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CO2 capture and storage have been regarded as promising concepts to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions. However, the high cost, inferior adsorption capacity, and higher effective activation temperature of traditional sorbents limit their practical application in efficient CO2 capture. Here, a C‐S‐H@ZIF‐8 (C‐S‐Z) sorbent is fabricated by in situ growth of the ZIF‐8 shell on the C‐S‐H (calcium‐silicate‐hydrate) surface for ultra‐high CO2 adsorption and storage. Among the C‐S‐Z, the outer ZIF‐8 shell acts as a transport channel that promotes CO2 absorption toward the underlying C‐S‐H substrate for accelerated carbonation while preventing nitrogen and water from reaching the interior C‐S‐H. As a consequence, C‐S‐Z possesses the merits of ample pyrrolic nitrogen, porous structure, and ultra‐high surface area (577.18 m2 g−1), that contribute to an ultra‐high CO2 capture capacity, reaching 293.6 mg g−1. DFT calculations show a high CO2 adsorption energy and the mineral carbonation is dominant by the adsorption process. In particular, the advantages of the outstanding adsorption capacity, low cost, and high CO2 selectivity make this C‐S‐H‐based sorbent hold great potential in the practical application for direct air CO2 capture and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart materials and devices play an increasingly important role in improving modern life due to their richer functions, enhanced controllability, and improved biocompatibility. Herein, calcium silicate hydration (C–S–H) is integrated with layered [Co(NCS)2(pyrazine)2]n metal–organic frameworks (Co–MOF) and polymeric skeleton to fabricate the smart building material (M–C–S–H). C–S–H was anchored on the polymeric skeleton to reinforce the network structure for enhanced mechanical strength and toughness. Simultaneously, the highly porous skeleton structure enables the uniform distribution of layered Co–MOF, which could maintain its molecular form to endow the M–C–S–H with the photoresponsive color‐switching performance. The M–C–S–H as a smart building material exhibits the color change between light blue and black blue upon near‐infrared illumination on/off within a wide temperature range to achieve personalized wall and building decoration. Taking advantage of the low cost, rapid response, outstanding reversibility, and good color stability, M–C–S–H could provide lively, dynamic, and changeable decorating effects for walls and buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triggering the spin-state switching (SSS) in solutions at room temperature (RT) has attracted attention in the field of molecular switches. Herein, we report the preparation and switching properties of a ferrous complex Fe(H2Bpz2)2(L -C2H5) (H2Bpz2 = dihydrobis(1-pyrazolyl)borate, L -C2H5 = (4,15-bis[4-(N,N-diethylamino)phenyl][1,2,5]thiadiazolo-[3,4-i]dipyrido[a,c]phenazine)). Upon near-infrared (NIR) laser on, the ferrous complex formed H-aggregation in the solution with enhanced ligand-to-ligand charge transfer, which thus achieved a high-spin state. Upon switching the NIR laser off, the ferrous complex changed to J-aggregation with enhanced intramolecular charge transfer, which resulted in the low-spin state; as a consequence, charge transfer triggered reversible SSS in the solution at RT. More interestingly, further confinement into the solid-state three-dimensional polymer sponge did not affect the SSS performance of the ferrous complex, suggesting the high potential of Fe(H2Bpz2)2(L -C2H5) for practical applications in future molecular electronic and spintronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke can lead to long - term motor disorders and reduced quality of life. Despite advances in conventional rehabilitation, many patients are still faced with limited efficacy of rehabilitation. Neuromodulation techniques have shown breakthrough therapeutic potential. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the mechanism of poststroke neuroplasticity, to explore the mechanism of dentate nucleus deep brain stimulation (DN - DBS) to improve poststroke motor function, and to summarize the progress of the study, in order to provide a scientific basis and a new therapeutic perspective for clinical practice of DN-DBS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical microcavities with high quality factors can significantly enhance the intracavity power density and have become a superior platform for studying quantum electrodynamics, nonlinearities, and sensing. Minimized and compact on-chip devices require the integration of microcavities with versatile functions that can be implemented by techniques compatible with semiconductor industries. However, the silicon dry etch technique commonly used to shape silicon wafers limits the massive production of microcavities. Here, an all-wet etching technique is proposed to fabricate on-chip microcavities with the aid of photolithography. On-chip silica microdisks with quality factors of ∼ 10 5 are demonstrated, and optical modes with quality factors up to 106 are also observed. The proposed technique opens an avenue for economical, easy handling, and scalable production of on-chip microcavities using foundry-based technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Chiral ruthenium‐catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of tetrapyridine‐type N‐heteroarenes was firstly developed. The partial reduction of adjacent tetraheteroaromatic substrates proceeded smoothly in the presence of phosphine‐free chiral cationic ruthenium diamine complexes, affording unprecedented high reactivity, enantioselecitivity and diastereoselectivity (up to 93% yield, >99% ee and 92 : 8 dr). The potential application of chiral tetradentate