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This article examines the lasting impact of architects Karl Linn and John Turner on community development and informal settlements. Grounded in the barn raising tradition, their distinct yet converging paths highlight the power of community participation, collaboration, and self-help in marginalized neighborhoods. Linn's Neighborhood Commons projects and Turner's ideas on self-help housing and user-centered design have influenced participatory practices, challenged institutional norms, and prioritized a process over product approach in today's complex urban landscapes. This exploration underscores the profound impact of their work on neighborhood improvement and inclusive urban environments.

Mexico's housing policies and institutions have focused on increasing the housing supply over the past 50 years. Despite this, most of the population has been unable to afford it and has been forced to fend for themselves through self-construction in socially produced neighborhoods. This research compares the difference between inhabiting a "turn-key" house provided by the state and a self-constructed house through the lens of appropriation and its effects on identity and place attachment that evidence the co-constitutive nature of the house/resident dynamic. As case studies, thirty houses were analyzed in six neighborhoods, three state-financed and three socially produced. The empirical data collected through the qualitative study was structured through the development of a theoretical model called "dwelling by appropriation" that attempts to describe the practices surrounding the appropriation of the home. The research found that individuals who construct their own homes are prouder of them, more satisfied with them, have a higher sense of self-esteem and self-efficacy, and are more trusting of their neighbors as they are in control of critical decisions regarding their living environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article demonstrates how two different, but related processes converge in the Ciudad Kennedy neighbourhood, built by the Instituto de Credito Territorial (ICT) on the outskirts of Bogotá, the capital of Colombia, at the beginning of the 1960s. The ICT, the Colombian state agency responsible for building low-income housing, sought various means of addressing a housing crisis that had been exacerbated since the 1950s by significant rural migration into the country's urban centres. In this context, the ICT collaborated closely with the Inter-American Housing and Planning Center (CINVA). In tandem, the U.S. government approved budgeting for the programme Alliance for Progress. This programme for foreign aid and regional cooperation cemented the U.S. effort to consolidate its influence in Latin America as part of its Cold War geostrategy. Housing being one of the Alliance's primary means of achieving its goals, Ciudad Kennedy represented the measure by which the success of American foreign policy in Latin America could be assessed. By considering housing produced by the ICT in Colombia as a geopolitical tool in the 1960s, Ciudad Kennedy illustrates how the U.S. enhanced its relationships with Latin America through U.S. technicians and foreign aid programmes, such as the Alliance for Progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal settlement is a spatial manifestation of inequality, in that people turn to informal solutions for housing when formal ones are out of reach, usually because of financial constraints but also other factors such as social exclusion. However very little is known about the architectural and urban forms that constitute informal settlements, and thus how this inequality manifests spatially, and what specifically is inadequate in these settlements is not currently well understood. We use the framework of the United Nations Right to Adequate Housing as a benchmark to determine whether housing is contributing to inequality through one or more failures of adequacy, in which case we define these as being inequitable housing. We analyse the architecture of four cases within three informal settlements in Ahmedabad, Gujarat state, India, to examine how these urban forms both reflect and/or remedy multi-scalar urban housing inequalities. Four key physical spaces are found to be important: the dwelling's site, resident's control over dwelling design and construction, the design of the dwelling threshold, and the characteristics of shared open spaces. In the right combination, the quality of these physical spaces in informal settlements can contribute to informal settlement residents achieving housing adequacy. A better understanding of the built environment of informal settlements can enable designers and planners to harness the potential of informal settlement environments that are assets of the urban poor, create a context that stops informal settlements becoming 'slum-like' and help construct pathways towards urban equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neighbourhood social cohesion is important for the health and well-being of the ageing population. It is therefore crucial to study how we can create neighbourhoods with high levels of neighbourhood social cohesion where senior citizens can age in place. We test the hypotheses that collective self-build is positively related to social cohesion and (directly and indirectly) to social satisfaction and lower levels of loneliness. The study is based on survey data from 326 respondents of 50 years and over living in 25 collective self-build development projects and 19 conventionally developed housing projects in the Netherlands. The results of a structural equation model (SEM) reveal that collective self-build is directly related to neighbourhood social cohesion and lower feelings of social loneliness. We find an indirect effect on social satisfaction. These positive relationships hold while controlling for personal and household characteristics. This quantitative study adds scientific knowledge on the collective self-build development method and its relation to social cohesion, loneliness and satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of discipline directly on program policy implementation and indirectly through work effectiveness and teamwork. This research is causality research with a quantitative approach, conducted at the Housing and Settlement Area Office of Wajo Regency. Material and method: The population of 105 includes all employees, sampling using total sampling so that the entire population becomes the research sample. Data analysis using path analysis. The results showed that directly the variables of discipline, work effectiveness and teamwork had a positive and significant effect on the implementation of program policies. Statistics and Result: Work effectiveness has