present in the mucosae, IgA antibodies have been attracting significant attention in recent years for use as therapeutic antibodies. To improve their therapeutic potential, bioengineered IgA forms with increased serum half-life and neutralizing abilities have been developed but the IgA hinge, which impacts susceptibility to bacterial proteases and ability to bridge between target and effector cells, has not yet been explored. The European rabbit has 15 IgA subclasses with exclusive hinge region motifs and varying lengths, constituting a unique model to evaluate the functional capabilities offered by incorporation of longer IgA hinges into immunoglobulins. Hinge regions from rabbit IgAs, featuring different lengths and sequences, were inserted into human IgA1 heavy chain to substitute the IgA1 hinge. These hinges did not appear to affect antigen binding nor the ability of the engineered chimeric IgA1 to bind and trigger FcαRI, as detected by IgA-mediated cell agglutination and release of superoxide by neutrophils. All rabbit hinge-human IgA1 hybrids were resistant to Clostridrum ramosum IgA protease enzyme digestion, as predicted by the lack of the cleavage site in the rabbit hinges. Some IgA1s featuring long rabbit hinges were cleaved by Neisseria meningitidis IgA1 protease cleavage type 1 or 2 enzymes, despite the lack of the predicted cleavage sites. More interestingly, the hybrid featuring the rabbit IgA15 hinge was not affected by any of the IgA proteases. The IgA15 hinge is longer than that found in human IgA1 and is composed by a unique motif with a stretch of nine consecutive Ser residues. These characteristics allow the preservation of a long hinge, with associated ability to bridge distantly spaced antigens and provide higher avidity binding, while remaining resistant to IgA protease degradation. The data suggest that the rabbit Cα15 hinge represents an interesting alternative hinge sequence for therapeutic human IgA antibodies that remains resistant to proteolytic cleavage.

Road accidents are a worldwide problem, affecting millions of people annually. One way to reduce such accidents is to predict risk areas and alert drivers. Advanced research has been carried out on identifying accident-influencing factors and potential highway risk areas to mitigate the number of road accidents. Machine learning techniques have been used to build prediction models using a supervised classification based on a labeled dataset. In this work, we experimented with many machine learning algorithms to discover the best classifier for the Brazilian federal road hotspots associated with severe or nonsevere accident risk using several features. We tested with SVM, random forest, and a multi-layer perceptron neural network. The dataset contains a ten-year road accident report by the Brazilian Federal Highway Police. The feature set includes spatial footprint, weekday and time when the accident happened, road type, route, orientation, weather conditions, and accident type. The results were promising, and the neural network model provided the best results, achieving an accuracy of 83%, a precision of 84%, a recall of 83%, and an F1-score of 82%.

The association between mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-like sequences and human breast cancer (BC) is largely documented in the literature, but further research is needed to determine how they influence carcinogenesis. APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases are viral restriction factors that have been implicated in cancer mutagenesis, and a germline deletion that results in the fusion of the APOBEC3A coding region with the APOBEC3B 3′-UTR has been linked to increased mutagenic potential, enhanced risk of BC development, and poor prognosis. However, little is known about factors influencing APOBEC3 family activation in cancer. Thus, we hypothesized that MMTV infection and APOBEC3-mediated mutagenesis may be linked in the pathogenesis of BC. We investigated APOBEC3A/B genotyping, MMTV-like positivity, and clinicopathological parameters of 209 BC patients. We show evidence for active APOBEC3-mediated mutagenesis in human-derived MMTV sequences and comparatively investigate the impact of APOBEC3A/B germline deletion in MMTV-like env positive and negative BC in a Brazilian cohort. In MMTV-like negative samples, APOBEC3A/B deletion was negatively correlated with tumor stage while being positively correlated with estrogen receptor expression. Although APOBEC3A/B was not associated with MMTV-like positivity, samples carrying both MMTV-like positivity and APOBEC3A/B deletion had the lowest age-at-diagnosis of all study groups, with all patients being less than 50 years old. These results indicate that APOBEC3 mutagenesis is active against MMTV-like sequences, and that APOBEC3A/B deletion might act along with the MMTV-like presence to predispose people to early-onset BC.

