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127 results on '"Wiens, R"'

1. Intense alteration on early Mars revealed by high-aluminum rocks at Jezero crater

Author: Royer, C., Bedford, C. C., Johnson, J. R., Horgan, B. H. N., Broz, A., Forni, O., Connell, S., Wiens, R. C., Mandon, L., Kathir, B. S., Hausrath, E. M., Udry, A., Madariaga, J. M., Dehouck, E., Anderson, R. B., Beck, P., Beyssac, O., Clavé, É., Clegg, S. M., Cloutis, E., Fouchet, T., Gabriel, T. S. J., Garczynski, B. J., Klidaras, A., Manelski, H. T., Mayhew, L., Núñez, J., Ollila, A. M., Schröder, S., Simon, J. I., Wolf, U., Stack, K. M., Cousin, A., and Maurice, S.
Published: 2024
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2. Radiation-induced alteration of apatite on the surface of Mars: first in situ observations with SuperCam Raman onboard Perseverance

Author: Clavé, E., Beyssac, O., Bernard, S., Royer, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Schröder, S., Rammelkamp, K., Forni, O., Fau, A., Cousin, A., Manrique, J. A., Ollila, A., Madariaga, J. M., Aramendia, J., Sharma, S. K., Fornaro, T., Maurice, S., and Wiens, R. C.
Published: 2024
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3. The Mars Microphone onboard SuperCam

Author: Mimoun, D., Cadu, A., Murdoch, N., Sournac, A., Parot, Y., Bernardi, P., Chide, B., Pilleri, P., Stott, A., Gillier, M., Sridhar, V., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., and team, the SuperCam
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The Mars Microphone is one of the five measurement techniques of SuperCam, an improved version of the ChemCam instrument that has been functioning aboard the Curiosity rover for several years. SuperCam is located on the Rover's Mast Unit, to take advantage of the unique pointing capabilities of the rover's head. In addition to being the first instrument to record sounds on Mars, the SuperCam Microphone can address several original scientific objectives: the study of sound associated with laser impacts on Martian rocks to better understand their mechanical properties, the improvement of our knowledge of atmospheric phenomena at the surface of Mars: atmospheric turbulence, convective vortices, dust lifting processes and wind interactions with the rover itself. The microphone will also help our understanding of the sound signature of the different movements of the rover: operations of the robotic arm and the mast, driving on the rough floor of Mars, monitoring of the pumps, etc ... The SuperCam Microphone was delivered to the SuperCam team in early 2019 and integrated at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL, Pasadena, CA) with the complete SuperCam instrument. The Mars 2020 Mission launched in July 2020 and landed on Mars on February 18th 2021. The mission operations are expected to last until at least August 2023. The microphone is operating perfectly., Comment: 40 pages
Published: 2022
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4. In situ recording of Mars soundscape

Author: Maurice, S., Chide, B., Murdoch, N., Lorenz, R. D., Mimoun, D., Wiens, R. C., Stott, A., Jacob, X., Bertrand, T., Montmessin, F., Lanza, N. L., Alvarez-Llamas, C., Angel, S. M., Aung, M., Balaram, J., Beyssac, O., Cousin, A., Delory, G., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Gasnault, O., Grip, H., Hecht, M., Hoffman, J., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Maki, J., McClean, J., Meslin, P.-Y., Le Mouélic, S., Munguira, A., Newman, C. E., Rodríguez Manfredi, J. A., Moros, J., Ollila, A., Pilleri, P., Schröder, S., de la Torre Juárez, M., Tzanetos, T., Stack, K. M., Farley, K., and Williford, K.
Published: 2022
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5. The sound of a Martian dust devil

Author: Murdoch, N., Stott, A. E., Gillier, M., Hueso, R., Lemmon, M., Martinez, G., Apéstigue, V., Toledo, D., Lorenz, R. D., Chide, B., Munguira, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Vicente-Retortillo, A., Newman, C. E., Maurice, S., de la Torre Juárez, M., Bertrand, T., Banfield, D., Navarro, S., Marin, M., Torres, J., Gomez-Elvira, J., Jacob, X., Cadu, A., Sournac, A., Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A., Wiens, R. C., and Mimoun, D.
Published: 2022
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6. Identifying Shocked Feldspar on Mars Using Perseverance Spectroscopic Instruments: Implications for Geochronology Studies on Returned Samples

Author: Shkolyar, S., Jaret, S. J., Cohen, B. A., Johnson, J. R., Beyssac, O., Madariaga, J. M., Wiens, R. C., Ollila, A., Holm-Alwmark, S., and Liu, Y.
Published: 2022
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7. Manganese‐Rich Sandstones as an Indicator of Ancient Oxic Lake Water Conditions in Gale Crater, Mars

Author: Gasda, P. J., primary, Lanza, N. L., additional, Meslin, P.‐Y., additional, Lamm, S. N., additional, Cousin, A., additional, Anderson, R., additional, Forni, O., additional, Swanner, E., additional, L’Haridon, J., additional, Frydenvang, J., additional, Thomas, N., additional, Gwizd, S., additional, Stein, N., additional, Fischer, W. W., additional, Hurowitz, J., additional, Sumner, D., additional, Rivera‐Hernández, F., additional, Crossey, L., additional, Ollila, A., additional, Essunfeld, A., additional, Newsom, H. E., additional, Clark, B., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Gasnault, O., additional, Clegg, S. M., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Delapp, D., additional, and Reyes‐Newell, A., additional
Published: 2024
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8. Depositional Facies and Sequence Stratigraphy of Kodiak Butte, Western Delta of Jezero Crater, Mars

Author: Caravaca, G., primary, Dromart, G., additional, Mangold, N., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Kah, L. C., additional, Tate, C., additional, Williams, R. M. E., additional, Le Mouélic, S., additional, Gasnault, O., additional, Bell, J., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Nuñez, J. I., additional, Randazzo, N., additional, Rice, J., additional, Crumpler, L. S., additional, Williams, A., additional, Russel, P., additional, Stack, K. M., additional, Farley, K. A., additional, Maurice, S., additional, and Wiens, R. C., additional
Published: 2024
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9. Manganese-Rich Sandstones as an Indicator of Ancient Oxic Lake Water Conditions in Gale Crater, Mars

Author: Gasda, P. J., Lanza, N. L., Meslin, P. Y., Lamm, S. N., Cousin, A., Anderson, R., Forni, O., Swanner, E., L’Haridon, J., Frydenvang, J., Thomas, N., Gwizd, S., Stein, N., Fischer, W. W., Hurowitz, J., Sumner, D., Rivera-Hernández, F., Crossey, L., Ollila, A., Essunfeld, A., Newsom, H. E., Clark, B., Wiens, R. C., Gasnault, O., Clegg, S. M., Maurice, S., Delapp, D., Reyes-Newell, A., Gasda, P. J., Lanza, N. L., Meslin, P. Y., Lamm, S. N., Cousin, A., Anderson, R., Forni, O., Swanner, E., L’Haridon, J., Frydenvang, J., Thomas, N., Gwizd, S., Stein, N., Fischer, W. W., Hurowitz, J., Sumner, D., Rivera-Hernández, F., Crossey, L., Ollila, A., Essunfeld, A., Newsom, H. E., Clark, B., Wiens, R. C., Gasnault, O., Clegg, S. M., Maurice, S., Delapp, D., and Reyes-Newell, A.
Abstract: Manganese has been observed on Mars by the NASA Curiosity rover in a variety of contexts and is an important indicator of redox processes in hydrologic systems on Earth. Within the Murray formation, an ancient primarily fine-grained lacustrine sedimentary deposit in Gale crater, Mars, have observed up to 45× enrichment in manganese and up to 1.5× enrichment in iron within coarser grained bedrock targets compared to the mean Murray sediment composition. This enrichment in manganese coincides with the transition between two stratigraphic units within the Murray: Sutton Island, interpreted as a lake margin environment, and Blunts Point, interpreted as a lake environment. On Earth, lacustrine environments are common locations of manganese precipitation due to highly oxidizing conditions in the lakes. Here, we explore three mechanisms for ferromanganese oxide precipitation at this location: authigenic precipitation from lake water along a lake shore, authigenic precipitation from reduced groundwater discharging through porous sands along a lake shore, and early diagenetic precipitation from groundwater through porous sands. All three scenarios require highly oxidizing conditions and we discuss oxidants that may be responsible for the oxidation and precipitation of manganese oxides. This work has important implications for the habitability of Mars to microbes that could have used Mn redox reactions, owing to its multiple redox states, as an energy source for metabolism.
Published: 2024

10. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Shenandoah Formation, Western Fan, Jezero Crater, Mars

Author: Stack, K. M., Ives, L. R. W., Gupta, S., Lamb, M. P., Tebolt, M., Caravaca, G., Grotzinger, J. P., Russell, P., Shuster, D. L., Williams, A. J., Amundsen, H., Alwmark, S., Annex, A. M., Barnes, R., Bell, J., Beyssac, O., Bosak, T., Crumpler, L. S., Dehouck, E., Gwizd, S. J., Hickman-Lewis, K., Horgan, B. H. N., Hurowitz, J., Kalucha, H., Kanine, O., Lesh, C., Maki, J., Mangold, N., Randazzo, N., Seeger, C., Williams, R. M. E., Brown, A., Cardarelli, E., Dypvik, H., Flannery, D., Frydenvang, J., Hamran, S.-E., Núñez, J. I., Paige, D., Simon, J. I., Tice, M., Tate, C., Wiens, R. C., Stack, K. M., Ives, L. R. W., Gupta, S., Lamb, M. P., Tebolt, M., Caravaca, G., Grotzinger, J. P., Russell, P., Shuster, D. L., Williams, A. J., Amundsen, H., Alwmark, S., Annex, A. M., Barnes, R., Bell, J., Beyssac, O., Bosak, T., Crumpler, L. S., Dehouck, E., Gwizd, S. J., Hickman-Lewis, K., Horgan, B. H. N., Hurowitz, J., Kalucha, H., Kanine, O., Lesh, C., Maki, J., Mangold, N., Randazzo, N., Seeger, C., Williams, R. M. E., Brown, A., Cardarelli, E., Dypvik, H., Flannery, D., Frydenvang, J., Hamran, S.-E., Núñez, J. I., Paige, D., Simon, J. I., Tice, M., Tate, C., and Wiens, R. C.
Abstract: Sedimentary fans are key targets of exploration on Mars because they record the history of surface aqueous activity and habitability. The sedimentary fan extending from the Neretva Vallis breach of Jezero crater's western rim is one of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover's main exploration targets. Perseverance spent ∼250 sols exploring and collecting seven rock cores from the lower ∼25 m of sedimentary rock exposed within the fan's eastern scarp, a sequence informally named the “Shenandoah” formation. This study describes the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Shenandoah formation at two areas, “Cape Nukshak” and “Hawksbill Gap,” including a characterization, interpretation, and depositional framework for the facies that comprise it. The five main facies of the Shenandoah formation include: laminated mudstone, laminated sandstone, low-angle cross stratified sandstone, thin-bedded granule sandstone, and thick-bedded granule-pebble sandstone and conglomerate. These facies are organized into three facies associations (FA): FA1, comprised of laminated and soft sediment-deformed sandstone interbedded with broad, unconfined coarser-grained granule and pebbly sandstone intervals; FA2, comprised predominantly of laterally extensive, soft-sediment deformed laminated, sulfate-bearing mudstone with lenses of low-angle cross-stratified and scoured sandstone; and FA3, comprised of dipping planar, thin-bedded sand-gravel couplets. The depositional model favored for the Shenandoah formation involves the transition from a sand-dominated distal alluvial fan setting (FA1) to a stable, widespread saline lake (FA2), followed by the progradation of a river delta system (FA3) into the lake basin. This sequence records the initiation of a relatively long-lived, habitable lacustrine and deltaic environment within Jezero crater.
Published: 2024

