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In this work, an alternative Experimental Didactic Kit for teaching resistors, capacitors and "RC" timing circuits was developed, using the Arduino platform technology, which is composed of a microcontroller and peripherals, due to the easy access to available teaching materials, enabling the reproduction of the prototype in the future by people with little knowledge in the area, and because it is an open-source platform. In addition, it allows visually impaired students to participate in the activity. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones. Moreover, it can be used as a great option to study resistors and capacitors in general. It also allows for a more detailed work, presenting an advantage in the teaching-learning process when compared to the traditional method, awakening in the student the interest in the study of Physics. We believe that this material is very useful in physics classes, being a great option for other teachers, aiming to improve students' knowledge and skills.

This study aimed to extract and physical-chemically characterize Terminalia catappa L. kernel oil from purple (CR) and yellow (CA) varieties. Physical-chemical parameters, composition of fatty acids, nutritional quality indices, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of both oil varieties were evaluated according to the literature. Both oils presented low levels of acidity and peroxides, besides the predominance of unsaturated fatty acids, ~63% of oleic and ~26% of linoleic acids, which influenced its nutritional indices. The CR oil variety exhibited a higher content in anthocyanin (18.3 ± 1.5 mg·100 g-1), ascorbic acid (68.4 ± 2.02 mg·100 g-1) and total polyphenol contents (152.3 ± 2.4 mg GAE·g-1), and a good antioxidant activity (38.6 ± 2.2 μg TE·g-1) determined by TEAC assay, when compared to the CA oil (p < 0.05). Therefore, the results confirm the importance of T. catappa as a lipid source for human consumption to be used in the development of food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (SarsCoV-2), a disease called COVID-19, has reached more than 219 countries with great damage and impact on global health. The viral infection triggers an explosive, hyperactive and uncontrolled immune response, with severe clinical manifestations in people with underlying diseases. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a genetic condition that determines immunosuppression, causes patients a greater risk of respiratory infections and pulmonary complications within the context of the pandemic. Objective: To analyze the impact of COVID-19 in patients with SCD and propose a guideline to care for this population. Methods: This is a systematic literature review where studies were analyzed, originally published in English, between March and December 2020, using the MedLine, SciELO and LILACS databases as references. The search was carried out by consulting the MeSH with the descriptors "sickle cell disease", "covid-19" and "guideline". 64 articles were identified from the search phrase. When applying the inclusion criteria, 7 articles were chosen for the study. Results and Conclusion: The infection with the new coronavirus could cause complications in patients with SCD, such as vaso-occlusive crises and acute chest syndrome. Considering these data, the authors formulated a guideline for guidance and care for individuals with SCD.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common genetic form of stroke. It is caused by a cysteine-altering variant in one of the 34 epidermal growth factor-like repeat (EGFr) domains of Notch3. NOTCH3 pathogenic variants in EGFr 1-6 are associated with high disease severity, whereas those in EGFr 7-34 are associated with late stroke onset and increased survival. However, whether and how the position of the NOTCH3 variant directly affects the disease severity remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to generate human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from patients with CADASIL with EGFr 1-6 and 7-34 pathogenic variants to evaluate whether the NOTCH3 position affects the cell phenotype and protein profile of the generated hiPSCs lines. Six hiPSCs lines were generated: two from patients with CADASIL with EGFr 1-6 pathogenic variants, two from patients with EGFr 7-34 variants, and two from controls. Notch3 aggregation and protein profiles were tested in the established six hiPSCs lines. Cell analysis revealed that the NOTCH3 variants did not limit the cell reprogramming efficiency. However, EGFr 1-6 variant position was associated with increased accumulation of Notch3 protein in pluripotent stem cells and proteomic changes related with cytoplasmic reorganization mechanisms. In conclusion, our analysis of hiPSCs derived from patients with CADASIL support the clinical association between the NOTCH3 variant position and severity of CADASIL., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Ethical Approval: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IIBSP-CAD-2019-56) and Ethics Committee for the Region of Santiago-Lugo (protocol number: 2016/450. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

