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The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics offers a lively, authoritative, up-to-date exploration of pressing ethical issues in our digital world. An international team of philosophers, some pioneers of digital ethics, others experts in related areas of philosophy, give critical appraisals of research in the this fast-growing field and locate it in the broader philosophical context. They push the discipline forward by exploring novel approaches and arguments that will shape the agenda on digital ethics for years to come. The Handbook gives readers tools to better understand problems which face us now in our digital lives, and which are likely to emerge in the future.

Counterterrorism and cybersecurity are the top two priorities at the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Graduated from the FBI Citizens Academy in 2021, Prof. Newton Lee offers a broad survey of counterterrorism and cybersecurity history, strategies, and technologies in the 3rd edition of his riveting book that examines the role of the intelligence community, cures for terrorism, war and peace, cyber warfare, and quantum computing security. From September 11 attacks and Sony-pocalypse to Israel's 9/11 and MOAB (Mother of All Breaches), the author shares insights from Hollywood such as 24, Homeland, The Americans, and The X-Files. In real life, the unsung heroes at the FBI have thwarted a myriad of terrorist attacks and cybercrimes. The FBI has worked diligently to improve its public image and build trust through community outreach and pop culture. Imagine Sherlock Holmes meets James Bond in crime fighting, FBI Director Christopher Wray says, “We've got technically trained personnel—with cutting-edge tools and skills you might never have imagined seeing outside of a James Bond movie—covering roughly 400 offices around the country.” This book is indispensable for anyone who is contemplating a career at the FBI, think tanks, or law enforcement agencies worldwide. It is also a must-read for every executive to safeguard their organization against cyberattacks that have caused more than $10 billion in damages. In the spirit of President John F. Kennedy, one may proclaim: “Ask not what counterterrorism and cybersecurity can do for you, ask what you can do for counterterrorism and cybersecurity.” Praise for the First Edition: “The book presents a crisp narrative on cyberattacks and how to protect against these attacks. … The author views terrorism as a disease that may be cured through education and communication. … The book is a relevant, useful, and genial mix of history, current times, practical advice, and policy goals.” - Brad Reid, ACM Computing Reviews “Very professional and well researched.” - Eleanor Clift, Newsweek and The Daily Beast

A Next Big Idea Club'Must Read'for December 2023 As all aspects of our social and informational lives increasingly migrate online, the line between what is'real'and what is digitally fabricated grows ever thinner—and that fake content has undeniable real-world consequences. A History of Fake Things on the Internet takes the long view of how advances in technology brought us to the point where faked texts, images, and video content are nearly indistinguishable from what is authentic or true. Computer scientist Walter J. Scheirer takes a deep dive into the origins of fake news, conspiracy theories, reports of the paranormal, and other deviations from reality that have become part of mainstream culture, from image manipulation in the nineteenth-century darkroom to the literary stylings of large language models like ChatGPT. Scheirer investigates the origins of Internet fakes, from early hoaxes that traversed the globe via Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs), USENET, and a new messaging technology called email, to today's hyperrealistic, AI-generated Deepfakes. An expert in machine learning and recognition, Scheirer breaks down the technical advances that made new developments in digital deception possible, and shares behind-the-screens details of early Internet-era pranks that have become touchstones of hacker lore. His story introduces us to the visionaries and mischief-makers who first deployed digital fakery and continue to influence how digital manipulation works—and doesn't—today: computer hackers, digital artists, media forensics specialists, and AI researchers. Ultimately, Scheirer argues that problems associated with fake content are not intrinsic properties of the content itself, but rather stem from human behavior, demonstrating our capacity for both creativity and destruction.

