Search

AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionsA service-focussed placement model involves an innovative partnership between service and education providers to a) address service delivery needs and b) facilitate students’ competency development. Services are collaboratively redesigned such that students are positioned as collaborators in service delivery with their learning supported through evidence-informed educational design. This model was implemented in the hospital setting and was found to promote positive patient outcomes. Our study explored whether this model supports student learning.Students’ perception of learning was explored using a multiple-case study design with data collected from 22 semi-structured focus groups and interviews with 64 senior year allied health students (physiotherapy n = 55; occupational therapy n = 9) across six placement settings. Inductive thematic analysis identified aspects of this placement model that facilitated and challenged students’ learning.A service-focussed placement model provides a quality student learning experience. Students identified the need to be prepared for independent learning. This placement model promoted their professional development and sense of autonomy through engaging them in early, active learning within a safe learning environment.Students perceived that a service-focussed placement model equipped them for the ever-changing complexities and challenges of hospital services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study critically investigates the social economic predictors of parental involvement in rural schools in Kenya and its implications on teaching and learning. Education is a major foundation for socioeconomic growth and the provision of quality education. However, teaching and learning are affected by various socioeconomic factors that this study seeks to investigate. Among the social economic predictors, family size, household income level and parents' level of education were found to significantly influence teaching and learning outcomes in Kenya's rural schools. Large families with small household income face challenges in paying school-related levies; acquire learning and teaching materials, book for extra learning activities and support co-curricular activities for their children. The article also presents the policy implications of the study, particularly on issues related to family size and household income level in parents' level of education in rural school settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This review examines the historical developments, current state of training, existing challenges, and opportunities for undergraduate, postgraduate, and super specialty psychiatry education in India. Methods: For this narrative review, we examined information from the published literature, along with key documents from the Indian Psychiatric Society, the National Medical Commission, and other relevant sources. Conclusions: In India, psychiatry training has seen significant advancements since independence, particularly in the past decade, driven by the recommendations of the Indian Psychiatric Society and the introduction of competency-based medical education by the National Medical Commission. This transformation has redefined undergraduate and postgraduate training across all medical disciplines, including psychiatry. The shift has moved away from traditional, time-bound frameworks toward a focus on acquiring specific competencies essential for effective clinical practice. This approach ensures that trainees gain theoretical knowledge and develop practical skills and professional attitudes crucial for patient care. However, a major challenge highlighted in this review is the transition of senior residents to faculty roles without adequate training in teaching, research, academia, and leadership. Despite this, they are expected to excel in these areas upon assuming faculty positions. To address this gap, we emphasize the urgent need for a comprehensive faculty development program for early career faculty. Our proposed initiative aims to bridge these gaps and support the development of future leaders and educators in psychiatry. The recommendations outlined in this review seek to create a robust educational environment that will cultivate the next generation of psychiatrists in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant factor of clinicians' learning is based on their ability to effectively transfer acquired knowledge, skills, and attitudes from specialty-specific clinical courses to their working environment. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 anaesthesiologist trainees (i.e. residents) in four group and five individual interviews using SRL principles as sensitizing concepts. Data were collected and analyzed iteratively using thematic analysis. Advanced trainees are highly motivated to explore what they have learned in specialty-specific courses, but they often face several barriers in implementing their learning in the workplace environment. Four themes emerged from the interview data: 'Be ready to learn', "Take the 'take-home-messages' home', "Be ready to create your own opportunities', and "Face it, it's not entirely up to you'. Understanding the challenges regarding transferring knowledge from courses to the working environment is an important lesson for assisting trainees set their learning goals, monitor their progress, and re-evaluate their SRL processes. Even for advanced trainees, successfully transferring knowledge from specialty-specific courses often requires adequate commitment and support. Medical supervisors and other relevant stakeholders must be aware of their shared responsibility for creating individual environments that support opportunities for trainees to self-regulate their learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in finance education, focusing on student perceptions, emotional reactions, and educator experiences. Quantitative data were gathered using the Synthetic Index of Use of AI Tools (SIUAIT) instrument, administered over three semesters. The findings revealed that finance students perceived AI tools as essential for enhancing their learning experience. Notably, Financial Engineering students exhibited higher proficiency and more positive perceptions of AI tools compared to students in other disciplines, such as Engineering and Business. An observational study utilizing eye tracker technology and facial expression analysis highlighted the emotional dynamics between AI-enhanced and traditional lecture-based classes. Positive emotions, such as joy and surprise, were significantly more prevalent in AI-enhanced environments, contributing to a more engaging and emotionally positive learning experience. However, an increase in fear was also observed, which could be considered a negative activating emotion that, ultimately, still fostered learning. Semi-structured interviews with educators revealed both the opportunities and challenges of AI integration. Educators acknowledged AI’s benefits in enhancing pedagogy but expressed concerns about over-reliance and ethical implications. Thematic analysis identified key dimensions: knowledge, usage, and ethics in AI. The study concluded that AI tools could significantly transform finance education, offering enhanced learning experiences and better preparing students for future careers. However, a balanced approach, addressing ethical and psychological impacts, was essential to maximize benefits and minimize potential drawbacks. Future research should explore AI’s long-term effects and its correlation with academic performance.

