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As value-based reimbursement models mature, understanding the potential trade-off between inpatient lengths of stay and complications or need for costly postacute care becomes more pressing. Understanding and predicting a patient's expected baseline length of stay may help providers understand how best to decide optimal discharge timing for high-risk total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients.A retrospective review was conducted of 37,406 primary total hip (17,134, 46%) and knee (20,272, 54%) arthroplasties performed at two high-volume, geographically diverse, tertiary health systems during the study period. Patients were stratified by 3 binary outcomes for extended inpatient length of stay: 72 + hours (29%), 4 + days (11%), or 5 + days (5%). The predictive ability of over 50 sociodemographic/comorbidity variables was tested. Multivariable logistic regression models were created using institution #1 (derivation), with accuracy tested using the cohort from institution #2 (validation).During the study period, patients underwent an extended length of stay with a decreasing frequency over time, with privately insured patients having a significantly shorter length of stay relative to those with Medicare (1.9 versus 2.3 days, P.0001). Extended stay patients also had significantly higher 90-day readmission rates (P.0001), even when excluding those discharged to postacute care (P .01). Multivariable logistic regression models created from the training cohort demonstrated excellent accuracy (area under the curve (AUC): 0.755, 0.783, 0.810) and performed well under external validation (AUC: 0.719, 0.743, 0.763). Many important variables were common to all 3 models, including age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, body mass index, marital status, bilateral case, insurance type, and 13 comorbidities.An online, freely available, preoperative clinical decision tool accurately predicts risk of extended inpatient length of stay after TJA. Many risk factors are potentially modifiable, and these validated tools may help guide clinicians in preoperative patient counseling, medical optimization, and understanding optimal discharge timing.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between job burnout and employee performance in the feed industry during the ASF outbreak. Further, the researchers employed a descriptive-correlational research design in order to analyze the acquired data and produce pertinent findings. Thus, the researchers gathered data from one hundred two (102) feed industry employees. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were employed to ascertain the extent of job burnout experienced by the respondents and evaluate employee performance, respectively. Based on the statistical analysis, there is a significant relationship between job burnout and employee performance. Moreover, the study's findings were thoroughly analyzed and discussed.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari tagline gratis ongkir yang di berlakukan oleh marketplace Shopee terhadap keputusan pembelian oleh konsumen Shopee generasi Z serta untuk mengetahui apakah nilai produk yang ditawarkan dan promosi diskon yang diberlakukan dapat memperkuat atau memperlemah hubungan pengaruh promosi gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian oleh konsumen Shopee generasi Z. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 101 orang yang merupakan konsumen Shopee generasi Z. Hasil analisis data statistik uji t, diketahui bahwa variabel gratis ongkir (X1) memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05 dan t hitung > t tabel ( 13.634 > 1.970) dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen generasi Z di Shopee. Hasil analisis uji MRA (Moderating Reggresion Analysis) diketahui nilai signifikansi dari variabel nilai produk sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai R Square sebesar 0,714 (71,4%) disimpulkan bahwa nilai produk dapat memperkuat hubungan gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian sebesar 71,4%. Serta diketahui nilai signifikansi dari variabel diskon sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai R Square sebesar 0,715 (71,5%) disimpulkan bahwa dengan ditambahkannya variabel diskon dapat memperkuat hubungan gratis ongkir terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen generasi Z pada marketplace Shopee.