11. Radiation-induced alteration of apatite on the surface of Mars:first in situ observations with SuperCam Raman onboard Perseverance

Author: Clavé, E., Beyssac, O., Bernard, S., Royer, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Schröder, S., Rammelkamp, K., Forni, O., Fau, A., Cousin, A., Manrique, J. A., Ollila, A., Madariaga, J. M., Aramendia, J., Sharma, S. K., Fornaro, T., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Acosta-Maeda, Tayro, Agard, Christophe, Alberquilla, Fernando, Alvarez Llamas, Cesar, Anderson, Ryan, Applin, Daniel, Aramendia, Julene, Arana, Gorka, Beal, Roberta, Beck, Pierre, Bedford, Candice, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Bernardi, Pernelle, Bertrand, Tanguy, Beyssac, Olivier, Bloch, Thierry, Bonnet, Jean-Yves, Bousquet, Bruno, Boustelitane, Abderrahmane, Bouyssou Mann, Magali, Brand, Matthew, Cais, Philippe, Caravaca, Gwenael, De Pinedo, Kepa Castro Ortiz, Cazalla, Charlene, Charpentier, Antoine, Chide, Baptiste, Clavé, Elise, Clegg, Samuel, Cloutis, Ed, Coloma, Leire, Comellas, Jade, Connell, Stephanie, Cousin, Agnes, DeFlores, Lauren, Dehouck, Erwin, Delapp, Dot, Perez, Tomas Delgado, Deron, Robin, Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, Alain, Dromart, Gilles, Essunfeld, Ari, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Follic, Hugo, Forni, Olivier, Fouchet, Thierry, Francis, Raymond, Frydenvang, Jens, Gabriel, Travis, Gallegos, Zachary, García-Florentino, Cristina, Gasda, Patrick, Gasnault, Olivier, Gibbons, Erin, Gillier, Martin, Gomez, Laura, Gonzalez, Sofia, Grotzinger, John, Huidobro, Jennifer, Jacob, Xavier, Johnson, Jeffrey, Kalucha, Hemani, Kelly, Evan, Knutsen, Elise, Lacombe, Gaetan, Lamarque, Florentin, Lanza, Nina, Larmat, Carene, Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, Laetitia, Le Mouelic, Stephane, Legett, Chip, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Little, Cynthia, Loche, Mattéo, Lopez Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lorigny, Eric, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, Madsen, Morten, Mandon, Lucia, Manelski, Henry, Mangold, Nicolas, Martinez, Jose Manrique, Martin, Noah, Martinez Frias, Jesus, Maurice, Sylvestre, Mcconnochie, Timothy, McLennan, Scott, Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre Yves, Meunier, Frederique, Mimoun, David, Montagnac, Gilles, Montmessin, Franck, Moros, Javier, Mousset, Valerie, Murdoch, Naomi, Nelson, Tony, Newell, Ray, Nicolas, Cécile, Newsom, Horton, O’Shea, Colleen, Ollila, Ann, Pantalacci, Philippe, Parmentier, Jonathan, Peret, Laurent, Perrachon, Pascal, Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, Cédric, Pinet, Patrick, Poblacion, Iratxe, Poulet, Francois, Quantin Nataf, Cathy, Rapin, William, Reyes, Ivan, Rigaud, Laurent, Robinson, Scott, Rochas, Ludovic, Root, Margaret, Ropert, Eloise, Rouverand, Léa, Royer, Clement, Perez, Fernando Rull, Said, David, Sans-Jofre, Pierre, Schroeder, Susanne, Seel, Fabian, Sharma, Shiv, Sheridan, Amanda, Sobron Sanchez, Pablo, Stcherbinine, Aurélien, Stott, Alex, Toplis, Michael, Turenne, Nathalie, Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Wiens, Roger, Wolf, Uriah, Zastrow, Allison, Clavé, E., Beyssac, O., Bernard, S., Royer, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Schröder, S., Rammelkamp, K., Forni, O., Fau, A., Cousin, A., Manrique, J. A., Ollila, A., Madariaga, J. M., Aramendia, J., Sharma, S. K., Fornaro, T., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Acosta-Maeda, Tayro, Agard, Christophe, Alberquilla, Fernando, Alvarez Llamas, Cesar, Anderson, Ryan, Applin, Daniel, Aramendia, Julene, Arana, Gorka, Beal, Roberta, Beck, Pierre, Bedford, Candice, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Bernardi, Pernelle, Bertrand, Tanguy, Beyssac, Olivier, Bloch, Thierry, Bonnet, Jean-Yves, Bousquet, Bruno, Boustelitane, Abderrahmane, Bouyssou Mann, Magali, Brand, Matthew, Cais, Philippe, Caravaca, Gwenael, De Pinedo, Kepa Castro Ortiz, Cazalla, Charlene, Charpentier, Antoine, Chide, Baptiste, Clavé, Elise, Clegg, Samuel, Cloutis, Ed, Coloma, Leire, Comellas, Jade, Connell, Stephanie, Cousin, Agnes, DeFlores, Lauren, Dehouck, Erwin, Delapp, Dot, Perez, Tomas Delgado, Deron, Robin, Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, Alain, Dromart, Gilles, Essunfeld, Ari, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Follic, Hugo, Forni, Olivier, Fouchet, Thierry, Francis, Raymond, Frydenvang, Jens, Gabriel, Travis, Gallegos, Zachary, García-Florentino, Cristina, Gasda, Patrick, Gasnault, Olivier, Gibbons, Erin, Gillier, Martin, Gomez, Laura, Gonzalez, Sofia, Grotzinger, John, Huidobro, Jennifer, Jacob, Xavier, Johnson, Jeffrey, Kalucha, Hemani, Kelly, Evan, Knutsen, Elise, Lacombe, Gaetan, Lamarque, Florentin, Lanza, Nina, Larmat, Carene, Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, Laetitia, Le Mouelic, Stephane, Legett, Chip, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Little, Cynthia, Loche, Mattéo, Lopez Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lorigny, Eric, Madariaga, Juan Manuel, Madsen, Morten, Mandon, Lucia, Manelski, Henry, Mangold, Nicolas, Martinez, Jose Manrique, Martin, Noah, Martinez Frias, Jesus, Maurice, Sylvestre, Mcconnochie, Timothy, McLennan, Scott, Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre Yves, Meunier, Frederique, Mimoun, David, Montagnac, Gilles, Montmessin, Franck, Moros, Javier, Mousset, Valerie, Murdoch, Naomi, Nelson, Tony, Newell, Ray, Nicolas, Cécile, Newsom, Horton, O’Shea, Colleen, Ollila, Ann, Pantalacci, Philippe, Parmentier, Jonathan, Peret, Laurent, Perrachon, Pascal, Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, Cédric, Pinet, Patrick, Poblacion, Iratxe, Poulet, Francois, Quantin Nataf, Cathy, Rapin, William, Reyes, Ivan, Rigaud, Laurent, Robinson, Scott, Rochas, Ludovic, Root, Margaret, Ropert, Eloise, Rouverand, Léa, Royer, Clement, Perez, Fernando Rull, Said, David, Sans-Jofre, Pierre, Schroeder, Susanne, Seel, Fabian, Sharma, Shiv, Sheridan, Amanda, Sobron Sanchez, Pablo, Stcherbinine, Aurélien, Stott, Alex, Toplis, Michael, Turenne, Nathalie, Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Wiens, Roger, Wolf, Uriah, and Zastrow, Allison
Abstract: Planetary exploration relies considerably on mineral characterization to advance our understanding of the solar system, the planets and their evolution. Thus, we must understand past and present processes that can alter materials exposed on the surface, affecting space mission data. Here, we analyze the first dataset monitoring the evolution of a known mineral target in situ on the Martian surface, brought there as a SuperCam calibration target onboard the Perseverance rover. We used Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystalline state of a synthetic apatite sample over the first 950 Martian days (sols) of the Mars2020 mission. We note significant variations in the Raman spectra acquired on this target, specifically a decrease in the relative contribution of the Raman signal to the total signal. These observations are consistent with the results of a UV-irradiation test performed in the laboratory under conditions mimicking ambient Martian conditions. We conclude that the observed evolution reflects an alteration of the material, specifically the creation of electronic defects, due to its exposure to the Martian environment and, in particular, UV irradiation. This ongoing process of alteration of the Martian surface needs to be taken into account for mineralogical space mission data analysis.
Published: 2024

12. Probable Concretions Observed in the Shenandoah Formation of Jezero Crater, Mars and Comparison With Terrestrial Analogs.

