Search

Tourism is a popular activity that allows individuals to escape their daily routines and explore new destinations for various reasons, including leisure, pleasure, or business. A recent study has proposed a unique mathematical concept called a q− Rung orthopair fuzzy hypersoft set (ROFHS) to enhance the formal representation of human thought processes and evaluate tourism carrying capacity. This approach can capture the imprecision and ambiguity often present in human perception. With the advanced mathematical tools in this field, the study has also incorporated the Einstein aggregation operator and score function into the ROFHS values to support multi-attribute decision-making algorithms. By implementing this technique, effective plans can be developed for social and economic development while avoiding detrimental effects such as overcrowding or environmental damage caused by tourism. A case study of selected tourism carrying capacity will demonstrate the proposed methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of tourism necessitates sustainable resource management and effective strategies to ensure sustainable development and minimize detrimental impacts on destinations. By synthesizing existing research, this article contributes to a holistic understanding of Tourism Carrying Capacity (TCC) and its various components, aiding policymakers, planners, and stakeholders in making informed decisions for sustainable development. This research reviews CC assessment methods and formulas, focusing on Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC), and Real Carrying Capacity (RCC). Moreover, this study delves into the evolving notion of limiting factors, examining how factors such as infrastructure, resource availability, socio-cultural aspects, and environmental resilience interact to determine carrying capacity thresholds in various research realms. By synthesizing existing methodologies and formulas, this research bridges the gap between theoretical frameworks and practical implementation, fostering sustainable tourism practices that preserve natural and cultural assets while fostering economic growth. This work further advances the existing formula for TCC calculation in complex systems by providing a fresh set of correction factors (Cf) and Management capacities (Mc) and providing all possible values for calculating space for the displacement(V/A) of tourists in different types of destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces an expanded Limit of Acceptable Change model, enhancing the traditional approach by incorporating various tourism scenarios and a broader range of indicators. This approach allows to gain a more comprehensive understanding and foresee the effects of diverse tourist profiles and intensities of use in Barcelona. It considers factors like motivation, origin, and accommodation type, and evaluates their effects on key sustainability indicators. The study reveals that significant shifts in tourism patterns are required to impact these indicators noticeably, emphasizing the need to consider both tourist numbers and typologies in sustainable tourism management. This approach equips destination planners with a valuable tool for strategic decision-making and long-term planning.

Tourism is an important economic sector and an enabler for a country's growth. The Dudhsagar waterfall located within the Mollem National Park, Goa, India is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Goa, India, with 35,000–50,000 domestic and international tourists visiting the waterfall annually. This study attempts to quantify the resource availability to support sustainable tourism of Dudhsagar waterfall for recreational use with consideration for its specific physical/natural, economic, and cultural settings. The study employs various principles, which include Boullon formula, Congestion/overcrowding principle, and ratio of local population to hosts to carry out the carrying capacity analysis. Further, this study presents a modified approach to carrying capacity analysis, where air quality, noise level, and the water quality is also considered to prescribe the optimal number of visitors the area can accommodate while maintaining visitors satisfaction and preventing negative impacts on the natural resources. Additionally, the impact indicators assessment was performed using the view and opinion of the stakeholders. The data used in this study are an outcome of a broad survey conducted among the people associated in both direct and indirect with the tourism sector at Dudhsagar fall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Navigating the intricate and ever-expanding globe poses greater challenges in decision-making due to the uncertain nature of the environment. This study aims to cope with the imprecisions and such challenges in decision-making due to the uncertain nature of the environment and extend the formal representation of the human mind in terms of the q-rung Orthopair fuzzy hypersoft set (q-ROFHSS). It provides a multi-parameterized mathematical framework that effectively expresses problems with multi-dimensional information within a dataset. Thus, the proposed theory accumulates the parametric structure of q-rung Orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFS) and hypersoft sets (HSS) under the Muirhead mean (MM) aggregation operator (AO), as the AO can deal with ambiguous and uncertain information. By establishing basic set-theoretic operations, we have presented some fundamental properties and basic operations using the q-rung Orthopair fuzzy hypersoft values (q-ROFHSV). To demonstrate its flexibility, the relationship between the proposed approach and existing state-of-the-art techniques has been defined. Further, the feasibility of the proposed approach has been showcased through a case study of tourism carrying capacity, as it is a widespread activity that allows people to escape from their daily routines and explore new destinations for various reasons, including leisure, pleasure, or business. By implementing the proposed approach, an effective plan can be developed for social and economic development while avoiding detrimental effects such as overcrowding or environmental damage caused by tourism.

