1. A systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine brucellosis seroprevalence in Latin America and the Caribbean.
- Author
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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Trejos-Mendoza AE, Pérez-Vargas S, Rivera-Casas E, Muñoz-Lara F, Zambrano LI, Arteaga-Livias K, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Alarcon-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Benites-Zapata VA, and Rodriguez-Morales AJ
- Abstract
Introduction: Bovine brucellosis is a significant public health problem in countries with economic and zoonotic implications. Although relevant, there are no previous systematic reviews about bovine brucellosis in Latin America., Methods: We performed a systematic literature review in five data-bases to assess the seroprevalence of Brucella in cattle. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). In addition, measures of heterogeneity (Cochran's Q statistic and I
2 test) were reported., Results: The literature search yielded 3,403 articles, of which 65 studies were fully valid for analysis. The pooled seroprevalence for Brucella in bovine (n = 46,883,177) was 4.0% (95%CI: 3.0%-5.0%; p < 0.001), and Venezuela was the country with the highest prevalence (16.0%). By regions, the highest seroprevalence is in Central America and the Caribbean islands (8.0%,95%CI: 3.0%-15.0%; p < 0.001, I2 = 99.85)., Conclusions: Some countries reported still relevant seroprevalences of bovine brucellosis, especially at the Central America and Caribbean islands. Multiple factors may influence the survival and spread of pathogens in the environment; farms located in regions bordering forest areas, in areas of difficult access to the veterinary service; extensive beef herds raised at pastures with different age and productive groups inter-mingled, and minimal concerns regarding hygiene practices and disease prevention measures. Bovine brucellosis has not been eliminated and needs to be considered with new tools for prevention and control, especially being a zoonosis., Competing Interests: The authors do not have conflicts of interest., (© 2023 The Authors.)- Published
- 2023
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