Author: Kalucha, H., Broz, A., Randazzo, N., Aramendia, J., Madariaga, J. M., Garczynski, B., Lanza, N., Mandon, L., Fouchet, T., Catling, D. C., Fairén, A. G., Kivrak, L., Gasda, P. J., Núñez, J. I., Cloutis, E., Hand, K. P., Rice, J. W., Fischer, W. W., Maurice, S., and Wiens, R. C.
Subjects: MARTIAN craters, BEDROCK, MICROBIAL metabolism, CLAY minerals, CALCIUM salts
Abstract: The Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover imaged diagenetic textural features in four separate sedimentary units in its exploration of the 25‐m‐thick Shenandoah formation at Jezero Crater, Mars, that we interpreted as probable concretions. These concretions were most abundant in the Hogwallow Flats member of the Shenandoah formation and were restricted to the light‐toned, platy, sulfur‐cemented bedrock at outcrop surfaces, whereas the finely laminated, darker toned, mottled and deformed strata lack concretions. The concretions also had a wide range of morphologies including concentric, oblate, urn, and spheroidal shaped forms that were not clustered, and ranged in size from ∼1 to 16 mm with a median of 2.65 mm. The elemental composition of the concretions compared to the bedrock had greater abundance of magnesium and calcium salts, silicates, and possibly hematite. We compared these Jezero Crater concretions to the geochemistry of concretions from previously published studies and from two new terrestrial analog sites (Gallup Formation, New Mexico and Torrey Pines, California). In addition, we measured organic carbon content of three terrestrial sedimentary analogs of increasing age that contain concretions (Torrey Pines (Pleistocene), Gallup Formation (∼89 Ma), and Moodies Group (∼3.2 Ga)). All measured concretions contained significant concentrations of organic carbon with the maximum organic carbon content (∼2 wt. % Total organic carbon) found in the Moodies Group concretions. Organic carbon abundances in terrestrial concretions was controlled more by the formation mechanism and relative timing of concretion development rather than deposit age. These findings suggested that concretions at Jezero Crater reflect local sites of enhanced biosignature preservation potential. Plain Language Summary: The Perseverance Rover discovered concretions in its exploration of the rock packages at Jezero Crater, Mars and one of the sample return cores was collected from concretion‐rich bedrock. Concretions are resistant cement in the rock that are found in many shapes (usually spherical or oblate) and range from millimeter to meter size scales on Earth; they can be formed through inorganic water‐rock reactions or facilitated by microbial metabolisms. We documented the abundance, size, composition, and shape of the concretions to understand how these features were formed. We found that the concretions are mixtures of salts, clay minerals, and iron oxides. We compared these results to terrestrial concretions with similar mineral compositions and measured the organic carbon in four terrestrial analogs. Comparisons with terrestrial concretions in this study and the literature suggested that the concretion composition in Jezero Crater could have high organic preservation potential. Thus, the concretions in Jezero Crater may retain organic carbon and other biosignatures and might therefore be considered as high priority samples of astrobiological interest out of the current sample suite for return to Earth. Key Points: Jezero Crater concretions are variably enriched in Si, Ca, and Mg salts, and Fe oxidesTerrestrial concretions of similar mineralogy analyzed in this study contain significant organic carbon phasesBased on terrestrial analogs, Jezero Crater concretions may represent sites of enhanced biosignature preservation potential [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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13. Variable Iron Mineralogy and Redox Conditions Recorded in Ancient Rocks Measured by In Situ Visible/Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy at Jezero Crater, Mars.

Author: Mandon, L., Ehlmann, B. L., Wiens, R. C., Garczynski, B. J., Horgan, B. H. N., Fouchet, T., Loche, M., Dehouck, E., Gasda, P., Johnson, J. R., Broz, A., Núñez, J. I., Rice, M. S., Vaughan, A., Royer, C., Gómez, F., Annex, A. M., Beyssac, O., Forni, O., and Brown, A.
Subjects: HEMATITE, SEDIMENTARY rocks, SEDIMENTATION & deposition, REFLECTANCE measurement, IGNEOUS rocks
Abstract: Using relative reflectance measurements from the Mastcam‐Z and SuperCam instruments on the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, we assess the variability of Fe mineralogy in Noachian/Hesperian‐aged rocks at Jezero crater. The results reveal diverse Fe3+ and Fe2+ minerals. The igneous crater floor, where small amounts of Fe3+‐phyllosilicates and poorly crystalline Fe3+‐oxyhydroxides have been reported, is spectrally similar to most oxidized basalts observed at Gusev crater. At the base of the western Jezero sedimentary fan, new spectral type points to an Fe‐bearing mineral assemblage likely dominated by Fe2+. By contrast, most strata exposed at the fan front show signatures of Fe3+‐oxides (mostly fine‐grained crystalline hematite), Fe3+‐sulfates (potentially copiapites), strong signatures of hydration, and among the strongest signatures of red hematite observed in situ, consistent with materials having experienced vigorous water‐rock interactions and/or higher degrees of diagenesis under oxidizing conditions. The fan top strata show hydration but little to no signs of Fe oxidation likely implying that some periods of fan construction occurred either during a reduced atmosphere era or during short‐lived aqueous activity of liquid water in contact with an oxidized atmosphere. We also report the discovery of alternating cm‐scale bands of red and gray layers correlated with hydration and oxide variability, which has not yet been observed elsewhere on Mars. This could result from syn‐depositional fluid chemistry variations, possibly as seasonal processes, or diagenetic overprint of oxidized fluids percolating through strata having variable permeability. Plain Language Summary: The oxidation states of the atmosphere and waters (whether rich or poor in oxidants such as oxygen) of Mars and their evolution are poorly constrained but can be recorded in the iron (Fe) mineralogy of rocks. Using data from the Perseverance rover, we analyzed the Fe mineralogy of ∼4–3 Ga old rocks from an ancient lake at Jezero crater. Oxidized Fe is found in igneous rocks and lowermost portions of sedimentary rocks, carried by clays and poorly crystalline oxides in the former and by sulfates and crystalline oxides in the latter, pointing to past action of oxidizing fluids, affecting more intensely the sedimentary rocks. Fe shows poor to no signs of oxidation in the uppermost strata, which might be evidence for a reducing atmosphere during sediment deposition or that the aqueous environment was too cold or too short‐lived to oxidize minerals. We also report Fe mineralogy variability at the cm‐scale in alternating colored layers, which has not been observed previously on Mars and could possibly mean that seasonal processes are recorded at Jezero crater. Key Points: In situ reflectance data measured with Mars 2020 show variable Fe mineralogy in sedimentary rocks at Jezero craterStrata exposed at the fan front experienced stronger oxidative water‐rock interactions compared to the upper fan and igneous crater floorWe identify cm‐scale color banding correlated with Fe‐oxide variability that likely indicates time variation in redox [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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14. Architecture of Fluvial and Deltaic Deposits Exposed Along the Eastern Edge of the Western Fan of Jezero Crater, Mars

Author: Mangold, N., primary, Caravaca, G., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Williams, R. M. E., additional, Dromart, G., additional, Gasnault, O., additional, Le Mouélic, S., additional, Paar, G., additional, Bell, J., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Carlot, N., additional, Cousin, A., additional, Dehouck, E., additional, Horgan, B., additional, Kah, L. C., additional, Lasue, J., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Núñez, J. I., additional, Shuster, D., additional, Stack, K. M., additional, Weiss, B. P., additional, and Wiens, R. C., additional
Published: 2024
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15. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Shenandoah Formation, Western Fan, Jezero Crater, Mars

Author: Stack, K. M., primary, Ives, L. R. W., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Lamb, M. P., additional, Tebolt, M., additional, Caravaca, G., additional, Grotzinger, J. P., additional, Russell, P., additional, Shuster, D. L., additional, Williams, A. J., additional, Amundsen, H., additional, Alwmark, S., additional, Annex, A. M., additional, Barnes, R., additional, Bell, J., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Bosak, T., additional, Crumpler, L. S., additional, Dehouck, E., additional, Gwizd, S. J., additional, Hickman‐Lewis, K., additional, Horgan, B. H. N., additional, Hurowitz, J., additional, Kalucha, H., additional, Kanine, O., additional, Lesh, C., additional, Maki, J., additional, Mangold, N., additional, Randazzo, N., additional, Seeger, C., additional, Williams, R. M. E., additional, Brown, A., additional, Cardarelli, E., additional, Dypvik, H., additional, Flannery, D., additional, Frydenvang, J., additional, Hamran, S.‐E., additional, Núñez, J. I., additional, Paige, D., additional, Simon, J. I., additional, Tice, M., additional, Tate, C., additional, and Wiens, R. C., additional
Published: 2024
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16. Sub‐Diurnal Methane Variations on Mars Driven by Barometric Pumping and Planetary Boundary Layer Evolution

Author: Ortiz, J. P., primary, Rajaram, H., additional, Stauffer, P. H., additional, Lewis, K. W., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, and Harp, D. R., additional
Published: 2024
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17. Author Correction: In situ recording of Mars soundscape

Author: Maurice, S., Chide, B., Murdoch, N., Lorenz, R. D., Mimoun, D., Wiens, R. C., Stott, A., Jacob, X., Bertrand, T., Montmessin, F., Lanza, N. L., Alvarez-Llamas, C., Angel, S. M., Aung, M., Balaram, J., Beyssac, O., Cousin, A., Delory, G., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Gasnault, O., Grip, H., Hecht, M., Hoffman, J., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Maki, J., McClean, J., Meslin, P.-Y., Le Mouélic, S., Munguira, A., Newman, C. E., Rodríguez Manfredi, J. A., Moros, J., Ollila, A., Pilleri, P., Schröder, S., de la Torre Juárez, M., Tzanetos, T., Stack, K. M., Farley, K., and Williford, K.
Published: 2022
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18. In Situ Geologic Context Mapping Transect on the Floor of Jezero Crater From Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Observations

Author: Crumpler, L. S., primary, Horgan, B. H. N., additional, Simon, J. I., additional, Stack, K. M., additional, Alwmark, S., additional, Dromart, G., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Udry, A., additional, Brown, A. J., additional, Russell, P., additional, Amundson, H. E. F., additional, Hamran, S.‐E., additional, Bell, J., additional, Shuster, D., additional, Calef, F. J., additional, Núñez, J., additional, Cohen, B. A., additional, Flannery, D., additional, Herd, C. D. K., additional, Hand, K. P., additional, Maki, J. N., additional, Schmidt, M., additional, Golombek, M. P., additional, and Williams, N. R., additional
Published: 2023
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19. Samples Collected From the Floor of Jezero Crater With the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover

Author: Simon, J. I., primary, Hickman‐Lewis, K., additional, Cohen, B. A., additional, Mayhew, L. E., additional, Shuster, D. L., additional, Debaille, V., additional, Hausrath, E. M., additional, Weiss, B. P., additional, Bosak, T., additional, Zorzano, M.‐P., additional, Amundsen, H. E. F., additional, Beegle, L. W., additional, Bell, J. F., additional, Benison, K. C., additional, Berger, E. L., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Brown, A. J., additional, Calef, F., additional, Casademont, T. M., additional, Clark, B., additional, Clavé, E., additional, Crumpler, L., additional, Czaja, A. D., additional, Fairén, A. G., additional, Farley, K. A., additional, Flannery, D. T., additional, Fornaro, T., additional, Forni, O., additional, Gómez, F., additional, Goreva, Y., additional, Gorin, A., additional, Hand, K. P., additional, Hamran, S.‐E., additional, Henneke, J., additional, Herd, C. D. K., additional, Horgan, B. H. N., additional, Johnson, J. R., additional, Joseph, J., additional, Kronyak, R. E., additional, Madariaga, J. M., additional, Maki, J. N., additional, Mandon, L., additional, McCubbin, F. M., additional, McLennan, S. M., additional, Moeller, R. C., additional, Newman, C. E., additional, Núñez, J. I., additional, Pascuzzo, A. C., additional, Pedersen, D. A., additional, Poggiali, G., additional, Pinet, P., additional, Quantin‐Nataf, C., additional, Rice, M., additional, Rice, J. W., additional, Royer, C., additional, Schmidt, M., additional, Sephton, M., additional, Sharma, S., additional, Siljeström, S., additional, Stack, K. M., additional, Steele, A., additional, Sun, V. Z., additional, Udry, A., additional, VanBommel, S., additional, Wadhwa, M., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Williams, A. J., additional, and Williford, K. H., additional
Published: 2023
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20. A Mars 2020 Perseverance SuperCam Perspective on the Igneous Nature of the Máaz Formation at Jezero Crater and Link With Séítah, Mars