What really separates emancipatory thinking from its opposite? The prevailing Left defines itself against neoliberalism, conservative traditionalism, and fascism as a matter of course. The philosophical differences, however, may be more apparent than real. The Right-Wing Mirror of Critical Theory argues that dominant trends in critical and radical theory inadvertently reproduce the cardinal tenets of the twentieth century's most influential right-wing philosophers. It finds the rejection of foundationalism, rationalism, economic planning, and vanguardism mirrored in the work of Schmitt, Oakeshott, Hayek, and Strauss. If it is to be more than merely an inverted image of the Right, critical theory must reevaluate its relationship to what Julius Nyerere once called “deliberate design” in politics. In the era of anthropogenic climate change, a substantial—not merely nominal—departure from right-wing talking points is all the more necessary and momentous.

Der Sturm auf das Kapitol bildet den Höhepunkt einer populistischen Konfrontations- und Mobilisierungsstrategie, die darauf ausgelegt war, Zustimmung durch eine Politik der Herab- und Feindsetzung zu akkumulieren. In der aktualisierten, 2. Auflage geht es weiterhin darum, aus kultur- und medienwissenschaftlicher Perspektive das öffentliche Auftreten von Donald Trump zu untersuchen und zu zeigen, wie der 45. US-Präsident an der gesellschaftlichen Konfrontation unterschiedlicher politischer Gruppen partizipierte, diese kommunikativ weiter eskalierte und von der sich immer radikaler gestaltenden Polarisierung politisch zu profitieren hoffte. Allerdings weitet sich der Untersuchungsfokus und nimmt nunmehr auch die beiden letzten Jahre seiner Amtszeit mit in den Blick, in denen Trump durch immer schrillere Töne im Kontext von Black Live Matters und der Corona-Krise, durch die Anheizung von Verschwörungstheorien und durch radikale Diskreditierung von politischen Verfahren und Institutionen die US-amerikanische Gesellschaft bis an den Rand eines Bürgerkriegs getrieben hat. Diskutiert werden Trumps Mediengebrauch, seine mit Herabsetzungen, Beleidigungen und Unterstellungen arbeitenden Adressierungsstrategien und seine Politik der Affekte. Die Beiträge des Bandes rücken den „great disruptor“ in ein Spannungsfeld von Populärkultur, fragmentierter Öffentlichkeit und rhetorischer Feindsetzung.

'Afrika'dient in vielen haarpolitischen Debatten nur als positive und teilweise sehr unpräzise definierte Projektionsfläche, die für eine bessere vorkoloniale Schwarze Welt steht. Nur wenig Aufmerksamkeit wurde bisher darauf verwendet, die tatsächlich gegenwärtig gelebte Haarkultur- und -politik in verschiedenen kontinentalafrikanischen Kontexten auch auf ihr Eingebettet-Sein in globale, historisch gewachsene Hierarchien hin zu betrachten. Oft wird übersehen, dass auch hier – auf ihre eigene Weise – rassistische Ideologien und insbesondere weiße Vorherrschaft als koloniale Kontinuitäten wirken, und zeitgenössische Haarkultur mitprägen. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte einen Beitrag dazu leisten, diese Dynamiken besser zu verstehen. Dabei werden jedoch auch relevante Facetten Schwarzen Selbstverständnisses und gelebte ästhetische Praktiken beleuchtet, die über die Auseinandersetzung mit weißer Vorherrschaft hinausweisen.

A rich sociological analysis of how and why we use anonymity. In recent years, anonymity has rocked the political and social landscape. There are countless examples: An anonymous whistleblower was at the heart of President Trump's first impeachment, an anonymous group of hackers compromised more than 77 million Sony accounts, and best-selling author Elena Ferrante resolutely continued to hide her real name and identity. In Anonymous, Thomas DeGloma draws on a fascinating set of contemporary and historical cases to build a sociological theory that accounts for the many faces of anonymity. He asks a number of pressing questions about the social conditions and effects of anonymity. What is anonymity, and why, under various circumstances, do individuals act anonymously? How do individuals accomplish anonymity? How do they use it, and, in some situations, how is it imposed on them? To answer these questions, DeGloma tackles anonymity thematically, dedicating each chapter to a distinct type of anonymous action, including ones he dubs protective, subversive, institutional, and ascribed. Ultimately, he argues that anonymity and pseudonymity are best understood as performances in which people obscure personal identities as they make meaning for various audiences. As they bring anonymity and pseudonymity to life, DeGloma shows, people work to define the world around them to achieve different goals and objectives.

