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O presente trabalho visa apontar os principais benefícios dos portfólios, a saber: auxiliar no acompanhamento do planejamento e na frequente avaliação da aprendizagem, estimular o desenvolvimento dos alunos, e auxiliar em uma comunicação positiva entre professores, alunos, gestores e famílias. Adicionalmente, propõe-se uma organização estrutural de portfólios digitais para a avaliação da aprendizagem contínua da língua inglesa na educação infantil. A proposta de estrutura do portfólio se baseia no estudo dos portfólios digitais das turmas da autora desde 2015. Como objeto de estudo, o presente trabalho apresenta um projeto completo de portfólio bimestral de língua inglesa para ensino fundamental 1, no caso o 5º ano no 3º bimestre de 2019, de uma escola municipal situada na cidade de Bragança Paulista – São Paulo.

Soil compaction is a recurring problem in agriculture that ultimately leads to a reduction in crop productivity. However, the application of agro-industrial residues from the burning of plant biomass can improve the chemical and physical properties of soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Paiaguás grass under different soil densities and wood ash doses. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, under a 5 × 5 factorial scheme, with five soil compaction values (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 Mg m-3) and five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), with four replicates. A soil density greater than 1.2 Mg m-3 reduced the dry mass of Paiaguás grass. The wood ash dose of 20.42 g dm-3 led to the highest shoot dry mass. Root growth was highest at a wood ash dose of 16.52 g dm-3. RESUMO A compactação do solo é um problema recorrente na agricultura, levando à redução da produtividade das culturas. Diante disso, a aplicação de resíduo agroindustrial da queima de biomassa vegetal pode melhorar as propriedades químicas e físicas do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento do capim paiaguás sob diferentes densidades do solo e doses de cinzas vegetal. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 × 5, composto por cinco valores de compactação do solo (1,0, 1,2, 1,4, 1,6 e 1,8 Mg m-3) e cinco doses de cinza vegetal (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g dm-3), com quatro repetições. Densidades do solo acima de 1,2 Mg m-3 reduzem a massa seca do capim paiaguás. A dose de cinza de madeira de 20,42 g dm-3 apresenta o maior valor de massa seca da parte aérea. O crescimento da raiz é maior na dose de cinza de madeira de 16,52 g dm-3.

Purpose: To assess anterior, posterior, and total corneal astigmatism in a large sample of Brazilian patients. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, all patients whose corneas were imaged with the Galilei G6 (Ziemer Ophthalmology) between January 2017 and February 2019 at HOPE Eye Hospital, in Recife, Brazil, were eligible to participate. Anterior, posterior, and total corneal astigmatism values were collected and analyzed. Results: The study included 3,253 eyes of 1,919 patients. The mean magnitude of the anterior, posterior, and total corneal astigmatism was 1.50 ± 1.11, 0.34 ± 0.15, and 1.29 ± 0.98 diopters (D), respectively. Corneal astigmatism was greater than 0.50 D in the anterior cornea of 86.3% of eyes (2,807 eyes) and in the posterior cornea of 13.2% of eyes (429 eyes). Vertical alignment of the steepest corneal meridian was observed in the anterior cornea of 74.5% of eyes (2,423 eyes) and in the posterior cornea of 93.1% of eyes (3,029 eyes). The correlation between the astigmatism magnitude of the anterior and posterior cornea was strong when the steep anterior meridian was aligned vertically ( r = 0.720; P < .001), and absent when it was aligned horizontally ( r = 0.102; P = .036). Conclusions: Corneal astigmatism values in the Brazilian population were similar to those found in other ethnicities, suggesting that toric calculators, nomograms, coefficients of adjustment, and formulas that were developed based on astigmatism values of other populations may be used in Brazilian patients with comparable accuracy. [ J Refract Surg . 2023;39(1):56–60.]

Under the assumption that the second fundamental form is locally timelike, we establish new nonexistence and umbilicity results concerning n-dimensional spacelike submanifolds immersed with parallel mean curvature vector in the $$(n+p)$$ ( n + p ) -dimensional de Sitter space $$\mathbb {S}^{n+p}_q$$ S q n + p of index q, such that $$1\le q\le p$$ 1 ≤ q ≤ p . Our approach is based on a Simon’s type inequality involving the norm of the total umbilicity tensor, obtained by Mariano in [17], jointly with suitable maximum principles due to Alías, Caminha and do Nascimento [6, 7] for complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds and a weak version of Omori–Yau’s maximum principle for stochastically complete Riemanian manifolds proved by Pigola, Rigoli and Setti [20, 21].

