Search

ObjectiveTo study the ideology within Hazard analysis and critical control point（HACCP） system， the relationship between ideology and HACCP system as well as between those ideologies.MethodsThe discipline idea contained in HACCP system were determined by investigating the connection between HACCP system and disciplines. The top six disciplines related to HACCP system were determined by expert scoring method. The correlation and significance were analyzed by Eviews software to determine significant discipline. The ideas within HACCP system and the relationship between HACCP system ideas were studied through brainstorming method.ResultsThe results showed that the subjects of food， management， mathematics， philosophy， computer and agriculture were correlated to HACCP system. Management， mathematics， philosophy and HACCP system were correlated significantly. Management， as the basis of HACCP system ideological framework， would put more focus on researches based on management theory and method extension. Mathematics， as significant tool of HACCP system research， would put more focus on analysis methods research based on mathematics， such as statistics， probability， model and so on. Philosophy， as ideology framework as HACCP system， would put more focus on ideology and view researches based on philosophy.ConclusionHACCP system contains ideologies of management， mathematics and philosophy. Management is the foundation level as the basic framework of HACCP system. Mathematics is intermediate level， as the basic theory research tool of HACCP system to support further basis research. Philosophy is the highest level as the internalized ideology of HACCP system basis theory， the ideology research of which provides scientific proof for future HACCP system theory and management research.

Drought poses a severe threat to terrestrial ecosystems' carbon sequestration function, which in turn affects regional sustainable development. Understanding its impact on carbon source/sink dynamics is crucial for addressing extreme climate change challenges. This study, based on the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA) model and soil heterotrophic respiration equation, the Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) of the middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin (MRYRB) from 2001 to 2019 were estimated and utilized to characterize the vegetation carbon source/sink. Additionally, four factors, namely, average surface temperature (AST), root-zone soil moisture (RM), drought frequency (DF), and drought intensity (DI), were selected and a multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model was applied to assess the dominant factors influencing vegetation carbon source/sink dynamics at the spatial scale. The results indicated that: (1) MRYRB vegetation acted as a carbon sink, showing an increasing trend. Carbon sink was primarily located in Shaanxi's central region, while carbon source was primarily located in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi's northern part. (2) Both the extent and severity of drought in the MRYRB showed a mitigating trend, presenting a spatial distribution of high-intensity low-frequency and low-intensity high-frequency. (3) AST, RM, DF, and DI had larger effects on carbon source than carbon sink. AST dominated mainly in northern Shanxi and Shaanxi, RM in central Shaanxi and Gansu, while DI and DF were concentrated in central Shaanxi and northern Shanxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovarian metastasis is one of the major causes of treatment failure in patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, the genomic characteristics of ovarian metastasis in GC remain poorly understood. In this study, we enroll 74 GC patients with ovarian metastasis, with 64 having matched primary and metastatic samples. Here, we show a characterization of the mutation landscape of this disease, alongside an investigation into the molecular heterogeneity and pathway mutation enrichments between synchronous and metachronous metastasis. We classify patients into distinct clonal evolution patterns based on the distribution of mutations in paired samples. Notably, the parallel evolution group exhibits the most favorable prognosis. Additionally, by analyzing the differential response to chemotherapy, we identify potential biomarkers, including SALL4, CCDC105, and CLDN18, for predicting the efficacy of paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, we validate that CLDN18 fusion mutations improve tumor response to paclitaxel treatment in GC with ovarian metastasis in vitro and vivo. 'Gastric cancer metastasis to the ovary is difficult to treat and is not fully understood. Here, the authors characterized mutations in a cohort of matched primary and metastatic disease, and found mutations, including in CLDN18, could predict treatment response to paclitaxel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]