The revised third edition of the landmark Guns in American Society provides an authoritative and objective survey of the history and current state of all gun-related issues and areas of debate in the United States.Guns in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law is a comprehensive and evenhanded three-volume reference resource for understanding all of the political, legal, and cultural factors that have swirled around gun rights and gun control in America, past and present.The encyclopedia draws on a vast array of research in criminology, history, law, medicine, politics, and social science. It covers all aspects of the issue: gun violence, including mass shootings in schools and other public spaces; gun control arguments and organizations; gun rights arguments and organizations; the firearms industry; firearms regulation, legislation, and court decisions; gun subcultures (for example, hunters and collectors); leading opinion-shapers on both sides of the gun debate; technological innovations in firearm manufacturing; various types of firearms, from handguns to assault weapons; and evolving public attitudes toward guns. Many of these entries place the topics in both historical and cross-cultural perspective.

Der Band befasst sich mit dem Lebenswerk von David Bowie und versucht, die Lyrics seiner Songs als Ausdruck einer hochintensiven und permanenten Auseinandersetzung zu verstehen: mit einer schrägen, ungeklärten Existenz und mit einem abgründigen, wechselhaften Dasein, aber auch mit mächtig bunten, schillernden Bewältigungsbildern, die das Leben erträglich machen.

Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist James Ball takes us into the depths of the internet to trace the origins and rapid ascent of QAnon, the movement that mutated from a niche online conspiracy theory into the world's first digital pandemic.Imagine a deadly pathogen that, once created, could infect any person in any part of the globe within seconds. No need to wait for travellers, trains, or air traffic to spread it, all you need is an internet connection. In this gripping investigation, Pulitzer Prize winner James Ball decodes the cryptic language of the online right and with a surgeon's precision tracks the spread of QAnon, the world's first digital pandemic.QAnon began as an internet community dedicated to supporting President Trump and intent on outing a global cabal of human traffickers. A short, cryptic message posted by an anonymous user to a niche internet forum in 2017 was the spark that ignited a global movement. What started as a macabre game of virtual make-believe quickly spiralled into the spread of virulently hateful, dangerous messaging – which turned into tragic, violent actions.Incoherent, chaotic, free from agendas: QAnon is a one-size-fits all cult conspiracy. From a standoff at the Hoover Dam, to the storming of the U.S. Capitol on 6 January 2021, to protesting COVID-19 lockdowns, this digital pandemic has spread globally and shows no signs of stopping. In The Other Pandemic Ball takes us into the niche pathways through which these digital pathogens spread, mutate and infect people all across the globe – but he also argues that the prognosis doesn't have to be dire. He shows us that it is possible to treat and cure this virus in order to build up our digital immune systems, and be better prepared to survive the next wave.•A Financial Times Book to Read in 2023•

The Routledge Handbook of Critical Kashmir Studies presents emerging critical knowledge frameworks and perspectives that foreground situated histories and resistance practices to challenge colonial and postcolonial forms of governance and state building. It politicizes discourses of nationalism, patriotism, democracy, and liberalism, and it questions how these dominant globalist imaginaries and discourses serve institutionalized power, create hegemony, and normalize domination. In doing so, the handbook situates Critical Kashmir Studies scholarship within global scholarly conversations on nationalism, sovereignty, indigenous movements, human rights, and international law.The handbook is organized into the following five parts: Territories, Homelands, Borders Militarism, Humanism, Occupation Memories, Futures, Imaginations Religion, History, Politics Armed Conflict, Global War, Transnational Solidarities A comprehensive reference work documenting and consolidating the growing Critical Kashmir Studies scholarship, this handbook will be of interest to scholars of anthropology, political science, cultural studies, legal and sociolegal studies, sociology, history, critical Indigenous studies, settler colonial studies, and feminist studies.

