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Abstract Real-time genomics through nanopore sequencing holds the promise of fast antibiotic resistance prediction directly in the clinical setting. However, concerns about the accuracy of genomics-based resistance predictions persist, particularly when compared to traditional, clinically established diagnostic methods. Here, we leverage the case of a multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection to demonstrate how real-time genomics can enhance the accuracy of antibiotic resistance profiling in complex infection scenarios. Our results show that unlike established diagnostics, nanopore sequencing data analysis can accurately detect low-abundance plasmid-mediated resistance, which often remains undetected by conventional methods. This capability has direct implications for clinical practice, where such “hidden” resistance profiles can critically influence treatment decisions. Consequently, the rapid, in situ application of real-time genomics holds significant promise for improving clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify parameters, before the start of the breeding season, that affect the conception rate of precocious Nelore heifers through ultrasonographic ovarian evaluation and evaluation of weight and body condition score (BCS). A total of 407 heifers aged 404±69 days (≈14 months old), weighing 267.1±31.2 kg, and with mean BCS of 3.1±0.5, were used. Heifers were subjected to hormone treatment to induce cyclicity and, 30 days later, to a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) program with three managements. Morphometric measurements of ovaries and ovarian structures were performed by transrectal ultrasonographic evaluation, as well as weighing and evaluation of BCS on D −30 and D0. Conception rate was evaluated 30 days after FTAI. The conception rate of heifers did not vary according to ovary diameter, weight, BCS, and age at first calving. However, heifers with the presence of follicle with a diameter > 6 mm at D −30 and D0 had a higher conception rate at the first FTAI. The presence of a dominant follicle greater than 6 mm at D −30 is an efficient complementary criterion to identify 14-month-old Nelore heifers with greater ability to conceive at the first FTAI before the breeding season. Antral follicle count performed on D −30 is not a good tool to predict fertility at the first FTAI, and the weight may not be a limiter to select heifers under good nutritional and health management.

ABSTRACT Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is recommended as first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women (scientific evidence level 1). Currently, hypopressive abdominal gymnastics (HAG) has been used in clinical practice without evidence for this purpose. To verify the superiority of an experimental treatment in relation to a positive control (gold standard) for the treatment of SUI and PFM function in climacteric women. A non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted with 31 climacteric women with SUI who were sexually active. They were allocated into two groups: 16 in the PFMT group and 15 in the HAG group. Both groups received 26 sessions twice per week and individual care. All participants were assessed twice, at the beginning and at the end of interventions. The primary outcome was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and the secondary were given by PFM function assessed via bidigital palpation. The methods used to analyze the results were the two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey post-hoc test, when necessary. PFMT was better in improving SUI in the primary outcome (p=0.01). The groups showed no significant difference in force of contraction, time of sustained PFM, and fast and slow repetitions at the time of analysis. Regarding the symptoms of SUI, PFMT performed better than HAG.

The objective was to estimate the growth curves and genetic parameters using random regression methodology for Nellore cattle raised in Pantanal, MS, Brazil (6974 calves; n = 53,233 weights), with at least four weighings per individual. The model considered direct and maternal genetic additives and maternal permanent environmental effects at random. Orthogonal Legendre polynomials of cubic order were used to fit the growth curve. Analyses of variance were performed using the GLM procedure. The model used contained the fixed effects of sex, year of birth, farm, and the covariates calf birth month (linear and quadratic) and cow age at calving (linear and quadratic). The adjusted mean weight at 120 days of age was 93.43 ± 19.78 kg, and for 205 days of age, it was 180.42 ± 26.58 kg. Animals born in the dry season had a higher average weight [kg] (219.57 vs. 211.78, 3.7% higher) and, consequently, had higher weights at 646 days of age. Estimates of direct heritabilities (h2a) ranged from 0.35 to 0.75 (high magnitudes), and maternal heritabilities (h2m) along the trajectory of low magnitudes ranged from 0.03 to 0.08, respectively. The use of random regression to evaluate beef animals allows for adjusting the growth curve and selecting the best animals to be the parents of future generations.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of slow, controlled breathing exercises (SCBE) on arterial pressure and autonomic cardiac modulation in hypertensive patients. 29 hypertensive patients were evaluation in two data collections (period between 1 to 3 days). In each evaluation, data were collected after 10 min of spontaneous breathing (between 12 and 20 breaths per minute – bpm) and 10 min of SCBE (12 bpm, in the rhythm of standardized verbal stimulus). The arterial pressure was evaluated by a multi-parameter monitor and the autonomic cardiac modulation by the rate variability technique. The SCBE reduced systolic arterial pressure (1st evaluation: -4.8 mmHg and 2nd evaluation: -4.3 mmHg), decreased sympathetic activity by 18% and modified autonomic modulation by about 50%. SCBE reduced both systolic arterial pressure and sympathetic activity and can be used in control arterial pressure of hypertensive patients.

