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6. Experiencing Household Food Insecurity during Adolescence Predicts Disordered Eating and Elevated Body Mass Index Eight Years Later

Author

Hooper, Laura, Mason, Susan M., Telke, Susan, Larson, Nicole, and Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne

Subjects
Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Food Insecurity, Young Adult, Adolescent, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Article, Body Mass Index, Food Supply
Abstract

PURPOSE: Growing evidence indicates that experiencing household food insecurity during adolescence is associated with disordered eating and elevated body mass index (BMI). However, little is known about the temporal nature of these relationships. The current longitudinal study examined how adolescent experiences of household food insecurity are related to disordered eating and weight status eight years later. METHODS: A population-based sample of ethnically/racially and socioeconomically diverse participants (n=1340) were surveyed as adolescents (mean age=14.5 years) and as young adults (mean age=22.0 years). Parents/caregivers completed the six-item US Household Food Security Survey Module at baseline. RESULTS: Household food insecurity was common at baseline (37.8% of sample). In analyses adjusted for ethnicity/race and parental education, adolescent food insecurity longitudinally predicted a higher new onset of binge eating (food insecure: 21.3% versus food secure: 16.2%, p=0.038) and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) (food insecure: 15.9% versus food secure: 11.0%, p=0.024), but not unhealthy weight control behaviors in young adulthood. The majority of adolescents with unhealthy weight control behaviors and elevated BMI still had these problems in young adulthood, but persistence was not associated with adolescent household food insecurity for any outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this longitudinal study suggest that household food insecurity during adolescence is a risk factor for disordered eating and elevated BMI in young adulthood, highlighting a need to comprehensively address these intersecting problems.

Published
2022

7. The BLOODSAFE program: Building the future of access to safe blood in Sub‐Saharan Africa.

Author

Delaney, Meghan, Telke, Susan, Zou, Shimian, Williams, Makeda J., Aridi, Jackline O., Rudd, Kristina E., Puyana, Juan Carlos, Kumar, Pratap, Appiah, Bernard, Dei‐Adomakoh, Yvonne, Asamoah‐Akuoko, Lucy, Olayemi, Edeghonghon, Singogo, Emmanuel, Hosseinipour, Mina C., M'baya, Bridon, Chipeta, Effie, Reilly, Cavan, Kamu, Robert, Aridi, Jackline, and Munoz‐Valencia, Alejandro

Abstract

Background: The supply of blood in many low‐ and middle‐income nations in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) does not meet the patient care needs. Lack and delay of blood transfusion cause harm to patients and slow the rate of progress in other parts of the health system. Recognizing the power of implementation science, the BLOODSAFE Program was initiated which supports three SSA research study teams and one data coordinating center (DCC) with the goal to improve access to safe blood transfusion in SSA. Study Design and Methods: The study team in Ghana is focusing on studying and decreasing iron deficiency in blood donors and evaluating social engagement of blood donors through different approaches. The study team in Kenya is building a "vein to vein" workflow model to elucidate and devise strategies to overcome barriers to blood donation and improve infrastructural components of blood product production and use. The Malawi team is studying the infectious disease ramifications of blood donation as well as blood donor retention strategies aimed at blood donors who commence their donation career in secondary schools. Results and Discussion: Together the project teams and the DCC work as a consortium to support each other through a shared study protocol that will study donor motivations, outcomes, and adverse events across all three countries. The BLOODSAFE Program has the potential to lead to generalizable improvement approaches for increasing access to safe blood in SSA as well as mentoring and building the research capacity and careers of many investigators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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8. Impact of Iron Supplementation in Anemic Voluntary First-Time Blood Donors-Results of a Pilot Trial in Ghana

Author

Adomakoh, Yvonne Dei, Olayemi, Edeghonghon, Asamoah-Akuoko, Lucy, Appiah, Bernard, Telke, Susan, Segbefia, Catherine I., Tancred, Tara, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Benneh-Akwasi Kuma, Amma A., Yawson, Alfred Edwin, Ofori-Acquah, Solomon Fiifi, Adongo, Philip Baba, Ametorwo, Reena, Bates, Imelda, Reilly, Cavan, and Investigators, The BLOODSAFE

Abstract

Introduction:Blood transfusion is a major developmental challenge in sub-Saharan Africa due to chronic inadequacy and shortage of major blood products. In Ghana, deferral of potential blood donors has been identified as a significant challenge. Anemia, accounts for nearly half of ineligible blood donors. The estimated prevalence of anemia is 42.4% in women of reproductive age and 18.8% among peri-urban men ( Spring and Ghana Health service 2016). Thus, a high prevalence of anemia accounting for nearly half of voluntary blood donor deferrals, may contribute to the country's poor availability of safe blood for transfusion. No prior investigation had been carried out in Ghana on whether potential blood donors, deferred due to anemia, would consider donating blood after receiving counselling and appropriate treatment. This study tested the hypothesis that low-dose iron supplementation will increase hemoglobin levels sufficiently among anemic individuals to make them eligible to donate blood. Data from this trial informed the design of a larger randomized control type 1 pragmatic effectiveness implementation hybrid trial.

Published
2023
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