This book provides a philosophical analysis of the notion of selfhood that underlies identity politics. It offers a unique theory of the self that combines previous scholarly work on recognition and the phenomenology of space.The politics of identity occupy the centre of a contested terrain. Marginalised and oppressed peoples continue to seek the transformation of our shared social world and our political institutions required for their lives to be liveable. Public criticism and academic treatments of identity politics often take a disparaging view that treats it as subordinate to more general political questions about justice and the organisation of society and its institutions. This book argues that these polemics ignore the numerous ways in which all politics is concerned with matters of selfhood and identity. Through a rereading of Hegel's account of recognition as an ongoing and dynamic process that constitutes the self, it presents selves—and the categories of identity that qualify these selves—as fundamentally conditioned by the environments in which they appear before themselves and others. It also argues that we do the work of identity in public spaces—particularly digital spaces—and that these spaces shape what identities we can assume and what those identities mean. Contemporary social media technologies facilitate the production of particular forms of selfhood through the combined logics of the interface, the profile, and the post.The Politics of Recognition in the Age of Digital Spaces will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in a wide range of disciplines including political philosophy, phenomenology, philosophy of technology, sociology, political theory, and critical theory. It will also appeal to anyone with an interest in contemporary identity politics, whether as a matter of study or lived experience.

To observers of the Iran-Israel conflict, its vitriolic rhetoric might suggest an ancient hatred between Jews and Muslims-a biblical feud dating back hundreds, or thousands, of years. But this rivalry is a far more modern development. In this authoritative study, Jonathan G. Leslie examines the origins of the conflict. Drawing on extensive archival and open-source research, he concludes that-despite the animosity surrounding the Iran-Israel relationship-the twenty-first century's hostilities are not inevitable consequences of these nations'history, nor of contemporary political events. The intensification of tensions has been largely the product of one nation's efforts, with Israel viewing Iran as a far greater danger than Iran does Israel. Using a novel theoretical approach considering the power of narrative within historical context, Leslie outlines how Israel's leaders successfully reimagined their erstwhile ally Iran as an existential threat. Former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu took this further, employing populist strategies in an attempt to rewrite history, depict Iran as a global menace, and recruit allies against the JCPOA nuclear deal. Fear and Insecurity provides important new insights into the history of the Iran-Israel conflict, and offers fresh prospects for defusing the tensions threatening both global and regional security.

This third edition collection provides a contemporary survey of current international issues in bioethics and human rights for study across social science disciplines. New chapters discuss the reproductive justice in the US, immigration politics and medical duty during pandemics, climate change implications for bioethics, acoustic weaponry technologies, and vaccine politics.Following a consideration of theoretical frameworks, there three units on human rights, life and death, and public health form an in-depth look at contemporary issues in the field of bioethics. Each unit includes cutting edge analyses by international experts and thought-provoking case studies, as well as discussion and essay prompts, and Internet and film resources. Topics range from pediatric genomics, abortion (including the Dobbs decision, medical tourism, human experimentation, climate change, the Havana syndrome, the care of aging family members, truth-telling, vulnerable human subjects, health equity, healthcare in ICE detention facilities, solitary confinement, euthanasia, lethal injections and the harvesting of human organs, pandemic ethics, vaccine controversies, and more.The new, updated, and retained chapters make this book an appealing resource as a primary text, scholarly reference book, or a course supplement. Contributors:Robert Baker, Tom L. Beauchamp, Michael Boylan, Marlene Brant Castellano, Cher Weixia Chen, Zenon Culverhouse, Bernard Gert, Søren Holm, Ilhan Ilkilic, Akiko Ito, Rita Manning, Kimberly Mutcherson, Peter F. Omonzejele, Pinit Ratanakul, Alison Dundes Renteln, Maya Sabatello, Udo Schüklenk, Edward H. Spence, Bradley P. Stoner, Scott Stonington, Peter Tagore Tan, Wanda Teays, Rosemarie Tong, Carlos Verdugo-Serna, Virginia L. Warren, Cecilia (Lim) Wee