The Windhoek Graben is a north-south trending rift in central Namibia that forms a prominent topographic feature bisecting an area of plateau uplift. It occupies a potentially crucial role in the propagation of the Late Cenozoic Southwest African Rift system regarding a possible continuation to the west of the Eiseb Rift. It is an unusual example of intra-continental rifting because it has no significant sediment fill associated with the period of active rifting, and hence the timing of rift activity and its tectonic relevance has not hitherto been established. To constrain the age of the Windhoek Graben we examine its regional geomorphic context and its relationship to four sites of igneous activity in the central Namibian Highlands. Two of these consist of clusters of eroded phonolitic tholoid bodies that have yielded 40Ar/39Ar dates of 32 Ma and 52 Ma, respectively, that we use to bracket the age of formation of a prominent remnant land surface, termed here the P52 Surface. From previous mapping of older intrusive igneous bodies, we argue that an even older land surface is partially preserved on the highest features in the area, and this surface (termed PRS) defines an initial domally uplifted surface from which initial drainage radiated, and onto which the earliest volcanic products associated with the Graben were erupted. In particular, the strong similarity in dyke and fault orientations is used to argue for a causal connection between the earliest magmatic activity and the onset of rifting. Long range correlation of PRS into the adjacent Aranos Basin strongly suggests a Late Cretaceous age for this earliest magmatic activity and the onset of rifting, but we cannot exclude a younger origin, any time up to the Early Eocene.

Perceptual control is achieved and maintained within a hierarchical network of interconnected control systems. In his work on Perceptual Control Theory (PCT), Powers described eleven levels of control: intensities, sensations, configurations, transitions, events, relationships, categories, sequences, programs, principles and system concepts. Despite Powers’ warning to not take these levels too seriously - they are hypotheses that need to be studied further - this chapter describes how our human perception is different at each level, and paints a picture of how PCT allows us to understand the complexity of our experience. This chapter explains the mechanism of hierarchical control, outlines the experience of control and loss of control at each level through the use of many examples, and explores its connection to the experience of self, emotions and time. The chapter concludes with ideas to test the presented hypotheses.

Reservoir presence is one of key risk in Ubadari Field. Understanding reservoir lateral extent and reservoir geometry are required to predict the range of gas in place for preparing further appraisal and/or development plan. The aim of the study is to construct robust sedimentology and depositional description of Main Jurassic Sand in Ubadari Field. An integrated approach based on core and image log data were conducted to build reliable depositional model. The study was accomplished by performing full examination from core data to define sedimentary facies and facies associations. Since the core data coverage is limited, integrating and calibrating core with image log data are important to interpret facies association for un-cored reservoir interval. Image log was heavily analyzed to get paleocurrent direction. After completing sequence stratigraphy evaluation, field scale depositional environment maps were constructed to defined reservoir lateral extent and geometry. Five main depositional environments are defined, which are floodplain, fluvial, foreshore, shoreface, and transition offshore depositional environments. Sandstone is mainly found as fluvial, foreshore, and shoreface deposits. Sandstone that was deposited as an amalgamated fluvial channel has relatively limited lateral extent with typical channel shape geometry. In the other hand, foreshore and shoreface sandstone are interpreted to be extensively distributed across the field as a sheet-sand geometry. Although the majority of reservoir is extensively distributed across both wells, several facies changes are defined from Ubadari-1 to Ubadari-2 well location, leading to potential lateral reservoir heterogeneity, especially from different depositional environment. Any available data must be incorporated to construct reliable subsurface reference case including image log. Integrated core and image log evaluation is highly valuable for building robust interpretation of sedimentology and depositional system, especially when core data coverage is limited. Understanding depositional model of Main Jurassic Sand in Ubadari Field at the early stage could allow a full-field development acceleration.

The Ubadari Field was not included in the original business plan for Tangguh Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) expansion due to limited gas resource estimates and its remote location. However, the team worked courageously, exploring ways to unlock the true potential of this field despite this assumption. In 2015, the vintage seismic dataset was reprocessed using the Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) technique in the velocity model building workflow. The reprocessed data indicated much larger potential resources inside this ‘sleeping’ gas field, leading to an appraisal well proposal. An appraisal well was drilled in early 2019, successfully demonstrating that the lateral extent of the Ubadari Field was larger than originally estimated. The result of the appraisal confirmed that the Ubadari Field is an attractive source of gas to maximize the value of the Tangguh LNG business. The reservoir is thick with good rock quality. A simple development concept with few wells is sufficient to monetize the resource and optimize the Tangguh Expansion Program phase 2. Despite its 70km distance from the Tangguh LNG facility, the new gas volume estimate and production performance prediction has allowed Ubadari Field development to be competitive and eventually replace other Tangguh development options, which had higher development costs. The Ubadari Field plan of development (PoD) was approved in 2021 and will support Indonesia to fulfill its growing energy demand. Successful appraisal of the Ubadari Field has brought new life for exploration activities in the Tangguh western corridor. The projected new infrastructure in the Ubadari area will stimulate and generate more resource options for future growth. The Ubadari Field tremendous success has an important role for a brighter potential of LNG business in Tangguh Area.

