Search

Many Chinese international students had to or chose to leave their host universities, receiving online international higher education (HE) at 'homes' during the COVID-19. Inspired by the 'glonacal' mode of thought, this qualitative study interviewed 16 Chinese international students at 'homes' to explore the potential complexities of spatiality and temporality regarding their online international HE experiences during COVID-19. Physically separating from host universities, our participants lost the sense of belongingness to the campus and felt disconnected with their academic communities. Their stories revealed a different 'money' value between gaining and losing regarding online international HE experiences at 'homes', and the disadvantages they experienced at host countries/universities. Our participants experienced temporal flexibility, temporal conflicts and temporal asymmetry simultaneously. Such spatial and temporal complexities intertwined with each other, making international student experience (ISE) during the COVID-19 unique. This article contributes to understanding of ISE and internationalisation of HE for a post-pandemic era.

Fighting in school is a specific type of violence that has been understudied in China. A total of 2,918 students were recruited through a stratified sampling method from eleven secondary schools in China. The results showed that around 14% of respondents had been involved in school fighting, and self-control significantly mediated the relationship between exposure to family violence and involvement in school fighting for both male and female students. In addition, exposure to violence on the Internet had direct and indirect effects on school fighting among male students, but not female students. Exposure to violent content on television and in magazines or newspapers had no significant effect on school fighting among both male and female students. Finally, involvement in school fighting should be understood from both individual and social environmental perspectives.

In order to draw lessons from history, grasp the law and identify directions, from the perspective of economic and social development, statistical analysis, induction and deduction and other methods were used to systematically tease out the development course of coal mine safety in 120 years since the 20th century is systematically reviewed. The 120-year history is divided into 7 historical periods, 4 historical periods in old-China and 3 historical periods in new-China. This paper established the time shaft concerning coal mine safety development, and analyzed the safety status and characteristics of coal mine in each historical period. In the study, the overall law of coal mine accidents in China was proposed, and the main tasks of coal mine safety production in the new era was proposed on this basis. According to the research results, it showed that coal mine accidents in China are on the trend of “long-term growth before rapid decline” on the whole, and the economic and social development presents significant characteristics of the times. Serious accidents happened frequently when the economic market fluctuates. The optimization of coal production structure and the improvement of the coal mine in technology equipment level are the important factors for the improvement of safety in production.