The osseodensification (OD) technique differs from conventional milling for dental implant installation in that it preserves the prepared bone and compacts it toward the apex and lateral walls of the socket, resulting in bone compaction. By enabling autografting, bone expansion, and high implant insertion torques, OD has become an increasingly popular option. The aim of this clinical case report is to demonstrate the predictability of combining OD with guided bone and tissue regeneration (GBR/GTR) techniques for bone expansion in the maxilla with reduced thickness, while avoiding other reconstructive surgeries. The report presents the treatment of a 32-year-old female patient who had cosmetic concerns regarding the anterior maxillary region. The patient was using an adhesive prosthesis with pontic on tooth 13 fixed between teeth 12 and 14. After the case was planned, it was decided that bone expansion in the region would be performed using the OD technique. The implant installation (AR Torque, 3.5×11.5 mm, Conexão®) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) were done with the assistance of L-PRF (Stick Bone, associated with L-PRF membrane). Following the osseointegration period, a provisional resin crown was fabricated, and a collagen matrix membrane (Mucoderm®) was used to increase vestibular soft tissue volume and shape the patient’s gingival profile. After a period of 120 days, the final crown was created and observed for a span of 5 years. The results showed stability of the case along with maintaining its esthetic and satisfactory function. The use of the osseodensification technique coupled with a connective tissue graft substitute has been anticipated for a long time. It has proven to be an excellent alternative to autogenous grafts.

ABSTRACT The use of bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) has repercussions on cardiorespiratory outcomes. However, the literature still lacks analyses of the postoperative influence of BiPAP on the modulation of the autonomic nervous system after cardiac surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of BiPAP on peripheral oxygen saturation, vital signs, and autonomic balance during hospitalization after cardiac surgery. This randomized controlled trial evaluated 36 patients before and after surgery. The BiPAP group was treated in two 20-minute daily sessions of routine physical therapy since 18 hours after surgery until discharge. The control group received routine physical therapy during the same period. Our primary outcome was peripheral oxygen saturation. Secondary outcomes were vital signs and autonomic balance evaluated by heart rate variability. We observed that peripheral oxygen saturation and blood pressure were unaffected at hospital discharge. Both groups showed a similar increase in heart and respiratory rates. The BiPAP group showed a reduction of the low sympathetic frequency component in −27.1 n.u. (95% CI: −39 to −15.2), increase of high parasympathetic frequency in 27.1 n.u. (95% CI: 15.2 to 39), and an improvement to the LF/HF ratio in −2.5 (95% CI: −3.8 to −1.2), when compared to the control group. BiPAP attenuated sympathetic activity and improved vagal modulation and autonomic balance at hospital discharge. These findings evidence that BiPAP enables more efficient autonomic mechanisms during hospitalization after cardiac surgery.

Tricobezoar é uma formação de pelos ou cabelos com origem gastrointestinal decorrente da ingestão dos mesmos. Sua ocorrência é incomum em cães, o que pode indicar algum distúrbio de comportamento caso venha a se formar. O cão em questão apresentava o hábito de lamber o chão como forma de diminuir sua ansiedade, uma vez que passava a maior parte do tempo sozinho, sem distrações. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo mostrar a ocorrência de um tricobezoar gástrico em um cão e o tratamento que foi instituído. Ao exame clínico notou-se uma área com bastante rigidez na região epigástrica. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns da presença de tricobezoar são: vômito, anorexia, caquexia e caso não seja diagnosticado rapidamente pode levar ao rompimento gástrico e/ou intestinal. Com base nisso foi solicitado um exame ultrassonográfico o qual constatou-se alterações condizentes com corpo estranho gástrico. O animal foi encaminhado para laparotomia exploratória e ao se fazer a gastrotomia constatou-se a presença de um tricobezoar composto por cabelo humano. Por fim, este trabalho teve como conclusão que o transtorno de ansiedade apresentado pelo cachorro levou à formação do corpo estranho e que é necessária uma reeducação comportamental com enriquecimento de ambiente e passeios diários a fim de amenizar as chances de ocorrer uma reincidência do caso.

