The purpose of the symposium proposed by Fernando Lima and Fernando Duarte is to discuss safety culture, the contribution of ergonomics in this area and new approaches to the prevention of technological risks. This paper first presents Ineris interdisciplinary programmatic framework on this issue, between empiricism and conceptualisation, between "theory for" and "theory of", between intervention and case study, between Anglophone and Francophone traditions, etc. In this research panorama, ergonomics is situated and discussed regarding its contributions and links with the theme of safety culture. Then, a categorisation of recent developments on the concept of safety culture is introduced, it distinguishes the critical, neutral, conditional and enthusiastic points of view. The place of ergonomics in this categorisation is mentioned. Finally, multilevel perspectives are shortly introduced and ergonomics positioned in these orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]