Este artigo é resultado de três pesquisas históricas realizadas em instituições escolares da Bahia. Apresentamos algumas transcrições de entrevistas semiestruturadas as quais têm como intuito identificar práticas de ensino da matemática em diferentes recortes de tempo. A primeira pesquisa, em fase de desenvolvimento, está sendo feita com o Grupo Escolar Conselheiro Zacarias de Góes entre os anos de 1940 e 1990, na cidade de Valença/BA. A segunda pesquisa em fase final foi realizada com o Grupo Escolar Instituto São Tarcísio entre os anos de 1954 e 2009, no município de Vitória da Conquista/BA. A terceira pesquisa também em fase final foi feita com o Grupo Escolar Adélia da Matta entre os anos de 1960 e 1990, na cidade de Ipiaú/BA. Os três Grupos Escolares já foram extintos, no período correspondente aos anos finais no recorte temporal de cada pesquisa. O Grupo de Estudos em Educação Matemática/GEEM possui um projeto guarda-chuva intitulado “O Ensino de Matemática no Curso Primário no Estado da Bahia: a caracterização de um percurso” no qual essas e outras pesquisas buscam colaborar em seu principal objetivo de mapear por vários municípios da Bahia, práticas com o ensino da matemática. As memórias das aulas de matemática que constituem a produção desse trabalho em diferentes períodos, contribuem para a educação matemática, na perspectiva histórica, que vem sendo construída no decorrer dos últimos anos no estado da Bahia.

Com base nos postulados teórico-metodológicos da Sociolinguística variacionista e da Teoria da difusão lexical, investigamos o comportamento variável da fricativa alveopalatal sonora /ʒ/ em início de sílaba e em amostra de linguagem falada culta de Fortaleza - CE. Objetivamos analisar a atuação de fatores linguísticos e extralinguísticos sobre a manutenção de [ʒ] em coocorrência com sua aspiração [h]. Para tanto, selecionamos uma amostra de linguagem falada composta por 18 inquéritos extraídos do Projeto Português Oral Culto de Fortaleza (PORCUFORT). Em linhas gerais, verificamos que são pertinentes para o fenômeno em foco os grupos de fatores linguísticos Natureza do vocábulo e o Contexto fonológico subsequente. Quanto aos fatores extralinguísticos, o sexo e a faixa etária atuam sobre o comportamento variável de /ʒ/. A partir desses resultados, concluímos que, na amostra de fala deste estudo, a realização da fricativa /ʒ/, em início de sílaba, é um fenômeno variável devidamente influenciado por fatores de ordem interna e externa ao sistema linguístico.