a positive and significant effect on program policy implementation and teamwork has a positive and significant effect on program policy implementation. Indirectly, work effectiveness and teamwork as medias variables that can positively and significantly influence discipline on program policy implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Privately organized collective housing is currently included in agendas for sustainable urban development in a range of European cities as a resource-efficient form of housing that prevents isolation and contributes to social cohesion within urban communities. However, research has shown that the recent surge of different forms of private-collective housing in Berlin could be a driver of gentrification and segregation. This article aims to uncover potential causes of the discrepancies between the ideological, and at times utopian, motivations underpinning self-build housing projects in the former East Berlin district Prenzlauer Berg, and their actual outcomes. I do so by analysing the literary (counter) discourse on self-build groups developed in Anke Stelling's novels Bodentiefe Fenster [ Floor-Length Windows ] (2015) and Schäfchen im Trockenen (2018, published in English translation as Higher Ground in 2021). I show that the realization of socially progressive, or even utopian, plans for urban private-collective housing prove difficult, and sometimes impossible, for the characters in the novels, due to the influence of other societal structures such as gender and class inequalities, urban segregation and gentrification, discrimination and the neoliberal logic of individual competition and consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In South Africa, the state provides low-income housing through subsidies to construct starter homes; however, the effort is insufficient to meet the country's housing demand. Another form of public or subsidised housing provision is the self-help housing model. The extent of the impact of the self-help model is not well reported. To close this gap, this article reports on a study expedited to assess whether the self-help housing model could be revitalised to curb the proliferation of informal settlements, especially in the central region of South Africa. The qualitative research aimed to suggest strategies to increase the use of the self-help housing model in the region. The qualitative (textual) data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions before they were subjected to thematic analysis. The study revealed that challenges encumber the self-help model of housing delivery, although the beneficiaries prefer it because of their involvement in the projects, which leads to bigger units and user satisfaction. The study concludes that the self-help housing policy used in South Africa requires revision to increase the scale of implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature on self-building suggests classic state-socialism restricted the practice and it expanded only during the disintegration of the regime. The current article challenges this, to date empirically little supported, statement by estimating the extent of the practice in Hungary between 1921 and 2013 with the help of historical sources on housing construction and housing statistics. Contradicting earlier assumptions, data suggest self-build remained relatively stable throughout the twentieth century, was affected positively rather than negatively by the introduction of state-socialism, but there is no evidence of its substantial expansion during the disintegration process. The comparison of Hungarian data with evidence from countries across the world indicates that based on the time of the decline of the practice, a division among countries can be identified by the three tiers of the world-economy defined by Wallerstein: the core, the semiperiphery and the periphery. Hungary seems to have followed the semiperipheral course of development regardless of its state-socialist past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant studies on Self-Help Housing (SHH) have centered on the types, processes, value, and challenges, but rare on the criteria for assessing its affordability. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the criteria based on published literature in 32 peer-reviewed journals. 81 relevant peer-reviewed papers were used for the study. A total of 8 criteria set, including 31 associated determinants were identified to have influence on SHH affordability. The criteria were; financing, access to land, building quality, development controls and planning regulations, building cost, location, infrastructure and services, and social issues. A framework method was adopted to select the papers. Authors from both developed and developing countries were noted to have made various pioneering contributions to SHH studies. The mean SCImago Journal Rank indicator obtained was above1.00, which showed that the journals used for the review were quality within the time frame of 1997 to 2020. Limitations were mainly seen in our dependence on Scopus, the few search engines, and the selected papers used. This study's outcome will broaden understanding of SHH affordability in developing countries on; policy formulation, housing market conditions, and research This review provides the opportunity for further empirical studies on SHH affordability metric development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Framed by an agenda of financial inclusion, housing for and by the poor has become a field of experimentation. These experiments have included the introduction of small, non-mortgage loans dedicated to the construction and improvement of self-organised housing. This paper provides a close reading of how such housing microfinance schemes have been introduced in Mexico with the support of the World Bank since the early 2000s. We highlight how the roll-out of the new schemes has been facilitated through several loans aimed at structural reforms of the Mexican housing sector. Yet while wrapped in a pro-poor discourse, it ultimately served the goal of expanding housing finance to low and middle-income groups. The ensuing implementation, however, was a complex and protracted process. We argue that it was characterised by experimentation, negotiations, and failures, both within state institutions as well as between state actors, World Bank representatives, and civil society. The conclusion presents Mexico's housing agendas as a field of finance-induced experimentation, in which institutional ruptures resulting from the changes in government rub against the long-term engagement of local housing associations and activists. The latter have played an important role in setting noteworthy limits to financially driven interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]