Author: Udry, A., Ostwald, A., Sautter, V., Cousin, A., Beyssac, O., Forni, O., Dromart, G., Benzerara, K., Nachon, M., Horgan, B., Mandon, L., Clavé, E., Dehouck, E., Gibbons, E., Alwmark, S., Ravanis, E., Wiens, R. C., Legett, C., Anderson, R., Pilleri, P., Mangold, N., Schmidt, M., Liu, Y., Núñez, J. I., Castro, K., Madariaga, J. M., Kizovski, T., Beck, P., Bernard, S., Bosak, T., Brown, A., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Cohen, B., Connell, S., Crumpler, L., Debaille, V., Flannery, D., Fouchet, T., Gabriel, T. S.J., Gasnault, O., Herd, C. D.K., Johnson, J., Manrique, J. A., Maurice, S., McCubbin, F. M., McLennan, S., Ollila, A., Pinet, P., Quantin-Nataf, C., Udry, A., Ostwald, A., Sautter, V., Cousin, A., Beyssac, O., Forni, O., Dromart, G., Benzerara, K., Nachon, M., Horgan, B., Mandon, L., Clavé, E., Dehouck, E., Gibbons, E., Alwmark, S., Ravanis, E., Wiens, R. C., Legett, C., Anderson, R., Pilleri, P., Mangold, N., Schmidt, M., Liu, Y., Núñez, J. I., Castro, K., Madariaga, J. M., Kizovski, T., Beck, P., Bernard, S., Bosak, T., Brown, A., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Cohen, B., Connell, S., Crumpler, L., Debaille, V., Flannery, D., Fouchet, T., Gabriel, T. S.J., Gasnault, O., Herd, C. D.K., Johnson, J., Manrique, J. A., Maurice, S., McCubbin, F. M., McLennan, S., Ollila, A., Pinet, P., and Quantin-Nataf, C.
Abstract: The Máaz formation consists of the first lithologies in Jezero crater analyzed by the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover. This formation, investigated from Sols (Martian days) 1 to 201 and from Sols 343 to 382, overlies the Séítah formation (previously described as an olivine-rich cumulate) and was initially suggested to represent an igneous crater floor unit based on orbital analyses. Using SuperCam data, we conducted a detailed textural, chemical, and mineralogical analyses of the Máaz formation and the Content member of the Séítah formation. We conclude that the Máaz formation and the Content member are igneous and consist of different lava flows and/or possibly pyroclastic flows with complex textures, including vesicular and non-vesicular rocks with different grain sizes. The Máaz formation rocks exhibit some of the lowest Mg# (=molar 100 × MgO/MgO + FeO) of all Martian igneous rocks analyzed so far (including meteorites and surface rocks) and show similar basaltic to basaltic-andesitic compositions. Their mineralogy is dominated by Fe-rich augite to possibly ferrosilite and plagioclase, and minor phases such as Fe-Ti oxides and Si-rich phases. They show a broad diversity of both compositions and textures when compared to Martian meteorites and other surface rocks. The different Máaz and Content lava or pyroclastic flows all originate from the same parental magma and/or the same magmatic system, but are not petrogenetically linked to the Séítah formation. The study of returned Máaz samples in Earth-based laboratories will help constrain the formation of these rocks, calibrate Martian crater counting, and overall, improve our understanding of magmatism on Mars.
Published: 2023

21. In Situ Geologic Context Mapping Transect on the Floor of Jezero Crater from Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Observations

Author: Crumpler, L. S., Horgan, B., Simon, J., Stack, K., Alwmark, S., Gilles, D., Wiens, R., Udry, A., Brown, A., Russell, P., Amundson, H., Hamran, S‐e., Bell, J., Shuster, D., Calef, F., Núñez, J., Cohen, B., Flannery, D., Herd, C. D. K., Hand, K., Maki, J., Schmidt, M., Golombek, M., Williams, N., Crumpler, L. S., Horgan, B., Simon, J., Stack, K., Alwmark, S., Gilles, D., Wiens, R., Udry, A., Brown, A., Russell, P., Amundson, H., Hamran, S‐e., Bell, J., Shuster, D., Calef, F., Núñez, J., Cohen, B., Flannery, D., Herd, C. D. K., Hand, K., Maki, J., Schmidt, M., Golombek, M., and Williams, N.
Abstract: In situ geologic context mapping (GXM) based on rover and helicopter observations provides documentation of a nearly continuous record of geology and exposed surface structure over a 120 m-wide corridor along the traverse of the Mars 2020 /Perseverance rover. The results record the geologic context of Mars 2020 campaign sites and sample sites including the local extent of bedrock outcrops, stratigraphy, attitude, and structure from imaging and rover-based remote sensing, and outcrop lithology based on in situ proximity science. Mapping identifies a sequence of igneous lithologies including: (1) early mafic, possibly intrusive, rocks; (2) pervasively fractured and deeply altered massive bedrock of undetermined protolith; (3) buried and exhumed lava flows with pahoehoe and aa textures; (4) several varieties of regolith; and (5) small impact craters.
Published: 2023

22. Samples Collected from the Floor of Jezero Crater with the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover

Author: Simon, J. I., Hickman-Lewis, K., Cohen, B. A., Mayhew, L.E., Shuster, D.L., Debaille, V., Hausrath, E. M., Weiss, B.P., Bosak, T., Zorzano, M.-P., Amundsen, H. E. F., Beegle, L.W., Bell III, J.F., Benison, K. C., Berger, E. L., Beyssac, O., Brown, A.J., Calef, F., Casademont, T. M., Clark, B., Clavé, E., Crumpler, L., Czaja, A. D., Fairén, A. G., Farley, K. A., Flannery, D. T., Fornaro, T., Forni, O., Gómez, F., Goreva, Y., Gorin, A., Hand, K. P., Hamran, S.-E., Henneke, J., Herd, C. D. K., Horgan, B. H. N., Johnson, J. R., Joseph, J., Kronyak, R. E., Madariaga, J. M., Maki, J. N., Mandon, L., McCubbin, F. M., McLennan, S. M., Moeller, R. C., Newman, C. E., Núñez, J. I., Pascuzzo, A. C., Pedersen, D. A., Poggiali, G., Pinet, P., Quantin-Nataf, C., Rice, M., Rice Jr., J. W., Royer, C., Schmidt, M., Sephton, M., Sharma, S., Siljeström, S., Stack, K. M., Steele, A., Sun, V. Z., Udry, A., VanBommel, S., Wadhwa, M., Wiens, R. C., Williams, A. J., Williford, K. H., Simon, J. I., Hickman-Lewis, K., Cohen, B. A., Mayhew, L.E., Shuster, D.L., Debaille, V., Hausrath, E. M., Weiss, B.P., Bosak, T., Zorzano, M.-P., Amundsen, H. E. F., Beegle, L.W., Bell III, J.F., Benison, K. C., Berger, E. L., Beyssac, O., Brown, A.J., Calef, F., Casademont, T. M., Clark, B., Clavé, E., Crumpler, L., Czaja, A. D., Fairén, A. G., Farley, K. A., Flannery, D. T., Fornaro, T., Forni, O., Gómez, F., Goreva, Y., Gorin, A., Hand, K. P., Hamran, S.-E., Henneke, J., Herd, C. D. K., Horgan, B. H. N., Johnson, J. R., Joseph, J., Kronyak, R. E., Madariaga, J. M., Maki, J. N., Mandon, L., McCubbin, F. M., McLennan, S. M., Moeller, R. C., Newman, C. E., Núñez, J. I., Pascuzzo, A. C., Pedersen, D. A., Poggiali, G., Pinet, P., Quantin-Nataf, C., Rice, M., Rice Jr., J. W., Royer, C., Schmidt, M., Sephton, M., Sharma, S., Siljeström, S., Stack, K. M., Steele, A., Sun, V. Z., Udry, A., VanBommel, S., Wadhwa, M., Wiens, R. C., Williams, A. J., and Williford, K. H.
Abstract: The first samples collected by the Mars 2020 mission represent units exposed on the Jezero Crater floor, from the potentially oldest Séítah formation outcrops to the potentially youngest rocks of the heavily cratered Máaz formation. Surface investigations reveal landscape-to-microscopic textural, mineralogical, and geochemical evidence for igneous lithologies, some possibly emplaced as lava flows. The samples contain major rock-forming minerals such as pyroxene, olivine, and feldspar, accessory minerals including oxides and phosphates, and evidence for various degrees of aqueous activity in the form of water-soluble salt, carbonate, sulfate, iron oxide, and iron silicate minerals. Following sample return, the compositions and ages of these variably altered igneous rocks are expected to reveal the geophysical and geochemical nature of the planet’s interior at the time of emplacement, characterize martian magmatism, and place timing constraints on geologic processes, both in Jezero Crater and more widely on Mars. Petrographic observations and geochemical analyses, coupled with geochronology of secondary minerals, can also reveal the timing of aqueous activity as well as constrain the chemical and physical conditions of the environments in which these minerals precipitated, and the nature and composition of organic compounds preserved in association with these phases. Returned samples from these units will help constrain the crater chronology of Mars and the global evolution of the planet’s interior, for understanding the processes that formed Jezero Crater floor units, and for constraining the style and duration of aqueous activity in Jezero Crater, past habitability, and cycling of organic elements in Jezero Crater.
Published: 2023

23. Compositional Variations in Sedimentary Deposits in Gale Crater as Observed by ChemCam Passive and Active Spectra

Author: Manelski, H. T., Sheppard, R. Y., Fraeman, A. A., Wiens, R. C., Johnson, J. R., Rampe, E. B., Frydenvang, J., Lanza, N. L., Gasnault, O., Manelski, H. T., Sheppard, R. Y., Fraeman, A. A., Wiens, R. C., Johnson, J. R., Rampe, E. B., Frydenvang, J., Lanza, N. L., and Gasnault, O.
Abstract: During the first 2934 sols of the Curiosity rover's mission 33,468 passive visible/near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra were taken of the surface by the mast-mounted Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument on a range of target types. ChemCam spectra of bedrock targets from the Murray and Carolyn Shoemaker formations on Mt. Sharp were investigated using principal component analysis and various spectral parameters including the band depth at 535 nm and the slope between 840 and 750 nm. Four end-member spectra were identified. Passive spectra were compared to Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) data to search for correlations between spectral properties and elemental abundances. The correlation coefficient between FeOT reported by LIBS and BD535 from passive spectra was used to search for regions where iron may have been added to the bedrock through oxidation of ferrous-bearing fluids but no correlations were found. Rocks in the Blunts Point-Sutton Island transition that have unique spectral properties compared to surrounding rocks, that is flat NIR slopes and weak 535 nm absorptions, are associated with higher Mn and Mg in the LIBS spectra of bedrock. Additionally, calcium-sulfate cements, previously identified by Ca and S enrichments in the LIBS spectra of bedrock, were also shown to be associated with spectral trends seen in Blunts Point. A shift toward a steeper NIR slope is seen in the Hutton interval, indicative of changing depositional conditions or increased diagenesis.
Published: 2023