This paper explored the level of Digital Literacy (DL) skills for learning among students in two selected public universities in Tanzania. Case study design was used to compare University of Dar es Salaam-UDSM and Sokoine University of Agriculture-SUA as two cases purposively selected. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a total of 646 students where 325 students were from UDSM and 321 from SUA. The collected data were analysed using a combination of qualitative and descriptive approaches. The findings show that, students in the selected universities have some deficiencies in digital literacy skills for learning. Further, a slight variation exists between students of different programmes, indicating that, all students are predisposed to similar conditions for DL skills acquisition. Gender-wise, the paper indicates a closing gender gap in terms of technology acceptance and DL skills between male and female students. Furthermore, students in lower classes manifested higher skills compared to majority in higher classes on certain DL dimensions, suggesting that, one’s advancement to higher academic year does not necessarily translate into increased DL skills. This article recommends the need for a systemic and coordinated support to promote skills that enable students’ learning with ICT tools and internet.

AbstractThe use of stenography writing has in the recent past been faced with challenges about how, where, and when it is appropriate to be used in the teaching and learning process. The main objective of the study is to determine whether stenography writing has any major impact on the writing ability of students and their academic performance. The study adopted a mixed method design, guided by survey questionnaires and WhatsApp focus group interviews. The study included 50 undergraduate students from 1st to final-year who visited an academic writing Centre between 2017 and 2019 and were selected through cluster sampling. The presentation of findings is descriptive in nature and was analysed using SPSS and thematic analysis. Findings reveal that stenography writing can easily corrupt the writing ability of students, as well as result in the misconception and misinterpretation of ideas. On a positive note, however, it can facilitate the teaching and learning process by easing the flow of communication and subsequently enhancing student learning outcomes.

What was the educational challenge?: Diminishing emphasis on pharmacology education in medical schools has resulted in a concerning lack of prescribing knowledge among physician graduates. These concerns mirror our graduates' expressed dissatisfaction with the structure and quality of pharmacology educational experiences over the past 5 years. What was the solution?: PharmaCORE, a web-based instructional dashboard, was developed as an interactive faculty development tool to enhance integration and instruction of pharmacology content in pre-clinical curriculum at a US medical school. How was the solution implemented?: PharmaCORE was introduced in Spring 2022 for instructors teaching pharmacology in the pre-clinical curriculum. Instructors used the dashboard to assess coverage of specific drug topics throughout the curriculum and to apply tailored, learner-centered teaching strategies to optimize learner engagement and comprehension. What lessons were learned that are relevant to a wider global audience?: The initial assessment indicated that the dashboard was user-friendly and positively influenced instructor awareness of pharmacology content and learner-centered teaching. This faculty development approach underscores the importance of skill-based mapping and maintaining learner-centered teaching standards to address other integrated subjects and broader curricular challenges. What are the next steps?: This study lays the foundation for the broader applicability of instructional dashboards in tracking and addressing curricular challenges across pharmacology and other science subjects. Future steps include more personalized feedback for instructors, creating a student-accessible version, and ongoing monitoring of maintenance measures like milestone exams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the 2023 pilot of a Pedagogical Partners project situated within the Centre for the Integration of Research, Teaching and Learning (CIRTL) at University College Cork (UCC). This project was intentionally designed to elevate and amplify student voices across diverse identities and perspectives with the goal of improving inclusive learning experiences and equity-minded teaching practices in higher education. Building on the literature on pedagogical partnerships and inclusive, equity-minded teaching, we share experience-informed insights from this pilot project at UCC. In this HEA/Path 4 funded initiative, undergraduate students selected for their rich array of intersectional identities were partnered with teaching staff interested in exploring how to make their teaching approaches more inclusive. The opportunity to focus on inclusive teaching practices informed by student observation, voice and Universal Design principles has proven to be highly generative and yielded enhanced learning experiences for all involved. Our explicitly equity-minded approach contributes to a growing focus of pedagogical partnership work, research and literature in recent years. As expected in any emergent practice, the supporting research for pedagogical partnerships focusing on inclusion and equity is sparse and there is need to add to this limited extant research. We respond by offering this exploratory case study and describing the design, structure, training and support strategies implemented in our pilot of this Pedagogical Partnership Project. It is our hope that sharing our experience will help others to pursue their own pedagogical partnerships aimed at elevating student voice to inform and enact inclusive educational approaches that enhance learning for all students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Italian Journal of Health Education, Sport & Inclusive Didactics is the property of Edizioni Universitarie Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractIn this guide we provide instructions and recommendations about creating and running escape rooms for healthcare education. In recent years there has been a growing interest in adopting escape rooms as an educational tool to be included in healthcare curricula, and we attempt to explain why and how these tools are fit for the particularities of this type of education. We first describe the steps that a design team will have to follow to create an educational escape room from scratch, from core characteristics like target audience and learning goals to actual puzzle design and testing. We then continue by providing recommendations to operators and lecturers about how to run such escape room as part of an overall teaching session that also includes a lecture, briefing, debriefing and evaluation. We finalise this guide by listing a set of tools for validating and evaluating these types of escape rooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the numerous calls for integrating quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) curricula into health professions education, there are limited examples of effective implementation for early learners. Typically, pre-clinical QIPS experiences involve lectures or lessons that are disconnected from the practice of medicine. Consequently, students often prioritize other content they consider more important. As a result, they may enter clinical settings without essential QIPS skills and struggle to incorporate these concepts into their early professional identity formation. In this paper, we present twelve tips aimed at assisting educators in developing QIPS education early in the curricula of health professions students. These tips address various key issues, including aligning incentives, providing longitudinal experiences, incorporating real-world care outcomes, optimizing learning environments, communicating successes, and continually enhancing education and care delivery processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Balint groups use case-based discussions to explore, reflect on, and enhance the clinician-patient relationship. They facilitate the development of empathy and reflective practice and reduce burnout. This study aimed to explore how the benefits of a traditional Balint group format can be accessed and optimised for medical students during a one-year pilot programme. Eight medical student Balint groups ran for six weeks during 2022–2023, with 90 students participating. Themes were identified from student feedback using qualitative content analysis. Group leaders kept reflective session notes and used these alongside student feedback to undertake a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis. Strengths of the programme were emotional containment, learning to reflect, and community identity. Weaknesses were themed as strange situations, dragging along, and facilitator as an object. Opportunities were identified in expanding the scope and sharpening focus. Psychological defences and the engagement dilemma threatened the future success of the Balint group programme. Medical student Balint groups provide a unique space to combine learning and emotional support with personal, professional and community development. However, the traditional Balint group format may need adapting to be widely accessible to undergraduate learners. Sustainably integrating Balint groups into the medical school curriculum requires ongoing engagement work at both an individual and organisational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coaching is rapidly evolving in clinical medicine, including for clinical skills (CS) learning. Yet a schema is needed for how to coach students in the many CS that are pivotal to the practice of medicine. These twelve tips aim to provide practical strategies for teachers and educators to coach students for CS learning. The tips cover many important aspects of CS coaching, including establishing a safe space, ways to prepare to coach, setting goals, guiding a coaching relationship, fostering coaching conversations, and in-person or virtual approaches. Together, the tips align as seven key steps of an overall coaching process. The twelve tips apply equally to coaching struggling students and all students seeking to improve CS and offer a guide for coaching at an individual or program level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed our interactions with the world, spawning complex apps and gadgets known as intelligent agents. ChatGPT, a chatbot hybrid of AI and human-computer interaction, converse with humans and have a wide range of possible uses. Chatbots have showed potential in the field of medical education and health sciences by aiding learning, offering feedback, and increasing metacognitive thinking among undergraduate and postgraduate students. OpenAI's ChatGPT, an advanced language model, has substantially enhanced chatbot capabilities. Chatbots are being used in the medical related field for teaching & learning, mental state categorisation, medication recommendation, health education and awareness. While chatbots have been well accepted by users, further study is needed to fully grasp their use in medical and healthcare settings. This study looked at 32 research on ChatGPT and chatbots in medical-related fields and medical education. Medical education, anatomy, vaccines, internal medicine, psychiatry, dentistry, nursing, and psychology were among the topics discussed in the articles. The study designs ranged from pilot studies to controlled experimental trials. The findings show the exponential growth and potential of ChatGPT and chatbots in healthcare and medical education, as well as the necessity for more research and development in this sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Professional competency of graduates of an institute reflects its teaching and learning environment (TLE). This study aimed to provide a preliminary assessment of the TLE at the College of Medicine at Majmaah University. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2019-20 academic year among students at the College. A validated scoring tool “the Experience of Teaching and Learning Questionnaire” (available at https://bit.ly/3sVBuEw ) was used. The mean score of each section and statement, the difference between the mean scores of different demographic groups, and correlations between sections were analysed. Results A total of 234 (72.2%) enrolled students participated in this survey, with a male-to-female ratio and a ratio of participants from basic to clinical years being 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Most participants reported a GPA of above 3/5. The overall mean score was 3.52/5 points. Section one “approaches to learning and studying” has the highest mean score (3.68), and no section scored a mean below three, though section three “demands made by the course” scored a borderline mean of 3.08. Students in clinical years had a significantly higher overall mean score compared to their counterparts (3.66 vs. 3.39, p

