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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of bronchoscopic lavage in the treatment of children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia and its influence on pulmonary function. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 126 children who were diagnosed with severe mycoplasma pneumonia in Respiratory Department of our hospital from February 2018 to December 2020, and according to whether bronchoscopic lavage was performed, the children were divided into lavage group and control group, with 63 children in each group. The children in the control group were given basic pharmacotherapy alone, and those in the lavage group were treated with bronchoscopic lavage in addition to the same treatment in the control group. Related indices were collected and compared between the two groups, including duration of pyrexia, recovery time of pulmonary imaging, time to the disappearance of pulmonary rales, length of hospital stay, response rate, and pulmonary function parameters before treatment (on day 1 of hospitalization) and after treatment (on days 7-10 of hospitalization). Results There were significant differences between the lavage group and the control group in duration of pyrexia, recovery time of pulmonary imaging, time to the disappea-rance of pulmonary rales, and mean length of hospital stay (t=-8.972,-13.150,t'=-11.979,-8.650,P

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a special deposit of fat tissue surrounding the vasculature. Previous studies suggest that PVAT modulates the vasculature function in physiological conditions and is implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Understanding how PVAT influences vasculature function and vascular disease progression is important. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are novel mediators of intercellular communication. EVs encapsulate molecular cargo such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs can influence cellular functions by transferring the carried bioactive molecules. Emerging evidence indicates that PVAT-derived EVs play an important role in vascular functions under health and disease conditions. This review will focus on the roles of PVAT and PVAT-EVs in obesity, diabetic, and metabolic syndrome-related vascular diseases, offering novel insights into therapeutic targets for vascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exosomes (EXs), a type of extracellular vesicles, are secreted from virtually all types of cells. EXs serve as cell‐to‐cell communicators by conveying proteins and nucleic acids with regulatory functions. Increasing evidence shows that EXs are implicated in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Moreover, EXs have recently been highlighted as a new promising therapeutic strategy for in vivo delivery of nucleotides and drugs. Studies have revealed that infusion of EXs elicits beneficial effects on the CNS injury animal models. As compared to cell‐based therapy, EXs‐based therapy for CNS diseases has unique advantages, opening a new path for neurological medicine. In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge of EXs, the roles and applications of EXs as a viable pathological biomarker, and EX‐based therapy for CNS diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: It is well known that probiotics are effective in relieving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, their exact mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we evaluated the effect of novel Lactobacillusplantarum BC299 on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)‐induced colitis model mice and investigated the molecular mechanism. We found BC299 could regulate immune response and reduce immunosuppression by enhancing the expression of Th1 T cells in cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppressive model mice. Meanwhile, DSS‐induced colitis model mice were furtherly constructed. The results displayed BC299 can restore bodyweight and relieve colon morphology of colitis mice. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated BC299 can regulate immune response by reducing the expression of TNF‐α and IL‐1β mRNA and increasing the expression of IL‐10 and TGF‐β mRNA. Moreover, BC299 administration reshaped and increased the diversity of gut microbiota in IBD mice. Therefore, BC299 can alleviate colitis by regulating immune response and modulating gut microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]