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Objective To investigate the expression levels of thyroid transcription factor-1 （TTF-1） and CyclinD1 in ovarian cancer and analyze their relationship with lymphangiogenesis. Methods The ovarian cancer tissue samples were collected from 60 patients with ovarian cancer and corresponding ovarian tissue samples from 20 patients pathologically diagnosed with benign ovarian tumors and normal ovarian tissue were collected as the control group. Tissue sections were prepared for immunohistochemical staining of TTF-1， CyclinD1 and D2-40. The staining results of TTF-1 and CyclinD1 were evaluated based on semi-quantitative integration method. D2-40 staining results were assessed according to Weidner evaluation method. Lymphatic vessel density （LVD） was calculated. Results The positive expression rates of TTF-1 and CyclinD1 were 58% and 83% in the ovarian cancer tissues， which were higher than 5% and 10% in the normal cancer tissues（all P < 0.001）， respectively. The positive expression rates of TTF-1 and CyclinD1 were significantly increased in the ovarian cancer tissues with pathological stageⅢ-Ⅳ， lymph node metastasis， peritoneal metastasis， T3-T4 stage， N1 stage and M1 stage （all P < 0.05）. Age and histological type were not correlated with the positive expression rates of TTF-1 and CyclinD1 （all P > 0.05）. The LVD of ovarian cancer tissues with pathological stageⅢ-Ⅳ， lymph node metastasis and peritoneal metastasis was significantly increased （all P < 0.05）. The LVD of ovarian cancer tissues with positive expression of TTF-1 and CyclinD1 was significantly higher than that of ovarian cancer tissues with negative expression （both P < 0.05）. Conclusions TTF-1 and CyclinD1 are highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues. Patients with severe ovarian cancer， lymphangiogenesis and metastasis have high expression of TTF-1 and CyclinD1， which may be potential new targets for ovarian cancer interventions.

Problem: Pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and preterm birth persist, despite current interventions aimed at their prevention and treatment largely proving unsuccessful. Interleukin‐27 (IL‐27), composed of p28 and EBI3 subunits, binds to IL‐27R, which consists of gp130 and IL‐27Rα (also known as WSX‐1 or TCCR), and plays a pivotal role in tumor development and inflammation regulation. At the maternal‐fetal interface, IL‐27 expression has been detected in trophoblasts, endometrial stromal cells, and decidual cells. Abnormal levels of IL‐27/IL‐27R have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. This review aims to explore the expression of IL‐27 at the maternal‐fetal interface and its signaling pathway, uncovering the complex role of IL‐27 in pregnancy complications. Method of Study: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases, analyzing studies on IL‐27 expression and its signaling pathways at the maternal‐fetal interface. The review focused on identifying the presence of IL‐27 in various cell types and linking abnormal IL‐27/IL‐27R expression to pregnancy complications such as spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. Discussion and Conclusion: IL‐27 plays a complex role at the maternal‐fetal interface, with abnormal expression linked to several pregnancy complications. These findings highlight the need for further research to elucidate IL‐27's mechanisms and develop targeted interventions. Future studies should aim to develop targeted interventions and improve therapeutic strategies for managing pregnancy complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a targeted nanocarrier was developed by functionalizing graphene oxide with polyethyleneimine and folic acid, intended for loading oridonin. The nanocarrier was successfully synthesized and characterized using an ultraviolet spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The nanocarrier demonstrated a remarkable oridonin loading capacity, reaching 424.8 μg/mg, as determined by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography. In vitro drug release experiments exhibited a pH‐dependent release profile, with a higher cumulative release in an acidic environment. The release mechanism followed the Ritger–Peppas equation model. Cytotoxicity assays indicated minimal toxicity of the nanocarrier. Enhanced cellular uptake by MCF7 cells was observed for carriers functionalized with folate and polyethyleneimine. These findings highlight the potential of functionalized graphene oxide as a promising carrier for oridonin delivery in biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Age-related changes in the ovarian microenvironment are linked to impaired fertility in women. Macrophages play important roles in ovarian tissue homeostasis and immune surveillance. However, the impact of aging on ovarian macrophage function and ovarian homeostasis remains poorly understood. Methods: Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL staining were used to assess senescence and apoptosis, respectively. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and apoptosis in granulosa cells lines (KGN), and macrophages phagocytosis. After a 2-month treatment with low molecular weight Chitosan (LMWC), ovarian tissues from mice were collected for comprehensive analysis. Results: Compared with the liver and uterus, the ovary displayed accelerated aging in an age-dependent manner, which was accompanied by elevated levels of inflammatory factors and apoptotic cells, and impaired macrophage phagocytic activity. The aged KGN cells exhibited elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic levels alongside decreased MMP. H2O2-induced aging macrophages showed reduced phagocytosis function. Moreover, there were excessive aging macrophages with impaired phagocytosis in the follicular fluid of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Notably, LMWC administration alleviated ovarian aging by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and promoting tissue homeostasis. Conclusions: Aging ovarian is characterized by an accumulation of aging and apoptotic granulosa cells, an inflammatory response and macrophage phagocytosis dysfunction. In turn, impaired phagocytosis of macrophage contributes to insufficient clearance of aging and apoptotic granulosa cells and the increased risk of DOR. Additionally, LMWC emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy for age-related ovarian dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the relationships among self‐efficacy, information literacy, social support and career success of clinical nurses and identify factors influencing clinical nurses' career success in northwestern China. Background: Understanding the influencing factors of career success is important for the professional development of nurses and the improvement of clinical nursing quality. Many influencing factors of career success have been identified, but there is no large‐scale research on the relationships among self‐efficacy, information literacy, social support and career success of clinical nurses based on Kaleidoscope Career Model. Studies examining the association of the four factors remain limited. Methods: A total of 3011 clinical nurses from 30 hospitals in northwestern China were selected in the cross‐sectional survey, and the response rate was 94.71%. The clinical nurses completed the online self‐report questionnaires including self‐efficacy, information literacy, social support rating scale and career success scale. The data were analysed by SPSS23.0 statistical software using t test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyse the influencing factors of career success using Mplus 8.3. Results: The career success of clinical nurses in northwestern China was at a medium level. The linear multivariate regression analysis showed that self‐efficacy (β =.513), social support (β =.230), information support (β =.106), information consciousness (β = −.097), information knowledge (β =.067), information ethics (β = −.053), hospital grade (β =.118), marital status (β = −.071) and age (β = −.037) entered regression equation of clinical nurses' career success (all P <.05). SEM results showed that the career success was negatively correlated with demographic characteristics and positively correlated with social support and self‐efficacy. Conclusion: Demographic characteristics, self‐efficacy, social support and information literacy are the influencing factors of nurses' career success, which should be considered in the process of promoting nurses' career success. Implications for nursing management: Nursing managers need to acknowledge the significance of nurses' career success both for the realization of their own value and for the improvement of clinical nursing quality. They should encourage nurses to enhance self‐efficacy and render more social support through incentive policies and foster nurses' information literacy through information technology training so as to improve their career success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and demonstrate a data fragment multipath transmission scheme to achieve a secure optical communication based on polarization regulation. A dual-polarization Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) is driven by digital signals which are scattered by field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and transmitted in multiple paths. By utilizing two orthogonal polarization states, we have achieved a signal transmission under different optical parameters, and the transmission rate of the two paths can reach over 10 Gbps through a 20 km fiber with 2.5 Gbps hopping rate. In addition, we establish a theoretical model to analyze the security of the system and simulate brute force cracking; the probability of cracking the minimum information unit is 1.53 × 10 -53 . This proves that it is difficult to obtain a user data even using the fastest computers. Our scheme has provided, to our knowledge, a new approach for physical layer security.