Purpose: Textile manufacturers worldwide are reformulating their networks, often outsourcing them to maintain a competitive advantage and increase market share. From this perspective, the purpose of this study is support the partnership selection process to develop a sustainable chain that effectively meets customer needs. Brazil has the largest textile and apparel chain in the West and is distinguished by its completeness, from fiber production, spinning, weaving, knitting, finishing and sewing to fashion shows. However, a firm's relationship, especially in the production stage, is based on informal contracts, which result in a negative operational impact. Design/methodology/approach: A methodological framework was developed based on a stable matching process to determine the optimal supplier network structure. This study presents a model application for the denim apparel chain in northeast Brazil. Findings: In these environments, providing choices and recommending suppliers can be beneficial for effectively attending to demand requests, reducing production costs and improving quality through collaboration with sense relationships in a network. Thus, this study presents a better match from the negotiators' perspective. Originality/value: The findings of this research are of primary interest for guiding collaborative network composition in the textile and apparel chain. In particular, apparel domain companies can improve their effectiveness in decision-making by measuring the characteristics and potential of all companies involved in networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An acute inflammatory condition that affects the skin and mucosa, erythema multiforme is caused by a cell-mediated immune response. This paper reports the case of a patient diagnosed with erythema multiforme. A 29-year-old male patient reported pain in the mouth and throat lesions. During intraoral examination the presence of erosive and ulcerated lesions was noted, with erythematous coloration, disseminated, diffuse limits, irregular format, hemorrhagic and ulcerated surface in the buccal mucosa, soft palate, and lateral border of the tongue. Incisional biopsy was performed. Histopathology revealed a parakeratinized epithelium with hyperplasia, acanthosis, hydropic degeneration, focal exocytosis, and ulcers covered with fibrinous exudate. The lamina propria of fibrous connective tissue was permeated by intense mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. The conclusion was a chronic nonspecific inflammatory process with perivascular disposition, confirming the diagnosis of erythema multiforme. Total remission was obtained with prednisolone 20 mg for 30 days without relapse for 3 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oral melanotic macula is a color change of the mucosa by the focal increase in melanin and melanocytes. The objective of this work is to report the case of a 46-year-old female patient, with an 8-month evolution of a black lesion in the labial region. The patient presented to the stomatology service complaining about "a stain on her lip." On extraoral examination, a single brown macula, uniformly pigmented in the vermillion of the lower lip, noninfiltrating, smooth surface, and measuring 1.4 × 0.9 cm, was observed. On intraoral examination, there was nothing worth noting. The clinical diagnosis was a labial melanotic macula. An excisional biopsy was performed and the histologic sections stained in hematoxylin and eosin revealed areas of pigmentary incontinence of probable inflammatory cause, confirming the oral melanotic macula diagnosis. It is important that pigmented lesions are biopsied to eliminate the possibility of malignant lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report is about a 61-year-old brown-skinned male patient who underwent cancer treatment 7 years ago and attended the stomatology service reporting "a yellowish mass in the jaw." On intraoral examination, in the region of the alveolar ridge on the right side the presence of a single, yellowish mass was observed, exposed through the loss of integrity of the alveolar mucosa compatible with bone sequestration. The clinical hypothesis was osteoradionecrosis. The patient was referred for hyperbaric oxygenation and, shortly after the configuration of this step, he was reassessed and directed to the buccomaxillofacial surgeon. An excisional biopsy was performed, which resulted in fragments of compact bone tissue with areas of necrosis and bacterial colonies. The patient is undergoing clinical follow-up and imaging examination. This case reinforces the importance of the stomatologist in elucidating the diagnosis and directing treatment, maintaining quality of life for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to report the case of a 63-year-old dark-skinned male patient who attended the stomatology service reporting,:I feel something under my tongue." On extraoral examination, there was nothing worthy of noting. Intraoral examination showed a nodular lesion, located on the floor of the mouth on the right side, extending from canine area up to the second premolar, with a normal color and hard consistency, measuring 2.3 × 1.8 × 0.5 cm, without painful symptoms. The clinical hypothesis was sialolithiasis. A complementary imaging exam, occlusal x-ray, was requested, and a radiopacity compatible with a calcified mass was observed. After surgical removal by means of an excisional biopsy, histopathologic sections revealed fragments of amorphous eosinophilic material showing lines of concentric calcifications, confirming the clinical and imaging diagnosis of sialolithiasis. This case reinforces the importance of the stomatologist in elucidating the correct diagnosis of pathologies of salivary glands to guide conservative treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to report the case of a 55-year-old dark-skinned male patient, with a 20-year history of drinking, who attended the stomatology service with the main complaint of a "mass in the roof of the mouth" with an evolution of 1 month. On extraoral examination, no changes were observed. On intraoral examination, a single nodular lesion with red coloration, smooth surface with an angiogenesis aspect was observed, without sensitivity, located on the soft palate, measuring 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm × 0.5 cm. The suggestive clinical diagnoses were pleomorphic adenoma (AP) and adenocarcinoma. An incisional biopsy was performed, and histologic sections stained in hematoxylin and eosin revealed benign salivary gland neoplasia, confirming the hypothesis of AP. The patient was referred to the maxillofacial surgeon for treatment. This case reinforces the importance of the stomatologist in elucidating cases of neoplasms in salivary glands with clinical presentation suggestive of malignancy as well as in directing the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the mammalian mucosal antibody, providing an important line of defense against pathogens. With 15 IgA subclasses, the European rabbit has an extremely complex IgA system, strikingly more complex than most other mammals, which have only one IgA or, in the case of hominoids, two IgA subclasses. Similar to the two hominoid primate IGHA genes, the expansion of the rabbit IGHA genes appears to have begun in an ancestral lagomorph since multiple IgA copies were found by Southern blot analysis for the genera Sylvilagus , Lepus , and Ochotona ., Results: To gain a better insight into the extraordinary lagomorph IgA evolution, we sequenced, for the first time, expressed IgA genes for two Lepus species, L. europaeus and L. granatensis . These were aligned with the 15 rabbit IgA isotypes, and evolutionary analyses were conducted. The obtained phylogenetic tree shows that the Lepus IgA sequences cluster with and among the rabbit IgA isotypes, and the interspecies and intraspecies nucleotide genetic distances are similar. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of the Lepus and rabbit IgA confirms that there are two trans-species polymorphisms and that the rabbit and Lepus sequences share a common genetic pool. In fact, the main differences between the studied leporids IgAs reside in the characteristics of the hinge region., Conclusion: The Lepus IgA sequences we have obtained strongly suggest that the great expansion of the leporid IGHA genes occurred in a common ancestral species and was then maintained in the descendants. A strong selective pressure caused the extraordinary expansion of the IGHA genes but then subsided, leading to the maintenance of the acquired polymorphisms in the descendants, with little subsequent divergence. This is a unique evolutionary pattern in which an ancient gene expansion has been maintained for approximately 18 million years., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Pinheiro, de Sousa-Pereira and Esteves.)

