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In May 1988 the World Health Assembly set to World Health Organization (WHO) the goal to achieve a global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. Surveillance of the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) remains the ‘gold standard’ for the detection of polio. The criterion of sensitivity of the surveillance system is the incidence from non-polio related AFP, in children under 15 years of age. The aim is to detect more than 1 case of AFP, per 100,000 children. In 2019, WHO announced the eradication of wild poliovirus 3, and poliovirus 2 was eradicated in 2015. Wild poliovirus 1 continues to circulate. The main goals of the WHO Polio Eradication Strategy for the period 2022-2026 are: permanently interrupt all poliovirus transmission in endemic countries (Afghanistan and Pakistan), stop cVDPV (circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus) transmission and prevent outbreaks in non-endemic countries.

Poliomyelitis is the infection that, after smallpox, is a “serious candidate” for eradication worldwide. In accordance with the WHO strategy for 2022-2026, epidemiological surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is carried out with the aim of poliomyelitis eradication.

The Trp53 gene encodes several isoforms of elusive biological significance. Here, we show that mice lacking the Trp53 alternatively spliced (AS) exon, thereby expressing the canonical p53 protein but not isoforms with the AS C-terminus, have unexpectedly lost a male-specific protection against Myc-induced B-cell lymphomas. Lymphomagenesis was delayed in Trp53 +/+ Eμ-Myc males compared to Trp53 ΔAS/ΔAS Eμ-Myc males, but also compared to Trp53 +/+ Eμ-Myc and Trp53 ΔAS/ΔAS Eμ-Myc females. Pre-tumoral splenic cells from Trp53 +/+ Eμ-Myc males exhibited a higher expression of Ackr4, encoding an atypical chemokine receptor with tumor suppressive effects. We identified Ackr4 as a p53 target gene whose p53-mediated transactivation is inhibited by estrogens, and as a male-specific factor of good prognosis relevant for murine Eμ-Myc -induced and human Burkitt lymphomas. Furthermore, the knockout of ACKR4 increased the chemokine-guided migration of Burkitt lymphoma cells. These data demonstrate the functional relevance of alternatively spliced p53 isoforms and reveal sex disparities in Myc-driven lymphomagenesis., Competing Interests: AF, IS, JL, MG, AM, VL, AH, JR, WV, EE, MP, AM, JB, BB, FT No competing interests declared, (© 2024, Fajac et al.)

Vultures constitute globally the most rapidly declining group of birds. Across their wide distribution range, they share common ecological functions and unfavourable conservation status while being associated with varying habitats, lifestyles, cultural standing, and threats. We reveal conceptualisations about the emblematic yet critically endangered Egyptian vulture along its migratory flyway from the Balkans through the Middle East to Africa. Information was gathered through interviews, focus group discussions, and market surveys, with 420 people in 11 participating countries contributing overall. Our results showed that all vultures are recognised primarily for the environmental cleaning services, but the level of awareness differs between countries. Τhe Egyptian vulture has some perceptual advantages based on its white color, migratory nature, and endangered conservation status. This underlines its suitability as a charismatic flagship species that can potentially benefit other vulture species and thus enforce broader vulture conservation initiatives., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10745-022-00340-6., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022.)