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Background: The current international consensus report indicated that all Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive patients should be treated. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects and benefits of H. pylori eradication on the gastric mucosa in the elderly population. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study with 311 individuals aged ≥60 years, including 83 with persistent H. pylori infection (persistent group), 128 with successful H. pylori eradication (eradicated group), and 100 without H. pylori infection (control group). The results of endoscopy and mucosal histology were investigated at baseline and followed up for 5 and 10 years. Results: In the 5 to 10-year follow-up, there was a significant difference in the atrophy score among the three groups (P < 0.001); however, no significant difference was observed in the intestinal metaplasia (IM) score (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of gastric neoplastic lesion (GNL) between the eradicated and persistent groups during the 5 to 10-year follow-up period (P > 0.05). The baseline IM score of patients with GNL was significantly higher than that of those without GNL in the eradicated and control groups (P < 0.05). In all patients with GNL, the mean interval time between baseline and diagnosis of GLN was more than 6 years. The severity of baseline mucosal IM (odds ratio: OR 3.092, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.690–5.655, P < 0.001) and H. pylori infection (OR: 2.413, 95%CI: 1.019–5.712, P = 0.045) significantly increased the risk for GNL. Conclusions: Older patients with a life expectancy of less than 5 to 10 years, especially those with moderate to severe gastric mucosal IM, may not benefit from the eradication of H. pylori to prevent gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, ferroelectric polarization coupling has been exploited for non-volatile p- and n-type doping of two-dimensional (2D) materials, which enables the design of 2D functional devices via a local polarization pattern. Here, we took advantage of this tool and study the effect of base width to the gain and photodetection performance of bipolar transistors made of few layer MoS2. We found that the space charge region in the base have typical width ∼150–250 nm, and depends on the applied external bias. Such a characteristic causes the compromise between transistor gain and shunt resistance when changing the base width. For photodetection, this hinders the optimization of responsivity without increasing the dark current. As a result, an optimal device was made at the base width ∼1040 nm, from which a responsivity of 160 A W−1, specific detectivity of ∼1.3 × 1012 and the response time ∼9 μs to 680 nm incident light was obtained. The results from the present study shed light on the further design of 2D functional devices that use lateral pn junctions as the basic building blocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Introduction: Few people have reported whether there are sex differences in blood lipids and lipid ratios in type 2 diabetic foot (T2DF) patients in China. This study attempts to identify the contribution to sex‐specific differences in blood lipids and lipid ratios in these patients. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study, we explore 306 patients with T2DF as the study group and 306 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as the control group. Patients were diagnosed according to the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes–2014 (American Diabetes Association). Blood lipid and lipid ratios were determined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results: We studied male patients with T2DF who were aged 68.00 years (18.00 years) and females who were aged 73.50 years (19.00 years); 61.76% of the patients were men. Men had higher body mass index and glycated hemoglobin levels than women. Compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, T2DF patients had significant differences in total cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL‐C and apolipoprotein (apo)B/apoA‐I ratios. HDL‐C, triglyceride, apoA‐I and apoB/apoA‐I ratio showed cardiovascular disease risk in men, whereas total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, apoB, and the low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL‐C and total cholesterol/HDL‐C ratios were better predictors in women. The apoB/apoA‐I ratio odds ratio values were 2.18 (95% confidence interval 1.17–4.41) and 2.14 (95% confidence interval 1.14–4.00) in male patients with T2DF before and after adjusting for age, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions: T2DF patients present sex‐specific differences in their blood lipid and lipid ratios, especially in the apoB/apoA‐I ratio, which could be a better indicator for cardiovascular disease risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]