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Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) aims to categorize text data based on a structured label hierarchy, resulting in predicted labels forming a sub-hierarchy tree. The semantics of the text should align with the semantics of the labels in this sub-hierarchy. With the sub-hierarchy changing for each sample, the dynamic nature of text-label alignment poses challenges for existing methods, which typically process text and labels independently. To overcome this limitation, we propose a Text-Label Alignment (TLA) loss specifically designed to model the alignment between text and labels. We obtain a set of negative labels for a given text and its positive label set. By leveraging contrastive learning, the TLA loss pulls the text closer to its positive label and pushes it away from its negative label in the embedding space. This process aligns text representations with related labels while distancing them from unrelated ones. Building upon this framework, we introduce the Hierarchical Text-Label Alignment (HTLA) model, which leverages BERT as the text encoder and GPTrans as the graph encoder and integrates text-label embeddings to generate hierarchy-aware representations. Experimental results on benchmark datasets and comparison with existing baselines demonstrate the effectiveness of HTLA for HTC., Comment: Accepted in ECML-PKDD 2024 Research Track

With the rise of autonomous vehicles and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), ensuring reliable object detection in all weather conditions is crucial for safety and efficiency. Adverse weather like snow, rain, and fog presents major challenges for current detection systems, often resulting in failures and potential safety risks. This paper introduces a novel framework and pipeline designed to improve object detection under such conditions, focusing on traffic signal detection where traditional methods often fail due to domain shifts caused by adverse weather. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the limitations of existing techniques. Our proposed pipeline significantly enhances detection accuracy in snow, rain, and fog. Results show a 40.8% improvement in average IoU and F1 scores compared to naive fine-tuning and a 22.4% performance increase in domain shift scenarios, such as training on artificial snow and testing on rain images.

Legal documents are indispensable in every country for legal practices and serve as the primary source of information regarding previous cases and employed statutes. In today's world, with an increasing number of judicial cases, it is crucial to systematically categorize past cases into subgroups, which can then be utilized for upcoming cases and practices. Our primary focus in this endeavor was to annotate cases using topic modeling algorithms such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, and Bertopic for a collection of lengthy legal documents from India and the UK. This step is crucial for distinguishing the generated labels between the two countries, highlighting the differences in the types of cases that arise in each jurisdiction. Furthermore, an analysis of the timeline of cases from India was conducted to discern the evolution of dominant topics over the years.

This paper summarizes the Crowdsensing-based Road Damage Detection Challenge (CRDDC), a Big Data Cup organized as a part of the IEEE International Conference on Big Data'2022. The Big Data Cup challenges involve a released dataset and a well-defined problem with clear evaluation metrics. The challenges run on a data competition platform that maintains a real-time online evaluation system for the participants. In the presented case, the data constitute 47,420 road images collected from India, Japan, the Czech Republic, Norway, the United States, and China to propose methods for automatically detecting road damages in these countries. More than 60 teams from 19 countries registered for this competition. The submitted solutions were evaluated using five leaderboards based on performance for unseen test images from the aforementioned six countries. This paper encapsulates the top 11 solutions proposed by these teams. The best-performing model utilizes ensemble learning based on YOLO and Faster-RCNN series models to yield an F1 score of 76% for test data combined from all 6 countries. The paper concludes with a comparison of current and past challenges and provides direction for the future., Comment: 9 pages 2 figures 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.08740

The data article describes the Road Damage Dataset, RDD2022, which comprises 47,420 road images from six countries, Japan, India, the Czech Republic, Norway, the United States, and China. The images have been annotated with more than 55,000 instances of road damage. Four types of road damage, namely longitudinal cracks, transverse cracks, alligator cracks, and potholes, are captured in the dataset. The annotated dataset is envisioned for developing deep learning-based methods to detect and classify road damage automatically. The dataset has been released as a part of the Crowd sensing-based Road Damage Detection Challenge (CRDDC2022). The challenge CRDDC2022 invites researchers from across the globe to propose solutions for automatic road damage detection in multiple countries. The municipalities and road agencies may utilize the RDD2022 dataset, and the models trained using RDD2022 for low-cost automatic monitoring of road conditions. Further, computer vision and machine learning researchers may use the dataset to benchmark the performance of different algorithms for other image-based applications of the same type (classification, object detection, etc.)., Comment: 16 pages, 20 figures, IEEE BigData Cup - Crowdsensing-based Road damage detection challenge (CRDDC'2022)