pyridine‐amine products as chiral ligands has been demonstrated in the Cu‐catalyzed asymmetric Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction between indoles and nitroalkenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Chiral ruthenium‐catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of tetrapyridine‐type N‐heteroarenes was firstly developed. The partial reduction of adjacent tetraheteroaromatic substrates proceeded smoothly in the presence of phosphine‐free chiral cationic ruthenium diamine complexes, affording unprecedented high reactivity, enantioselecitivity and diastereoselectivity (up to 93% yield, >99% ee and 92 : 8 dr). The potential application of chiral tetradentate pyridine‐amine products as chiral ligands has been demonstrated in the Cu‐catalyzed asymmetric Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction between indoles and nitroalkenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LncRNA UCA1 plays a vital role in cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial cell dysfunction is a prerequisite for atherosclerosis (AS) development. However, the pathophysiological role of UCA1 in endothelial cell dysfunction induced by ox‐LDL remains obscure. Here, we observed that UCA1 was upregulated in the sera of patients with AS and ox‐LDL‐treated endothelial cells. UCA1 knockdown dramatically reduced the cell apoptosis induced by ox‐LDL and the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and ROS in endothelial cells. Mechanistically, we found that UCA1 directly targeted miR‐873‐5p. UCA1 knockdown increased, while UCA1 overexpression decreased the expression of miR‐873‐5p. Further, we found that mitogen‐activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) was a downstream target gene of miR‐873‐5p. MAPK8 overexpression or miR‐873‐5p knockdown reduced the enhancement of ox‐LDL‐induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production conferred by UCA1 knockdown. In conclusion, UCA1 can protect Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells from ox‐LDL‐induced injury via the miR‐873‐5p/MAPK8 axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO 2 capture and storage have been regarded as promising concepts to reduce anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. However, the high cost, inferior adsorption capacity, and higher effective activation temperature of traditional sorbents limit their practical application in efficient CO 2 capture. Here, a C-S-H@ZIF-8 (C-S-Z) sorbent is fabricated by in situ growth of the ZIF-8 shell on the C-S-H (calcium-silicate-hydrate) surface for ultra-high CO 2 adsorption and storage. Among the C-S-Z, the outer ZIF-8 shell acts as a transport channel that promotes CO 2 absorption toward the underlying C-S-H substrate for accelerated carbonation while preventing nitrogen and water from reaching the interior C-S-H. As a consequence, C-S-Z possesses the merits of ample pyrrolic nitrogen, porous structure, and ultra-high surface area (577.18 m 2  g -1 ), that contribute to an ultra-high CO 2 capture capacity, reaching 293.6 mg g -1 . DFT calculations show a high CO 2 adsorption energy and the mineral carbonation is dominant by the adsorption process. In particular, the advantages of the outstanding adsorption capacity, low cost, and high CO 2 selectivity make this C-S-H-based sorbent hold great potential in the practical application for direct air CO 2 capture and storage., (© 2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The development of artificial receptors that combine ultrahigh-affinity binding and controllable release for active guests holds significant importance in biomedical applications. On one hand, a complex with an exceedingly high binding affinity can resist unwanted dissociation induced by dilution effect and complex interferents within physiological environments. On the other hand, stimulus-responsive release of the guest is essential for precisely activating its function. In this context, we expanded hydrophobic cavity surface of a hypoxia-responsive azocalix[4]arene, affording Naph-SAC4A. This modification significantly enhanced its aqueous binding affinity to 10 13  M -1 , akin to the naturally occurring strongest recognition pair, biotin/(strept-)avidin. Consequently, Naph-SAC4A emerges as the first artificial receptor to simultaneously integrate ultrahigh recognition affinity and actively controllable release. The markedly enhanced affinity not only improved Naph-SAC4A's sensitivity in detecting rocuronium bromide in serum, but also refined the precision of hypoxia-responsive doxorubicin delivery at the cellular level, demonstrating its immense potential for diverse practical applications., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Background: The MYCN copy number category is closely related to the prognosis of neuroblastoma (NB). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the predictive ability of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) radiomic features for MYCN copy number in NB., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 pediatric patients with NB that had been confirmed by pathology. To develop the Bio-omics model (B-model), which incorporated clinical and biological aspects, PET/CT radiographic features, PET quantitative parameters, and significant features with multivariable stepwise logistic regression were preserved. Important radiomics features were identified through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and univariable analysis. On the basis of radiomics features obtained from PET and CT scans, the radiomics model (R-model) was developed. The significant bio-omics and radiomics features were combined to establish a Multi-omics model (M-model). The above 3 models were established to differentiate MYCN wild from MYCN gain and MYCN amplification (MNA). The calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to verify the prediction performance. Post hoc analysis was conducted to compare whether the constructed M-model can distinguish MYCN gain from MNA., Results: The M-model showed excellent predictive performance in differentiating MYCN wild from MYCN gain and MNA, which was better than that of the B-model and R-model [area under the curve (AUC) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.92 vs. 