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To determine the influence of mucin on the intestinal digestion and release of proanthocyanidins derived from persimmon, the physicochemical characteristics of persimmon proanthocyanidins-mucin complexes and the interaction mechanisms between persimmon proanthocyanidins and mucin were analyzed using laser particle size analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Results indicated that the particle size and absolute ζ-potential of the complexes were positively correlated with the concentrations of persimmon proanthocyanidins and their structural units (epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate). The introduction of phenolic hydroxyl groups from persimmon proanthocyanidins decreased the thermal stability and surface hydrophobicity of mucin with an increase in persimmon proanthocyanidins concentration. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that hydrogen bonding and free amino groups participated in the reaction between mucin and persimmon proanthocyanidins. It was also found that persimmon proanthocyanidins and their structural units effectively quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of mucin, with static quenching being the dominant mechanism. Thermodynamic parameter values obtained using the Van’t Hoff equation were ∆G

The effects of different proportion of talmi flour added into whole wheat flour on the rheological properties and texture tensile properties of dough were studied, so as the optimal addition amount of talmi flour was determined. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of sensory characteristics and cooking loss rate as indexes, the optimal blending process of talmi quick-frozen cooked ramen was determined by single factor and orthogonal experiment; drosophila type 2 diabetes mellitus model induced by high glucose and high lipid was established in experimental animals, the effects of talmi quick-frozen cooked ramen on glucose and lipid metabolism of drosophila melanogaster model were analyzed with the contents of total protein, triglyceride and trehalose as the indexes. The results showed that the optimal addition amount of talmi flour was 15%, and the toughness of dough was the best and the elasticity was the maximum. The optimal processing formula of quick-frozen cooked talmi ramen was as follows: 40 ℃ temperature, 20 min standing time, 3 min blending time and 54% water, under these conditions, the comprehensive score was 80.14, the sensory score of talmi quick-frozen cooked ramen was 89 and the cooking loss rate was 0.398; talmi quick-frozen cooked ramen could significantly reduce the contents of triglyceride and trehalose of Drosophila type II diabetes mellitus model induced by high sugar and high fat(P

Background: Oxidative stress is one of the pivotal pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Orientin, a compound extracted from plants, has been previously reported to have antioxidant activity that was exploited in various diseases. The objective of this study was to focus on the potential therapeutic effects of orientin on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced Hypoxia Reoxygenation (HR) injury in BV-2 microglial cells and to explore the possible mechanisms. Materials and Methods: The optimum protective condition of orientin on BV-2 microglial cells after HR injury was evaluated by the viability of cells measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Afterwards, functions of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) as well as the content of Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-PX) were measured by corresponding kits. Activation of Nrf2 pathway was assayed by western blotting. Results: Our study demonstrates that the viability of HR injured BV-2 microglial cells was improved significantly after incubation with orientin (40~100 µg/mL) for 8 hr. Furthermore, orientin was found to increase the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein in BV-2 microglial cells and was shown to promote antioxidant enzyme activities and enhance the expression of HO-1 and NQO1. Conclusion: Taken together, Results of our study indicate that orientin protect BV-2 microglial cells against HR injury induced by CoCl2, and this protection is associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]