24. Compositional Variations in Sedimentary Deposits in Gale Crater as Observed by ChemCam Passive and Active Spectra

Author: Manelski, H. T., primary, Sheppard, R. Y., additional, Fraeman, A. A., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Johnson, J. R., additional, Rampe, E. B., additional, Frydenvang, J., additional, Lanza, N. L., additional, and Gasnault, O., additional
Published: 2023
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25. CHEMCAM SULFUR ABUNDANCES IN THE KNOCKFARRIL HILL MEMBER, GALE CRATER MARS

Author: Hoffman, M. E., Newsom, H. E., Clegg, S. M., Gasda, P. J., Lanza, N., Gasnault, O., Wiens, R. C., Delapp, D. M., Institute of Meteoritics [Albuquerque] (IOM), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

26. VARIABILITY IN MT. SHARP GROUP BEDROCK AS SEEN BY CHEMCAM PASSIVE AND ACTIVE

Author: Manelski, H. T., Sheppard, R. Y., Fraeman, A. A., Wiens, R. C., Johnson, J. R., Rampe, E. B., Frydenvang, J., Lanza, N. L., Gasnault, O., Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

27. IRRADIATION OF ORGANICS ON MARS: EVOLUTION OF THE RAMAN SIGNAL OF THE ERTALYTE TARGET ABOARD PERSEVERANCE

Author: Bernard, S., Beyssac, O., Ollila, A., Lopez-Reyes, G., Manrique, J., Mouélic, S. Le, Beck, P., Forni, O., Pilleri, P., Cousin, A., Gasnault, O., Meslin, P.Y, Travis, G., Clavé, E., Royer, C., Wiens, R., Maurice, S., Team, The Supercam, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), United States Geological Survey (USGS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

28. The fate of manganese: fractionation of mn and fe during the kinetic alteration process

Author: Loche, M., Fabre, S., Cousin, A., Treiman, A., Lanza, N., Meslin, P-Y., Gasda, P., Das, D., Tutolo, B., Gasnault, O., Maurice, S., Wiens, R., Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of Calgary, Purdue University [West Lafayette], and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

29. Soil diversity on Mars: comparison between Gale and Jezero craters

Author: Cousin, A., Beyssac, O., Forni, O., Meslin, P.Y, Martin, N., Chide, B., Hausrath, E.M., Sullivan, R., Poulet, F., Dehouck, E., Lasue, J., Schröder, S., Gasnault, O., Pilleri, P., Wiens, R., Team, The Supercam Science, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Cornell University [New York], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

30. CHEMCAM: ZAPPING MARS FOR 10 YEARS (AND MORE)

Author: Gasnault, Olivier, Lanza, N., Wiens, R., Maurice, S., Mangold, N., Johnson, J., Dehouck, E., Beck, P., Cousin, A., Pinet, P., Bridges, J., Dromart, G., Mcconnochie, T., Mouélic, S. Le, Team, The Chemcam, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of Leicester, Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

31. Acoustics of martian geological material from the shock waves of the laser-induced sparks of supercam

Author: Alvarez, C., Laserna, J., Moros, J., Purohit, P., Angel, S. M., Bernardi, P., Beyssac, O., Bousquet, B., Cadu, A., Chide, B., Clavé, E., Dauson, E., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Gasnault, O., Jacob, Xavier, Lacombe, G., Lanza, N.L., Larmat, C., Lasue, J., Lorenz, R.D., Meslin, P.-Y., Mimoun, D., Montmessin, Franck, Murdoch, N., Ollila, A. M., Pilleri, P., Reyes-Newell, A. L., Schröder, S., Stott, A., Cate, J. Ten, Vogt, D., Clegg, S., Cousin, A., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], University of South Carolina [Columbia], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Purdue University [West Lafayette], and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

32. Analysis of co-located supercam and sherloc observations on abrasion patches in Jezero crater

Author: Connell, S. A., Wiens, R. C., Cardarelli, E. L., Deen, R., Mandon, L., Sharma, S., Beyssac, O., Clavé, E., Siljeström, S., Czaja, A.I., Pilleri, P., Gasnault, O., Lopez-Reyes, G., Johnson, J.R., Bhartia, R., Maurice, S., Teams, Supercam And Sherloc, Purdue University [West Lafayette], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), University of Cincinnati (UC), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Photon Systems Inc., and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

33. Reflectance of Jezero crater floor: 2. Mineralogical interpretation

Author: Mandon, Lucia, Quantin-Nataf, Cathy, Royer, Clément, Beck, Pierre, Fouchet, Thierry, Johnson, Jeffrey, Dehouck, Erwin, Le Mouélic, S., Poulet, François, Montmessin, Franck, Pilorget, Cédric, Gasnault, O., FORNI, Olivier, Mayhew, L., Beyssac, O., Bertrand, T., Clavé, E., Pinet, P., Brown, A., Legett, C., Tarnas, J., Cloutis, E., Poggiali, G., Fornaro, T., Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, R., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geological Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plancius Research LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Winnipeg, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)
Subjects: Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover landed in the ancient lakebed of Jezero crater, Mars on February 2021. Here we assess the mineralogy of the rocks, regolith, and dust measured during the first year of the mission on the crater floor, using the visible and near-infrared spectrometer of SuperCam onboard the Perseverance rover. Most of the minerals detected from orbit are present in the bedrock, with olivine-bearing rocks at the bottom of the stratigraphy and high-Ca pyroxene-bearing rocks at the top. This is distinct from the overall low-Ca pyroxene-bearing composition of the watershed of Jezero, and points towards an igneous origin. Alteration mineral phases were detected in most of the rocks analyzed in low proportions, suggesting that aqueous alteration of the crater floor has been spatially widespread, but limited in intensity and/or time. The diverse aqueous mineralogy suggests that the aqueous alteration history of the crater floor consists of at least two stages, to form phyllosilicates and oxyhydroxides, and later sulfates. We interpret their formation in a lake or under deeper serpentinization conditions, and in an evaporative environment, respectively. Spectral similarities of dust with some rock coatings suggest widespread past processes of dust induration under liquid water activity late in the history of Jezero. Analysis of the regolith revealed some local inputs from the surrounding rocks. Relevant to the Mars Sample Return mission, the spectral features exhibited by the rocks sampled on the crater floor are representative of the diversity of spectra measured on the geological units investigated by the rover.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Reflectance of Jezero Crater Floor: 1. Data Processing and Calibration of the Infrared Spectrometer (IRS) on SuperCam

Author: Royer, Clément, Fouchet, T., Mandon, L., Montmessin, Franck, Poulet, F., Forni, O., Johnson, J., Legett, C., Le Mouélic, S., Gasnault, O., Quantin-Nataf, C., Beck, Pierre, Dehouck, E., Clavé, E., Ollila, A., Pilorget, C., Bernardi, P., Reess, J.‐M., Pilleri, P., Brown, A., Newell, R., Cloutis, E., Maurice, S., Wiens, R., Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Plancius Research LLC, Department of Geography [Winnipeg], University of Winnipeg, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), and Purdue University [West Lafayette]
Subjects: Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract: International audience; The $Perseverance$ rover, Mars 2020 mission, landed on the surface of the Jezero Crater, on February, 18th 2021. This Martian crater is suspected to have hosted a paleolake as evidenced by the numerous detections of aqueously-altered phases and thus is a promising candidate for the search for past Martian life. The SuperCam instrument, a collaboration by a consortium of American and European laboratories, plays a leading role in this investigation thanks to its highly versatile payload providing rapid, synergistic, fine-scale mineralogy, chemistry, and color imaging. After its landing, the first measurements of Martian targets with the infrared spectrometer of SuperCam (IRS) showed new instrumental behaviors that had to be characterized and calibrated to derive unbiased science data. The IRS radiometric response has thus been calibrated using periodic observations of the Aluwhite SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT). Parasitic effects were understood and mitigated, and the instrumental dark and noise are characterized and modeled. The reflectance calibrated data products, provided periodically on the NASA Planetary Data System, are corrected for the main instrumental features. This radiometric calibration allowed us to study the 2.5 μm absorption band which has been discovered in the Séítah unit and is associated with phyllosilicates-carbonates mixtures.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Evidence for Amorphous Sulfates as the Main Carrier of Soil Hydration in Gale Crater, Mars

Author: David, G., primary, Dehouck, E., additional, Meslin, P.‐Y., additional, Rapin, W., additional, Cousin, A., additional, Forni, O., additional, Gasnault, O., additional, Lasue, J., additional, Mangold, N., additional, Beck, P., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Berger, G., additional, Fabre, S., additional, Pinet, P., additional, Clark, B. C., additional, Smith, J. R., additional, and Lanza, N. L., additional
Published: 2022
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36. The Distribution of Clay Minerals and Their Impact on Diagenesis in Glen Torridon, Gale Crater, Mars

Author: Rudolph, A., primary, Horgan, B., additional, Johnson, J., additional, Bennett, K., additional, Haber, J., additional, Bell, J. F., additional, Fox, V., additional, Jacob, S., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Rampe, E., additional, Rice, M., additional, Seeger, C., additional, and Wiens, R., additional
Published: 2022
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37. Developing Tailored Data Combination Strategies to Optimize the SuperCam Classification of Carbonate Phases on Mars.

Author: Veneranda, M., Manrique, J. A., Lopez‐Reyes, G., Julve‐Gonzalez, S., Rull, F., Alvarez Llamas, C., Delgado Pérez, T., Gibbons, E., Clavé, E., Cloutis, E., Huidobro, J., Castro, K., Madariaga, J. M., Randazzo, N., Brown, A., Willis, P., Maurice, S., and Wiens, R. C.
Subjects: LASER-induced breakdown spectroscopy, CARBONATE minerals, FISHER discriminant analysis, MARS (Planet), PRINCIPAL components analysis, DISCRIMINANT analysis, GEOLOGICAL modeling, NAIVE Bayes classification
Abstract: The SuperCam instrument onboard the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover investigates Martian geological targets by a combination of multiple spectroscopic techniques. As Raman, Visible‐Infrared Spectroscopy, and Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) spectra deliver complementary information about the interrogated sample, the multivariate analysis of combined spectroscopic data sets is here proposed as a tool to optimize the SuperCam capability to discriminate mineral phases on Mars. For this purpose, the laboratory study of carbonate phases within the Ca‐Mg‐Fe ternary system were selected as representative case of study. After the characterization of model samples, the discrimination capability of mono analytical Raman, VISIR, and LIBS data sets was evaluated by applying a chemometric approach based on the combination of principal component analysis (for sample clustering) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (for mineral classification). Afterward, the low‐level combination (LL) of Raman, VISIR, and LIBS data was achieved by concatenating their spectra into a single data matrix. The mineral classification achieved by LL data sets outperformed the mono analytical ones, thus proving the complementarity between molecular and elemental spectroscopic techniques. Mineral classification was further improved by using a mid‐level data combination strategy. After evaluating benefits and limitations afforded by the proposed combination strategies, future developments are finally outlined. As such, the final objective of this research line is to develop a classification model based on data combination to optimize the capability of SuperCam in discriminating relevant minerals on Mars, this being a key requirement for the selection of the optimal targets to be cached for the future Mars Sample Return Mission. Plain Language Summary: The SuperCam instrument onboard the Perseverance rover is capable of analyzing Martian rocks and soils by a combination of Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Raman and Visible‐Infrared Spectroscopy (VISIR). Learning from terrestrial applications, the complementary information provided by the three spectroscopic techniques can be correlated to obtain a more accurate interpretation of the analyzed target. This approach could be particularly useful to discriminate carbonates, which are interesting minerals where to look for traces of past life. Having this in mind, several carbonate samples have been analyzed with laboratory Raman, LIBS, and VISIR instrument. After evaluating the advantages and limitations of each technique, their data were merged by using low‐level and mid‐level strategies that were successfully used previous works. This work proved that, when spectra are combined, the discrimination of carbonate phases is more accurate than when each technique is interpreted separately. This suggests the scientific results obtained by SuperCam on Mars could benefit from the development of tailored classification models based on data combination. Key Points: Data combination of Raman, Visible‐Infrared Spectroscopy, and Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy spectra collected by SuperCam is proposedLow‐ and mid‐level data combination strategies based on principal component analysis (discrimination) + PC‐Linear Discriminant Analysis (classification are evaluated and compared)The low‐level combination method outperformed the mono analytical discrimination. The mid‐level one further improved the results [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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38. A comparison of the igneous máaz formation at jezero crater with martian meteorites