Background: Microsurgery for paraclinoid aneurysms remains the first line of treatment in resource-constrained settings. The authors describe their institutional experience and evaluate functional outcomes after microsurgical treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms., Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression assessed predictors of good functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2) at last follow-up., Results: Fifty-six patients (80.4% female; mean age: 55.55 ± 11.27 years) with 58 paraclinoid aneurysms were analyzed. Most paraclinoid aneurysms were located in the ophthalmic segment (53.5%), presented in a ruptured state (56.9%), measured 10-25 mm (65.5%), and had a wide neck (median: 5.2 mm [interquartile range: 4.3-5.78]). The median time from symptom onset to intervention was five days (interquartile range: 3-10). About 51.8% of patients presented with visual deficits. Aneurysm repair involved clipping (87.5%) and clipping with bypass surgery (12.5%). Most cases were performed under a minipterional craniotomy (51.8%) with extradural anterior clinoidectomy (71.4%), carotid control (92.9%), fluorescence angiography (91.1%), and intraoperative Doppler (89.3%). The intraoperative aneurysm rupture rate was 7.1%. An increasing Hunt and Hess score at presentation was associated with lower odds of good functional outcomes (odds ratio: 0.25, 95% confidence interval 0.03-0.745; P = 0.038). At the 6-month follow-up, 91.1% of patients had good outcomes and 72.4% had improved visual outcomes., Conclusions: The present series showcases the valuable role of microsurgical treatment for patients with paraclinoid aneurysms. Despite the challenges posed by the poor grade of subarachnoid hemorrhage and delayed intervention, microsurgical techniques remain essential to optimizing functional outcomes and minimizing surgical morbidity., (Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists. We interrogated these concerns with a preregistered 68-country survey of 71,922 respondents and found that in most countries, most people trust scientists and agree that scientists should engage more in society and policymaking. We found variations between and within countries, which we explain with individual- and country-level variables, including political orientation. While there is no widespread lack of trust in scientists, we cannot discount the concern that lack of trust in scientists by even a small minority may affect considerations of scientific evidence in policymaking. These findings have implications for scientists and policymakers seeking to maintain and increase trust in scientists., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries. The data were collected between November 2022 and August 2023 as part of the global Many Labs study "Trust in Science and Science-Related Populism" (TISP). The questionnaire contained comprehensive measures for individuals' trust in scientists, science-related populist attitudes, perceptions of the role of science in society, science media use and communication behaviour, attitudes to climate change and support for environmental policies, personality traits, political and religious views and demographic characteristics. Here, we describe the dataset, survey materials and psychometric properties of key variables. We encourage researchers to use this unique dataset for global comparative analyses on public perceptions of science and its role in society and policy-making., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Author André Krouwel has ownership and stocks in Kieskompas BV, the market research company that collected data in Romania and Uruguay. No payment was received by the author. No other authors reported a competing interest., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

