13 results on '"Taubman, Sarah"'
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2. Impacts of Public Health Insurance on Occupational Upgrading.
- Author
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Farooq, Ammar and Kugler, Adriana
- Subjects
HEALTH insurance ,MEDICAID eligibility ,PUBLIC health ,WORKING parents ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,FINANCIAL planning ,WEBINARS - Abstract
Using data from the Current Population Survey's Merged Outgoing Rotation Groups, the authors examine whether greater Medicaid generosity encourages people to switch toward better quality occupations. Exploiting variation in Medicaid eligibility expansions for children across states during the 1990s and early 2000s, they find that a one standard deviation increase in Medicaid infant income thresholds increased the likelihood that working parents move to a new occupation by 1.6 percentage points or 3.3%. Findings show that these effects are larger for those below 150% of the poverty line and for married parents who were not benefiting from Medicaid prior to the expansions. In addition, findings indicate that Medicaid generosity also increased mobility toward occupations with higher average wages and higher educational requirements. This article contributes to the literature on job lock by showing that access to public health insurance not only increases employment and job switches but also encourages occupational upgrading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Encouraging Preventative Care to Manage Chronic Disease at Scale.
- Author
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Boone, Claire E., Celhay, Pablo A., Gertler, Paul, and Gracner, Tadeja
- Published
- 2023
4. Reconciling Seemingly Contradictory Results from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment and the Massachusetts Health Reform.
- Author
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Kowalski, Amanda E.
- Subjects
HEALTH care reform ,HEALTH insurance ,HOSPITAL emergency services - Abstract
A headline result from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment is that emergency room (ER) utilization increased. A seemingly contradictory result from the Massachusetts health reform is that ER utilization decreased. I reconcile both results by identifying treatment effect heterogeneity within the Oregon experiment and extrapolating it to Massachusetts. Even though Oregon compliers increased their ER utilization, they were adversely selected relative to Oregon never takers, who would have decreased their ER utilization. Massachusetts expanded coverage from a higher level to healthier compliers. Therefore, Massachusetts compliers are comparable to a subset of Oregon never takers, which can reconcile the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. COGNITIVE DECLINE AND DYNAMIC SELECTION.
- Author
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Darden, Michael E.
- Published
- 2022
6. How Do Medicaid Expansions Affect the Demand for Healthcare Workers? Evidence from Vacancy Postings.
- Author
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Dillender, Marcus
- Subjects
MEDICAL personnel ,JOB vacancies ,MEDICAID eligibility ,MEDICAID ,JOB postings - Abstract
This study evaluates how healthcare employers' staffing decisions and labor demand respond to increased Medicaid eligibility using a database of more than 14 million job vacancies for healthcare workers. The results indicate that increased Medicaid eligibility leads to healthcare employers posting more job vacancies and hiring additional healthcare workers. Healthcare employers that typically hire lower-skilled workers appear to be the most responsive to Medicaid expansions. These results imply that there are providers that respond to Medicaid patients' needs but also highlight issues arising from Medicaid's low reimbursement rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. An Exponential Endogenous Switching Regression with Correlated Random Coefficients.
- Author
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Keay, Myoung-Jin
- Subjects
MONTE Carlo method ,BOTTLENECKS (Manufacturing) ,STRUCTURAL models ,HEALTH insurance ,TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
This paper presents a method for estimating the average treatment effects (ATE) of an exponential endogenous switching model where the coefficients of covariates in the structural equation are random and correlated with the binary treatment variable. The estimating equations are derived under some mild identifying assumptions. We find that the ATE is identified, although each coefficient in the structural model may not be. Tests assessing the endogeneity of treatment and for model selection are provided. Monte Carlo simulations show that, in large samples, the proposed estimator has a smaller bias and a larger variance than the methods that do not take the random coefficients into account. This is applied to health insurance data of Oregon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Federal Regulation and Mortality in the 50 States.