For tourism development in areas where there are frequent problems with water shortage, it is important to assess water use potential from a geographic perspective. This study investigated the relationship between water use in the hotel sector and the amount of available water in Phuket for tourism carrying capacity assessment. Geographic information system (GIS) was applied to support spatial analysis. The studied hotels were in the size required to conduct an environmental impact assessment (EIA), totaling 178 hotels. There would be a total water use of 24,275 m3/day and 40,457 m3/day in the low and high seasons, respectively. In terms of annual water use, in the cases of lowest, normal, and highest possible consumption, there would be water consumption amounts of 8,860,021 m3/year, 11,303,606 m3/year, and 14,766,699 m3/year, respectively. From evaluating the capacity to support tourists in terms of water adequacy in Phuket Province, our results reveal that the amount of water in the province is insufficient to meet the needs of tourists. This is because the number of tourists coming to travel each year is ordinarily more than 10 million people, and there is a plan to accommodate 12 million tourists in 2023, but the amount of water that the province can procure is sufficient to support a maximum of not more than 8,986,600 tourists per year only if the water that EIA hotels store and produce themselves is included. This amount of water is still insufficient for the targeted number of tourists and other sectors, and the province's water demand is likely to increase. In this regard, Phuket should hastily prepare a plan and measures to increase the amount of available water within the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a number of years, heritage resources have suffered the negative effects of tourist pressure. Overtourism has been generating a wide-ranging debate on this issue. This work focuses on the strategies and measures adopted to address overtourism during the last 30 years at heritage attractions, which are much less studied than urban heritage centres. Specifically, it analyses measures relating to the management of site capacities based on the concept of tourist carrying capacity, using content analysis as a methodology. We have used the Alhambra in Granada as a case study as one of the most visited Spanish World Heritage Sites. The results obtained reflect a strong consensus on the need to introduce measures to restrict tourist activity, although these measures imply a great effort in terms of management and tend to be taken advantage of by some stakeholders for their own benefit. The extensive time frame of the measures adopted allows us to reflect on the possibilities and limitations of dealing with overtourism by using capacity management strategies and to extract useful conclusions for other heritage sites with similar problems.

Overtourism is appearing more and more often in large world-famous cities and in many rural regions, where the infrastructure capacity is insufficient for large numbers of visitors. In rural communities, this creates resistance to tourism, traffic congestion, or damage to nature. Therefore, destinations experiencing tourism growth must have a strategy to prevent and limit the harmful effects of overtourism. The article presents a methodology that first identifies manifestations of overtourism in a destination and then uses a standardized procedure to evaluate the usability of different types of strategies in a selected destination. This procedure should lead to the creation of a comprehensive plan guaranteeing the sustainable development of tourism in the destination. The use of the methodology is explained at 12 rural locations in the Czech Republic, which were selected concerning the diversity of manifestations of overtourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism carrying capacity remains pivotal for ensuring sustainable development within protected terrains, accentuating the balance between conservation, socio-economic benefits, and visitor satisfaction. This study delves into the intricate dimensions of this balance, focusing on the Katon-Karagay National Park (KKNP). Merging comprehensive empirical data accrued from fieldwork within the park, calculations surrounding recreational loads, and a synthesis of the relevant literature, the study designed a methodology. This included calculation techniques incorporating ecological and tourist social capacities, the psychocomfort approach, and an ongoing monitoring approach, supplemented by exclusive data from the park's administration. Key findings underscored the significance of an adaptive balance, revealing specific permissible recreational loads for different park zones. For instance, zones of quiet recreation evidenced up to 5 people/ha, while active recreation zones fluctuated between 20 and 100 people/ha. Monitoring evidenced critical environmental changes, shaping recommendations for effective tourism flow regulation, ensuring alignment with established norms and ecological preservation. The exploration substantiates the indispensability of a meticulously structured approach to ascertain tourism carrying capacity, emphasizing the harmony achievable between environmental sanctity and human pursuits. KKNP's empirical data serve as a paradigm, guiding sustainable tourism frameworks for similar ecologically sensitive regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a number of years, heritage resources have suffered the negative effects of tourist pressure. Overtourism has been generating a wide-ranging debate on this issue. This work focuses on the strategies and measures adopted to address overtourism during the last 30 years at heritage attractions, which are much less studied than urban heritage centres. Specifically, it analyses measures relating to the management of site capacities based on the concept of tourist carrying capacity, using content analysis as a methodology. We have used the Alhambra in Granada as a case study as one of the most visited Spanish World Heritage Sites. The results obtained reflect a strong consensus on the need to introduce measures to restrict tourist activity, although these measures imply a great effort in terms of management and tend to be taken advantage of by some stakeholders for their own benefit. The extensive time frame of the measures adopted allows us to reflect on the possibilities and limitations of dealing with overtourism by using capacity management strategies and to extract useful conclusions for other heritage sites with similar problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine tourism is one of the tourism sectors with significant potential for development in the province of Banten. However, the development of this sector must be carried out with consideration for the principles of sustainable development. In the context of marine tourism, the assessment of tourism carrying capacity becomes crucial as marine tourist attractions are prone to environmental damage and social issues. Tourism carrying capacity assessment (TCCA) is one approach that can be used to evaluate how many tourists visits a destination can handle without harming the environment or reducing the quality of the tourist experience. TCCA analysis is conducted by considering aspects such as economic facilities, socio-cultural, and ecological environment. This research aims to assess the tourism carrying capacity at Tanjung Lesung Tourism Special Economic Zone as part of sustainable marine tourism development, based on which supporting aspects need to be developed and to determine the coupling coordination among these three aspects. The aspect that needs development is the ecological environmental aspect with a performance level of 8.79%. Meanwhile, the lowest degree of coordination relationship among systems that needs improvement is the relationship between socio-cultural and ecological environmental aspects, with a degree value of 0.64899.