Military personnel, firefighters, and fire survivors exhibit a higher prevalence of mental health conditions such as depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population. While numerous studies have examined the neurological impacts of physical trauma and psychological stress, research on acute neurobehavioral effects of gas inhalation from explosions or fires is limited. This study investigates the early‐stage neurobehavioral and neuronal consequences of acute explosion gas inhalation in Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats were exposed to simulated explosive gas and subsequently assessed using behavioral tests and neurobiological analyses. The high‐dose exposure group demonstrated significant depression‐like behaviors, including reduced mobility and exploration. However, neuronal damage was not evident in histological analyses. Immunofluorescence revealed increased density of radial glia and oligodendrocytes in specific brain regions, suggesting hypoxia and axon damage induced by gas inhalation as a potential mechanism for the observed neurobehavioral changes. These findings underscore the acute impact of explosion gas inhalation on mental health, highlighting the habenula and dentate gyrus of hippocampus as the possible target regions. The findings are expected to support early diagnosis and treatment strategies for brain injuries caused by explosion gas, offering insights into early intervention for depression and PTSD in affected populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric energy harvesters are promising for collecting energy from ultra-low-frequency rotational machines due to their small-scale and lightweight characteristics. However, the power output for the reported rotational piezoelectric energy harvesters can hardly reach the milliwatt level, limiting their applications in sensor systems with high power consumption. To overcome this challenge, this Letter proposes an approach of using the internal impact mechanism to achieve high-performance lightweight ultra-low-frequency rotational energy harvesters. The internal impact is achieved by utilizing the velocity difference between a sliding mass and a tube on a piezoelectric beam. Through mathematical modeling and experimental validation, it is demonstrated that the velocity difference exists at ultra-low-rotational frequencies without a defined frequency lower limit, thus increasing the vibration amplitude of beam and enhancing the power output. The results show that the impact system achieves up to 136 times increase in power output compared to the non-impact system. With a maximum power output of 2.97 mW and a power density of 169.19 μW/g, the proposed energy harvester significantly outperforms the previously reported lightweight ultra-low-frequency rotational energy harvesters and shows great potential in self-powered sensing and monitoring of ultra-low-frequency rotational machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co‐parenting, the undertaking of parents working together to raise their children, is well documented as an important consideration of children's adjustment in Western countries, but we know less about the role of co‐parenting in other cultures. In China, for example, co‐parenting has only recently emerged in the social science literature. This study aimed to examine the cultural sensitivity of the CoPAFS instrument among Chinese Mandarin‐speaking parents. CoPAFS is a 27‐item survey designed to assess co‐parenting across married and unmarried family structures originally developed in English. Data were collected from 729 Chinese‐speaking and 348 English‐speaking respondents. Factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the overall model fit for the translated co‐parenting measure was acceptable in Mandarin. However, the five CoPAFS subscales (trust, respect, communication, acrimony, and value) differed across comparison groups, with communication notable for its lack of endorsement among Chinese couples. Implications of measuring co‐parenting within Chinese families are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dating sexual violence (DSV) is a serious social problem among college students worldwide. This study examines the effects of gender role attitudes (GRA) in DSV and the mediating role of rape myth acceptance (RMA) among students of different sexual orientations in China. A total of 2134 Chinese college students (553 men and 1581 women, 1751 heterosexuals and 383 sexually diverse groups) participated in this study. We found that sexually diverse men have the highest DSV perpetration (47.13%) and victimization rates (40.23%) and that sexually diverse women have the most equal gender attitudes. RMA is identified as a mediator of the relationship between GRA and DSV perpetration and victimization among heterosexuals, but not among sexually diverse groups. The need for more sexually inclusive educational interventions to decrease DSV on college campuses is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are responsible for Gaucher disease (GD) and are considered the strongest genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). GCase deficiency leads to extensive accumulation of glucosylceramides (GCs) in cells and contributes to the neuropathology of GD, PD, and LBD by triggering chronic neuroinflammation. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which GC accumulation induces neuroinflammation. We found that GC accumulation within microglia induced by pharmacological inhibition of GCase triggered STING-dependent inflammation, which contributed to neuronal loss both in vitro and in vivo. GC accumulation in microglia induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage to the cytosol to trigger STING-dependent inflammation. Rapamycin, a compound that promotes lysosomal activity, improved mitochondrial function, thereby decreasing STING signaling. Furthermore, lysosomal damage caused by GC accumulation led to defects in the degradation of activated STING, further exacerbating inflammation mediated by microglia. Thus, limiting STING activity may be a strategy to suppress neuroinflammation caused by GCase deficiency. Editor's summary: Loss of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase causes Gaucher disease, which features systemic buildup of the lipid glucosylceramide, neuroinflammation, and increased risk of Parkinson's disease. Wang et al. found that pharmacological inhibition of glucocerebrosidase in mice activated inflammatory microglia in the cortex. Glucosylceramide accumulation in microglia induced the release of mitochondrial DNA and impaired lysosomal function. As a result, STING signaling was activated and the clearance of STING and damaged mitochondria was impaired, thereby fueling neurodegenerative inflammation. Treating mice with a STING inhibitor or an enhancer of lysosomal function was neuroprotective, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches in patients. —Leslie K. Ferrarelli [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the first wave of the China Education Panel Survey, this study aims to test two competing mechanisms including son preference and meritocracy of leading to parents' expectations of and investment in their children's education. This article presents a general portrayal of academic performance among rural boys and girls. The findings depict a general pattern of parents' investment: parents are more likely to invest in their daughters than sons, and fathers have a higher educational expectation of daughters. The influence of sibling numbers and 'having a brother(s) or not' on parents' educational expectations and investment is similar for rural boys and girls. Fathers' educational expectations are mainly based on the academic performance of their children (meritocracy) while mothers' are more closely related to children's gender. Son preference as a cultural characteristic remains influential in rural regions, although it is not as powerful as before and a trend towards egalitarianism is emerging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Workplace sexual harassment (WSH) has been recognized in the literature as a serious problem for the past 40 years. Since 2017, the global #MeToo movement has fostered local awareness of WSH and inspired researchers in China to pay increasing attention. Guided by the gender empowerment theory, this study investigated the relationships between women's responses as targets of WSH (e.g., choosing avoidance or confrontation) and both their perceptions of gender equality and their knowledge of the relevant national laws. We used data from a recent large-scale online survey conducted on the topic of sexual harassment among Chinese women in four metropolitan cities in 2018 and selected 862 women who had experienced WSH during the previous 12 months as the study sample. The results revealed that 545 of the respondents chose to show resistance when faced with WSH, while 287 identified their boss as their harasser. In addition, respondents' perceptions of gender equality and their knowledge of national laws on anti-domestic violence were shown to have positive effects on their responses as targets of WSH. Moreover, monthly income, household registration, and type of WSH were found to be associated with targets' responses in a statistically significant way, whereas their marital status, educational background, and age were not. Furthermore, the study found that the boss as harasser weakened the relationship between women's perception of gender equality and their active response to WSH incidents. With this study, we advance our understanding of the important role that perceptions of gender equality play in women's responses as targets of WSH, and we discuss implications for prevention and intervention efforts that encourage targets to actively respond. We advocate promoting education on gender equality, fostering awareness of the laws and regulations relevant to WSH, and cultivating an organizational culture and environment that is hostile toward WSH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]