In recent decades, increased regulations on the use of bisphenol A (BPA) have prompted a surge in the use of BPA alternatives. Consequently, a widespread occurrence of BPA substitutes in aquatic environments is currently being detected. While some evidence exists about the degradation of these compounds through various water treatment technologies, the evolution of the resulting toxicity and endocrine-disrupting activity during these processes remains scarcely evaluated. In this study, the acute toxicity and transcriptomic responses in zebrafish eleutheroembryos exposed to selected bisphenols (BPA, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and bisphenol CCl (BPC-Cl)) were assessed during their oxidation by ozone. In addition, the response of zebrafish eleutheroembryos exposed to BPC-Cl treated with UV radiation was also investigated. Results showed that both ozonation and UV treatment effectively reduced the intrinsic toxicity of the studied bisphenols. This was observed with the increase of the survival and swim bladder inflation rates of zebrafish eleutheroembryos, reaching control levels. In concordance with these results, the initially altered mRNA levels in genes related to xenobiotic stimulus (cyp2k18); lipid homeostasis and transport (apoa1a); retinoid metabolism (aldh1a2); neutrophil differentiation (alas1); and oxygen transport (hbae3) in zebrafish eleutheroembryos were generally mitigated during the ozonation and UV treatment of bisphenols. Similarly, the high estrogenicity of these bisphenols, observed by elevated mRNA levels of cyp19a1b, decreased significantly during the ozonation treatment, reaching control levels. On the contrary, an increase in mRNA levels of fads2 and cyp19a1b was observed in animals exposed to BPC-Cl treated with UV radiation. These results suggest that the photolysis products of BPC-Cl may induce disruption of the lipid biosynthesis and estrogenicity. This was further confirmed with RNA-sequencing analysis, which revealed that embryos exposed to BPC-Cl treated with UV radiation presented alterations in mRNA levels of genes specifically related to estrogenic stimulus., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The stable isotope composition of meteoric water has been widely used to understand hydrological processes worldwide. We present a unique dataset, with the isotopic composition (δ 18 O and δ 2 H) of meteoric waters, derived from a nationwide study in Cuba. It includes monthly composite and event-based precipitations, from January 2017 to December 2021 (N = 526 and N = 111 respectively). Monthly data showed minor seasonal trends (dry vs. rainy), with a notable influence of tropical cyclones. Event-based data demonstrated that precipitation associated with tropical cyclones exhibited lower isotopic compositions. The analysis of potential factors influencing the isotopic composition of precipitation showed a minor influence of the rainfall amount, but negligible influence of factors such are relative humidity, elevation, and air temperature. This data set can be used as a tool not only to understand hydrological processes at the country scale, but also to further improve and develop isotope-enabled modelling for assessing water balances and fluxes, understanding the impact of extreme events, and paleoreconstruction in the Intra-Americas Sea., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Traditional testing methods in pharmaceutical development can be time-consuming and costly, but in silico evaluation tools can offer a solution. Our in-house Active-IT system, a Ligand-Based Virtual Screening (LBVS) tool, was developed to predict the biological and pharmacological activities of small organic molecules. It includes four independent modules for generating molecular descriptors (3D-Pharma), machine learning modeling (ExCVBA), a database of bioactivity models, and a prediction module. Activity data collected from the PubChem BioAssay database was used for modelling SVM and Naïve Bayes machine learning methods. Models have been constructed using a recursive stratified partition method and validated through an activity randomization (Y-random) process. Over 3500 bioassays were modeled, each comprising 30 SVM and 30 Naïve Bayes models and 60 randomized models. Bioassays with low performance or discrimination between regular and randomized were discarded. Using the Active-IT system we have evaluated three bioactive compounds of Ayahuasca tea. The predictions were thoroughly validated using known targets described in several public databases. The external validation results are noteworthy, with 16 of 33 (48.5% with p-value.

Although endovascular management has been increasingly adopted for basilar apex aneurysms (BAAs), microsurgery still represents an amenable treatment option. In this case series, six female patients (median age: 46 years) with six saccular high-riding BAAs (50% ruptured) were included. The median neck size was 5.3 mm (range: 2.9-7.9), and the median length from base to dome was 7.25 mm (range: 5.2-11.4). Preoperative complications included hydrocephalus (22%) and rebleeding (22%). All patients underwent clipping with a pterional craniotomy with extension into the temporal bone base. Intraoperative aneurysm rupture occurred in one patient (17%). Postoperative complications occurred in two patients (34%), of which one died because of extensive cerebral vasospasm and hospital-acquired pneumonia. At the 6-month follow-up, all remaining patients had modified Rankin scale scores ≤ 2. Microsurgery remains a viable option for BAAs in limited-resource settings. Technical success depends on delicate tissue work, in-depth anatomical knowledge, and maneuverability in narrow corridors., Competing Interests: None declared., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2024.)

Background: As early as 1995, the Institute of Medicine suggested that nurses were inadequately prepared for and educated about climate change and its health consequences. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the most reliable, robust, and valid instruments for measuring nurses' knowledge and awareness of climate change and climate-associated diseases., Methods: Included studies were appraised using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool and the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. The psychometrics and clinimetrics of the instruments were evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist and the COSMIN methodology for assessing content validity., Results: Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Ebesco, Cochrane Library Wiley, Web of Science Core Collection, Trip Database, JBI OVID SP, GreenFILE EBSCO, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and DART-EU were consulted. The 14 studies retained identified eight different instruments evaluating attitudes, perceptions, environmental awareness, environmental sensitivity, environmental attitudes, behaviours, motivation, concern, optimism, and experience. This review is reported according to the PRISMA guidelines., Conclusions: The New Ecological Paradigm Scale (NEPS) and the Climate, Health, and Nursing Tool (CHANT) are the most reliable, robust, and valid instruments for measuring nurses' knowledge and awareness of climate change and climate-associated diseases.