Copyright of Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi is the property of Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Sultan Ageng Titayasa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CienciaUAT is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tourism has become a dominant economic activity in coastal, historical, and mountainous locations. To address the negative impacts of mass tourist arrivals, this study presents an approach for promoting Sustainable Tourism Development in small, vulnerable destinations. Specifically, we focus on mitigating the adverse effects of short-stay tourism, which often leads to peak tourist densities and safety concerns. We propose a novel touristic trip design model, aiming to reduce peak tourist demand by optimizing scheduling in strategic destinations. This approach considers three critical aspects: maximizing tourist satisfaction, optimizing transport resource usage, and respecting maximum carrying capacities. Methodologically, we adopt a Network Flow Problem formulation solved using a Time Expanding Network. A Time Expanding Network provides a static representation of the network for each discrete time interval, ensuring travelers’ satisfaction and the overall duration of their visit. We conducted a case study in Liguria Region, Italy, comparing our model’s performance with an innovative heuristic approach. Results show the superiority of our approach in managing tourist flows and promoting sustainability. This research contributes valuable insights for achieving Sustainable Tourism Development in vulnerable touristic areas, assisting policymakers and stakeholders in making informed decisions for harmonizing tourism and environmental preservation.

The rapid development of the high-speed railway (HSR) network has significantly improved the tourism traffic conditions, which has led to a large increase in the number of tourists. This has posed a new challenge for the tourism carrying capacity (TCC) of tourist attractions along the HSR. The purpose of this paper is to measure the development level of TCC and HSR network, and to study the coupling and coordinated development relationship between TCC and HSR network. The development level of TCC and HSR network is calculated respectively. The coupling coordination model is used to study the coupling and coordinated relationship of provincial TCC and HSR network. The results show that this coupling coordination relationship has an overall upward trend. However, the degree of development of the TCC in different provinces and cities is uneven, and the development advantages and disadvantages of the TCC are also different. The development level of the HSR network in most provinces and cities in China is lower than the level of TCC, which indicates that further increasing the construction of the HSR network will have a better marginal effect for the development of the tourism industry in China. Therefore, it is extremely important for China’s provinces and cities, especially in key tourism areas, to promote the coordinated development of the HSR network capacity and TCC. At the same time, in the areas where the development level of HSR network is higher than the level of TCC, measures should be taken to increase the protection of tourism resources and the construction of tourism infrastructure, so as to avoid the destructive impact of the fast-growing number of tourists on the development of local tourism industry.