Proper timing of vigilance states serves fundamental brain functions. Although disturbance of sleep onset rapid eye movement (SOREM) sleep is frequently reported after orexin deficiency, their causal relationship still remains elusive. Here, we further study a specific subgroup of orexin neurons with convergent projection to the REM sleep promoting sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (OX SLD neurons). Intriguingly, although OX SLD and other projection-labeled orexin neurons exhibit similar activity dynamics during REM sleep, only the activation level of OX SLD neurons exhibits a significant positive correlation with the post-inter-REM sleep interval duration, revealing an essential role for the orexin-sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) neural pathway in relieving REM sleep pressure. Monosynaptic tracing reveals that multiple inputs may help shape this REM sleep-related dynamics of OX SLD neurons. Genetic ablation further shows that the homeostatic architecture of sleep/wakefulness cycles, especially avoidance of SOREM sleep-like transition, is dependent on this activity. A positive correlation between the SOREM sleep occurrence probability and depression states of narcoleptic patients further demonstrates the possible significance of the orexin-SLD pathway on REM sleep homeostasis., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Hui Feng et al.)

Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1, encoded by the HMOX1 gene) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes heme degradation, and it has been reported to exert antioxidative effects. Recently, decidualization has been reported to confer resistance to environmental stress signals, protecting against oxidative stress. However, the effects and regulatory mechanism of HO-1 in decidual stromal cells (DSCs) during early pregnancy remain unknown. Here, we verified that the levels of HO-1 and heme in DSCs are increased compared with those in endometrial stromal cells. Additionally, the upregulation of HIF1A expression led to increased HMOX1 expression in DSCs possibly via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (encoded by the NFE2L2 gene). However, addition of the competitive HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX resulted in an increase in HIF1A expression. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased the cell viability of DSCs in vitro, and upregulated the level of heme. As an HO-1 inducer, cobalt protoporphyrin IX decreased ROS production and significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on cell viability. More importantly, patients with unexplained spontaneous abortion had low levels of HO-1 that were insufficient to protect against oxidative stress. This study suggests that the upregulation of HO-1 expression via HIF1A protects DSCs against excessive heme-mediated oxidative stress. Furthermore, the excessive oxidative stress injury and impaired viability of DSCs associated with decreased HO-1 expression should be associated with the occurrence and/or development of spontaneous abortion.