Author: Udry, A., Ostwald, A., Sautter, V., Cousin, A., Wiens, R. C., Forni, O., Benzerara, K., Beyssac, O., Nachon, M., Dromart, G., Quantin, C., Mandon, L., Clavé, E., Pinet, P., Ollila, A., Bosak, T., Mangold, N., Dehouck, E., Johnson, J., Schmidt, M., Horgan, B., Gabriel, T., Mclennan, S., Maurice, S., Simon, J.I., Herd, C. D. K., M.Madiaraga, J., Brown, A, Connell, S., Flannery, D., Tosca, N., Cohen, B., Liu, Y., Mccubbin, F. M., Cloutis, E., Fouchet, T., Royer, C., Alwmark, S., Sharma, S., Anderson, R., Pilleri, P, University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Texas A&M University System, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Brock University [Canada], Purdue University [West Lafayette], United States Geological Survey (USGS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA-NASA, University of Alberta, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), NASA, University of Winnipeg, Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), and University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM)
Subjects: jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], rover, mars mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, supercam, meteorites
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

39. An olivine cumulate outcrop on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars

Author: Liu, Y., primary, Tice, M. M., additional, Schmidt, M. E., additional, Treiman, A. H., additional, Kizovski, T. V., additional, Hurowitz, J. A., additional, Allwood, A. C., additional, Henneke, J., additional, Pedersen, D. A. K., additional, VanBommel, S. J., additional, Jones, M. W. M., additional, Knight, A. L., additional, Orenstein, B. J., additional, Clark, B. C., additional, Elam, W. T., additional, Heirwegh, C. M., additional, Barber, T., additional, Beegle, L. W., additional, Benzerara, K., additional, Bernard, S., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Bosak, T., additional, Brown, A. J., additional, Cardarelli, E. L., additional, Catling, D. C., additional, Christian, J. R., additional, Cloutis, E. A., additional, Cohen, B. A., additional, Davidoff, S., additional, Fairén, A. G., additional, Farley, K. A., additional, Flannery, D. T., additional, Galvin, A., additional, Grotzinger, J. P., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Hall, J., additional, Herd, C. D. K., additional, Hickman-Lewis, K., additional, Hodyss, R. P., additional, Horgan, B. H. N., additional, Johnson, J. R., additional, Jørgensen, J. L., additional, Kah, L. C., additional, Maki, J. N., additional, Mandon, L., additional, Mangold, N., additional, McCubbin, F. M., additional, McLennan, S. M., additional, Moore, K., additional, Nachon, M., additional, Nemere, P., additional, Nothdurft, L. D., additional, Núñez, J. I., additional, O’Neil, L., additional, Quantin-Nataf, C. M., additional, Sautter, V., additional, Shuster, D. L., additional, Siebach, K. L., additional, Simon, J. I., additional, Sinclair, K. P., additional, Stack, K. M., additional, Steele, A., additional, Tarnas, J. D., additional, Tosca, N. J., additional, Uckert, K., additional, Udry, A., additional, Wade, L. A., additional, Weiss, B. P., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Williford, K. H., additional, and Zorzano, M.-P., additional
Published: 2022
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40. Aqueously altered igneous rocks sampled on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars

Author: Farley, K. A., primary, Stack, K. M., additional, Shuster, D. L., additional, Horgan, B. H. N., additional, Hurowitz, J. A., additional, Tarnas, J. D., additional, Simon, J. I., additional, Sun, V. Z., additional, Scheller, E. L., additional, Moore, K. R., additional, McLennan, S. M., additional, Vasconcelos, P. M., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, Treiman, A. H., additional, Mayhew, L. E., additional, Beyssac, O., additional, Kizovski, T. V., additional, Tosca, N. J., additional, Williford, K. H., additional, Crumpler, L. S., additional, Beegle, L. W., additional, Bell, J. F., additional, Ehlmann, B. L., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Maki, J. N., additional, Schmidt, M. E., additional, Allwood, A. C., additional, Amundsen, H. E. F., additional, Bhartia, R., additional, Bosak, T., additional, Brown, A. J., additional, Clark, B. C., additional, Cousin, A., additional, Forni, O., additional, Gabriel, T. S. J., additional, Goreva, Y., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Hamran, S.-E., additional, Herd, C. D. K., additional, Hickman-Lewis, K., additional, Johnson, J. R., additional, Kah, L. C., additional, Kelemen, P. B., additional, Kinch, K. B., additional, Mandon, L., additional, Mangold, N., additional, Quantin-Nataf, C., additional, Rice, M. S., additional, Russell, P. S., additional, Sharma, S., additional, Siljeström, S., additional, Steele, A., additional, Sullivan, R., additional, Wadhwa, M., additional, Weiss, B. P., additional, Williams, A. J., additional, Wogsland, B. V., additional, Willis, P. A., additional, Acosta-Maeda, T. A., additional, Beck, P., additional, Benzerara, K., additional, Bernard, S., additional, Burton, A. S., additional, Cardarelli, E. L., additional, Chide, B., additional, Clavé, E., additional, Cloutis, E. A., additional, Cohen, B. A., additional, Czaja, A. D., additional, Debaille, V., additional, Dehouck, E., additional, Fairén, A. G., additional, Flannery, D. T., additional, Fleron, S. Z., additional, Fouchet, T., additional, Frydenvang, J., additional, Garczynski, B. J., additional, Gibbons, E. F., additional, Hausrath, E. M., additional, Hayes, A. G., additional, Henneke, J., additional, Jørgensen, J. L., additional, Kelly, E. M., additional, Lasue, J., additional, Le Mouélic, S., additional, Madariaga, J. M., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Merusi, M., additional, Meslin, P.-Y., additional, Milkovich, S. M., additional, Million, C. C., additional, Moeller, R. C., additional, Núñez, J. I., additional, Ollila, A. M., additional, Paar, G., additional, Paige, D. A., additional, Pedersen, D. A. K., additional, Pilleri, P., additional, Pilorget, C., additional, Pinet, P. C., additional, Rice, J. W., additional, Royer, C., additional, Sautter, V., additional, Schulte, M., additional, Sephton, M. A., additional, Sharma, S. K., additional, Sholes, S. F., additional, Spanovich, N., additional, St. Clair, M., additional, Tate, C. D., additional, Uckert, K., additional, VanBommel, S. J., additional, Yanchilina, A. G., additional, and Zorzano, M.-P., additional
Published: 2022
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41. Barometric Pumping Through Fractured Rock: A Mechanism for Venting Deep Methane to Mars' Atmosphere

Author: Ortiz, J. P., primary, Rajaram, H., additional, Stauffer, P. H., additional, Harp, D. R., additional, Wiens, R. C., additional, and Lewis, K. W., additional
Published: 2022
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42. First Results from Atmospheric Observations of CO2, H2O, and CO from SuperCam on Mars2020-Pereverance Rover

Author: Montmessin, Franck, Mcconnochie, T., Fouchet, T., Royer, C., Knutsen, Elise Wright, Bertrand, T., Forni, O., Pilleri, P., Gasnault, O., Lacombe, Gaetan, Lasue, J., Legett, C., Lemmon, M. T., Newell, T., Venhaus, D. M., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), University of Maryland [College Park], and University of Maryland System
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; Not Available
Published: 2022

43. Unexplained Oxygen Variability: New Results on Molecular Oxygen in the Lower Martian Atmosphere from Chemcam and Supercam Passive Sky Observations

Author: Mcconnochie, T., Trainer, Melissa G., Smith, M., Guzewich, S., Franz, H. B., Newman, C., Lo, D., Atreya, S., Moores, J., Sapers, H., Lemmon, Mark, Wolff, Michael, Montmessin, Franck, Knutsen, Elise Wright, Fouchet, Thierry, Bertrand, Tanguy, Gasnault, Olivier, Lasue, Jérémie, Forni, O., Pilleri, Paolo, Maurice, Sylvestre, Legett, Carey, Newell, Raymond, Venhaus, Dawn, Lanza, Nina, Wiens, R., Hecht, M., Zorzano, M.-P., Khayat, A., Lefèvre, Franck, Daerden, Frank, Fedorova, Anna, Trokhimovskiy, Alexander, Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Aeolis Research, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Purdue University [West Lafayette], MIT Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology [GSFC] (CRESST), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), and Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

44. A Komatiite Succession as an Analog for the Olivine Bearing Rocks at Jezero

Author: Brown, A. J., Wiens, R. C., Maurice, S., Uckert, K., Tice, M., Flannery, David, Treiman, A. H., Deen, R. G., Siebach, K. L., Beegle, L. W., Abbey, W. J., Bell, J. F., Mayhew, L. E., Simon, J. I., Beyssac, O., Willis, P. A., Bhartia, R., Smith, R. J., Fouchet, T., Quantin-Nataf, C., Pinet, P., Mandon, Lucia, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Udry, A., Horgan, B., Calef, F., Cloutis, E., Turenne, N., Royer, Clément, Zorzano, María-Paz, Ravanis, Eleni, Fagents, S., Fairen, Alberto, Gupta, S., Sautter, Violaine, Liu, Y., Schmidt, M., Hickman-Lewis, K., Kah, L. C., Brown, A. J., Wiens, R. C., Maurice, S., Uckert, K., Tice, M., Flannery, David, Treiman, A. H., Deen, R. G., Siebach, K. L., Beegle, L. W., Abbey, W. J., Bell, J. F., Mayhew, L. E., Simon, J. I., Beyssac, O., Willis, P. A., Bhartia, R., Smith, R. J., Fouchet, T., Quantin-Nataf, C., Pinet, P., Mandon, Lucia, Le Mouélic, Stéphane, Udry, A., Horgan, B., Calef, F., Cloutis, E., Turenne, N., Royer, Clément, Zorzano, María-Paz, Ravanis, Eleni, Fagents, S., Fairen, Alberto, Gupta, S., Sautter, Violaine, Liu, Y., Schmidt, M., Hickman-Lewis, K., and Kah, L. C.
Abstract: The Mars 2020 rover landed at Jezero crater on February 18, 2021. Since then, the rover has traveled around the “Séítah” region and has collected data from the Mastcam-Z, Supercam, PIXL and SHERLOC instruments that has led to insights into the formation of the olivine-clay-carbonate bearing rocks that were identified from orbit. Here we discuss three questions: 1) What have we learned about the olivine-clay- carbonate unit? 2) What terrestrial analogs exist for the unit? 3) Why do the rocks have a thinly layered morphology? We shall briefly mention instrumental measurements which provide important information regarding the olivine bearing rock at Seitah.
Published: 2022

