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Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are strong candidates for a new class ofsemiconductors due to their tunable bandgaps. Their capacity to stretch and deform makes themsuitable for various medical sensors, and TMDCs can be engineered to have thicknesses as lowas 1 nm. Despite their potential, producing TMDCs on an industrial scale remains challengingwith the current chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. The issues stem from the inability torapidly produce them and the difficulty in maintaining consistency due to multiple sensitiveparameters like temperature, pressure, and precursor quantity. A promising alternative is a twostep method, which begins with the sputtering of the transition metal before the CVD process. This approach streamlines the TMDC production process, minimizing variables by automating one of the precursor stages and eliminating the need for manual intervention and catalysts. It's also vital to explore other transition metals since these can alter the TMDCs' properties,particularly their magnetic and superconductive characteristics. In this study, samples weregenerated using a metal seeding layer method with single coatings of Tungsten andMolybdenum. Dual coatings, including Titanium coated with Molybdenum and Chromiumcoated with Molybdenum, were tested to inhibit oxidation in the TMDCs. Each sampleunderwent comprehensive analysis at both the compositional and structural levels including.Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), andatomic force microscopy (AFM). Whereas Molybdenum disulfide and Tungsten disulfideshowed experimental data consistent with the existence of sulfide phases, other materials lackevidence of such sulfurization. The AFM data revealed that the Tungsten disulfide displayed atriangular structure, which is characteristic of this material. While further research onsulfurization of Titanium and Chromium is required, the two-step synthesis approach showed thepotential for broader class of 2D materials including Nickel, Niobium, Vanadium, and more todetermine if the metal seeding approach is universally applicable to all TMDCs.

Die Replik greift Ebles Konzeption von Solidarität als widerständige Beziehungsweise auf und wendet sie auf pädagogische Beziehungen in Bildungsprozessen an. Dabei wird Ebles These vom Primat der Bildung gegenüber der Solidarität umgedreht und argumentiert, dass das Verhältnis zwischen beiden historisch und in sozialen wie politischen Prozessen eher umgekehrt ist. Systematisch wird, sobald Bildung und Solidarität in Erscheinung treten, für eine dialektische Fassung des Verhältnisses plädiert, die die Widersprüchlichkeit des Solidaritätsbegriffs in seiner Bedeutung für Beziehungen innerhalb von Bildungsprozessen verdeutlicht.

Background: In veterinary practice, most minor procedures such as radiographs, skin biopsies and wound treatments require sedation. The combination of butorphanol, ketamine and dexmedetomidine is commonly used, but the ideal dosages for this combination have not been reported. This randomized prospective clinical trial initially tested 8 clinically relevant combinations in a blinded procedure in 50 dogs. The quality of each combination was rated using a purposefully developed negative score (NS; 0-21.5, the lower the NS the better the quality of sedation), to judge the quality of sedation, the occurrence of side effects, and need for additional anaesthetics. Then the combinations were divided into "promising" and "unsatisfactory" subgroups and their centroids Pc and Uc were determined before a new combination (N) was calculated using the formula N=Pc+α*(Pc-Uc). The combination N was tested in 6 dogs and then it replaced the worst of the previous 8 combinations. The same procedure was repeated after each new combination until the NS did not improve any further. As a last step, the best combination was tested in 100 adult dogs undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Results: The optimal combination found was dexmedetomidine 0.005 mg/kg, ketamine 1 mg kg-1, and butorphanol 0.3 mg kg-1 with a median NS of 1.5 (interquartile range 1.5-2.4). In all 112 dogs receiving this combination, the quality of sedation was satisfactory and no severe side effects were detected. Conclusions: The application of this optimization method allowed the calculation of an optimal drug combination for sedation in healthy dogs. This combination revealed safe after being tested in 100 animals. This combination can now be used in daily clinical practice for healthy adult dogs undergoing minor procedures.