Most patients with pharmacoresistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) have hippocampal sclerosis on the postoperative histopathological examination. Although most patients with MTLE do not refer to a family history of the disease, familial forms of MTLE have been reported. We studied surgical specimens from patients with MTLE who had epilepsy surgery for medically intractable seizures. We assessed and compared gene expression profiles of the tissue lesion found in patients with familial MTLE ( n = 3) and sporadic MTLE ( n = 5). In addition, we used data from control hippocampi obtained from a public database ( n = 7). We obtained expression profiles using the Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 (Affymetrix) microarray platform. Overall, the molecular profile identified in familial MTLE differed from that in sporadic MTLE. In the tissue of patients with familial MTLE, we found an over-representation of the biological pathways related to protein response, mRNA processing, and synaptic plasticity and function. In sporadic MTLE, the gene expression profile suggests that the inflammatory response is highly activated. In addition, we found enrichment of gene sets involved in inflammatory cytokines and mediators and chemokine receptor pathways in both groups. However, in sporadic MTLE, we also found enrichment of epidermal growth factor signaling, prostaglandin synthesis and regulation, and microglia pathogen phagocytosis pathways. Furthermore, based on the gene expression signatures, we identified different potential compounds to treat patients with familial and sporadic MTLE. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the mRNA profile in surgical tissue obtained from patients with familial MTLE and comparing it with sporadic MTLE. Our results clearly show that, despite phenotypic similarities, both forms of MTLE present distinct molecular signatures, thus suggesting different underlying molecular mechanisms that may require distinct therapeutic approaches.

A utilização da madeira como estrutura temporária, nos canteiros de obra, contribui para o aumento do volume de resíduo de construção e demolição (RCD) gerado e, por isso, compósitos de madeira têm se tornado uma alternativa para o reaproveitamento desses resíduos. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar a influência da substituição de teores de gesso por cimento Portland em compósitos de gesso-madeira. Os resíduos de madeira (compensado, eucalipto e pínus) foram coletados, moídos, tratados e secos. Foi utilizado o gesso de pega lenta e o cimento Portland, com uma relação aglomerante/madeira de 1:0,15 (em massa), e relação água/aglomerante de 0,70. Os teores de substituição do gesso por cimento Portland foram de 5%, 10%, 15% e 20%, em massa. As partículas de madeira foram caracterizadas, e os compósitos produzidos foram ensaiados no estado fresco e produzidos corpos de prova prismáticos para realização de ensaios nas idades de 7 e 28 dias). Os resultados indicaram que a substituição do gesso por cimento Portland contribuiu para a aceleração do tempo de fim de pega e para a diminuição das resistências mecânicas quando comparado aos compósitos de referência, isto porque, na presença dos dois aglomerantes, o fator de compatibilidade das espécies utilizadas pode ter sido alterado.

Internet access in both private and public environments allows users to broadly access their data what makes possible the deployment of new services based on Internet of Things. This fact created Smart Environments (SEs) that are composed of a huge amount of heterogeneous devices, for example, personal devices (smartphones, notebooks, tablets, etc) and IoT devices (sensors, actuators, and others). However, these environments can facilitate the action of malicious agents interested in promoting Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks to the network, and, when they are public places, it is challenging to locate these attackers. In this way, it is necessary to deploy solutions that can detect DDoS in SEs and to determine the physical location of the attacker, which is essential to prevent future attacks. Within this context, this article presents an Intelligent System for detection of DDoS and physical location of devices in SEs, applying Machine Learning (ML) and trilateration techniques. The experiments performed, using real network traffic and simulation, suggest that the proposed system is capable of detecting attacks and finding malicious devices.

BACKGROUND: Stretching exercises increase the joint range of motion (ROM) and depend on the skeletal tissues' exposition-time to stretch. However, it is unclear how a long stretching time affects the muscle-tendon unit's passive mechanical properties. AIM: This study aimed to analyze changes in the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit’s passive mechanical properties before and after a 10-minute passive stretching protocol. METHOD: Thirty healthy participants (26.57 ± 3.82 years old) were allocated into a control group (n=15), who did not perform any intervention, and to an experimental group (n=15), who performed one bout of a 10-minute ankle plantar flexor passive static stretching. Ankle ROM, plantar flexor passive torque, and myotendinous junction displacement were evaluated pre-intervention, immediately after, and 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the end of the intervention. The stiffnesses of the muscle-tendon unit, muscle, and tendon were calculated for all moments. A generalized estimating equation test was performed to compare groups and moments. RESULTS: The experimental group increased the ROM (p

BACKGROUND: Achilles tendon pain is present in tendons’ non-rupture injuries usually exacerbated by mechanical loading (i.e., overuse injury).Photobiomodulation is a light therapy that may reduce pain in tendinopathy. AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials tested the acute and chronic effects of photobiomodulation on Achilles tendon pain. METHOD: Randomized clinical trials were included comparing photobiomodulation with a control group in patients with Achilles tendon pain.The search included MEDLINE (Pubmed), SCOPUS, EMBASE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane CENTRAL), LILACS, and Science Direct databases, and manual search until November 2021.The bias’s risk was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration bias risk assessment tool and PEDro scale, while the level of evidence strength by the GRADE. Quantitative analysis through meta-analyzes was performed. The protocol was registered (PROSPERO-CRD42018091509). RESULTS: The search yielded 3.239 papers in the seven databases. Five studies were included after screening, eliminating duplicates, and applying eligibility criteria, and three were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis (n=79) showed no photobiomodulation acute and chronic effects compared with control group on Achilles tendon pain (p= 0.45, SMD: 0.28). In the qualitative analysis, three studies showed a high risk, and two studies a low risk of bias in all characteristics. GRADE analysis showed very low- to low-quality evidence of the studies. CONCLUSION: There is no photobiomodulation effect in Achilles tendon pain. Due to the very low and low strength of evidence, new studies with better methodological quality should be conducted to improve the level of evidence.

