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As the demand for biobased lubricating oils continues to rise, there is a growing focus on exploring diverse oil types. Particularly noteworthy is the surge in demand for high oleic oils, which offer enhanced stability, and a richer oleic acid content compared to their regular oil counterparts. However, the performance of high oleic soybean oil (HOSO) with additives compared to regular soybean oil (RSO), remains unclear. This study is focused on revealing the compatibility of both regular soybean oil (RSO) and high oleic soybean oil (HOSO) with select antiwear and antioxidant additives, specifically zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP), and zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate (ZDDC) combined with antimony dialkyldithiocarbamate (ADDC), along with a comparative performance analysis of these additives. Reciprocating friction, wear, and electrical contact resistance-based analyses were conducted to evaluate additive compatibility and wear mechanisms at room temperature lubrication conditions. Interestingly, it was observed that for the select additives, the compatibility with regular soybean oil (RSO) was better than that of high oleic soybean oil (HOSO). RSO with additives showed around 28% reduction of wear volume whereas, it was only 8% for HOSO with additives. Additional physiochemical property analyses were conducted on the lubricants to correlate the observed tribological behavior. The worn-out surfaces of the test samples were characterized thoroughly to reveal the dominant wear mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: From the treatment of damaged teeth to replacing missing teeth, dental biomaterials cover the scientific interest of many fields. Dental biomaterials are one of the implants whose effective life depends vastly on their material and manufacturing techniques. The purpose of this review is to summarize the important aspects for metallic dental implants from biomedical, mechanical and materials science perspectives. The review article will focus on five major aspects as mentioned below. Tooth anatomy: Maximizing the implant performance depends on proper understanding of human tooth anatomy and the failure behavior of the implants. Major parts from tooth anatomy including saliva characteristics are explored in this section. Wear mechanisms: The prominent wear mechanisms having a high impact on dental wear are abrasive, adhesive, fatigue and corrosion wear. To imitate the physiological working condition of dental implants, reports on the broad range of mastication force and various composition of artificial saliva have been included in this section, which can affect the tribo-corrosion behavior of dental implants. Dental implants classifications: The review paper includes a dedicated discussion on major dental implants types and their details for better understanding their applicability and characteristics. Implant materials: As of today, the most established dental implant materials are SS316L, cobalt chrome alloy and titanium. Detailed discussion on their material properties, microstructures, phase transformations and chemical compositions have been discussed here. Manufacturing techniques: In terms of different production methods, the lost wax casting method as traditional manufacturing is considered. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) as additive manufacturing techniques (AM) have been discussed. For AM, the relationships between process–property–performance details have been explored briefly. The effectiveness of different manufacturing techniques was compared based on porosity distribution, mechanical and biomechanical properties. Summary: Despite having substantial research available on dental implants, there is a lack of systematic reviews to present a holistic viewpoint combining state-of-the-art from biomedical, mechanical, materials science and manufacturing perspectives. This review article attempts to combine a wide variety of analyzing approaches from those interdisciplinary fields to deliver deeper insights to researchers both in academia and industry to develop next-generation dental implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Since December 2019, an increasing number of pneumonia cases of unknown reasons emerged in Wuhan, China. Deep-sequencing analysis from nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum, lower respiratory tract samples, and blood indicated a novel coronavirus, known as 2019-nCoV. Our aim was to determine the association of haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb%), total leukocyte count (TLC), platelet count (Plt) with severity of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19) infection among patients admitted in the COVID intensive care unit (ICU) and COVID ward, and our objectives were to estimate haemoglobin (Hb), TLC, differential leukocyte count (DLC), and platelet count of patients admitted in the COVID ward and ICU; to derive neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) from the DLC of the patients admitted in the COVID ward and ICU; and to determine the correlation between Hb, platelet count, TLC, and NLR with severity of disease among COVID patients. Methods: After receiving approval from institutional ethics committee, data were collected according to our study parameter (age, weight, height, Hb%, TLC, platelet, NLR) from the medical record section for ICU-admitted (Group A) and ward-admitted (Group B) patients and compared. Here, SPSS version 22 was used for analysis, and a p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A decreasing trend in Hb%, TLC, and platelet count was seen in both the groups but more in group A than group B, which is statistically significant; NLR got an increasing trend in these two groups, and the increase in group A is more and statistically significant compared to group B. Conclusion: Our study tries to explore the feasibility of such parameters in this regard and found that a combination of NLR, Hb%, TLC, and platelet count can be considered together as an effective prognostic indicator in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]