Data-intensive emerging technologies manifest in learning and research in several ways, offering routes to impact student success and transform the research process. In learning, emerging technologies may enable new strategies for addressing student success. In research, emerging technologies are already impacting scientific methodologies with more disruption, and opportunity, anticipated. As the nature of research changes, so do the practices surrounding its dissemination and other issues taking on new importance. This chapter identifies strategic opportunities for libraries to adopt and engage with emerging technologies and ways in which library values and professional expertise inform and shape this engagement. The chapter builds on four cross-cutting opportunities that permeate many or all aspects of library services. Each section identifies key technologies shaping user behaviours and library services and highlights exemplary initiatives.

Banyak bermunculan kasus-kasus kemanusiaan mulai dari ringan, sedang sampai yang berat, dalam bentuk tindak pelanggaran, perilaku menyimpang dan tindak kriminal. Antara lain kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak, acuh tak acuh terhadap orang yang mengalami musibah dan kecelakaan, serta berbagai aktifitas yang membedakan manusia berdasarkan suku, agama, fisik, kedudukan sosial dan sebagainya. Fenomena yang dapat berkembang tersebut dapat meningkatkan arus disintegrasi bangsa, ketidak-adilan, dan ketidak-beradaban. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi aktualisasi nilai Pancasila sila kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab dalam tradisi Senguyun yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Dayak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian secara holistik. Data berasal dari data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai sila kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab yang teraktualisasi dalam tradisi Senguyun yaitu (1) menjunjung persamaan derajat dan martabat, serta hak dan kewajiban masyarakat, (2) cinta pada sesama dalam rangka mewujudkan kehidupan rukun dan sejahtera, (3) mengutamakan kepentingan umum dari pada kepentingan pribadi, (4) Partisipasi dan kontribusi warga secara maksimal, (5) menghormati dan menghargai kesepakatan bersama, (6) membantu anggota masyarakat yang mengalami musibah/kesusahan, dan (7) terbuka bekerja sama tanpa membeda-bedakan latar belakang.

Background Low back pain (LBP) remains the leading cause of disability worldwide. A better understanding of the beliefs regarding LBP and impact of LBP on the individual is important in order to improve outcomes. Although personal experiences of LBP have traditionally been explored through qualitative studies, social media allows access to data from a large, heterogonous, and geographically distributed population, which is not possible using traditional qualitative or quantitative methods. As data on social media sites are collected in an unsolicited manner, individuals are more likely to express their views and emotions freely and in an unconstrained manner as compared to traditional data collection methods. Thus, content analysis of social media provides a novel approach to understanding how problems such as LBP are perceived by those who experience it and its impact. Objective The objective of this study was to identify contextual variables of the LBP experience from a first-person perspective to provide insights into individuals’ beliefs and perceptions. Methods We analyzed 896,867 cleaned tweets about LBP between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018. We tested and compared latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), Dirichlet multinomial mixture (DMM), GPU-DMM, biterm topic model, and nonnegative matrix factorization for identifying topics associated with tweets. A coherence score was determined to identify the best model. Two domain experts independently performed qualitative content analysis of the topics with the strongest coherence score and grouped them into contextual categories. The experts met and reconciled any differences and developed the final labels. Results LDA outperformed all other algorithms, resulting in the highest coherence score. The best model was LDA with 60 topics, with a coherence score of 0.562. The 60 topics were grouped into 19 contextual categories. “Emotion and beliefs” had the largest proportion of total tweets (157,563/896,867, 17.6%), followed by “physical activity” (124,251/896,867, 13.85%) and “daily life” (80,730/896,867, 9%), while “food and drink,” “weather,” and “not being understood” had the smallest proportions (11,551/896,867, 1.29%; 10,109/896,867, 1.13%; and 9180/896,867, 1.02%, respectively). Of the 11 topics within “emotion and beliefs,” 113,562/157,563 (72%) had negative sentiment. Conclusions The content analysis of tweets in the area of LBP identified common themes that are consistent with findings from conventional qualitative studies but provide a more granular view of individuals’ perspectives related to LBP. This understanding has the potential to assist with developing more effective and personalized models of care to improve outcomes in those with LBP.