The Covid-19 pandemic brought the world to a grinding halt, adversely affecting almost every sector including the post school education and training (PSET) sector. The South African PSET sector is no exception. The academic enterprise was abruptly disrupted and led to a serious loss of teaching and learning time as the government passed new regulations discouraging movement and physical meetings of people. The state of disaster regulations and lockdown directives pronounced during March 2020 by the South African government presented an unprecedented way of operating since the formation of many higher education institutions (HEIs). This study assesses the state of e-learning before and after the first six weeks of lockdown regulations in two HEIs, using a theoretical framework of e-learning system readiness assessment and a participatory research approach. The study reveals a state of under-preparedness by HEIs to operate under the lockdown regulations, due to the adopted blended learning policy implementation gap. Based on these findings, the study concludes with an argument that the Covid-19 pandemic presented a great opportunity for HEIs not only to adopt e-learning at the policy level but also to adapt to the new e-learning methods and practices and thus prepare universities for times of uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Professional competency of graduates of an institute reflects its teaching and learning environment (TLE). This study aimed to provide a preliminary assessment of the TLE at the College of Medicine at Majmaah University. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2019-20 academic year among students at the College. A validated scoring tool "the Experience of Teaching and Learning Questionnaire" (available at https://bit.ly/3sVBuEw) was used. The mean score of each section and statement, the difference between the mean scores of different demographic groups, and correlations between sections were analysed. Results: A total of 234 (72.2%) enrolled students participated in this survey, with a male-to-female ratio and a ratio of participants from basic to clinical years being 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Most participants reported a GPA of above 3/5. The overall mean score was 3.52/5 points. Section one "approaches to learning and studying" has the highest mean score (3.68), and no section scored a mean below three, though section three "demands made by the course" scored a borderline mean of 3.08. Students in clinical years had a significantly higher overall mean score compared to their counterparts (3.66 vs. 3.39, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Students at the College had a positive perception of the TLE, but face challenges in coping with the demands of acquiring knowledge and subject-based skills, and in appreciating the TLE especially during basic science years, highlighting the need for an atmosphere that allows them to meet demands and develop greater appreciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Clinical teaching-learning is a context-bound phenomenon. One of the problems related to field of medical education research is the lack of sufficient attention to context-appropriate methodologies. The purpose of this qualitative inquiry is to explain and represent teaching-learning in the clinical education of general medicine in Iran using the three types of maps situational, social worlds/arenas, positional, in combination with discourse analysis. Methods In this study, the authors used the situational analysis approach as a postmodern version of grounded theory. The data collection was undertaken in three stages. In the first stage, a mini literature review was conducted to highlight a possible gap in applying situational analysis in medical education research and the development of this methodology. In the second stage, the latest and most up-to-date documents of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) of Iran, the general medicine curriculum, and related documents were analyzed. Finally, the remote semi-structured interviews (web-based and telephone) were undertaken in the third stage. Participants in this stage included expert clinical teachers, medical education specialists, and students. In this study, the notes and transcripts were analyzed for the emergence and categorization of sub-themes and themes, represented in three maps. Results Thirty-one participants were involved in the web-based interviews, while seven participants took part in the telephone interview. Based on this research, the teaching-learning situation in clinical education on general medicine in Iran was represented in three maps; situational, social worlds/arenas, and positional. In addition, the results showed, clinical education of general medicine in Iran in six positions (curriculum; culture, behavior and attitude; management and leadership; environment, space and time; financial; and technology) has serious problems and challenges. Finally, based on the horizontal axis of the positional map, recommendations were provided to develop and support effective clinical teaching. Conclusions The clinical learning environment is a complex and multi-layered social environment in which should be considered these numerous social layers, arenas, social worlds, and discourses while developing curricula and teaching.