45. Aqueously altered igneous rocks sampled on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars

Author: Farley, K A, Stack, K M, Shuster, D L, Horgan, B H N, Hurowitz, J A, Tarnas, J D, Simon, J I, Sun, V Z, Scheller, E L, Moore, K R, McLennan, S M, Vasconcelos, P M, Wiens, R C, Treiman, A H, Mayhew, L E, Beyssac, O, Kizovski, T V, Tosca, N J, Williford, K H, Crumpler, L S, Beegle, L W, Bell, J F, Ehlmann, B L, Liu, Y, Maki, J N, Schmidt, M E, Allwood, A C, Amundsen, H E F, Bhartia, R, Bosak, T, Brown, A J, Clark, B C, Cousin, A, Forni, O, Gabriel, T S J, Goreva, Y, Gupta, S, Hamran, S-E, Herd, C D K, Hickman-Lewis, K, Johnson, J R, Kah, L C, Kelemen, P B, Kinch, K B, Mandon, L, Mangold, N, Quantin-Nataf, C, Rice, M S, Russell, P S, Sharma, S K, Siljeström, S, Steele, A, Sullivan, R, Wadhwa, M, Weiss, B P, Williams, A J, Wogsland, B V, Willis, P A, Acosta-Maeda, T A, Beck, P, Benzerara, K, Bernard, S, Burton, A S, Cardarelli, E L, Chide, B, Clavé, E, Cloutis, E A, Cohen, B A, Czaja, A D, Debaille, V, Dehouck, E, Fairén, A G, Flannery, D T, Fleron, S Z, Fouchet, T, Frydenvang, J, Garczynski, B J, Gibbons, E F, Hausrath, E M, Hayes, A G, Henneke, J, Jørgensen, J L, Kelly, E M, Lasue, J, Le Mouélic, S, Madariaga, J M, Maurice, S, Merusi, M, Meslin, P-Y, Milkovich, S M, Million, C C, Moeller, R C, Núñez, J I, Ollila, A M, Paar, G, Paige, D A, Pedersen, D A K, Pilleri, P, Pilorget, C, Pinet, P C, Rice, J W, Royer, C, Sautter, V, Schulte, M, Sephton, M A, Sholes, S F, Spanovich, N, St Clair, M, Tate, C D, Uckert, K, VanBommel, S J, Yanchilina, A G, Zorzano, M-P, Farley, K A, Stack, K M, Shuster, D L, Horgan, B H N, Hurowitz, J A, Tarnas, J D, Simon, J I, Sun, V Z, Scheller, E L, Moore, K R, McLennan, S M, Vasconcelos, P M, Wiens, R C, Treiman, A H, Mayhew, L E, Beyssac, O, Kizovski, T V, Tosca, N J, Williford, K H, Crumpler, L S, Beegle, L W, Bell, J F, Ehlmann, B L, Liu, Y, Maki, J N, Schmidt, M E, Allwood, A C, Amundsen, H E F, Bhartia, R, Bosak, T, Brown, A J, Clark, B C, Cousin, A, Forni, O, Gabriel, T S J, Goreva, Y, Gupta, S, Hamran, S-E, Herd, C D K, Hickman-Lewis, K, Johnson, J R, Kah, L C, Kelemen, P B, Kinch, K B, Mandon, L, Mangold, N, Quantin-Nataf, C, Rice, M S, Russell, P S, Sharma, S K, Siljeström, S, Steele, A, Sullivan, R, Wadhwa, M, Weiss, B P, Williams, A J, Wogsland, B V, Willis, P A, Acosta-Maeda, T A, Beck, P, Benzerara, K, Bernard, S, Burton, A S, Cardarelli, E L, Chide, B, Clavé, E, Cloutis, E A, Cohen, B A, Czaja, A D, Debaille, V, Dehouck, E, Fairén, A G, Flannery, D T, Fleron, S Z, Fouchet, T, Frydenvang, J, Garczynski, B J, Gibbons, E F, Hausrath, E M, Hayes, A G, Henneke, J, Jørgensen, J L, Kelly, E M, Lasue, J, Le Mouélic, S, Madariaga, J M, Maurice, S, Merusi, M, Meslin, P-Y, Milkovich, S M, Million, C C, Moeller, R C, Núñez, J I, Ollila, A M, Paar, G, Paige, D A, Pedersen, D A K, Pilleri, P, Pilorget, C, Pinet, P C, Rice, J W, Royer, C, Sautter, V, Schulte, M, Sephton, M A, Sholes, S F, Spanovich, N, St Clair, M, Tate, C D, Uckert, K, VanBommel, S J, Yanchilina, A G, and Zorzano, M-P
Abstract: The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars, to investigate ancient lake and river deposits. We report observations of the crater floor, below the crater’s sedimentary delta, finding the floor consists of igneous rocks altered by water. The lowest exposed unit, informally named Séítah, is a coarsely crystalline olivine-rich rock, which accumulated at the base of a magma body. Fe-Mg carbonates along grain boundaries indicate reactions with CO2-rich water, under water-poor conditions. Overlying Séítah is a unit informally named Máaz, which we interpret as lava flows or the chemical complement to Séítah in a layered igneous body. Voids in these rocks contain sulfates and perchlorates, likely introduced by later near-surface brine evaporation. Core samples of these rocks were stored aboard Perseverance for potential return to Earth.
Published: 2022

46. Aqueously altered igneous rocks sampled on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars

Author: Farley, K. A., Stack, K. M., Shuster, D. L., Horgan, B. H. N., Hurowitz, J. A., Tarnas, J. D., Simon, J. I., Sun, V. Z., Scheller, E. L., Moore, K. R., McLennan, S. M., Vasconcelos, P. M., Wiens, R. C., Treiman, A. H., Mayhew, L. E., Beyssac, O., Kizovski, T. V., Tosca, N. J., Williford, K. H., Crumpler, L. S., Beegle, L. W., Bell, J. F., Ehlmann, B. L., Liu, Y., Maki, J. N., Schmidt, M. E., Allwood, A. C., Amundsen, H. E. F., Bhartia, R., Bosak, T., Brown, A. J., Clark, B. C., Cousin, A., Forni, O., Gabriel, T. S. J., Goreva, Y., Gupta, S., Hamran, S.-E., Herd, C. D. K., Hickman-Lewis, K., Johnson, J. R., Kah, L. C., Kelemen, P. B., Kinch, K. B., Mandon, L., Mangold, N., Quantin-Nataf, C., Rice, M. S., Russell, P. S., Sharma, S., Siljeström, S., Steele, A., Sullivan, R., Wadhwa, M., Weiss, B. P., Williams, A. J., Wogsland, B. V., Willis, P. A., Acosta-Maeda, T. A., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Burton, A. S., Cardarelli, E. L., Chide, B., Clavé, E., Cloutis, E. A., Cohen, B. A., Czaja, A. D., Debaille, V., Dehouck, E., Fairén, A. G., Flannery, D. T., Fleron, S. Z., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Garczynski, B. J., Gibbons, E. F., Hausrath, E. M., Hayes, A. G., Henneke, J., Jørgensen, J. L., Kelly, E. M., Lasue, J., Le Mouélic, S., Madariaga, J. M., Maurice, S., Merusi, M., Meslin, P.-Y., Milkovich, S. M., Million, C. C., Moeller, R. C., Nuñez, J. I., Ollila, A. M., Paar, G., Paige, D. A., Pedersen, D. A. K., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P. C., Rice, J. W., Royer, C., Sautter, V., Schulte, M., Sephton, M. A., Sharma, S. K., Sholes, S. F., Spanovich, N., Clair, M. St., Tate, C. D., Uckert, K., VanBommel, S. J., Yanchilina, A. G., Zorzano, M.-P., Farley, K. A., Stack, K. M., Shuster, D. L., Horgan, B. H. N., Hurowitz, J. A., Tarnas, J. D., Simon, J. I., Sun, V. Z., Scheller, E. L., Moore, K. R., McLennan, S. M., Vasconcelos, P. M., Wiens, R. C., Treiman, A. H., Mayhew, L. E., Beyssac, O., Kizovski, T. V., Tosca, N. J., Williford, K. H., Crumpler, L. S., Beegle, L. W., Bell, J. F., Ehlmann, B. L., Liu, Y., Maki, J. N., Schmidt, M. E., Allwood, A. C., Amundsen, H. E. F., Bhartia, R., Bosak, T., Brown, A. J., Clark, B. C., Cousin, A., Forni, O., Gabriel, T. S. J., Goreva, Y., Gupta, S., Hamran, S.-E., Herd, C. D. K., Hickman-Lewis, K., Johnson, J. R., Kah, L. C., Kelemen, P. B., Kinch, K. B., Mandon, L., Mangold, N., Quantin-Nataf, C., Rice, M. S., Russell, P. S., Sharma, S., Siljeström, S., Steele, A., Sullivan, R., Wadhwa, M., Weiss, B. P., Williams, A. J., Wogsland, B. V., Willis, P. A., Acosta-Maeda, T. A., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Burton, A. S., Cardarelli, E. L., Chide, B., Clavé, E., Cloutis, E. A., Cohen, B. A., Czaja, A. D., Debaille, V., Dehouck, E., Fairén, A. G., Flannery, D. T., Fleron, S. Z., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Garczynski, B. J., Gibbons, E. F., Hausrath, E. M., Hayes, A. G., Henneke, J., Jørgensen, J. L., Kelly, E. M., Lasue, J., Le Mouélic, S., Madariaga, J. M., Maurice, S., Merusi, M., Meslin, P.-Y., Milkovich, S. M., Million, C. C., Moeller, R. C., Nuñez, J. I., Ollila, A. M., Paar, G., Paige, D. A., Pedersen, D. A. K., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P. C., Rice, J. W., Royer, C., Sautter, V., Schulte, M., Sephton, M. A., Sharma, S. K., Sholes, S. F., Spanovich, N., Clair, M. St., Tate, C. D., Uckert, K., VanBommel, S. J., Yanchilina, A. G., and Zorzano, M.-P.
Abstract: The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars, to investigate ancient lake and river deposits. We report observations of the crater floor, below the crater's sedimentary delta, finding that the floor consists of igneous rocks altered by water. The lowest exposed unit, informally named Seitah, is a coarsely crystalline olivine-rich rock, which accumulated at the base of a magma body. Magnesium-iron carbonates along grain boundaries indicate reactions with carbon dioxide-rich water under water-poor conditions. Overlying Seitah is a unit informally named Maaz, which we interpret as lava flows or the chemical complement to Seitah in a layered igneous body. Voids in these rocks contain sulfates and perchlorates, likely introduced by later near-surface brine evaporation. Core samples of these rocks have been stored aboard Perseverance for potential return to Earth.
Published: 2022