Simple Summary: The study aimed to estimate growth curves and genetic parameters for Nellore cattle using a random regression methodology. The dataset included 6974 calves raised in Pantanal, MS, Brazil, and 53,233 weight records, with at least four weighings per individual. The model considered direct and maternal genetic additive effects and maternal permanent environmental effects at random. Cubic orthogonal Legendre polynomials were used to fit the growth curve, with fixed effects of sex, year of birth, farm, calf birth month, and cow age at calving. The mean weights at 120 and 205 days were 93.43 kg and 180.42 kg, respectively. Animals born in the dry season had higher average weights, leading to higher weights at 646 days. Direct heritabilities ranged from 0.35 to 0.75, while maternal heritabilities were low (0.03 to 0.08). Random regression effectively adjusts growth curves and aids in selecting superior animals for breeding. The objective was to estimate the growth curves and genetic parameters using random regression methodology for Nellore cattle raised in Pantanal, MS, Brazil (6974 calves; n = 53,233 weights), with at least four weighings per individual. The model considered direct and maternal genetic additives and maternal permanent environmental effects at random. Orthogonal Legendre polynomials of cubic order were used to fit the growth curve. Analyses of variance were performed using the GLM procedure. The model used contained the fixed effects of sex, year of birth, farm, and the covariates calf birth month (linear and quadratic) and cow age at calving (linear and quadratic). The adjusted mean weight at 120 days of age was 93.43 ± 19.78 kg, and for 205 days of age, it was 180.42 ± 26.58 kg. Animals born in the dry season had a higher average weight [kg] (219.57 vs. 211.78, 3.7% higher) and, consequently, had higher weights at 646 days of age. Estimates of direct heritabilities (h2a) ranged from 0.35 to 0.75 (high magnitudes), and maternal heritabilities (h2m) along the trajectory of low magnitudes ranged from 0.03 to 0.08, respectively. The use of random regression to evaluate beef animals allows for adjusting the growth curve and selecting the best animals to be the parents of future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-time genomics through nanopore sequencing holds the promise of fast antibiotic resistance prediction directly in the clinical setting. However, concerns about the accuracy of genomics-based resistance predictions persist, particularly when compared to traditional, clinically established diagnostic methods. Here, we leverage the case of a multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection to demonstrate how real-time genomics can enhance the accuracy of antibiotic resistance profiling in complex infection scenarios. Our results show that unlike established diagnostics, nanopore sequencing data analysis can accurately detect low-abundance plasmid-mediated resistance, which often remains undetected by conventional methods. This capability has direct implications for clinical practice, where such "hidden" resistance profiles can critically influence treatment decisions. Consequently, the rapid, in situ application of real-time genomics holds significant promise for improving clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. This study on a multi-drug resistant infection case shows that real-time genomics can detect low-abundance plasmid-encoded resistance missed by established diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the salivary microbiome in healthy peri-implant sites and those with peri-implantitis.MethodsSaliva samples were collected from 21 participants with healthy peri-implant sites and 21 participants with peri-implantitis. The V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Ion Torrent PGM System (Ion 318™ Chip v2 400). The NGS analysis and composition of the salivary microbiome were determined by taxonomy assignment. Downstream bioinformatic analyses were performed in QIIME (v 1.9.1).ResultsClinical differences according to peri-implant condition status were found. Alpha diversity metrics revealed that the bacterial communities of participants with healthy peri-implant sites tended to have a richer microbial composition than individuals with peri-implantitis. In terms of beta diversity, bleeding on probing (BoP) may influence the microbial diversity. However, no clear partitioning was noted between the salivary microbiome of volunteers with healthy peri-implant sites or volunteers with peri-implantitis. The highest relative abundance of Stenotrophomonas, Enterococcus and Leuconostoc genus, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Prevotella copri, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Bacteroides stercoris bacterial species was found in participants with peri-implantitis when compared with those with healthy peri-implant sites.ConclusionDifferences in salivary microbiome composition were observed between patients with healthy peri-implant sites and those with peri-implantitis. BoP could affect the diversity (beta diversity) of the salivary microbiome.

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Background:The combined supplementation of vitamins C and E potentially can mitigate oxidative stress (OS) and accelerate recovery following exercise. However, there is little evidence and a lack of consensus on the effects of these vitamins for this purpose. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the effects of the combined supplementation of vitamins C and E in OS, inflammatory markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and musculoskeletal functionality following acute exercise. Methods: The search was carried out from inception until March 2021, on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SPORT Discus. We included placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of combined supplementation of vitamins C and E in OS, inflammatory markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and muscle strength following a single bout of exercise. Random-effect meta-analyses were used to compare pre to post-exercise mean changes in subjects who received supplementation with vitamins C and E or placebo versus controls. Data are presented as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Eighteen RCTs, accounting for data from 322 individuals, were included. The use of vitamins attenuated lipid peroxidation (SMD= −0.703; 95% CI= −1.035 to −0.372; p < 0.001), IL-6 (SMD= −0.576; 95%CI= −1.036 to −0.117; p = 0.014), and cortisol levels (SMD= −0.918; 95%CI= −1.475 to −0.361; p = 0.001) immediately, and creatine kinase levels 48 h following exercise (SMD= −0.991; 95%CI= −1.611 to −0.372; p = 0.002). Supplementing the combination of vitamins had no effects on protein carbonyls, reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, catalase, interleukin-1Ra, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, muscle soreness, and muscle strength. Conclusion: Prior supplementation of the combination of vitamins C and E attenuates OS (lipid peroxidation), the inflammatory response (interleukin-6), cortisol levels, and muscle damage (creatine kinase) following a session of exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]