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72-0.90 and 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.89]. The calibration curve showed that the M-model had the highest reliability. Post hoc analysis revealed the great potential of the M-model in differentiating MYCN gain from MNA (AUC 0.95, 95% CI: 0.89-1)., Conclusions: The M-model model based on bio-omics and radiomics features is an effective tool to distinguish MYCN copy number category in pediatric patients with NB., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://qims.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/qims-23-494/coif). All authors report that this study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82272034) and Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 7232031). J.L.R. is an employee of GE HealthCare. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare., (2024 Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. All rights reserved.)

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a model combining a 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT)-based radiomics signature with clinical factors in the preoperative prediction of the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) type of pediatric peripheral neuroblastic tumor (pNT)., Methods: A total of 106 consecutive pediatric pNT patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Significant features determined by multivariate logistic regression were retained to establish a clinical model (C-model), which included clinical parameters and PET/CT radiographic features. A radiomics model (R-model) was constructed on the basis of PET and CT images. A semiautomatic method was used for segmenting regions of interest. A total of 1,016 radiomics features were extracted. Univariate analysis and the least absolute shrinkage selection operator were then used to select significant features. The C-model was combined with the R-model to establish a combination model (RC-model). The predictive performance was validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) in both the training cohort and validation cohort., Results: The radiomics signature was constructed using 5 selected radiomics features. The RC-model, which was based on the 5 radiomics features and 3 clinical factors, showed better predictive performance compared with the C-model alone [area under the curve in the validation cohort: 0.908 vs. 0.803; accuracy: 0.903 vs. 0.710; sensitivity: 0.895 vs. 0.789; specificity: 0.917 vs. 0.583; net reclassification improvement (NRI) 0.439, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1047-0.773; P=0.01]. The calibration curve showed that the RC-model had goodness of fit, and DCA confirmed its clinical utility., Conclusions: In this preliminary single-center retrospective study, an R-model based on 18 F-FDG PET/CT was shown to be promising in predicting INPC type in pediatric pNT, allowing for the noninvasive prediction of INPC and assisting in therapeutic strategies., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://qims.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/qims-22-343/coif). The authors report that this work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China: Imaging genomics of neuroblastoma based on 18F-FDG PET/CT and 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT (No. 81971642). JLR is in partnership with GE Healthcare China. LL is in partnership with Sinounion Medical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare., (2023 Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery. All rights reserved.)

We used open-top chambers (OTCs) to simulate the conditions of elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration at the Changwu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station of the Loess Plateau. There were three treatments, CK (maize grown under field conditions with natural atmospheric CO 2 concentration), OTC (maize grown in the open-top chamber under natural atmospheric CO 2 concentration), and OTC e (maize grown in the open-top chamber under elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration of 700 μmol·mol -1 ).We explored the responses of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and grain quality (soluble sugar, starch and crude protein) of spring maize to elevated CO 2 at different growth stages, aiming to provide scientific basis for revealing the adaptation mechanism of maize to elevated CO 2 . The results showed that the effects of elevated CO 2 on NSC content and accumulation in maize varied across organs and growth periods. Elevated CO 2 promoted the activation and redistribution of NSC in leaves, stems and roots during reproductive growth period, and significantly increased the amount of NSC conversion to the grains (ATM NSC ), as well as the conversion rate to the grains (AR NSC ) and the contribution to the grains (AC NSC ) in leaves, stems and roots. Compared with CK, the warming effect of OTC inhibited the activation and redistribution of NSC in stems and roots, but promoted the activation and redistribution of NSC in leaves, significantly increased the ATM NSC , AR NSC , and AC NSC of maize leaves. Elevated CO 2 did not affect the contents of soluble sugar, starch, and crude protein in maize grains.