Background: The transcytosis of polymeric immunoglobulins, IgA and IgM, across the epithelial barrier to the luminal side of mucosal tissues is mediated by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). At the luminal side the extracellular ligand binding region of pIgR, the secretory component (SC), is cleaved and released bound to dimeric IgA (dIgA), protecting it from proteolytic degradation, or in free form, protecting the mucosa form pathogens attacks. The pIgR was first cloned for rabbit in early 1980's and since then has been described for all vertebrates, from fish to mammals. The existence of more than one functional pIgR alternative-spliced variant in the European rabbit, the complete pIgR as other mammals and a shorter pIgR lacking two SC exons, raised the question whether other lagomorphs share the same characteristics and how has the PIGR gene evolved in these mammals., Results: To investigate these questions, we sequenced expressed pIgR genes for other leporid genus, Lepus spp., and obtained and aligned pIgR sequences from representative species of all mammalian orders. The obtained mammalian phylogeny, as well as the Bayesian inference of evolutionary rates and genetic distances, show that Lagomorpha pIgR is evolving at a higher substitution rate. Codon-based analyses of positive selection show that mammalian pIgR is evolving under strong positive selection, with strong incidence in the domains excised from the rabbit short pIgR isoform. We further confirmed that the hares also express the two rabbit pIgR isoforms., Conclusions: The Lagomorpha pIgR unique evolutionary pattern may reflect a group specific adaptation. The pIgR evolution may be linked to the unusual expansion of IgA genes observed in lagomorphs, or to neofunctionalization in this group. Further studies are necessary to clarify the driving forces behind the unique lagomorph pIgR evolution., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Neves, de Sousa-Pereira, Melo-Ferreira, Esteves and Pinheiro.)

Immunoglobulin A provides a major line of defence against pathogens and plays a key role in the maintenance of the commensal microbiota in the intestinal tract. Having been shown to be more effective at tumour cell killing than IgG and strongly active against pathogens present in the mucosae, IgA antibodies have been attracting significant attention in recent years for use as therapeutic antibodies. To improve their therapeutic potential, bioengineered IgA forms with increased serum half-life and neutralizing abilities have been developed but the IgA hinge, which impacts susceptibility to bacterial proteases and ability to bridge between target and effector cells, has not yet been explored. The European rabbit has 15 IgA subclasses with exclusive hinge region motifs and varying lengths, constituting a unique model to evaluate the functional capabilities offered by incorporation of longer IgA hinges into immunoglobulins. Hinge regions from rabbit IgAs, featuring different lengths and sequences, were inserted into human IgA1 heavy chain to substitute the IgA1 hinge. These hinges did not appear to affect antigen binding nor the ability of the engineered chimeric IgA1 to bind and trigger FcαRI, as detected by IgA-mediated cell agglutination and release of superoxide by neutrophils. All rabbit hinge-human IgA1 hybrids were resistant to Clostridrum ramosum IgA protease enzyme digestion, as predicted by the lack of the cleavage site in the rabbit hinges. Some IgA1s featuring long rabbit hinges were cleaved by Neisseria meningitidis IgA1 protease cleavage type 1 or 2 enzymes, despite the lack of the predicted cleavage sites. More interestingly, the hybrid featuring the rabbit IgA15 hinge was not affected by any of the IgA proteases. The IgA15 hinge is longer than that found in human IgA1 and is composed by a unique motif with a stretch of nine consecutive Ser residues. These characteristics allow the preservation of a long hinge, with associated ability to bridge distantly spaced antigens and provide higher avidity binding, while remaining resistant to IgA protease degradation. The data suggest that the rabbit Cα15 hinge represents an interesting alternative hinge sequence for therapeutic human IgA antibodies that remains resistant to proteolytic cleavage., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 de Sousa-Pereira, Lanning, Esteves, Spoerry, Woof and Pinheiro.)

Human SERINC5 (SER5) protein is a recently described restriction factor against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), which is antagonized by HIV-1 Nef protein. Other retroviral accessory proteins such as the glycosylated Gag (glycoGag) from the murine leukemia virus (MLV) can also antagonize SER5. In addition, some viruses escape SER5 restriction by expressing a SER5-insensitive envelope (Env) glycoprotein. Here, we studied the activity of human and feline SER5 on HIV-1 and on the two pathogenic retroviruses in cats, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). HIV-1 in absence of Nef is restricted by SER5 from domestic cats and protected by its Nef protein. The sensitivity of feline retroviruses FIV and FeLV to human and feline SER5 is considerably different: FIV is sensitive to feline and human SER5 and lacks an obvious mechanism to counteract SER5 activity, while FeLV is relatively resistant to SER5 inhibition. We speculated that similar to MLV, FeLV-A or FeLV-B express glycoGag proteins and investigated their function against human and feline SER5 in wild type and envelope deficient virus variants. We found that the endogenous FeLV recombinant virus, FeLV-B but not wild type exogenous FeLV-A envelope mediates a strong resistance against human and feline SER5. GlycoGag has an additional but moderate role to enhance viral infectivity in the presence of SER5 that seems to be dependent on the FeLV envelope. These findings may explain, why in vivo FeLV-B has a selective advantage and causes higher FeLV levels in infected cats compared to infections of FeLV-A only., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)