In this work, we propose a socioecological model to describe the effects of visiting tourists in biological attractive sites. We model conditioned interactions between the forest resources and the wildlife with the tourists. This allows us to describe the net benefits–costs rates that the species and their habitats receive from the interaction with tourists. We show that when a scenario of sustainable tourism exists, it is always at risk. This occurs because there is at least a component of the socioecological system that can go to zero when the initial conditions belong to the basin of attraction of a border equilibrium. However, a sustainable equilibrium can be reached when the initial conditions belong to the basin of attraction of a positive attractor. The analysis of the model shows that increasing the tourism carrying capacities can lead to different dynamical patterns. Sometimes, these patterns describe scenarios of unsustainable tourism. When this is the case, by decreasing the negative impact due to the nature and wildlife‐based tourism industry, a tourism sustainability can be reached. Among the scenarios of unsustainable tourism, there are scenarios without wildlife and/or tourists or without both; scenarios in which the ecological and the social variable show sustained oscillations, or scenarios with chaotic patterns for these variables. We show numerical solutions of the model to display different scenarios when the touristic carrying capacities are varied. Recommendations for Resource Managers: Sustainable tourism is possible if one proposes moderated values for the carrying capacities of the touristic site.The socioecological system is sustainable if the initial conditions belong to the basin of attraction of a positive attractor (a sustainable scenario). When this is not the case, an extinction scenario of the wildlife or a scenario without tourist or a scenario without wildlife and tourists occurs.An increase in the carrying capacity of the forest resources and the wildlife of the touristic site can lead to sustained oscillations. This undesirable scenario can be avoided if the tourists are more friendly with nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large increase in the number of tourists brings challenges to the tourist carrying capacity of tourist destinations. By constructing a tourism carrying capacity indicator system and a coupling coordination model, we calculate and compare the development of tourism carrying capacity and the coupling coordination between all first-class indicators of tourism carrying capacity for provinces and cities in China. We find that the tourism carrying capacity and the coupling coordination between all first-class indicators of tourism carrying capacity for provinces and cities in China both showed an upward trend from 2008 to 2017, but the development was not balanced. In coastal provinces, their development level was high although lately showing a downward trend. In the provinces of the northwest China, their development level is low, and their development speed is relatively slow. The provinces and cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the southwest China recorded the fastest growth rate. In addition, we found that the development of tourism carrying capacity is closely related to coupling coordination between all first-class indicators of tourism carrying capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is a large, ancient agricultural country, with a variety of agri-cultural heritage sites. The establishment of a tourism carrying capacity evaluation index system for agri-cultural heritage sites is of great importance for the conservation and sustainable development of agri-cultural heritage. In this study, a tourism carrying capacity evaluation index system was constructed according to the five levels of resource space carrying capacity, facility carrying capacity, social environment carrying capacity, ecological environment carrying capacity and socio-economic carrying capacity. This was carried out in Longxian Village, the core area of the Qingtian Rice-Fish Culture System in Zhejiang Province, China, the first one of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS）. The results show that the current tourism activities in Longxian Village are still within a reasonable range. According to the principle of wooden barrels, from a specific level, the resource space carrying capacity of Longxian Village is 413~723 persons per day. The carrying capacity of the facility is 300 persons per day, which is reflected in the relatively small number of accommodation facilities available, which in turn limits the number of tourists. The carrying capacity of the social environment is 2 947 persons per day, and the carrying capacity of the ecological environment is 4 800 persons per day. In terms of socio-economic carrying capacity, there is no limit to the village ′s own level of economic development. Overall, from the perspective of the tourism carrying capacity of Longxian Village, current tourism activity remains within the reasonable range, although the carrying capacity of the facilities is relatively low; however, this level has not become a restrictive factor, and can still support the development of local tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Turismo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Empresas Turísticas y Hoteleras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of tourism carrying capacity in the municipalities of Tolmin, Kobarid and Komen has shown that the infrastructural and economic carrying capacity is the most problematic, as most indicator limits are already exceeded in the summer season. The most favourable is the spatial-ecological carrying capacity, where none of the studied indicator limits were exceeded. The results of the carrying capacity assessment for tourism in these municipalities should not be used as a tool to restrict tourism development, but rather as expert recommendations to promote more sustainable tourism development. Infrastructure identified as deficient cannot be improved immediately. Improvements require large financial investments that municipalities are not able to ensure quickly. We need a tourism development strategy that, in addition to all the necessary improvements, comprehensively addresses the problems that municipalities face from overtourism, especially during the high season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the phenomenon of overtourism in Budapest from multiple perspectives, starting with an overview that uses information collected from news, media, and academic tourism literature. Further, the phenomenon of overtourism is addressed quantitatively using different indicators, including tourism density and intensity. According to these indicators, the center of Budapest (formed by districts I, V, VI, VII, VIII, and IX) has been strongly affected by the presence of tourists, while districts physically far from the center have been less affected. This fact suggests the heterogeneity of the city in terms of overtourism. The number one catalyst of the negative impacts of foreign visitors' behavior is party tourism ('ruin pub' tourism), which involves an unconventional use of the Hungarian capital. Finally, using an unconventional optimization method called fuzzy linear programming, we attempt to explore the challenging problem of identifying the optimal number of tourists for the city. The results of the study have important theoretical, methodological, and practical implications. On the theoretical side, we offer a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of overtourism in Budapest. Methodologically, the integrated approach in terms of data gathering and unconventional analytical methodologies (comprised of a case study analysis, the assessment of effective indicators for measuring the discussed phenomenon, and the demonstration of the sustainable number of visitors) represents a novel perspective about the extent of overtourism in Budapest. On the practical side, our findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers to help mitigate the problem of overtourism in the city. With regard to future research, we suggest extending and updating the results presented in this study to develop more sustainable tourism strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]