47. Homogeneity assessment of the SuperCam calibration targets onboard rover perseverance

Author: Madariaga, J. M., Aramendia, J., Arana, G., Castro, K., Gomez-Nubla, L., de Vallejuelo, S. Fdez-Ortiz, Garcia-Florentino, C., Maguregui, M., Manrique, J. A., Lopez-Reyes, G., Moros, J., Cousin, A., Maurice, S., Ollila, A. M., Wiens, R. C., Rull, F., Laserna, J., Garcia-Baonza, V., Madsen, M. B., Forni, O., Lasue, J., Clegg, S. M., Robinson, S., Bernardi, P., Brown, A. J., Cais, P., Martinez-Frias, J., Beck, P., Bernard, S., Bernt, M. H., Beyssac, O., Cloutis, E., Drouet, C., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Fabre, C., Gasnault, O., Gontijo, I., Johnson, J. R., Medina, J., Meslin, P. -Y., Montagnac, G., Sautter, V., Sharma, S. K., Veneranda, M., Willis, P. A., Madariaga, J. M., Aramendia, J., Arana, G., Castro, K., Gomez-Nubla, L., de Vallejuelo, S. Fdez-Ortiz, Garcia-Florentino, C., Maguregui, M., Manrique, J. A., Lopez-Reyes, G., Moros, J., Cousin, A., Maurice, S., Ollila, A. M., Wiens, R. C., Rull, F., Laserna, J., Garcia-Baonza, V., Madsen, M. B., Forni, O., Lasue, J., Clegg, S. M., Robinson, S., Bernardi, P., Brown, A. J., Cais, P., Martinez-Frias, J., Beck, P., Bernard, S., Bernt, M. H., Beyssac, O., Cloutis, E., Drouet, C., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Fabre, C., Gasnault, O., Gontijo, I., Johnson, J. R., Medina, J., Meslin, P. -Y., Montagnac, G., Sautter, V., Sharma, S. K., Veneranda, M., and Willis, P. A.
Abstract: The SuperCam instrument, onboard the Perseverance rover (Mars 2020 mission) is designed to perform remote analysis on the Martian surface employing several spectroscopic techniques such as Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman (TRR), Time-Resolved Fluorescence (TRF) and Visible and Infrared (VISIR) reflectance. In addition, SuperCam also acquires high-resolution images using a color remote micro imager (RMI) as well as sounds with its microphone. SuperCam has three main subsystems, the Mast Unit (MU) where the laser for chemical analysis and collection optics are housed, the Body Unit (BU) where the different spectrometers are located inside the rover, and the SuperCam Calibration Target (SCCT) located on the rover's deck to facilitate calibration tests at similar ambient conditions as the analyzed samples. To perform adequate calibrations on Mars, the 22 mineral samples included in the complex SCCT assembly must have a very homogeneous distribution of major and minor elements. The analysis and verification of such homogeneity for the 5-6 replicates of the samples included in the SCCT has been the aim of this work. To verify the physic chemical homogeneity of the calibration targets, micro Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) imaging was first used on the whole surface of the targets, then the relative abundances of the detected elements were computed on 20 randomly distributed areas of 100 x 100 mu m. For those targets showing a positive Raman response, micro-Raman spectroscopy imaging was performed on the whole surface of the targets at a resolution of 100 x 100 mu m. The %RSD values (percent of relative standard deviation of mean values) for the major elements measured with EDXRF were compared with similar values obtained by two independent LIBS set-ups at spot sizes of 300 mu m in diameter. The statistical analysis showed which elements were homogeneously distributed in the 22 mineral targets of the SCCT, providing their unc
Published: 2022

48. Carbonate Detection With SuperCam in Igneous Rocks on the Floor of Jezero Crater, Mars.

Author: Clavé, E., Benzerara, K., Meslin, P.‐Y., Forni, O., Royer, C., Mandon, L., Beck, P., Quantin‐Nataf, C., Beyssac, O., Cousin, A., Bousquet, B., Wiens, R. C., Maurice, S., Dehouck, E., Schröder, S., Gasnault, O., Mangold, N., Dromart, G., Bosak, T., and Bernard, S.
Subjects: IGNEOUS rocks, MARTIAN atmosphere, CARBONATE minerals, MARTIAN meteorites, NEAR infrared reflectance spectroscopy, LASER-induced breakdown spectroscopy, CARBONATES, MARS (Planet), CRATER lakes
Abstract: Perseverance explored two geological units on the floor of Jezero Crater over the first 420 Martian days of the Mars2020 mission. These units, the Máaz and Séítah formations, are interpreted to be igneous in origin, with traces of alteration. We report the detection of carbonate phases along the rover traverse based on laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), infrared reflectance spectroscopy (IRS), and time‐resolved Raman (TRR) spectroscopy by the SuperCam instrument. Carbonates are identified through direct detection of vibrational modes of CO3 functional groups (IRS and TRR), major oxides content, and ratios of C and O signal intensities (LIBS). In Séítah, the carbonates are consistent with magnesite‐siderite solid solutions (Mg# of 0.42–0.70) with low calcium contents (<5 wt.% CaO). They are detected together with olivine in IRS and TRR spectra. LIBS and IRS also indicate a spatial association of the carbonates with clays. Carbonates in Máaz are detected in fewer points, as: (a) siderite (Mg# as low as 0.03); (b) carbonate‐containing coatings, enriched in Mg (Mg# ∼0.82) and spatially associated with different salts. Overall, using conservative criteria, carbonate detections are rare in LIBS (∼30/2,000 points), IRS (∼15/2,000 points), and TRR (1/150 points) data. This is best explained by (a) a low carbonate content overall, (b) small carbonate grains mixed with other phases, (c) intrinsic complexity of in situ measurements. This is consistent with orbital observations of Jezero crater, and similar to compositions of carbonates previously reported in Martian meteorites. This suggests a limited carbonation of Jezero rocks by locally equilibrated fluids. Plain Language Summary: Carbonates are mineral phases that generally form by alteration of primary, magmatic minerals. This alteration process may occur under a variety of environmental conditions, which affect the resulting carbonate phase: its abundance, composition, spatial distribution and the mineral phases it is associated with. Consequently, carbonates keep track of the environmental conditions under which they formed, and in particular, the amount of CO2 and liquid water involved in their formation. Understanding the history of both water and CO2 on Mars is critical to better understand the evolution of the red planet and its atmosphere, but also the origin of the water on Earth, and possibly the origin of life. Since the beginning of the Mars2020 mission in Jezero Crater, the SuperCam instrument has analyzed more than 200 rocks of the crater floor, and detected carbonates along Perseverance's traverse. Carbonates are found in low amounts, and are therefore complex to identify; we use SuperCam's combination of investigation techniques and a specifically developed methodology to strengthen the identification of carbonate phases and their characterization. Even though Jezero crater hosted a lake billions of years ago, the detected carbonates appear to have formed in smaller amounts of water, after the lake had disappeared. Key Points: Carbonates are detected along Perseverance's traverse in Jezero Crater with SuperCam using laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopyCarbonate abundance is low overall, consistent with the weak carbonate signatures observed from orbit in the explored unitsThe detected carbonates have variable compositions within the magnesite‐siderite series, and likely reflect multiple alteration episodes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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49. µLIBS: A MICRO-SCALE ELEMENTAL ANALYSER FOR LIGHTWEIGHT IN SITU EXPLORATION

Author: Rapin, W., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Dubois, B., Parot, Y., Bernardi, P., Nelson, T., Clegg, S., Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract: Microanalysis is the next step forward in Mars exploration. We propose a new ≤ 1.5 kg instrument to perform precise elemental grid microanalyses at 20–50 cm standoff without the need of turret or arm deployment.
Published: 2022

50. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VARIATIONS IN FLUVIAL INPUT WITHIN JEZERO CRATER FROM PERSEVERANCE ROVER OBSERVATIONS

Author: Nicolas Mangold, Sanjeev Gupta, Gwénaël CARAVACA, Olivier Gasnault, Gilles Dromart, Tarnas, J., Sholes, S., Horgan, B., Cathy Quantin-Nataf, Brown, A., Stéphane Le Mouélic, Yingst, R., Bell, J., Olivier Beyssac, Bosak, T., Calef, F., Ehlmann, B., Farley, K., Grotzinger, J., Hickman- Lewis, K., Holm-Alwmark, S., Kah, L., Martinez-Frias, J., Mclennan, S., Maurice, S., Nuñez, J., Ollila, A., Pilleri, P., Rice, J., Rice, M., Simon, J., Shuster, D., Stack, K., Sun, V., Treiman, A., Weiss, B., Wiens, R., Williams, A., Williams, N., Williford, K., Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Plancius Research LLC, Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Lund University [Lund], Natural History Museum of Denmark, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Knoxville], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Instituto de Geociencias [Madrid] (IGEO), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Geosciences [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), JHUAPL, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), College of Science & Engineering (College of Science & Engineering), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA-NASA, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), and Lunar and Planetary Institute
Subjects: Jezero crater, delta, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, Mars, sedimentology, stratigraphy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Perseverance rover landed on the floor of Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. The landing site, named “Octavia E. Butler” is located ~2.2 km from the SE-facing erosional scarp of the western fan deposits, which are of strong interest for the mission [1-2]. Images obtained using the Mastcam-Z camera and the Remote Micro-Imager (RMI) of the SuperCam instrument provided the first Mars ground-based observations of this western fan (Fig. 1). At the distance images were taken, the RMI images offer a pixel resolution of 2.2 cm, thus enabling identification of objects of typically 7-8 cm (3-4 pixels). Observations of the residual butte Kodiak confirmed the presence of a lake within Jezero crater, but also showed that the lake deduced from the deltaic architecture at Kodiak had a level ~100 m lower than expected (-2495/-2500 m), and was thus a closed system for a significant period [3]. In addition, the coarser deposits (boulder conglomerates and pebbly sandstones) observed near the top of all of the scarps are typical of fluvial floods with high energy, reflecting a change in hydrology of the fluvial system. Here, we focus on the hydrological characteristics of fluvial deposits observed within the scarps of the delta, both as topsets and as boulder conglomerates.
Published: 2022

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