- Author
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Broughel, James and Chambers, Dustin
- Subjects
FEDERAL regulation ,PANEL analysis ,COUNTERPRODUCTIVITY (Labor) ,MORTALITY ,RISK assessment ,STATE regulation - Abstract
Previous research speculates that some regulations are counterproductive in the sense that they increase (rather than decrease) mortality risk. However, few empirical studies have measured the extent to which this phenomenon holds across the regulatory system as a whole. Using a novel U.S. state panel data set spanning the period 2000–2014, we estimate the effect of U.S. federal regulation on state‐level mortality. We find that a 1% increase in federal regulation of state economies is associated with an increase in an index of state mortality of between 0.53% and 1.35%. These findings are robust to the form of mortality measure, choice of covariates, and the inclusion/exclusion of various regions, states, and industries. We also provide an update of the "cost‐per‐life saved cutoff," which is the counterproductive risk threshold for expenditures. We find that expenditures in excess of $38.6 million (2019 dollars) per life saved can be expected to increase mortality risk. This article fills an important gap in the empirical literature and boosts the credibility of mortality risk analysis, whereby public policymakers weigh both the expected lives saved and lost due to a proposed regulation or other policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Federal Regulation and Mortality in the 50 States.
- Author
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Broughel J and Chambers D
- Subjects
- Risk Assessment, United States, Mortality
- Abstract
Previous research speculates that some regulations are counterproductive in the sense that they increase (rather than decrease) mortality risk. However, few empirical studies have measured the extent to which this phenomenon holds across the regulatory system as a whole. Using a novel U.S. state panel data set spanning the period 2000-2014, we estimate the effect of U.S. federal regulation on state-level mortality. We find that a 1% increase in federal regulation of state economies is associated with an increase in an index of state mortality of between 0.53% and 1.35%. These findings are robust to the form of mortality measure, choice of covariates, and the inclusion/exclusion of various regions, states, and industries. We also provide an update of the "cost-per-life saved cutoff," which is the counterproductive risk threshold for expenditures. We find that expenditures in excess of $38.6 million (2019 dollars) per life saved can be expected to increase mortality risk. This article fills an important gap in the empirical literature and boosts the credibility of mortality risk analysis, whereby public policymakers weigh both the expected lives saved and lost due to a proposed regulation or other policy., (© 2021 Society for Risk Analysis.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The Economics of Health and Health Care
- Author
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Sherman Folland, Allen C. Goodman, Miron Stano, Shooshan Danagoulian, Sherman Folland, Allen C. Goodman, Miron Stano, and Shooshan Danagoulian
- Subjects
- Medical economics
- Abstract
The Economics of Health and Health Care is the market-leading health economics textbook, providing comprehensive coverage of all the key topics, and balancing economic theory, empirical evidence, and public policy.The ninth edition offers updated material throughout, including two new chapters: Disparities in Health and Health Care (Chapter 7) examines issues of race, ethnicity, income, gender, and geography with respect to health care access, health inputs, and health outcomes; Pandemic Economics (Chapter 9) introduces a new and simplified economic treatment of epidemics and pandemics within the context of COVID-19. We also include applications from the growing literature on digital medicine. The book further highlights the impacts of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and updates its path-breaking comparative analyses across countries to focus on the differences in access and costs.The book continues to provide a clear, step-by-step understanding of health economics, making economic principles accessible to students, supported by boxed examples, figures and tables. Each chapter contains concise summaries, discussion questions, and quantitative exercises to promote student learning. There is also a glossary of key terms and an extensive reference list. Instructors are supported by a range of digital supplements. It is the perfect textbook for students and practitioners taking undergraduate and postgraduate courses in health economics, health policy, and public health.