Il Neorealismo propose riflessioni sociali, etico-politiche e soprattutto educative costruendo, attraverso l’opera cinematografica, una relazione diretta con l’Italia in crisi, bombardata, povera, disorientata del secondo dopoguerra. In particolare, Vittorio De Sica da regista seppe cogliere lo sguardo dei bambini, vittime tanto delle famiglie quanto delle comunità. L’articolo propone uno studio su come sia il cinema che, nello specifico, la lezione del Neorealismo possano essere funzionali al percorso professionalizzante dei futuri educatori mediante una indagine quali-quantitativa basata su una esperienza di formazione in ambito universitario rivolta a 200 studenti di L-19 nel secondo semestre del 2022. Questa introduzione all’analisi del film come dispositivo didattico nell’epoca attuale ha un approccio fenomenologico, propone una prima fase verso la formalizzazione del cinema come terzo pedagogico e come dispositivo per la didattica universitaria che possa avere una ricaduta sulla società contemporanea.

Stereotypes are oversimplified beliefs about groups of people. Social psychology concepts and theories describing ethnicity-related stereotypes are well reported in non-medical educational settings. In contrast, the full impact of stereotyping on medical students, and the extent to which they were represented in health professions education (HPE) is less well-described. Using the lens of social psychological theory, this review aimed to describe ethnicity-related stereotypes about medical students portrayed in HPE literature and the impacts of those stereotypes. A critical narrative approach was undertaken. Social psychology concepts and theories were used as a framework through which to review the impacts of ethnicity-related stereotypes on medical students as described in HPE literature. A database search of Ovid MEDLINE, JSTOR, Project Muse, and PsychINFO was conducted to identify both theoretical and empirical articles relating to this topic in the HPE literature. Data was synthesised using thematic analysis, giving particular care to appraise the evidence from perspectives in social psychology. In HPE, the experiences and impact of stereotyping on learners from minority ethnic groups was explained by social psychology concepts such as stereotype threat, stereotype reactance, attributional ambiguity, self-fulfilling prophecy, stereotype boost, stereotype lift, and stereotype masking. Stereotype boost and stereotype lift were particularly described among students who identified as White, whereas stereotype threat was described more commonly among students from minority ethnics groups. The impact of stereotyping is not just on assessment, but may be across all teaching and learning activities at medical school. Social psychology concepts and theories can be used to describe the experience and impact of ethnicity-related stereotypes in HPE. Educators can better support learners from minority ethnic groups by self-reflecting over assumptions about individuals from minority ethnic groups, as well as minimise the impact of stereotyping and bias to create more inclusive learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education promotes personal growth and fulfilment, as well as inspiring individuals to maximise their mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual abilities. Because education leads to economic and social advancement, a country's education strategy at the school and college levels must be well defined and futuristic. To make it effective, many countries use distinct education systems that take into account tradition and culture and adopt different stages of their life cycle at the school and college education levels (Aithal,S.2020). If subsequent governments can stay committed to the recently issued National Education Policy, it lays forth an encouragingly hopeful vision for the future. After considerable deliberation and two committees since 2014, the Ministry of Human Resource Development announced the New Education Policy. On July 31, 2020, the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD) issued the New Education Policy. Although the strategy has many beneficial aspects, the government's major problem is widespread implementation and achieving the desired learning results. The different changes from school to college level will be discussed in this paper as a result of the adoption of National Education Policy 2020. This study will also look at new platforms and strategies for instructors, which are part of the NEP 2020 goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical teaching-learning is a context-bound phenomenon. One of the problems related to field of medical education research is the lack of sufficient attention to context-appropriate methodologies. The purpose of this qualitative inquiry is to explain and represent teaching-learning in the clinical education of general medicine in Iran using the three types of maps situational, social worlds/arenas, positional, in combination with discourse analysis. Methods: In this study, the authors used the situational analysis approach as a postmodern version of grounded theory. The data collection was undertaken in three stages. In the first stage, a mini literature review was conducted to highlight a possible gap in applying situational analysis in medical education research and the development of this methodology. In the second stage, the latest and most up-to-date documents of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) of Iran, the general medicine curriculum, and related documents were analyzed. Finally, the remote semi-structured interviews (web-based and telephone) were undertaken in the third stage. Participants in this stage included expert clinical teachers, medical education specialists, and students. In this study, the notes and transcripts were analyzed for the emergence and categorization of sub-themes and themes, represented in three maps. Results: Thirty-one participants were involved in the web-based interviews, while seven participants took part in the telephone interview. Based on this research, the teaching-learning situation in clinical education on general medicine in Iran was represented in three maps; situational, social worlds/arenas, and positional. In addition, the results showed, clinical education of general medicine in Iran in six positions (curriculum; culture, behavior and attitude; management and leadership; environment, space and time; financial; and technology) has serious problems and challenges. Finally, based on the horizontal axis of the positional map, recommendations were provided to develop and support effective clinical teaching. Conclusions: The clinical learning environment is a complex and multi-layered social environment in which should be considered these numerous social layers, arenas, social worlds, and discourses while developing curricula and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated a transition from lecture-based classes to blended and online learning, increasing the need to integrate publicly available online educational videos. Although online videos are widely available, it is challenging for educators to effectively integrate them into a curriculum. Years before the pandemic, educators from different institutions integrated videos from a library of microbiology and immunology resources into different curricula. Their experiences may inform current educators on the approach to incorporating external resources into their unique curricula. Methods: We interviewed US health professions instructors or course directors who had previously requested access to online microbiology and immunology videos. Using thematic analysis, we organized prominent themes into an existing framework for curriculum development. We then reflected on the meaning of the themes using the same conceptual framework. Results: We found that educators from different schools were able to integrate the same publicly available videos into varying contexts. Most used them as preparation for interactive sessions. For integrating videos, educators felt success when the following actions occurred. 1) Educators integrated videos as a tool to enhance active-learning activities. 2) Educators created activities that focused on clinical applications of knowledge, taught critical thinking, and developed enthusiasm for the subject. 3) They tested students on knowledge application and major concepts rather than solely on content for high-stakes exams. 4) Educators worked with administrators who understood the goals of integrating external videos and supported educators with time and resources to develop effective blended learning. Conclusion: Our study suggests that educators integrating external resources into their curricula may benefit from first establishing their goals and aspirations for their students. These goals then become the anchor for other curricular elements, including external videos, in-class activities, and assessments. Our study highlights the need for dedicated time to develop experienced and enthusiastic educators.