More men than women develop and die of tuberculosis (TB). Fewer data exist on sex differences in latent TB infection (LTBI). We assessed for potential sex differences in LTBI acquisition among close TB contacts.Regional Prospective Observational Research for TB-Brazil is an observational multi-center cohort of individuals with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB and their close contacts. Participants were enrolled from five sites in Brazil from June 2015 - June 2019. Close contacts were followed for 24 months after enrollment, with LTBI defined as a positive interferon-γ release assay (IGRA; QuantiFERON 3Of 1093, 504 (46%) female close contacts were IGRA positive compared to 295 of 745 (40%) men. The unadjusted OR for IGRA positivity among women vs men was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.08-1.58). Bivariate adjustments yielded ORs in women vs men ranging from 1.19 to 1.33 (P-value range:0.01-0.07). Multivariable regression and weighted models yielded similar ORs in women vs men, of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.92-1.41) and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.94-1.40), respectively.The point estimate for LTBI among close TB contacts in Brazil was higher in women, though less pronounced in multivariable models. If the sex difference in LTBI is confirmed in additional settings, studies of possible underlying differences in socio-behavioral factors or TB pathogenesis are warranted.

Implementation of clinical pharmacy services, such as drug dispensing, is a complex process. It is necessary to understand the challenges associated with this practice from the perspective of the actors involved to help ensure optimal service provision. Thus, this study aimed to understand the factors that may influence the implementation of drug dispensing in community pharmacies, according to the perceptions of pharmacists.This qualitative study was based on semistructured, face-to-face interviews. The participants were pharmacists who worked in a chain of community pharmacies in Brazil, selected based on their direct participation in the implementation process. The interview recordings were transcribed full verbatim and were independently analyzed using thematic analysis, followed by consensus meetings between researchers. The factors identified by the participants were classified according to the Apoteca framework. This study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research and all participants signed an informed consent form.We conducted 18 interviews, with 47 factors that may influence the implementation of drug dispensing in community pharmacies being identified. These factors were allocated to seven categories: support from community pharmacy chain (4), pharmacy infrastructure (11), characteristics of the pharmacy, medicines and other health products (4), pharmacist (16), dispensing work process (2), pharmacy team (2) and patient (8). The classification of factors according to the Apoteca framework allocated most of them to administrative (14) and technical (15) domains, followed by attitudinal (13) and political (5) domains.This study identified several factors that can influence the implementation of drug dispensing and classified them according to the domains of the Apoteca framework, highlighting the multifactorial nature of the implementation process. The results of this study can guide the planning of strategies aimed at providing efficient drug dispensing in community pharmacies.

This work proposes a simple, fast and low-cost voltammetric method for the determination of trimethoprim at low concentrations in an analytical and real matrix (river water sample, bovine serum and synthetic urine). For this, a glassy carbon electrode was modified with Printex(6L) carbon and gold nanoparticles in a chitosan film crosslinked with epichlorohydrin. After that, the electrochemical measurement system contained a solution of phosphate buffer at pH 4.0 with commands for the square wave voltammetry technique. The results achieved showed a limit of detection equal to 12.4 nmol L−1 and a linear concentration range from 0.20 to 6.0 μmol L−1. The sensor selectivity was tested in the presence of various electroactive molecules, and the results showed that the detection of TMP in the presence of possible interferents was not masked. In addition, the applicability of the AuNPs–Printex(6L)–CTS:EPH/GCE sensor was also verified in synthetic samples of urine, bovine serum and river water through standard addition and recovery tests. Finally, the results of this analytical proposal portray a simple, fast and efficient method for the detection of TMP in different matrices.

Universities and extension projects had to redesign their teaching approaches and methods as a consequence to the replacement of face-to-face teaching by distance learning. The project LearningLab presents a proposal for a practical laboratory that offers courses to students in order to promote and expand their knowledge. This paper reports the findings of the application of the mentioned methodology on the course ‘Leadership in IT: A Practical Approach’. For this, examples of real situations from daily life in the labor market were used. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively using the grounded theory method and quantitatively to identify positive and negative points related to the implementation of the course. The results show that the main positive points mentioned by the students were (a) the content covered in the course, (b) the teaching methodology, (c) examples of real situations, and (d) the didactics of the lecturers. 100% of the students pointed out that: (i) the teaching methodology was easy to learn, (ii) the content was easy to remember, (iii) the teaching was objective and clear, and (iv) questions were answered promptly. All the participants also did not find it tedious to submit the final project of the course. Therefore, the main contribution of this study can be noted on the student’s professional development of project LearningLab.