- Published
- 2024
11. The Journey's End : An Investigation of Death and Dying In Modern America
- Author
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Michael D Connelly and Michael D Connelly
- Subjects
- Death--Social aspects, Terminal care, Hospice care
- Abstract
In the tradition of Atul Gawande's Being Mortal, this compassionate work helps individuals develop a more accepting view of dying while teaching them what to expect and how to navigate the healthcare system at the end of life.In elderhood, the health care system has a narrow view of how to provide care. It focuses on extending a patient's life at all costs, with an over-reliance on machines and procedures, instead of caring holistically for the person. Accordingly, many of us will likely spend our final weeks in long-term care facilities or an ICU. Dying at home, peacefully, and surrounded by family is almost impossible in our world--and our fear of death is a major contributor to this impossibility. Fittingly, the central idea of this book is that in old age, or when facing a terminal diagnosis, it is more important to understand your life rather than to extend it. While this may seem simple, its implications are profound.A natural death means accepting that, at some point, we are old enough or sick enough to die. In our cynical and overly clinical age, it is difficult to reflect on the meaning of one's life, but that kind of honest introspection is exactly what we need. Accordingly, The Journey's End seeks to help people manage their healthcare, their expectations, and their decisions in the final phase of life.
- Published
- 2023
12. Changing the Game : William G. Bowen and the Challenges of American Higher Education
- Author
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Nancy Weiss Malkiel and Nancy Weiss Malkiel
- Subjects
- Education, Higher--United States--History--20th century, Endowments--Officials and employees--Biography, College presidents--United States--Biography
- Abstract
How a visionary university and foundation president tackled some of the thorniest problems facing higher educationAs provost and then president of Princeton University, William G. Bowen (1933–2016) took on the biggest and most complex challenges confronting higher education: cost disease, inclusion, affirmative action, college access, and college completion. Later, as president of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, he took his vision for higher education—and the strategies for accomplishing that vision—to a larger arena. Along the way, he wrote a series of influential books, including the widely read The Shape of the River (coauthored with Derek Bok), which documented the success of policies designed to increase racial diversity at elite institutions. In Changing the Game, drawing on deep archival research and hundreds of interviews, Nancy Weiss Malkiel argues that Bowen was the most consequential higher education leader of his generation.Bowen, who became Princeton's president in 1972 at the age of 38, worked to shore up the university's financial stability, implement coeducation, and create a more inclusive institution. Breaking through the traditional Ivy League demographics of white, Protestant, and male, he embraced equal access in admissions for women and men and actively sought to enroll Black, Hispanic, and Asian American students. To “increase the intellectual muscle of the faculty,” he used targeted recruiting and enforced higher scholarly standards. In 1988, Bowen moved on to Mellon, where, among many other accomplishments, he developed digital research tools, most notably JSTOR, and promoted racial diversity through the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship. Attacking problems with tenacity, insight, and deep knowledge, Bowen showed the world of higher education how a visionary leader can transform an institution.
- Published
- 2023
13. Uninsured in Chicago : How the Social Safety Net Leaves Latinos Behind
- Author
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Robert Vargas and Robert Vargas
- Subjects
- Health insurance--Illinois--Chicago--Case studies, Medical care--Illinois--Chicago--Case studies, Hispanic Americans--Medical care--Illinois--Chicago--Case studies, Hispanic Americans--Health and hygiene--Illinois--Chicago--Case studies
- Abstract
Why millions of Latinx people don't access the healthcare system, even in times of needMore than a decade after the passage of the Affordable Care Act, around eleven million Latinx citizens around the country remain uninsured. In Uninsured in Chicago, Robert Vargas explores the roots of this crisis, showing us why, despite their eligibility, Latinx people are the racial group least likely to enroll in health insurance. Following the lives of forty uninsured Latinx people in Chicago, Vargas provides an up-close look at America's broken healthcare system, and how it impacts marginalized groups. From excruciatingly long waits and expensive medical bills, to humiliating interactions with health navigators and emergency room staff, he shows us why millions of Latinx people avoid the healthcare system, even in times of need. With a compassionate eye, Vargas highlights the unique struggles Latinx people face as the largest racial group without health insurance in the United States. An intimate account of the lives of uninsured Latinos, this book imagines new, powerful ways to strengthen our social safety net to better serve our most vulnerable communities.
- Published
- 2022
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