To observers of the Iran-Israel conflict, its vitriolic rhetoric might suggest an ancient hatred between Jews and Muslims-a biblical feud dating back hundreds, or thousands, of years. But this rivalry is a far more modern development. In this authoritative study, Jonathan G. Leslie examines the origins of the conflict. Drawing on extensive archival and open-source research, he concludes that-despite the animosity surrounding the Iran-Israel relationship-the twenty-first century's hostilities are not inevitable consequences of these nations'history, nor of contemporary political events. The intensification of tensions has been largely the product of one nation's efforts, with Israel viewing Iran as a far greater danger than Iran does Israel. Using a novel theoretical approach considering the power of narrative within historical context, Leslie outlines how Israel's leaders successfully reimagined their erstwhile ally Iran as an existential threat. Former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu took this further, employing populist strategies in an attempt to rewrite history, depict Iran as a global menace, and recruit allies against the JCPOA nuclear deal. Fear and Insecurity provides important new insights into the history of the Iran-Israel conflict, and offers fresh prospects for defusing the tensions threatening both global and regional security.

Tina Sikka explores many of the contradictions and tensions that make up the increasingly fraught debates about sex, consent, feminism, justice, law and gender relations and new movements including #MeToo and #TimesUp. She looks in particular at contemporary understandings of justice, violence, consent, pleasure and desire.

Using rich and detailed data, this groundbreaking book explains why homelessness has become a crisis in America and reveals the structural conditions that underlie it. In Homelessness Is a Housing Problem, Gregg Colburn and Clayton Page Aldern seek to explain the substantial regional variation in rates of homelessness in cities across the United States. In a departure from many analytical approaches, Colburn and Aldern shift their focus from the individual experiencing homelessness to the metropolitan area. Using accessible statistical analysis, they test a range of conventional beliefs about what drives the prevalence of homelessness in a given city—including mental illness, drug use, poverty, weather, generosity of public assistance, and low-income mobility—and find that none explain the regional variation observed across the country. Instead, housing market conditions, such as the cost and availability of rental housing, offer a far more convincing account. With rigor and clarity, Homelessness Is a Housing Problem explores U.S. cities'diverse experiences with housing precarity and offers policy solutions for unique regional contexts.

Male Supremacism in the United States is a timely editorial collection providing analysis of current patriarchal, misogynistic, and antifeminist threats in the United States,The book theorizes how male supremacism—the system that disproportionately privileges cis men and subordinates women, trans men, and nonbinary people—and its accompanying ideology of male superiority undergird many of the most crucial phenomena of our time. The book examines how male supremacism manifests in three ways: as patriarchal traditionalism, as secular male supremacism, and in its intersections with other systems of oppression. From anti-abortion activism to misogynist incels to the Proud Boys, the collection illustrates how male supremacism plays a vital role in right-wing recruitment and organizing. The volume's contributions illuminate unique aspects of male supremacist ideology, practice, and culture. Together, they provide a sweeping overview of the development and deployment of male supremacism in the United States.This book will be of value to anyone studying or researching male supremacism, gender, feminism, women's studies, hate studies, and the far right.

Our contemporary moment is rife with injustices and crises: environmental disasters, climate change, racial divides, political divides, sexual misconduct, and high unemployment and debt rates, amongst other urgent challenges. While it is important to recognize these problems and call for change, we can also learn from caring initiatives that foster new ways of living, based in relationality, respect, and mutual support. How to Care More offers a definition of care based in relational action, highlighting care as an umbrella concept that can catalyze personal and social change. Each chapter provides an overview of one skill to practice caring more, including listening, consent, collaboration, and cultivating inclusion, love, and resilience that will enhance personal wellbeing and relationships with others, reducing conflict in our families, workplaces, and communities. With definitions of key terms and hands-on activities, How to Care More offers thought-provoking discussion and powerful examples of small-scale action and community building that can have a big impact, empowering readers to work towards positive social change.