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For studying the stress corrosion susceptibility of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel HM400 in liquid ammonia medium, the slow strain rate test (SSRT) was used to investigate the stress corrosion susceptibility of high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel HM400 in four media: pure liquid ammonia (NH3), air+liquid ammonia (NH3+Air), 0.1 mg/L H2O+pure liquid ammonia (NH3+0.1 mg/L H2O) and air (Air) at room temperature. The fracture micro morphology, crack morphology, change of microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples before and after tests were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and hardness tester. Results showed that strain strengthening occurred in high manganese austenitic cryogenic steel HM400 during tensile deformation. Moreover, HM400 steel possessed poor stress corrosion resistance in liquid ammonia medium, and hence it was not suitable as high parameterization and lightweight materials of liquid ammonia storage and transportation containers.

The evolution of fermentation technology was outlined, offering a comprehensive overview using the skincare industry as a case study/illustrative model. With the integration of various scientific disciplines and the application of emerging technologies, it discusses the diverse purposes, developmental phases, techniques, and prototypical fermentation products presented in various historical contests. Fermentation can be categorized into five stages: traditional fermentation, engineered development, microbiological applications, synthetic biology, and intelligent fermentation. Furthermore, the characteristics, advantages, and effectiveness of fifth-generation fermentation technology were exphasized. Using HiMurchaSin® as an example, how fifth-generation fermentation technology employs a mechanistic exploration guided by 'constituents-efficacy-targets-mechanisms,' to achieve a multi-target anti-aging effect on the skin was explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wenzhou has improved its environmental quality because of comprehensive environmental remediation; nevertheless, the semen quality of infertile males remains unclear. This study determined whether better environmental quality improved semen quality in this region. We recorded semen quality data from 22 962 infertile males from January 2014 to November 2019 at the Center for Reproductive Health of The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Wenzhou, China). Patients were predominantly 30–35 years old (33.1%) and workers (82.0%), with high school education or lower (77.6%); more than a half of the patients (52.6%) were Wenzhou household registration; and most patients (77.5%) had abnormal semen quality. Patients who were older than 40 years and workers, and those with Wenzhou household registration, had significantly worse semen quality (all P < 0.05). From 2014 to 2019, progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, and semen volume showed increasing linear trends in all patients (P = 0.021, 0.030, and 0.005, respectively), yet normal sperm morphology showed a linearly decreasing trend (P = 0.046). Sensitivity analyses for subgroups yielded similar results. In conclusion, the improvement of environmental quality and better function of the accessory glands are associated with progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, and semen volume. Normal sperm morphology is influenced by occupational exposures and personal lifestyle and does not improve with environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused extensive loss of life worldwide. Further, the COVID‐19 and influenza mix‐infection had caused great distress to the diagnosis of the disease. To control illness progression and limit viral spread within the population, a real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) assay for early diagnosis of COVID‐19 was developed, but detection was time‐consuming (4–6 h). To improve the diagnosis of COVID‐19 and influenza, we herein developed a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) method for simple and rapid amplification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the causative agent of COVID‐19 and Influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and B (influenza B). Genes encoding the matrix protein (M) for H1N1, and the hemagglutinin (HA) for H3N2, and the polymerase A (PA) for Influenza B, and the nucleocapsid protein (N), the RNA‐dependent‐RNA polymerase (RdRP) in the open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) region, and the envelope protein (E) for SARS‐CoV‐2 were selected, and specific primers were designed. We validated our method using SARS‐CoV‐2, H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B plasmid standards and RNA samples extracted from COVID‐19 and Influenza A/B (RT‐PCR‐verified) positive patients. The method could detect SARS‐CoV‐2 plasmid standard DNA quantitatively between 102 and 105 copies/ml with a log linearity of 0.99 in 22 min. And this method also be very effective in simultaneous detection of H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B. Clinical validation of 100 cases revealed a sensitivity of 100% for differentiating COVID‐19 patients from healthy controls when the specificity was set at 90%. These results demonstrate that this nucleic acid testing method is advantageous compared with traditional PCR and other isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods in terms of time and portability. This method could potentially be used for detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B, and adapted for point‐of‐care (POC) detection of a broad range of infectious pathogens in resource‐limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cinnamomum camphora pigment is made from Cinnamomum camphora leaves and the pericarp in the extraction of red pigment, green pigment and its derivatives, with the activities of antioxidant, antibacterial, fall blood sugar, health care function, etc..It is a kind of natural pigments which is abundant, colour diversity, non-toxic, high stability. It has great application potential and value in the fields of food, textile, pharmaceutical and beverage. In order to further study, better develop and utilize Cinnamomum camphora pigment, the research at home and abroad of Cinnamomum camphora pigment in chemical structure, physical and chemical composition, extraction method, purification and separation, functional activity and application were reviewed in recent years, and the future research direction and application prospect of this pigment were prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obstructive azoospermia is a kind of common clinical disease, which often happens in epididymis, vas deferens and ejaculatory duct obstruction and accounts for male infertility. Azoospermia, which is caused by obstruction of the ejaculatory duct, is relatively rare. but the development of endoscopic technology now allows the disease to be resolved by surgery. In the past, transurethral resection of ejaculatory duct (TURED) has been used to treat patients with ejaculatory duct obstruction and azoosperm-free disease. But with the further study of TURED operation in recent years, as well as in patients with postoperative follow-up results showed that the urine - tube reflux and retrograde ejaculation ejaculation the incidence of iatrogenic injury is higherduring the TURED.therefore, in recent years, some experts committed to seeking a less damage and better effect of the surgical method. With the continuous development of endoscopic technology, seminal vesiculoscopy has come into being, which also creates conditions for further understanding the structure and function of the seminal vesicle and distal seminal duct, accurate diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of the currently discovered diseases. In this article, we summarized the semen abnormalities associated with seminal vesiculoscopy in the treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction, and also reviewed the surgical methods, clinical application and research progress of seminal vesiculoscopy.

With the increasing awareness of men's health, more and more clinical studies are reported on the relationship of testicular microlithiasis (TM) with male infertility. TM is a relatively rare disease characterized by multiple microcalcifications (<3 mm) in the seminiferous tubules of the testis. This review summarizes the findings in the studies of the diagnosis, epidemiology, correlation with male fertility, treatment, and follow-up of TM in recent years. Many researches show that TM has a certain correlation with the decline of male fertility, which, however, is not identically agreed on at home and abroad. As for the treatment of TM complicated with male infertility, there is still a lack of effective and reliable drugs and strategies and a need for many basic and clinical studies.