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The scattering of harmonic waves has been studied extensively for problems in quantum mechanics, acoustics, electromagnetics, and elasticity. Solutions to elastodynamic problems are the basis for ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation measurement models. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the use of the boundary element method (BEM) in the frequency domain using an off-boundary technique in which the observation points are taken inside the scattering object. This methodology removes both non-integrable singularities from the domain of integration along with avoiding ill-conditioning effects that occur at fictitious eigenfrequencies of which both require using special computationally demanding procedures to obtain solutions. Additionally, we employ both free and half-space fundamental solutions (Green’s displacement tensors) to investigate the elastodynamic scattering of an incident, plane, time-harmonic longitudinal wave in the frequency domain of a homogeneous, isotropic, and linear elastic solid with one or two spherical cavities. The half-space fundamental solution reduces the number of required boundary elements in half, which significantly reduces computational resource requirements. We only consider spherical cavities in this paper to illustrate the full and half-space off-boundary BEM and analyze the interaction effects associated with the elastodynamic scattering by two symmetric spherical cavities. To verify the validity of the free and half-space off-boundary BEM formulations, surface displacement results are compared with existing surface displacement results and show good agreement. Finally, the half-space off-boundary BEM is used to illustrate the interaction effects of the back and forward scattered displacement fields as a function of the distance from the spherical cavities.

Soil fauna and microbial communities drive key ecosystem functions such as carbon sequestration and nitrogen mineralisation. The soil microbiome itself is shaped by land-use and soil management, e.g. plant diversity. Detailed knowledge about the relationships involved would provide options for baseline accounting and/or soil management. However, current models for assessing carbon sequestration are poorly equipped to represent the soil biota composition, functional diversity and activity. We hypothesize that the effect of plant diversity on carbon sequestration, playing a key role on shaping soil microbiome, may be differentiated from its effect as a mere source of carbon. To test the hypothesis, a modelling exercise will be carried out using the ROTHC-model and data from EU long-term experiments (LTE). Data collection in the LTEs will include all relevant aspects of the soil microbiome, i.e. particularly regarding its composition and activity. The ROTHC-model includes a BIO pool that represents carbon stored in the microbial biomass. Not only have pool size and turnover rate of the BIO pool been poorly validated, but the concept falls short in taking soil biodiversity into account. Furthermore, the model may be extended to include C from plant roots. Based on the outcomes of a multivariate analysis focusing on carbon use efficiency (CUE), the inclusion of the effect of the soil biome may be improved. Several possible adaptations of the RothC model will be tested with data from selected LTEs and evaluation made relative to time series of measured SOC from selected LTEs reserved for validation. Then conclusions may be drawn for a policy-relevant indicator, e.g. regarding the impact of the soil microbiome on carbon sequestration. This approach for model development will be discussed.

Perceptual control is achieved and maintained within a hierarchical network of interconnected control systems. In his work on Perceptual Control Theory (PCT), Powers described eleven levels of control: intensities, sensations, configurations, transitions, events, relationships, categories, sequences, programs, principles and system concepts. Despite Powers’ warning to not take these levels too seriously - they are hypotheses that need to be studied further - this chapter describes how our human perception is different at each level, and paints a picture of how PCT allows us to understand the complexity of our experience. This chapter explains the mechanism of hierarchical control, outlines the experience of control and loss of control at each level through the use of many examples, and explores its connection to the experience of self, emotions and time. The chapter concludes with ideas to test the presented hypotheses.