This study shows how HE teachers (particularly, business management and vocational studies) experience the teaching of critical thinking to foster student development of critical thinking skills (CTS) while working across diverse international contexts. Using a qualitative online survey and interview methodologies, we obtained rich information from 55 participants from 26 countries in the Global South including HE teachers who incorporate CTS into their teaching practices and those who had studied and briefly taught in developed countries' universities where CT is embedded into the HE learning with an understanding of the subject under study. Focusing on three dominant themes from the thematic analysis, we analyze three key approaches that HE teachers can adopt to enhance students' development of CTS which include: teaching strategies, active learning, setting problem or inquiry. Also, we discuss the perceived challenges that HE teachers may experience in the course of promoting teaching for CTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Techno-pedagogical skills are approaches to make great education accessible and reasonable for all. To provide connectivity, relevant material, and low-cost computer devices to all teaching and learning groups in the country was underlined in the National Curriculum Framework (2005). Constructing multi-graded education requires this hybrid expertise. The level of educational attainment in the twentyfirst century will be higher than it was in the twentieth because of these developments and expansions. To prepare students for the challenges of the 21st century and to help them succeed in their future endeavors, teachers must incorporate technology into their classrooms. The future educational environment will necessitate the acquisition of general and specialized knowledge and skills by teachers if they are to remain relevant and successful. One need to implement innovative techno-pedagogical skills by improving infrastructure, improving English language proficiency and online content knowledge, resolving teacher shortages, increasing teacher incentives, increasing awareness of existing techno pedagogical services, using licensed software, enhancing departmental coordination, and reducing frequent power outages and fluctuations in electricity. Assisting in eliminating the barriers that occur in the process of instruction at all levels of school, technology has a tangible impact on education. Thus, it has made teaching easier, and learning more fun. Assisting teachers in their professional development and meeting the diverse requirements of all types of learners, technology can help foster universal access to education. In this aspect, technology's impact on teaching and learning is immense. To teach today's students, teachers must recognize the value of integrating technology with pedagogy. However, integrating technology and pedagogy successfully provides numerous benefits for classroom teachers. In order to transform pupils into productive citizens, teachers must overcome these obstacles and strengthen their techno pedagogical talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overwhelming stress or burnout has been observed in medical students, including 69% of surgical interns. This study aimed to assess the stress levels of fifth-year medical students during surgical training. An education curriculum with both clinical and research sessions was evaluated for its effect on the interns' stress and grit levels. A blinded, prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an educational program on the recognition and management of stress. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess anxiety. The Grit Scale was used to quantify the interns' grit, conscientiousness, and self-control. The STAI survey results showed that the STAI state scores but not the trait scores were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the postintervention STAI score and the change in the STAI score were both lower in the intervention group (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in grit among the medical students in the intervention group from baseline to post-intervention (p < 0.001). The scores of the consistency and perseverance subscales of the Grit Scale also increased significantly from baseline to post-intervention (both p < 0.001). The education curriculum can improve interns' stress management and grit levels. We believe this curriculum needs to be implemented in medical education, and we plan to continue the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For this AMEE Guide, we explore the process and application of an evolved tool known as the audio diary. Diaries are a type of qualitative method that has long been advocated for in healthcare education practice and research. However, this tool has been typically underestimated as an approach to capturing how individuals' experiences change over time. In particular, this longitudinal method can nurture a stronger partnership between the researcher and participant, which can empower participants to share their reflections as they make sense of their identities and experiences. There is a wider issue concerning how to use and implement audio diaries in medical education research, this guide outlines a foundational process by which all levels of researchers can use to ensure the purpose, application and use of the audio diary tool is done with quality, rigour and ethics in mind. The processes presented are not a prescriptive approach to utilising audio diaries as a longitudinal method. This AMEE Guide serves as an opportunity for researchers and educators to consult this resource in making decisions to decide whether the audio diary tool is fit for their research and/or educational purpose and how audio diaries can be implemented in health profession education projects. This guide discusses and addresses some of the ethical, operational and contextual considerations that can arise from using audio diaries as a tool for longitudinal data collection, critical reflection, or understanding professionalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated a transition from lecture-based classes to blended and online learning, increasing the need to integrate publicly available online educational videos. Although online videos are widely available, it is challenging for educators to effectively integrate them into a curriculum. Years before the pandemic, educators from different institutions integrated videos from a library of microbiology and immunology resources into different curricula. Their experiences may inform current educators on the approach to incorporating external resources into their unique curricula. Methods: We interviewed US health professions instructors or course directors who had previously requested access to online microbiology and immunology videos. Using thematic analysis, we organized prominent themes into an existing framework for curriculum development. We then reflected on the meaning of the themes using the same conceptual framework. Results: We found that educators from different schools were able to integrate the same publicly available videos into varying contexts. Most used them as preparation for interactive sessions. For integrating videos, educators felt success when the following actions occurred. 1) Educators integrated videos as a tool to enhance active-learning activities. 2) Educators created activities that focused on clinical applications of knowledge, taught critical thinking, and developed enthusiasm for the subject. 3) They tested students on knowledge application and major concepts rather than solely on content for high-stakes exams. 4) Educators worked with administrators who understood the goals of integrating external videos and supported educators with time and resources to develop effective blended learning. Conclusion: Our study suggests that educators integrating external resources into their curricula may benefit from first establishing their goals and aspirations for their students. These goals then become the anchor for other curricular elements, including external videos, in-class activities, and assessments. Our study highlights the need for dedicated time to develop experienced and enthusiastic educators., (Copyright: © 2022 Aluri K et al.)